UNIT III UNIT III
I) Design and Simulation in Simulation Laboratory using any Simulation Software (Any 6 Experiments)
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
II Year B.Tech. ECM-II Sem L T/P/D C
- -/3/- 2 (A40483) ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS LAB
List of Experiments (12 experiments to be done) :
I) Design and Simulation in Simulation Laboratory using any
2. For Hardware simulations of Electronic Circuits i) Regulated Power Supply (0-30V)
ii) CRO’s
iii) Functions Generators iv) Multimeters
v) Components 3. Win XP/ Linux etc.
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
III Year B.Tech. ECM-I Sem L T/P/D C
4 -/-/- 4 (A50010) MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS Objectives:
To enable the student to understand and appreciate, with a practical insight, the importance of certain basic issues governing the business operations namely: demand and supply, production function, cost analysis, markets, forms of business organisations, capital budgeting and financial accounting and financial analysis.
Unit I
Introduction & Demand Analysis: Definition, Nature and Scope of Managerial Economics. Demand Analysis: Demand Determinants, Law of Demand and its exceptions. Elasticity of Demand: Definition, Types, Measurement and Significance of Elasticity of Demand. Demand Forecasting, Factors governing demand forecasting, methods of demand forecasting.
Unit II
Production & Cost Analysis: Production Function – Isoquants and Isocosts, MRTS, Least Cost Combination of Inputs, Cobb-Douglas Production function, Laws of Returns, Internal and External Economies of Scale. Cost Analysis:
Cost concepts. Break-even Analysis (BEA)-Determination of Break-Even Point (simple problems) - Managerial Significance.
Unit III
Markets & New Economic Environment: Types of competition and Markets, Features of Perfect competition, Monopoly and Monopolistic Competition.
Price-Output Determination in case of Perfect Competition and Monopoly.
Pricing: Objectives and Policies of Pricing. Methods of Pricing. Business:
Features and evaluation of different forms of Business Organisation: Sole Proprietorship, Partnership, Joint Stock Company, Public Enterprises and their types, New Economic Environment: Changing Business Environment in Post-liberalization scenario.
Unit IV
Capital Budgeting: Capital and its significance, Types of Capital, Estimation of Fixed and Working capital requirements, Methods and sources of raising capital - Trading Forecast, Capital Budget, Cash Budget. Capital Budgeting:
features of capital budgeting proposals, Methods of Capital Budgeting:
Payback Method, Accounting Rate of Return (ARR) and Net Present Value Method (simple problems).
Unit V
Introduction to Financial Accounting & Financial Analysis: Accounting concepts and Conventions - Introduction IFRS - Double-Entry Book Keeping, Journal, Ledger, Trial Balance- Final Accounts (Trading Account, Profit and Loss Account and Balance Sheet with simple adjustments). Financial Analysis: Analysis and Interpretation of Liquidity Ratios, Activity Ratios, and Capital structure Ratios and Profitability ratios. Du Pont Chart.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Varshney & Maheswari: Managerial Economics, Sultan Chand, 2009.
2. S.A. Siddiqui & A.S. Siddiqui, Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis, New Age international Publishers, Hyderabad 2013.
3. M. Kasi Reddy & Saraswathi, Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis, PHI New Delhi, 2012.
REFERENCES:
1. Ambrish Gupta, Financial Accounting for Management, Pearson Education, New Delhi.2012.
2. H. Craig Peterson & W. Cris Lewis, Managerial Economics, Pearson, 2012.
3. Lipsey & Chrystel, Economics, Oxford University Press, 2012 4. Domnick Salvatore: Managerial Economics in a Global Economy,
Thomson, 2012.
5. Narayanaswamy: Financial Accounting—A Managerial Perspective, Pearson, 2012.
6. S.N.Maheswari & S.K. Maheswari, Financial Accounting, Vikas, 2012.
7. Truet and Truet: Managerial Economics: Analysis, Problems and Cases, Wiley, 2012.
8. Dwivedi: Managerial Economics, Vikas, 2012.
9. Shailaja & Usha : MEFA, University Press, 2012.
10. Aryasri: Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis, TMH, 2012.
11. Vijay Kumar & Appa Rao, Managerial Economics & Financial Analysis, Cengage 2011.
12. J. V. Prabhakar Rao & P.V. Rao, Managerial Economics & Financial Analysis, Maruthi Publishers, 2011.
Outcomes:
At the end of the course, the student will
Understand the market dynamics namely, demand and supply, demand forecasting , elasticity of demand and supply, pricing methods and pricing in different market structures.
