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YOUTH PERSPECTIVE AND MORAL VALUES IN "SPIDER-MAN: NO WAY HOME"
Nabila Ufairah Sjah1*, Marudut Bernadtua Simanjuntak2, Joiman Berkat Waruwu3
1IPB University 2State University of Jakarta 3Bethesda Collage
123 Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
*Email: [email protected]
Abstrak
Film adalah serangkaian gambar yang dapat bergerak dan membentuk sebuah alur cerita. Salah satu perusahaan yang memproduksi film-film terkenal di Hollywood adalah The Walt Disney Company, salah satu anak perusahaan yang terkenalnya adalah Marvel Comics. Di dalam film Marvel dikenal dengan nama Marvel Cinematic Universe, yaitu tempat atau universe berkumpulnya para superhero buatan Marvel, contohnya adalah Avengers. MCU tidak terlepas dari sebuah film yang berlatarkan seorang superhero muda, yaitu Spider-Man. Spider-Man: No Way Home menjadi sekuel yang dinantikan para pecinta film superhero Marvel, dengan tokoh utama Spider-Man (Peter Parker).
Dengan tokoh utama termuda di Marvel, film ini menarik minat kaum muda untuk menyaksikannya di layar lebar karena ceritanya dianggap “relate” dengan kehidupan remaja, seperti kekeluargaan, persahabatan, percintaan, hingga rasa tanggung jawab. Spider-Man menjadi karakter dalam rumah produksi Marvel dengan usia karakter utama yang paling muda. Selain itu, dalam film ini menyampaikan nilai moral yang dikemas dengan baik dan memudahkan penonton untuk memahaminya.
Kata kunci: Film, Nilai Moral, Pemuda, Marvel, Spider-Man.
Abstract
A movie is a series of images that can move and form a storyline. One of the companies that produce famous films in Hollywood is The Walt Disney Company, one of its famous subsidiaries is Marvel Comics. In Marvel movies known as the Marvel Cinematic Universe, which is the place or universe of the gathering of marvel superheroes, for example, the Avengers. MCU is inseparable from a film set in a young superhero, namely Spider-Man. Spider-Man:
No Way Home is the sequel that marvel superhero movie lovers are looking forward to, with the main character Spider-Man (Peter Parker). With the youngest main character in Marvel, the film attracts young people to see it on the big screen because the story is considered "relate" to teenage life, such as family, friendship, romance, to a sense of responsibility. Spider-Man became the character in the Marvel production house with the youngest age of the main character. In addition, this film conveys moral values that are well packaged and make it easier for the audience to understand them.
Keywords: Movies, Moral Values, Youth, Marvel, Spider-Man.
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INTRODUCTIONGenerally, Indonesians prefer to listen to and watch movies about fairy tales, novel adaptations, and history than read them. That's why the Indonesian film industry has so many fans. The history of Indonesian film begins in the era of colonialism. At that time, movies had only a few genres, and getting access to watch was very difficult. In the era of colonialism more documentaries, such as natural scenery, war, and others.
Most documentaries at the time were not produced in Indonesia. The films are widely imported from major countries, such as France and the United States. There are only a few cinemas, after independence more precisely in the 1980s the popularity of the Indonesian film industry is rampant in local cinemas. One of the films that got the attention was Catatan si Boy. Sounds and images are part of a movie and have the effect of changing a person's emotions. Images that can move and create a plot are an understanding of the film (Alfathoni & Manesah, 2020).
In the 1990s the Indonesian film industry underwent a cultural change due to the large number of films originating from Hollywood and Hong Kong. One of the places to produce movies in Hollywood is Marvel.
Marvel is an American superhero comic founded in 1939. Marvel underwent three name changes, namely Timely Publications, Atlas Comics, and in 1961 until now the company name became Marvel Comics or Marvel Worldwide Inc.
Marvel comic book superheroes, namely Black Widow, Doctor Strange, Iron- Man, Hulk, Thor, Spider-Man, and so on.
