Introduction, Image acquisition, Illumination Techniques, Image conversion, Cameras, sensors, Camera and system interface, Frame buffers and Grabbers, Image processing, low level & high level machine vision systems.
Futuristic topics in Robotics
Micro-robotics and MEMS ( Microelecto mechanical systems ), fabrication technology for Micro-robotics, stability issue in legged robots, under-actuated manipulators.
TEXT BOOKS
1) S.R.Deb, “ Robotics Technology and Flexible Automation “, Tata Mc Graw Hill 1994.
2) M.P.Groover, M. Weiss R.N. Nagel, N.G. Odrey “ Industrial Robotics (Technology, Programming and application s) , McGraw, Hill 1996.
3) K.S.Fu, R.C.Gonzalez and C.S.G.Lee,“ Robotics : Control , sensors , vision and intelligence“, McGraw- Hill.1987.
4) J.J.Craig , introduction to Robotics , Addision-wesely 1989.
5) Klafter , Richard D., et al “ Robotics Engineering”,PhI,1996.
6) Zuech,Nello, “Applying Machine Vision” John Wiley and sons, 1988.
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD M. Tech. – I Year –II Sem (EIE)
VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION UNIT- I
Virtual Instrumentation: An introduction
Historical perspective, advantages, block diagram and architecture of a virtual instrument, data-flow techniques, graphical programming in data flow, comparison with conventional programming. Development of Virtual Instrument using GUI, Real-time systems.
UNIT- II
VI programming techniques:
VIs and sub-VIs, loops and charts, arrays, clusters and graphs, case and sequence structures, formula nodes, local and global variables, string and file I/O, Instrument Drivers, Publishing measurement data in the web.
UNIT- III
Data acquisition basics:
Introduction to data acquisition on PC, Sampling fundamentals, Input/Output techniques and buses. ADC, DAC, Digital I/O, counters and timers, DMA, Software and hardware installation, Calibration, Resolution, Data acquisition interface requirements.
UNIT -IV
VI Interface requirements:
Common Instrument Interfaces: Current loop, RS 232C/ RS485, GPIB. Bus Interfaces: USB, PCMCIA, VXI, SCSI, PCI, PXI, Firewire. PXI system controllers, Ethernet control of PXI. Networking basics for office &
Industrial applications, VISA and IVI.
UNIT- V VI toolsets:
Distributed I/O modules. Application of Virtual Instrumentation: Instrument Control, Development of process database management system, Simulation of systems using VI, Development of Control system, Industrial Communication, Image acquisition and processing, Motion control.
TEXTBOOKS
1. LabVIEW Graphical Programming , Gary Johnson, Second edition, McGraw Hill, Newyork, 1997.
2. LabVIEW based Advanced Instrumentation Systems, S. Sumathi and P. Surekha, Spinger.
REFERENCES
1. PC Interfacing and Data Acquisition: Techniques for Measurement, Instrumentation and Control, Kevin James, Newnes, 2000.
2. WEB RESOURCES: www.ni.com.
3. LabVIEW for everyone, Lisa K. wells & Jeffrey Travis Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1997.
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD M. Tech. – I Year –II Sem (EIE)
INDUSTRIAL INSTRUMENTATION (ELECTIVE-III)
UNIT – I METROLOGY
Measurement of length – Plainness – Area – Diameter – Roughness – Angle – Comparators – Gauge blocks. Optical Methods for length and distance measurements.
VELOCITY AND ACCELERATION MEASUREMENT
Relative velocity – Translational and Rotational velocity measurements – Revolution counters and Timers - Magnetic and Photoelectric pulse counting stroboscopic methods.
Accelerometers-different types, Gyroscopes-applications.
UNIT – II
FORCE MEASUREMENT
Force measurement – Different methods –Gyroscopic Force Measurement – Vibrating wire Force transducer.
PRESSURE MEASUREMENT
Basics of Pressure measurement –Manometer types – Force-Balance and Vibrating Cylinder Transducers – High and Low Pressure measurement – McLeod Gage, Knudsen Gage, Momentum Transfer Gages, Thermal Conductivity Gages, Ionization Gazes, Dual Gage Techniques, Deadweight Gauges.