Gain an insight into how production function is carried out to achieve least cost combination of inputs and cost analysis
Develop an understanding of Analyse how capital budgeting decisions are carried out
Understand the framework for both manual and computerised accounting process
Know how to analyse and interpret the financial statements through ratio analysis.
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
III Year B.Tech. ECM-I Sem L T/P/D C
4 -/-/- 4 (A50507) DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Objectives:
To understand the basic concepts and the applications of database systems.
To master the basics of SQL and construct queries using SQL.
To understand the relational database design principles.
To become familiar with the basic issues of transaction processing and concurrency control.
To become familiar with database storage structures and access techniques.
UNIT- I
Introduction-Database System Applications, Purpose of Database Systems, View of Data – Data Abstraction, Instances and Schemas, Data Models, Database Languages – DDL, DML, Database Access from Application Programs, Transaction Management, Data Storage an d Qu erying , Database Arc hitecture, Datab ase Users an d Administrators, History of Data base Systems.
Introduction to Data base design, ER diagrams, Beyond ER Design, Entities, Attributes and Entity sets, Relationships and Relationship sets, Additional features of ER Model, Conceptual Design with the ER Model, Conceptual Design for Large enterprises. Relational Model:
Introduction to the Relational Model – Integrity Constraints over Relations, Enforcing Integrity constraints, Querying relational data, Logical data base Design, Introduction to Views – Destroying /altering Tables and Views.
UNIT- II
Relational Algebra and Calculus: Relational Algebra – Selection and Projection, Set operations, Renaming, Joins, Division, Examples of Algebra Queries, Relational calculus – Tuple relational Calculus – Domain relational calculus – Expressive Power of Algebra and calculus.
Form of Basic SQL Query – Examples of Basic SQL Queries, Introduction to Nested Queries, Correlated Nested Queries, Set – Comparison Operators, Aggregate Operators, NULL values – Comparison using Null values – Logical connectives – AND, OR and NOT – Impact on SQL Constructs, Outer Joins, Disallowing NULL values, Complex Integrity Constraints in SQL Triggers and Active Data bases.
UNIT- III
Introduction to Schema Refinement – Problems Caused by redundancy, Deco mp ositio ns – Pro blem related to deco mp ositio n, F un ctio nal Dependencies - Reasoning about FDS, Normal Forms – FIRST, SECOND, THIRD Normal forms – BCNF –Properties of Decompositions- Loss less- join Decomposition, Dependency preserving Decomposition, Schema Refinement in Data base Design – Multi valued Dependencies – FOURTH Normal Fo rm, Jo in Dep en denc ies, F IF TH Normal fo rm, In clusio n Dependencies.
UNIT- IV
Transac tion Management-Transactio n Con cept- Transac tion State- Implementation of Atomicity and Durability – Concurrent – Executions – Serializability- Recoverability – Implementation of Isolation – Testing for serializability.
Concurrency Control- Lock –Based Protocols – Timestamp Based Protocols- Validation- Based Protocols – Multiple Granularity.
Recovery System-Failure Classification-Storage Structure-Recovery and Atomicity – Log – Based Recovery – Recovery with Concurrent Transactions – Buffer Management – Failure with loss of nonvolatile storage-Advance Recovery systems- Remote Backup systems.
UNIT- V
Overview of Storage and Indexing: Data on Extern al Storag e, F ile Organization and Indexing – Clustered Indexes, Primary and Secondary Indexes, Index data Structures – Hash Based Indexing, Tree based Indexing, Comparison of File Organizations.
Tree Structured Indexing: Intuitions for tree Indexes, Indexed Sequential Access Methods (ISAM) B+ Trees: A Dynamic Index Structure, Search, Insert, Delete.