However, not only tell the superheroes, but they are also famous for the villains in the films, such as Venom, Loki, Doctor Octopus, Thanos, and others. However, Marvel has experienced the ups and downs of his company, at the height of which he went into bankruptcy, until in 2009, The Walt Disney Company was a film company that created Mickey Mouse and Snow-White acquired the Marvel Comics company and became a subsidiary.
However, The Walt Disney Company does not hold licenses in all Marvel comics, such as 20th Century Fox licensed X-Men, Fantastic Four, Wolverine, Deadpool, Scarlet Witch, Cable, Super Skrull, Quicksilver, and Skrulls. Then, at Sony Pictures they hold a Spider-Man license. Universal Pictures licensed Namor or The Sub-Mariner and Hulk.
Lions Gate Entertainment owns the rights to Man-Thing and The Punisher, and the rest of marvel's characters are held by The Walt Disney Company, which has ownership of up to 5,000 Marvel characters.
Marvel has become known since the release of the first Avengers film under The Walt Disney Company, The Avengers in 2012 which received an IMDb rating of 8.1/10 from 1,342,156 appraisers on the site. In this film, Marvel characters come together to fight Loki who wants destruction on earth. To fight Loki, the International Peace Agency is known as
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S.H.I.E.L.D. recruits and forms a team dubbed The Avengers. It includes Iron-Man, Captain America, Hulk, Thor, Black Widow, and Hawkeye.The film involves famous actors and actresses. Like Robert Downey Jr. as Iron- Man, then Chris Evans as Captain America, Mark Ruffalo as Dr. Bruce Benner, or better known as hulk. Not only that, there is Chris Hemsworth as Thor, Tom Hiddleston as Loki, Jeremy Renner as Clint Barton or better known as Hawkeye. Not to forget Samuel L.
Jackson as Nick Furry or the man who has collected superheroes and shaped them into the Avengers, and the heroine in a superhero movie, Natasha Romanoff known as Black Widow played by the famous actress, Scarlett Johansson.
However, before watching the film, viewers are advised to watch Marvel films according to the timeline of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. Because watching according to the timeline can help the audience to understand the next movie or Marvel movie they want to watch. If only watched from the year of the publisher then the first order is the film Iron-Man which in 2008. However, Marvel does not sort the movie's views according to its timeline.
Then, Marvel also divided its timeline, currently the timeline of the Marvel Cinematic Universe is divided into 4 phases. In phase 1 is a series of Marvel Cinematic Universe films in which the film introduces characters published by Marvel Comics through their previous
comics. Then phase 2 and phase 3 are a continuation of the previous phase, which is still introducing characters from the Marvel comics themselves. The last phase, phase 4, is very interesting because in this phase the Marvel Cinematic Universe develops its characters into a series that can be watched on Disney+ Hotstar and in this phase tells more details related to space, time, and the universe from the Marvel Cinematic Universe.
However, Marvel could still regain the character, if the studio suffered a failure to produce a sequel, for example, Daredevil from the Fox studio. Marvel movies are famous for plot twists and post-credit scenes. Post credit scene is the uniqueness of a Marvel film.
Understanding from the post-credit scene is a short clip after the credit scene, which becomes unique in the film footage and becomes the key to the next Marvel film. It could be the next season or another Marvel movie trailer.
The post-credit scene is something that is highly anticipated by marvel movie lovers. By watching post-credit scenes can help the audience to understand the next movie (Baxi, 2021). At the end of 2021, Marvel movie lovers are very happy because many Marvel films are coming out. Such as Shang Chi and The Legend of The Ten Rings, Eternals, and Spider-Man: No Way Home.
Spider-Man: No Way Home is a sequel to the previous Spider-Man film series, Spider-Man:
Homecoming (2017) and Spider-Man: Far From Home (2019).