UNIT – III
FLOW MEASUREMENT
Flow Meters- Head type, Area type (Rota meter), electromagnetic type, Positive displacement type, mass flow meter, ultrasonic type, vertex shedding type, Hotwire anemometer type, Laser Doppler Velocity-meter.
UNIT – IV
DENSITY AND VISCOSITY MEASUREMENT
Density measurements – Strain Gauge load cell method – Buoyancy method - Air pressure balance method – Gamma ray method – Vibrating probe method.
Units of Viscosity ,specific gravity scales used in Petroleum Industries, Different Methods of measuring consistency and Viscosity –Two float viscorator –Industrial consistency meter.
UNIT – V
OTHER MEASUREMENTS
Sound-Level Meters, Microphones, Basic Level measurements, Humidity Measurement, Chemical Composition. Particle Instruments and Clean-Room.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Measurement Systems – Applications and Design – by Doeblin E.O., 4/e, McGraw Hill International, 1990.
2. Principles of Industrial Instrumentation – Patranabis D. TMH. End edition 1997 REFERENCES
1. Process Instruments and Control Handbook – by Considine D.M., 4/e, McGraw Hill International, 1993.
2. Mechanical and Industrial Measurements – by Jain R.K., Khanna Publishers, 1986.
3. Instrument Technology, vol. I – by Jones E.B., Butterworths, 1981.
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD M. Tech. – I Year –II Sem (EIE)
SYSTEM ON CHIP ARCHITECTURE (ELECTIVE-III)
UNIT – I:
Introduction to the System Approach
System Architecture, Components of the system, Hardware & Software, Processor Architectures, Memory and Addressing. System level interconnection, An approach for SOC Design, System Architecture and Complexity.
UNIT – II:
Processors
Introduction , Processor Selection for SOC, Basic concepts in Processor Architecture, Basic concepts in Processor Micro Architecture, Basic elements in Instruction handling. Buffers: minimizing Pipeline Delays, Branches, More Robust Processors, Vector Processors and Vector Instructions extensions, VLIW Processors, Superscalar Processors.
UNIT – III:
Memory Design for SOC:
Overview of SOC external memory, Internal Memory, Size, Scratchpads and Cache memory, Cache Organization, Cache data, Write Policies, Strategies for line replacement at miss time, Types of Cache, Split – I , and D – Caches , Multilevel Caches, Virtual to real translation , SOC Memory System , Models of Simple Processor – memory interaction.
UNIT - IV:
Interconnect Customization and Configuration
Inter Connect Architectures, Bus: Basic Architectures, SOC Standard Buses , Analytic Bus Models, Using the Bus model, Effects of Bus transactions and contention time. SOC Customization: An overview, Customizing Instruction Processor, Reconfiguration Technologies, Mapping design onto Reconfigurable devices, Instance- Specific design, Customizable Soft Processor, Reconfiguration - overhead analysis and trade-off analysis on reconfigurable Parallelism.
UNIT – V:
Application Studies / Case Studies
SOC Design approach, AES algorithms, Design and evaluation, Image compression – JEPG compression.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Computer System Design System-on-Chip by Michael J. Flynn and Wayne Luk, Wiely India Pvt.
Ltd.
2. ARM System on Chip Architecture – Steve Furber –2nd Eed., 2000, Addison Wesley Professional.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Design of System on a Chip: Devices and Components – Ricardo Reis, 1st Ed., 2004, Springer 2. Co-Verification of Hardware and Software for ARM System on Chip Design (Embedded Technology)
– Jason Andrews – Newnes, BK and CDROM
3. System on Chip Verification – Methodologies and Techniques –Prakash Rashinkar, Peter Paterson and Leena Singh L, 2001, Kluwer Academic Publishers.
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD M. Tech. – I Year –II Sem (EIE)
ADVANCED DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING (ELECTIVE-III)
UNIT –I:
Review of DFT, FFT, IIR Filters and FIR Filters.
Multi Rate Signal Processing: Introduction, Decimation by a factor D, Interpolation by a factor I, Sampling rate conversion by a rational factor I/D, Multistage Implementation of Sampling Rate Conversion, Filter design & Implementation for sampling rate conversion.