Hash Based Indexing: Static Hashing, Extendable hashing, Linear Hashing, Extendible vs. Linear Hashing.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Data base Management Systems, Raghu Ramakrishnan, Johannes Gehrke, TMH, 3rd Edition, 2003.
2. Data base System Concepts, A.Silberschatz, H.F. Korth, S.Sudarshan, McGraw hill, VI edition, 2006.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Database Systems, 6th edition, Ramez Elmasri, Shamkant B.Navathe, Pearson Education, 2013.
2. Database-Principles, Programming, and Performance, P.O’Neil,
E.O’Neil, 2nded., ELSEVIER.
3. Database Systems, A Practical approach to Design Implementation and Management Fourth edition, Thomas Connolly, Carolyn Begg, Pearson education.
4. Database System Concepts, Peter Rob & Carlos Coronel, Cengage Learning, 2008.
5. Fundamentals of Relational Database Management Systems, S.Sumathi, S.Esakkirajan, Springer.
6. Database Management System Oracle SQL and PL/SQL, P.K.Das Gupta, PHI.
7. Introduction to Database Management, M.L.Gillenson and others, Wiley Student Edition.
8. Database Development and Management, Lee Chao, Auerbach publications, Taylor & Francis Group.
9. Introduction to Database Systems, C.J.Date, Pearson Education.
10. Database Management Systems, G.K.Gupta, TMH.
Outcomes:
Demonstrate the basic elements of a relational database management system.
Ability to identify the data models for relevant problems.
Ability to design entity relationship and convert entity relationship diagrams into RDBMS and formulate SQL queries on the respect data.
Apply normalization for the development of application software’s.
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
III Year B.Tech. ECM-I Sem L T/P/D C
4 -/-/- 4 (A50425) LINEAR AND DIGITAL IC APPLICATIONS
Objectives:
The main objectives of the course are:
To introduce the basic building blocks of linear integrated circuits.
To teach the linear and non - linear applications of operational amplifiers.
To introduce the theory and applications of analog multipliers and PLL.
To teach the theory of ADC and DAC
To introduce the concepts of waveform generation and introduce some special function ICs.
To understand and implement the working of basic digital circuits UNIT -I:
Op eratio na l Amplifie r : Ideal and Practic al Op-Amp, Op-Amp Characteristics, DC and AC Characteristics, Features of 741 Op-Amp, Modes of Operation - Inverting, Non-Inverting, Differential, Instrumentation Amplifier, AC Amplifier, Differentiators and Integrators, Comparators, Schmitt Trigger, Introduction to Voltage Regulators, Features of 723 Regulator, Three Terminal Voltage Regulators.
UNIT -II:
Op-Amp, IC-555 & IC 565 Applications: Introduction to Active Filters, Characteristics of Band pass, Band reject and All Pass Filters, Analysis of 1st order LPF & HPF Butterworth Filters, Waveform Generators – Triangular, Sawtooth, Square Wave,IC555 Timer - Functional Diagram, Monostable and Astable Operations, Applications, IC565 PLL - Block Schematic, Description of Individual Blocks, Applications.
UNIT -III:
Data Converters : Introduction, Basic DAC techniques, Different types of DACs-Weighted resistor DAC, R-2R ladder DAC, Inverted R-2R DAC, Different Types of ADCs - Parallel Comparator Type ADC, Counter Type ADC, Successive Approximation ADC and Dual Slope ADC, DAC and ADC Specifications.
UNIT -IV:
Digital Integrated Circuits: Classification of Integrated Circuits, Comparison of Various Logic Families, CMOS Transmission Gate, IC interfacing- TTL
Driving CMOS & CMOS Driving T TL , Co mb in atio nal Lo gic ICs – Specifications and Applications of TTL-74XX & CMOS 40XX Series ICs - Code Converters, Decoders, Demultiplexers, LED & LCD Decoders with Drivers , Encoders, Priority Encoders, Multiplexers, Demultiplexers, Priority Generators/Ch eckers, Parallel Binary Ad der/Subtractor, Mag nitu de Comparators.
UNIT -V:
Sequential Logic IC’s and Memories: Familiarity with commonly available 74XX & CMOS 40XX Series ICs – All Types of Flip-flops, Synchronous Counters, Decade Counters, Shift Registers.