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METHODDescriptive qualitative methods are the methods used in conducting this research. The process of understanding the meaning of the behavior and nature of the individual or group to be discussed is an understanding of qualitative methods (Setiawan, 2018). In addition, qualitative methods discuss social and humanitarian issues. The function of qualitative methods for finding and understanding in general and centrally. The purpose of qualitative research is to understand, apply, feel, describe, and decipher experiences and problems in the films analyzed. Therefore, this study aims to understand the description and message contained in the movie Spider-Man: No Way Home.
RESULTS
The universe known to be inhabited by living things is a galaxy of the Milky Way and only on one planet inhabited by living things, namely earth. According to one expert, George Gale. When viewed from its separation from other universes, then the universe can be considered single and stand-alone. So the term multiverse is a set of single universes that have similarities between each universe.
Allegations related to the multiverse and other worlds have been from a long time ago, more precisely from the era of pre- Socratic philosophers already have these assumptions. According to Anaximandros, a
leading philosopher of that era said that an old world or universe would undergo a change with a new world or universe to replace. Later, the concepts of Anaximandros and others were broken by arguments put forward by Aristotle.
He said that, if there was a universe other than the earth, then the movement of the universe would be in chaos because he considered that the earth was the center of the movement of the universe, and the earth and its contents would change.
Isaac Newton speculated that the universe is vast and it is not yet known how big the universe is out there. However, he was convinced that each universe had the same law of gravity as the earth newton lived on. After speculation from Newton the discussion of the multiverse more and more are researching it.
Such as Everett's concept of quantum mechanics (1957) and Einstein's Bigbang theory or general relativity concepts (Popo, 2021).
But in this era, more and more scientists and other important figures are discussing the multiverse. The description of a multiverse is related to the reality if there is a universe other than the universe that humans live in today and there may be a life similar to that on earth. In philosophy itself, reality cannot be separated from metaphysics, especially the metaphysics of science. In the metaphysics of science, any theory will be sought and discussed in depth until it is acceptable to human common sense, including the concept of a multiverse.
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However, to prove that the multiverse exists in "real evidence" still takes a long time.Therefore, the concept of the multiverse has many obstacles to prove it for real such as the limitations of tools, technology, and the ability of humans to reach the universe other than the Milky Way. Because of these obstacles, scientists and experts are still discussing them theoretically and will continue to grow. Then as for researchers and experts who do not agree with the concept of this multiverse (Triadi, 2018).
In addition, the theory of the multiverse is still in the form of belief is not data from a direct trial result. Then, George Ellis who is a South African-born cosmologist, said that the concept of the multiverse and its theories have greatly distorted science so far, according to him the concept of a multiverse is an impossibility. If the concept of inflation in the universe is considered acceptable human common sense alone still cannot be proven let alone the concept of the multiverse. Therefore, some scientists and experts agree that the theory of the multiverse or other worlds and universes that look like earth is not a science but it is just a theory, concept, and presumption (Popo, 2021).
Then some comics, short stories, storybooks, and movies are already many who are interested in discussing the multiverse because of the concepts, presumptions, and speculations that exist. From the famous comics originating from Japan, Doraemon has discussed related to the multiverse. On several
occasions, there are several Doraemon films that discuss the multiverse. For example, in the film Doraemon: Nobita in the World of Mysteries which aired in 1982, then Doraemon: Nobita in the Land of the Wind in 2003, and many more Doraemon films related to the concept of the multiverse.
Indonesia has also started many literary works that discuss the concept of the multiverse in the form of serialized novels by author Tere Liye. Tere Liye's serialized novel is known as the Bumi series. The novels discuss a multiverse of parallel worlds close to the Earth that humans live in. The Earth series has 11 novels, consisting of Bumi (2014), Bulan (2015), Matahari (2016), Bintang (2017), Ceros dan Batazoar (2018), Komet (2018), Komet Minor (2019), Selena (2020), Nebula (2020), Si Putih (2021), and Lumpu (2021).
