CCA1 (61.8%)
6.3. EXPERIMENTS
−1.5 −1.0 −0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5
−1.5−1.0−0.50.00.51.0
CCA1 (55.7%)
CCA2 (41.2%)
run0
run1 run2
run3
run4
run5 run6
attacked
defended beaten
frontFoot backFoot
thirdman squareOff
longOff longOn
squareLeg
fineLeg
good short
full
off middle
spin swing
fast slow
moveIn
moveAway
BallNew
BallMid BallOld
Figure 6.4: Age-of-ball Analysis Triplot of Batsman Steve Smith.
(BallMid), the bowlers tend to bowl good length and moving-away deliveries to Steve Smith, and he defends them or scores no runs.
• Other Rule: When the ball is more than 30 overs old (BallOld), bowlers tend to bowl moving- in or short length deliveries to Steve Smith, and he plays them on the back foot.
Inning Analysis
This external feature describes the inning on which batsman Steve Smith has batted in the matches.
Every Test match has four innings, of which Steve Smith can play any two innings. The consid- ered external features are inning1,inning2,inning3, andinning4. Through CCA analysis, we are
−1 0 1 2
−1012
CCA2 (29.5%)
run0
run2 run1 run3 run4
run5
run6 out
attacked defended
beaten
frontFoot backFoot thirdman
squareOff
longOff
longOn
squareLeg fineLeg
good
short
full off
leg
middle swing spin
fast
slow moveIn moveAway
inning1
inning2
inning3
inning4
Figure 6.5: Inning Analysis Triplot of Batsman Steve Smith.
6. MINING STRENGTH AND WEAKNESS RULES OF CRICKET PLAYERS IN THE PRESENCE OF EXTERNAL FACTORS INFLUENCING THE GAME
−1.5 −1.0 −0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5
−1.0−0.50.00.51.01.5
CCA1 (53.9%)
CCA2 (42.9%)
run0
run1 run2 run3
run4
run6
out attacked
defended
beaten frontFoot
backFoot thirdman
squareOff longOff
longOn
squareLeg
fineLeg good
short full
off
leg middle
spin
swing
fast
slow
moveIn moveAway
session1
session2
session3
Figure 6.6: Session Analysis Triplot of Batsman Steve Smith.
interested in understanding if there is any influence of the inning of play for Steve Smith to exhibit strength rule or weakness rule. Figure 6.5 presents the triplot of inning wise analysis for Steve Smith. The following rules are obtained from this triplot.
• Other Rule: Steve Smith defends or scores no runs on a good length or moving-away deliveries bowled in either first innings or third innings.
Session Analysis
This external feature describes the session on which batsman Steve Smith has batted in the matches.
Each day of the Test match has three sessions. The considered external features are session1, session2, andsession3. Through CCA analysis, we are interested in understanding if there is any influence of the session of play for Steve Smith to exhibit strength rule or weakness rule. Figure 6.6 presents the triplot of session-wise analysis for Steve Smith. The following rules are obtained from this triplot.
• Other Rule: On session 2, bowlers tend to bowl moving-away, swing, or good length deliveries to Steve Smith, and he plays them to the thirdman area.
• Other Rule: On session 3, bowlers tend to bowl moving-in deliveries to Steve Smith, and he plays them on the backfoot.
Pitch Analysis
This external feature describes the pitch conditions on which batsman Steve Smith has batted in the matches. The considered external features aregreen, grass, bounce, pace, slow, turning, swing, flat, and dry (Refer to Section 3.4.2). Through CCA analysis, we are interested in understanding if there is any influence of the pitch conditions for Steve Smith to exhibit strength rule or weakness
run0
run2 run4
out
attacked defended
beaten
backFoot thirdman
squareOff
longOff
squareLeg fineLeg
good short
off middle
spin swing
fast
moveIn moveAway
green
grass
bounce pace spinslow swing flat
dry
Figure 6.7: Pitch Analysis Triplot of Batsman Steve Smith.
−1.5 −1.0 −0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5
−0.50.00.51.01.52.0
CCA1 (59.9%)
CCA2 (29.0%)
run0
run1 run2
run3 run4
run5
run6 out
attacked
defended beaten
frontFoot backFoot
thirdman
squareOff
longOff
longOn squareLeg
fineLeg
good short
full
off
leg
middle
spin swing
fast
slow moveIn
moveAway
rain breeze
moist hot
Figure 6.8: Weather Analysis Triplot of Batsman Steve Smith.
rule. Figure 6.7 presents the triplot of pitch-wise analysis for Steve Smith. The following rules are obtained from this triplot.