Memories - ROM Architecture, Types of ROMS & Applications, RAM Architecture, Static & Dynamic RAMs.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Op-Amps & Linear ICs – Ramakanth A. Gayakwad, PHI, 2003.
2. Linear Integrated Circuits –D. Roy Chowdhury, New Age International (p) Ltd, 2nd Ed., 2003.
3. Digital Fundamentals – Floyd and Jain, Pearson Education, 8th Edition, 2005.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Op Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits-Concepts and Applications James M. Fiore, Cengage Learning/ Jaico, 2009.
2. Operational Amplifiers with Linear Integrated Circuits by K.Lal Kishore – Pearson, 2009.
3. Linear Integrated Circuits and Applications – Salivahana, TMH.
4. Modern Digital Electronics – RP Jain – 4/e – TMH, 2010.
5. Digital Design Principles and Practices – John. F. Wakerly 3/e, 2005.
6. Operational Amplifiers with Linear Integrated Circuits, 4/e W illiam D.Stanley, Pearson Education India, 2009.
Course Outcomes:
On completion of this course, the students will have:
A thorough understanding of operational amplifiers with linear integrated circuits.
Understanding of the different families of digital integrated circuits and their characteristics.
Also students will be able to design circuits using operational amplifiers for various applications.
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
III Year B.Tech. ECM-I Sem L T/P/D C
4 -/-/- 4 (A50414) PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS
Objective: To provide the basic concepts of communication systems.
UNIT-I
Introduction : Block diagram of Electrical communication system, Radio communication : Types of communications, Analog, pulse and digital Types of signals, Noise – Types of noise, sources of noise, calculation of noise in Linear systems, and noise figure.
UNIT-II
Amplitude Modulation : Need for modulation, Types of Amplitude modulation, AM, DSB SC, SSB SC, Power and BW requirements, generation of AM, DSB SC, SSB SC, Demodulation of AM : Diod e detec tor, Pro duct demodulation for DSB SC & SSB SC.
Angle Modulation : Frequency & Phase modulations, advantages of FM over AM, Bandwidth consideration, Narrow band and Wide band FM, Comparison of FM & PM.
UNIT- III
Pulse Modulations : Sampling, Nyquist rate of sampling, Sampling theorem for Band limited signals, PAM, regeneration of base band signal, PWM and PPM, Time Diviso n Mu ltip lexing , Freq uenc y Diviso n Mu ltip lexing , Asynchronous Multiplexing.
UNIT- IV
Digital Communication : Advantages, Block diagram of PCM, Quantization, effect of quantization, quantization error, Base band digital signal, DM, ADM, ADPCM and comparison.
Digital Modulation : ASK, FSK, PSK, DPSK, QPSK demodulation, coherent and incoherent reception, Modems.
UNIT-V
Information Theory : Concept of information, rate of information and entropy, Source coding for optimum rate of information, Coding efficiency, Shanon- Fano and Huffman coding.
Error control coding : Introduction, Error detection and correction codes, block codes, convolution codes.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Communication Systems Analog and Digital – R.P. Singh and SD Sapre, TMH, 20th reprint, 2004.
2. Principles of Communications – H. Taub and D. Schilling, TMH, 2003.
REFERENCES:
1. Electronic Communication Systems – Kennedy and Davis, TMH, 4th edition, 2004.
2. Communication Systems Engineering – John. G. Proakis and Masoud Salehi, PHI, 2nd Ed. 2004.
Outcome:
On successful completion of the module students will be able to…
explain the main concepts of analogue and digital communication systems;
analyze and design an AM and FM modulator/demodulator;
explain, discuss, and compare different binary digital modulation techniques;
explain types of noise & effects of noise on communication system
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
III Year B.Tech. ECM-I Sem L T/P/D C
4 -/-/- 4 (A50518) SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
Objectives:
To understanding of software process models such as waterfall and evolutionary models.
To understanding of software requirements and SRS document.
To understanding of different software architectural styles.
To understanding of software testing approaches such as unit testing and integration testing.
To understanding on quality control and how to ensure good quality software.