Then in western films as for those that discuss related multiverse other than Marvel Comics, namely DC Comics. DC Comics is often considered a competitor of Marvel Comics because they have comics that discuss superheroes. Just like Marvel has the Avengers, dc has a superhero team known as the Justice League. But the two companies have collaborated several times, one of the results of collaboration is the creation of a comic book in the form of a mini-series titled DC vs. Marvel in 1996.
The DC Multiverse has many types of Earth, consisting of DC superheroes but have character differences and conflicts experienced
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by the superheroes. For example, Earth-0/New Earth/Prime Earth is inhabited by Batman, Superman, and other superheroes. Then, Earth- 1 whose superheroes are relatively few and still new, the origin of superheroes on this earth is too little compared to earth in other universes. As for one of the earth from the other universe that is the creation of one of the important figures in Marvel Comics, namely Stan Lee.The universe created by Stan Lee is called Earth-6 and for DC fans, it is better known as the Stan Lee-verse. In this universe, there are several superheroes such as Superman, Batman, Green Lantern, and many other superheroes. Then there's the earth from another universe, Earth-3 instead of being a superhero, they become supervillains. One of the characters is Ultraman (Superman) and Owlman (Batman), it can be said that this universe is a reverse or reverse of the earth from the previous universe. On Earth-3 there is an evil version of the Justice League called Crime Syndicate of America (Friedenthal, 2019).
Just like Marvel, DC has all sorts of earths in other universes. Then for the superhero movies, DC and Marvel have differences, one of which is in the superhero cast. In Marvel films, actors and actresses who play superheroes are the same and do not change, in contrast to DC where some superheroes experience changes in actors and actresses such as Batman characters who have changed actors several times. His latest live-
action film, The Batman, is directed in 2022 by Robert Pattinson. Batman is played by American actor Ben Affleck.
Marvel is also famous for its universal concept and world, the Marvel Universe.
However, for live-action marvel movies known as MCU or Marvel Cinematic Universe. In the comic titled The Avengers
#85 which was published in 1971. There is a term multiverse, which is a place that describes several infinite collections of universes.
Then reinsed in the Captain Britain comics published in 1976 in more detail and detail. With the comic, the concept of the multiverse from Marvel is increasingly widespread. The story of Spider-Man or Spider-Man also has a multiverse, namely Spider-Verse. In the universe, there are many Spider-Man. With Web of Life and Destiny, Spider-Man can connect and the universe is guarded by Master Weaver.
In addition, Master Weaver can open a portal to Spider-Man universes. Further back to the MCU or Marvel Cinematic Universe, the multiverse was first discussed by the Ancient One in Doctor Strange which aired in 2016. He said that more than one world is infinite, then added to his explanation in the film Avengers: Endgame in 2019. The Ancient One says that an event can create a "branch of time" that has no limits.
The concept of "time branch" is discussed in detail in the Loki series that airs in 2021 on Disney+ Hotstar. The series is
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discussed from Loki's point of view after Avengers: Endgame. Loki fights off from a destiny that he should have died but Loki is still alive. That's why he was kidnapped by TVA or the Time Variance Authority.From them, it was revealed that the timeline was guarded by Sacred Timeline and if anything strayed it would be removed by them. Of these Loki and Sylvie are looking for who is responsible for the timeline removal.
When they manage to find the man, He Who Remains, Sylvie kills him and the timeline chaos unfolds and the MCU Multiverse opens.
Then in Spider-Man: No Way Home became the warmest topic because the film raised the theme of the multiverse.
Spider-Man has a very long history and for Spider-Man, the latest sequel Spider- Man: No Way Home is not the first Spider- Man film. Spider-Man has three actors: Tobey Maguire, Andrew Garfield, and who starred in Spider-Man: No Way Home, Tom Holland.
They are Spider-Man, but they are different Spider-Man universes. Tobey Maguire and Andrew Garfield are Sony's Spider-Man and unlike before, Tom Holland is a co-operative of Sony and a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company, Marvel Studios.
