WORK ENVIRONMENT DESIGN
MODULE 5
2 0 2 3
ISYE6157011 – Human Integrated Systems
OBJECTIVES
To understand determinants of a workplace and room design.
To analyze workplace and room design using appropriate guidelines.
To evaluate workplace and room design.
To layout ergonomic workplace and room design (2D & 3D).
To understand the effect of illumination, temperature, ventilation, vibration, and noise dose level on worker’s productivity.
To analyze and evaluate a proper environment in a workplace based on the illumination, temperature, ventilation, vibration and noise dose limit.
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THE LAYOUT OF
THE WORKSTATIONS
WORKSTATION DESIGN :
GRASP AND REACH
PERSONAL SPACE
Violet 380 – 440 Blue 440 – 500 Green 500 – 580 Yellow 580 – 600 Orange 600 – 620 Red 620 – 750
The visible colours of the spectrum cover certain band of wavelengths (in nanometers):
COLORS IN
WORKSPACE
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To achieve orderliness
To indicate safety devices
To generate contrasts that make work easier To psychologically affect people
Colors in and around workplaces have the following functions:
COLORS IN
WORKSPACE
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SAFETY COLOURS:
If the same color is always used to indicate a particular danger, or place of help in an emergency, the correct association and reaction to them become automatic.
A uniform color used in most countries according to international ISO standards.
Red means:
Halt, stop, prohibited. Red is also color the warning color for FIRE used on extinguishers and fire fighting equipment.
COLORS IN
WORKSPACE
ISYE6157011
Yellow means:
Danger of collision, attention, look out, risk of tripping .
Green means:
Rescue services, safety exit and ‘things are in order’.
It is used to indicate “all forms are in order”, also all forms of rescue equipments and first aid.
Blue means:
Actually a safety colour, but is used for giving directions, advice, and general indications.
COLORS IN
WORKSPACE
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COLORS IN
WORKSPACE
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BODY TEMPRATURE
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ROOM TEMPRATURE
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If the room has people, machinery, or activities in it, the air in the room will deteriorate due to the release of odors, the release of heat, the formation of water vapor, the production of carbon dioxide, and the production of toxic vapors. Ventilation must be provided to dilute these contaminants, exhaust the stale air, and supply fresh air. This can be done in one or more of three approaches: general, local, or spot. General or displacement ventilation is delivered at the 2.4 – 3.6 m level and displaces the warm air rising from the equipment, lights and workers (Freivalds & Niebel, 2014).
A sustainable level of illumination Balance of surface luminance
Avoidance of glare
Temporal uniformity of lighting
To meet visual comfort to every task, the following factors need to be considered:
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ILLUMINATION
1 lux = 0,09 ftcd
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ILLUMINATION
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ILLUMINATION
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NOISE DOSE
OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) uses the concept of noise dose, with the exposure to any sound level above 80 dB causing the listener to incur a partial dose (Freivalds & Niebel, 2014).
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NOISE DOSE
Noise dose that's appropriate for the use of office space (Ministry of Health of The Republic of Indonesia, 2016)
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NOISE DOSE
HEALTH EFFECTS
Exposure to high levels of noise can cause permanent hearing loss that can't be repaired by surgery or hearing aid. Short term exposure to loud noise can cause a temporary change in hearing (your ears may feel stuffed up) or a ringing in your ears (tinnitus). These short-term problems may go away within a few minutes or hours after leaving the noise. However, repeated exposures to loud noise can lead to permanent tinnitus and/or hearing loss.
Source: (OSHA)
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FORMULA
Formula to calculate maximum exposure time to certain level (dB) of noise.
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EXAMPLE
Known:
L = 100 dB
Crosscheck:
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FORMULA
Formula to calculate noise dose level (%)
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EXAMPLE
Known:
T1 = 6 C1 = 3 T2 = 4 C2 = 8 T3 = 2 C3 = 2
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FORMULA
Formula to calculate Time-Weighted Average
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EXAMPLE
Known: D = 350%
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ISYE6157011
BINUS UNIVERSITY