UNIT- I
Introduction to Software Engineering: The evolving role of software, Changing Nature of Software, legacy software, Software myths.
A Generic view of process: Software engineering- A layered technology, a process framework, The Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI), Process patterns, process assessment, personal and team process models.
Process models: The waterfall model, Incremental process models, Evolutionary process models, Specialized process models, the Unified process.
UNIT- II
Software Requirements: Functional and non-functional requirements, User requirements, System requirements, Interface specification, the software requirements document.
Requirements engineering process: Feasibility studies, Requirements elic itatio n an d an alysis, Requ iremen ts valid atio n, Req uirements management.
System models: Context Models, Behavioral models, Data models, Object models, structured methods.
UNIT- III
Design Engineering: Design process and Design quality, Design concepts, the design model, pattern based software design.
Creating an architectural design: software architecture, Data design, Architectural styles and patterns, Architectural Design, assessing alternative architectural designs, mapping data flow into a software architecture.
Modeling component-level design : Designing class-based components, conducting component-level design, Object constraint language, designing conventional components.
Performing User interface design: Golden rules, User interface analysis and design, interface analysis, interface design steps, Design evaluation.
UNIT- IV
Testing Strategies: A strategic approach to software testing, test strategies for conventional software, Black-Box and W hite-Box testing, Validation testing, System testing, the art of Debugging.
Product metrics: Software Quality, Frame work for Product metrics, Metrics for Analysis Model, Metrics for Design Model, Metrics for source code, Metrics for testing, Metrics for maintenance.
Metrics for Process and Products: Software Measurement, Metrics for software quality.
UNIT- V
Risk management: Reactive vs Proactive Risk strategies, software risks, Risk identification, Risk projection, Risk refinement, RMMM, RMMM Plan.
Quality Management: Quality concepts, Software quality assurance, Software Reviews, Formal technical reviews, Statistical Software quality Assurance, Software reliability, The ISO 9000 quality standards.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Software Engineering A practitioner’s Approach, Roger S Pressman, sixth edition McGrawHill International Edition.
2. Software Engineering, Ian Sommerville, seventh edition, Pearson education.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Software Engineering, A Precise Approach, Pankaj Jalote, W iley India,2010.
2. Software Engineering : A Primer, Waman S Jawadekar, Tata McGraw- Hill, 2008
3. Fundamentals of Software Engineering, Rajib Mall,PHI, 2005 4. Software Engineering, Principles and Practices, Deepak Jain, Oxford
University Press.
5. Software Engineering1: Abstraction and modeling, Diner Bjorner, Springer International edition, 2006.
6. Software Engineering2: Specification of systems and languages, Diner Bjorner, Springer International edition 2006.
7. Software Engineering Fo undations, Yin gxu W ang, Auerb ach
Publications,2008.
8. Software Engineering Principles and Practice, Hans Van Vliet,3rd edition, John Wiley &Sons Ltd.
9. Software Engineering 3:Domains,Requirements,and Software Design, D.Bjorner, Springer International Edition.
10. Introduction to Software Engineering, R.J.Leach, CRC Press.
Outcomes:
1. Ability to identify the minimum requirements for the development of application.
2. Ability to develop, maintain, efficient, reliable and cost effective software solutions
3. Ability to critically thinking and evaluate assumptions and arguments.
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
III Year B.Tech. ECM-I Sem L T/P/D C
4 -/-/- 4 (A50508) DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF ALGORITHMS Objectives:
To analyze performance of algorithms.
To choose the appropriate data structure and algorithm design method for a specified application.
To understand how the choice of data structures and algorithm design methods impacts the performance of programs.
To solve problems using algorithm design methods such as the greedy method, divide and conquer, dynamic programming, backtracking and branch and bound.
Prerequisites (Subjects) Data structures, Mathematical foundations of computer science.
UNIT- I
Introduction: Algorithm, Pseudo code for expressing algorithms, Performance Analysis-Space complexity, Time complexity, Asymptotic Notation- Big oh notation, Omega notation, Theta notation and Little oh notation, Probabilistic analysis, Amortized complexity.