• Weakness Rule: Steve Smith gets beaten or losses his wicket on green pitches.
• Other Rule: Steve Smith defends the fast and good length deliveries on the grassy pitch.
Weather Analysis
This external feature describes the weather conditions on which batsman Steve Smith has batted in the matches. The considered external features are rain, breeze, hot, and moist. Through CCA
analysis, we are interested in understanding if there is any influence of the weather condition for Steve Smith to exhibit strength rule or weakness rule. Figure 6.8 presents the triplot of weather-wise analysis for Steve Smith. The following rules are obtained from this triplot.
• Other Rule: In breezy weather, bowlers tend to bowl moving-away deliveries to Steve Smith, and he defends them or plays them to square off position.
6.3.2 Bowling Analysis - Kagiso Rabada
We present the strengths and weaknesses of bowler Kagiso Rabada in the presence of external factors such as day, age-of-ball, inning, session, pitch, and weather. Figure 6.9 presents the triplots depicting the strengths and weaknesses of bowler Kagiso Rabada in the presence of external factors.
Following are a few of the rules obtained from these triplots.
1. Age-of-ball Analysis (Figure 6.9a)
• Other Rule: When the ball is more than 30 overs old (BallOld), Rabada tends to bowl moving-away deliveries to batsmen, and the batsmen defend or play them to the third- man area.
2. Day Analysis (Figure 6.9b)
• Other Rule: On day-1 of a Test match, Rabada tends to bowl fast deliveries to batsmen, and batsmen play them to the thirdman area.
3. Inning Analysis (Figure 6.9c)
• Other Rule: On inning 1 and inning 2, Rabada tends to bowl moving away deliveries.
4. Session Analysis (Figure 6.9d)
• Other Rule: On session 2, Rabada tends to bowl moving-in deliveries to batsmen, and batsmen play them on backfoot.
• Other Rule: On session 3, Rabada tends to bowl good length deliveries to batsmen, and batsmen play them to the thirdman area.
5. Pitch Analysis (Figure 6.9e)
• Other Rule: On the flat pitch, Rabada tends to bowl fast and short length deliveries to batsmen, and batsmen play them on backfoot.
• Other Rule: On the grass pitch, Rabada tends to bowl moving-away deliveries to bats- men, and batsmen defend them.
• Other Rule: On the green pitch, batsmen mostly score no runs on Rabada’s deliveries.
6.3. EXPERIMENTS
good
short
outsideOff
fast
moveIn moveAway
run0 defended
backFoot thirdman
squareOff
BallNew BallMid BallOld
(a) Age-of-ball Analysis Triplot.
−0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
−1.0−0.50.00.51.0
CCA1 (61.8%)
CCA2 (17.3%)
good
short full
outsideOff
leg
middle
spin swing
fast
moveIn moveAway
run0 run1
run2 run3
run4
run5
run6 out
attacked
defended
beaten frontFoot
backFoot thirdman
squareOff
longOff longOn
squareLeg fineLeg
day1day3day2 day4 day5
(b) Day Analysis Triplot.
good
short outsideOff
fast moveIn moveAway
run0
out defended
backFoot thirdman
squareOff
inning1 inning2 inning3
inning4
(c) Inning Analysis Triplot.
−0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5
−1.0−0.50.00.5
CCA1 (53.9%)
CCA2 (42.9%)
good
short
full outsideOff
leg middle
spin
swing
fast
slow
moveIn moveAway
run0
run1 run2
run3
run4
run5
run6 out
attacked defended
beaten frontFoot
backFoot
thirdman
squareOff
longOff longOn
squareLeg fineLeg
session1session2 session3
(d) Session Analysis Triplot.
good
short
outsideOff moveIn fast
moveAway run0
run1
run2 run4
attacked
defended
backFoot thirdman
squareOff
green
grass bounce
pace spinslow
swing flat
dry
(e) Pitch Analysis Triplot.
good
short outsideOff
fast
moveIn moveAway
run0
defended backFoot
thirdman
squareOff
breezerain
moist hot
(f) Weather Analysis Triplot.
Figure 6.9: Bowling Analysis Triplots of Bowler Kagiso Rabada.
6. Weather Analysis (Figure 6.9f)
• Other Rule: On moist weather, Rabada tend to bowl short length deliveries, and batsmen
play them on the backfoot.
• Other Rule: On breezy weather, Rabada tend to bowl fast and moving away deliveries, and batsmen play them to the thirdman area.