The concept of the superhero Spider- Man is an ordinary young man who is smart in science and technology. This character was created by Stan Lee under the auspices of Marvel Comics and makes Spider-Man one of the most liked superheroes around the world.
In carrying out its actions to help the public
and defend the truth, Spider-Man has a tool known as a web shooter (Ginocchio &
DeFalco, 2017), in the tool that we know as spider webs. Meanwhile, in comics and films, the net is known as web fluid, the power of web fluid exceeds steel and the shape is very thin and light.
As previously explained that Marvel Comics had experienced bankruptcy and he had been in debt with Walt Disney until 2009, Marvel was acquired by The Walt Disney Company and became a subsidiary. Spider- Man first aired on the big screen in 2002, before, the first Spider-Man animated series aired from 1974 to 1977. Spider-Man first aired on CBS one year after the end of the animated series Spider-Man. However, it only aired for one year, from 1978 to 1979.
Spider-Man was first screened by Tobey Maguire with co-star Kirsten Dunst as Mary Jane. Tobey played in three Spider-Man films: Spider-Man, Spider-Man 2, and Spider- Man 3. The films are directed by famous director Sam Raimi who once directed The Evil Dead. Sam Raimi is also rumored to be the director of the Marvel film that will air in 2022, namely Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness.
Next up is the movie The Amazing Spider-Man. The film features a different actor, Andrew Garfield, with his co-star Emma Stone as Gwen Stacy. Andrew Garfield has appeared in two Spider-Man films: The Amazing Spider-Man and The Amazing Spider-Man 2. Both films are different
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directors from the previous film directed by Sam Raimi. Both films are directed by Marc Webb.Then the latest Spider-Man film has a unique, namely Sony and Marvel Studios worked together in working on this Spider- Man film. In this film, the actor chosen is still 19 years old and comes from England, namely Tom Holland. Tobey and Andrew, who starred in the previous Spider-Man films, are about 30 years old. Spider-Man was first introduced to marvel studios in Captain America: Civil War.
The film was directed by Joe Russo and Anthony Russo.
For the single Spider-Man film, Sony's collaboration with Marvel Studios was the first Spider-Man: Homecoming. This film has a timeline of events after the film Captain America: Civil War. Spider-Man:
Homecoming is played by Tom Holland as Spider-Man, Zendaya as Michelle Jones as the girl Peter Parker likes, and finally Jacob Batalon as Ned Leeds who plays Peter Parker's best friend. Spider-Man: Homecoming, directed by Jon Watts, was released on July 7, 2017.
The next film is Spider-Man: Far From Home, which was released on December 15, 2021. The film still uses the same actors, actresses, and directors. But the timeline in this film after the end of the Avengers war with Thanos in the universe, namely in the film Avengers: Endgame. In this movie, Spider-Man fights an unexpected enemy, Mysterio. In the film, Peter Parker assumes
that Mysterio is the real hero. However, it is not in line with what Peter Parker considers because Mysterio is the real enemy.
Then the latest Spider-Man sequel and still airing in February 2022, namely Spider- Man: No Way Home. This film, became the culmination of the Spider-Man films under the auspices of Marvel Studios. Spider-Man: No Way Home was released on December 15, 2021, in Indonesia and became the first country to screen the film Spider-Man: No Way Home. This film has what every Spider- Man fan could want. With the appearance of the previous Spider-Man actors, namely Tobey Maguire and Andrew Garfields, it has become a superhero film with the best fan service.
Here's a glimpse of the plot of Spider-Man: No Way Home.
The film begins with Peter Parker or Spider-Man played by Tom Holland being revealed by Mysterio to the public. Mysterio is the villain in the previous Spider-Man film, Spider-Man: Far From Home, which premiered in 2019. Peter, who is disturbed by his personal identity and close friends, asks Doctor Strange for help to make them forget that Peter Parker is Spider-Man. However, the spell is broken because when Doctor Strange makes a spell, Peter interrupts the course of the spell-making.