Divide and conquer: General method, applications-Binary search, Quick sort, Merge sort, Strassen’s Matrix Multiplication.
UNIT- II
Searching and Traversal Techniques: Efficient non-recursive binary tree traversal algorithms,
Disjoint set operations, union and find algorithms, Spanning trees, Graph traversals- Breadth first search and Depth first search, AND/OR graphs, game trees, Connected Components, Bi-connected components.
UNIT- III
Greedy method: General method, applications-Job sequencing with deadlines, 0/1 knapsack problem, Minimum cost spanning trees, Single source shortest path problem.
Dynamic Programming: General method, applications-Multistage graphs, Optimal binary search trees,0/1 knapsack problem, All pairs shortest path problem, Traveling sales person problem, Reliability design.
UNIT- IV
Backtracking: General method, applications-n-queen problem, sum of subsets problem, graph coloring, Hamiltonian cycles.
Branch and Bound: General method, applications - Traveling sales person problem,0/1 knapsack problem-LC Branch and Bound solution, FIFO Branch and Bound solution.
UNIT- V
NP-Hard and NP-Complete problems: Basic concepts, Non-deterministic algorithms, NP - Hard and NP- Complete classes, NP-Hard problems, Cook’s theorem.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Fundamentals of Computer Algorithms, 2nd Edition, Ellis Horowitz, Satraj Sahni and S.Rajasekharan, Universities Press, 2008.
2. Foundations of Algorithms, 4th edition, R.Neapolitan and K.Naimipour, Jones and Bartlett Learning.
3. Design and Analysis of Algorithms, P.H.Dave, H.B.Dave, Pearson Education, 2008.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Computer Algorithms, Introduction to Design and Analysis, 3rd Edition, Sara Baase, Allen, Van, Gelder, Pearson Education.
2. Algorithm Design: Foundations, Analysis and Internet examples, M.T.Goodrich and R.Tomassia, John Wiley and sons.
3. Fundamentals of Sequential and Parallel Algorithms, K.A.Berman and J.L.Paul, Cengage Learning.
4. Introduction to the Design and Analysis of Algorithms, A.Levitin, Pearson Education.
5. Introduction to Algorithms,3rd Edition, T.H.Cormen, C.E.Leiserson, R.L.Rivest, and C.Stein, PHI Pvt.Ltd.
6. Design and Analysis of algorithms, Aho, Ullman and Hopcroft, Pearson Education,2004.
Outcomes:
Be able to analyze algorithms and improve the efficiency of algorithms.
Apply different designing methods for development of algorithms to realistic problems, such as divide and conquer, greedy and etc.
Ability to understand and estimate the performance of algorithm.
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
III Year B.Tech. ECM-I Sem L T/P/D C
- -/3/- 2 (A50489) LINEAR AND DIGITAL IC APPLICATIONS LAB Note:
To perform any twelve experiments (choosing at least five from each part).
Verify the functionality of the IC in the given application.
Part-I
Linear IC Experiments
1. OP AMP Applications – Adder, Subtractor, Comparators.
2. Integrator and Differentiator Circuits using IC 741.
3. Active Filter Applications – LPF, HPF (first order)
4. IC 741 Waveform Generators – Sine, Squarewave and Triangular waves.
5. IC 555 Timer – Monostable and Astable Multivibrator Circuits.
6. Schmitt Trigger Circuits – using IC 741.
7. IC 565 – PLL Applications.
8. Voltage Regulator using IC 723, Three Terminal Voltage Regulators – 7805, 7809, 7912.
Part-II
Digital IC Applications 1. 3-8 decoder using 74138 2. 4-bit comparator using 7485.
3. 8*1 Multiplexer using 74151 and 2*4 Demultiplexer using 74155.
4. D, JK Flip Flops using 7474, 7483.
5. Decade counter using 7490.
6. UP/DOWN counter using 74163
7. Universal shift registers using 74194/195.
8. RAM (16*4) using 74189 (Read and Write operations).
EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:
1. 20 MHz/ 40 MHz/60 MHz Oscilloscope.
2. 1 MHz Function Generator (Sine, Square, Triangular and TTL) . 3. Regulated Power Supply.
4. Multimeter / Volt Meter.