UNIT –II:
Applications of Multi Rate Signal Processing:
Design of Phase Shifters, Interfacing of Digital Systems with Different Sampling Rates, Implementation of Narrow Band Low Pass Filters, Implementation of Digital Filter Banks, Subband Coding of Speech Signals, Quadrature Mirror Filters, Transmultiplexers, Over Sampling A/D and D/A Conversion.
UNIT -III:
Non-Parametric Methods of Power Spectral Estimation: Estimation of spectra from finite duration observation of signals, Non-parametric Methods: Bartlett, Welch & Blackman-Tukey methods, Comparison of all Non-Parametric methods
UNIT –IV:
Implementation of Digital Filters:
Introduction to filter structures (IIR & FIR), Frequency sampling structures of FIR, Lattice structures, Forward prediction error, Backward prediction error, Reflection coefficients for lattice realization, Implementation of lattice structures for IIR filters, Advantages of lattice structures.
UNIT –V:
Parametric Methods of Power Spectrum Estimation: Autocorrelation & Its Properties, Relation between auto correlation & model parameters, AR Models - Yule-Walker & Burg Methods, MA & ARMA models for power spectrum estimation, Finite word length effect in IIR digital Filters – Finite word-length effects in FFT algorithms.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithms & Applications - J.G.Proakis & D. G. Manolakis, 4th Ed., PHI.
2. Discrete Time Signal Processing - Alan V Oppenheim & R. W Schaffer, PHI.
3. DSP – A Practical Approach – Emmanuel C. Ifeacher, Barrie. W. Jervis, 2 ed., Pearson Education.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Modern Spectral Estimation: Theory & Application – S. M .Kay, 1988, PHI.
2. Multi Rate Systems and Filter Banks – P.P.Vaidyanathan – Pearson Education.
3. Digital Signal Processing – S.Salivahanan, A.Vallavaraj, C.Gnanapriya, 2000,TMH
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD M. Tech. – I Year –II Sem (EIE)
PLC & ITS APPLICATIONS (ELECTIVE-IV) UNIT – I:
Programmable logic controller (PLC) basics:
Definition, overview of PLC systems, input/output modules, power supplies and isolators.Basic PLC programming Programming on-off inputs/ outputs. Creating Ladder diagrams Basic PLC functions PLC Basic Functions, register basics, timer functions, counter functions.
UNIT – II:
PLC intermediate functions:
Arithmetic functions, number comparison functions, Skip and MCR functions, data move systems. Utilizing digital bits, sequencer functions, matrix functions. PLC Advanced functions: Analog PLC operation, networking of PLC, PLC-PID functions.
UNIT – III:
Related Topics
Alternate programming languages. Auxiliary commands and functions. PLC installation, troubleshooting and maintenance. Field bus: Introduction, concept. HART protocol: Method of operation, structure, and applications. Smart transmitters, smart valves and smart actuators.
UNIT IV:
Encoders, Transducers, and Advanced Sensors
Introduction, Temperature, Liquid Level, Force, Pressure/Vacuum, Flow, Angle Position Sensors, Absolute Encoder, Linear Displacement, PID in Programmable Logic Controllers, Tuning the PID, The “Adjust and Observe” Tuning Method, The Ziegler-Nichols Tuning Method
UNIT V:
Motor controls:
AC Motor Starter, AC Motor Overload Protection, DC Motor Controller, Variable Speed (Variable Frequency) AC Motor Drive,Implementation of PLC to control AC and DC motor.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. John. W .Webb Ronald A Reis , Programmable Logic Controllers – Principles and Applications, Fourth edition, Prentice Hall Inc., New Jersey, 1998.
2. PC Based Instrumentation and Control Third Edition by Mike Tooley ; Elsevier REFERENCES:
1. Computer Control of Processes – M.Chidambaram. Narosa 2003
2. PC Interfacing and Data Acquisition Techniques for Measurement, Instrumentation and Control. By Kevin James; Elsevier
3. Practical Data Acquisition for Instrumentation and Control Systems by John Park and Steve Mackay 4. Distributed Control Systems, Lukcas M.P, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York, 1986.
5. Programmable Logic Controllers, Second edition, Frank D. Petruzella, McGraw Hill, Newyork, 1997.
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD M. Tech. – I Year –II Sem (EIE)
FIBER OPTIC AND LASER INSTRUMENTATION (ELECTIVE - IV)
Unit -I:
Optical fibers and their properties
Introduction to Optical Fibers - principles of light propagation through a fiber – Different types of fibers and their properties –Transmission characteristics of optical fiber –Absorption losses – Scattering losses – Dispersion- advantages and disadvantages of optical fibers.