As a result, people do not forget Peter Parker is Spider-Man. But there is something more dangerous than that, namely the arrival of villains from all over the universe who know Peter Parker as Spider-Man. But not
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only the villains who come, but the Spider- Man also comes from various universes, namely Spider-Man played by Tobey Maguire in the Spider-Man series, Spider-Man, Spider- Man 2, and Spider-Man 3. Not only Spider- Man Tobey there is also Spider-Man from the film The Amazing Spider-Man and The Amazing Spider-Man 2 played by Andrew Garfield.They come together to solve the problem that Spider-Man Tom has created, namely by returning the villains to their respective universes by "healing" them. However, there is one villain who destroys the spell created by Doctor Strange at the beginning of the story.
Because of the destruction of the spell, the MCU was almost attended by all the villains who knew Peter Parker as Spider-Man. With his sacrifice, Peter asks Doctor Strange to cast the same spell at the risk that no one who knows Peter Parker including his girlfriend and best friend.
DISCUSSIONS
It was a glimpse of the storyline in
Spider-Man: No Way Home. Furthermore,this journal will discuss the nature of Peter Parker and the moral values that will be discussed in as detail as possible. In Spider-Man, Peter Parker is an orphan who only has Aunt May. Peter Parker is the youngest superhero in Marvel comics, although he is young, between 17 and 18 years old.
But he is a man who upholds justice and equality. Peter Parker is an academically intelligent young man but has the same traits as his age even though he is a superhero. That's reflected in the trusty, pessimistic, and reckless attitude in
Spider-Man: Far From Home. At that timehe got the legacy of an eyeglass from Tony Stark or known as the superhero Iron-Man.
The timeline in this film is after the end of the war against Thanos in the film
Avengers: End Game. Going back to theprevious story, he felt he didn't deserve the legacy of an eyeglass from Tony Stark.
This is because he almost endangered his friends by accidentally activating missile mode and directed at one of his friends.
Then, it made him even more inappropriate when he met with Mysterio.
At that time, Peter felt that Mysterio deserved Tony's legacy glasses because it was back then when Peter fought his enemy he did not manage to defeat him and Mysterio who defeated the enemy.
Finally, Peter gave the glasses to Mysterio.
But as a result of this happened the misuse
of Tony Stark's technology, such as a
shooting drone. Finally, Mysterio's secret
was revealed, namely he was one of the
employees whose work is better known to
Tony Stark by the public. Therefore, he
felt unappreciated and received an award
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He wants revenge on Tony Stark and takes over the company. But this can be thwarted by Spider-Man even though he is known by the public as the antagonist who killed Mysterio and his continuation as in the first paragraph. Although he was a careless person and had a very passionate young spirit. Peter Parker is a young man who has very high responsibility and is ready to sacrifice whatever it is to save ordinary citizens.
Including when he sacrificed forgotten by everyone including his girlfriend and friends, namely MJ and Ned.
In spider-man movies can prove that young people can be superheroes and have a very high responsibility. Although Aunt May died, his girlfriend and friend forgot about it. Peter can stand alone it is explained at the end of the story that he moved into a small apartment and tried to catch up by trying to take the entrance exam of his dream university, namely MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology).
We as young people can emulate the exemplary nature of Peter Parker, because despite the many obstacles he received.
Peter can try on his own and live it while carrying out the superhero task, which is to help ordinary citizens who need his help.
Although many dislike Peter Parker, he does not distinguish the people who are helped even though they do not like him as Spider-Man. As young people, we must emulate the attitude and nature of a Peter Parker.
CONCLUSIONS
Spider-Man is a reflection of a teenager in his final year of high school. He is an orphan who can face all problems and can solve them to the end. Although careless and passionate, Spider-Man has a sense of responsibility and pressure that he faces from the surrounding environment to the general public. The attitude of Spider-Man figures can be an exemplary example for today's teenagers.
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