Light sources and detectors
Light sources for fiber optics, photo detectors, source coupling, splicing and connectors.
Unit-II:
Laser Fundamentals
Fundamental characteristics of Lasers – Three level and four level lasers – Properties of Laser and Laser modes – Resonator configuration – Q-switching and Mode locking – Cavity dumping – Types of lasers: Gas lasers, Solid lasers, Liquid lasers – Semi conductor lasers.
Unit-III:
Industrial Applications of Optical fibers
Fiber optic sensors – Fiber optic Instrumentation system - Interferometric method of measurement of length - Moire fringes – Measurement of pressure, temperature, current, voltage, liquid level and strain. Fiber optic gyroscope – polarization maintaining fibers - applications.
Laser Instrumentation
Industrial applications of lasers – Laser Doppler Velocity meter – Laser heating Unit-IV: Holography
Holography – Basic principle; methods, Holographic Components, Holographic Interfercmetry and Applications, Holography for Non-destructive Testing
Unit-V: Medical Applications of Laser
Medical Applications Lasers - Laser and Tissue interaction, Laser instruments for surgery, Removal of tumors of vocal cords, Brain surgery, Plastic surgery, Gynecology, Oncology, Dermatology and Ophthalmology.
Opto-Electronic Components
Magneto Optic and Acoustic – optic and other types of Optical Modulators – Detectors – Application in Instrumentation
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Industrial Applications of Lasers, John F ready, Academic Press 1978 2. Laser Applications, MonteRoss, McGraw Hill, 1968
3. Semi Conductor Opto-electronics, Jasprit Singh, McGraw Hill, 1995
4. Optical Electronics Foundation Book, Ghatak A.K. and Thiagarajar K, TMH, New Delhi, 1991 5. Industrial Lasers and their Applications, John and Harvy Industry, Academic Press.
6. Lasers and Applications, Guimaran W.O.N & Mooradian A, - Spinger Verlag.
7. Laser Electronics, Verdeyn JT, - Prentice Hall.
8. Lasers in Industries, Charaschan SS, Van
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD M. Tech. – I Year –II Sem (EIE)
MEMS & APPLICATIONS (ELECTIVE-IV) Unit I:
Introduction to MEMS: MEMS ;Use of MEMS. Fabrication process.
The Substrate and adding material to it: Introduction, The silicon substrate, Additive technique: Oxidation, Additive technique: Physical vapour deposition, other additive techniques.
Unit II:
MEMS Fabrication:
Creating and transferring patterns- Photolithography: Introduction, Keeping it clean, Photoresist, Working with resist, masks, Resolution, Permanent resists.
Creating structures-Micromachining: Introduction, Bulk Micromachining processes, Surface Micromachining, Process Integration.
Unit III:
MEMS Transducers: I
Thinking about modelling: What is modeling? Units, The input-output concept, Physical variables and notation, preface to the modeling chapters.
MEMS Transducers-An overview of how they work: What is a transducer? Distinguishing between sensors and actuators, Response characteristics of transducers, MEMS Sensors: Principles of operation, MEMS Actuators: Principles of operation, Signal conditioning, RF applications and Optical applications.
Piezoresistive transducers: Introduction, Modeling Piezoresistive transducers, Piezoresistive pressure sensor.
Unit IV:
MEMS Transducers: II
Capacitive transducers: Introduction, Capacitor fundamentals, Modeling a capacitor sensor, Capacitive accelerometer.
Unit V:
MEMS Transducers: III
Piezoelectric transducers: Introduction, Modeling piezoelectric materials, Mechanical modelling of beams and plates, Cantilever piezoelectric actuator.
Thermal transducers: Introduction,Basic heat transfer, Hot-arm actuator.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Introductory MEMS Fabrication and Applications.
References:
1. MEMS and microsystems: Design and manufacture, Tai-Ran Hsu, McGraw-Hill, 2002.
2. MEMS: Applications Mohamed Gad-el-Hak, CRC Press, 29-Nov-2005.