PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY – V (Medicinal Chemistry – II)
Course Code: BPH 603 Marks: 100
Credits: 04 (L-3, T-1 hours/week) UNIT I
Classification, mode of action, uses and structure activity relationship of the following classes of drugs.
Synthesis of those compounds only exemplified against each class.
1. Steroids: General study on Steroidal nomenclature and stereochemistry, Androgens and anabolic agents, Estrogens and progestational agents: Androstendione, Testosterone, Progesterone, Diethyl Stilbesterol, Oestrone
2. CNS Stimulants: Pemoline, Methylphenidate UNIT II
Classification, mode of action, uses and structure activity relationship of the following classes of drugs.
Synthesis of those compounds only exemplified against each class.
1. General Anaesthetics : Ananesthetic ether, Halothane, Thiopental sodium.
2. Local Anaestahetics : Benzocaine, Procaine, Lignocaine, Dibucaine.
3. Hypnotics and Sedatives: Phenobarbitone, Cyclobarbitone, Glutethimide, Diazepam
UNIT III
Classification, mode of action, uses and structure activity relationship of the following classes of drugs.
Synthesis of those compounds only exemplified against each class.
1. Anticonvulsants : Phenytoin, Ethosuximide, Primidone, Carbamazepine 2. Opioid analgesics and narcotic antagonist: Pethidine, Methadone, Nalorphine 3. Antiparkinsonism drugs: Levodopa, Amantidine
UNIT IV
Classification, mode of action, uses and structure activity relationship of the following classes of drugs.
Synthesis of those compounds only exemplified against each class.
1. Antipsychotic, Antidepressant and Anxiolytics: Chlorpromazine, Chlorprothixene, Haloperidol, Imipramine, Phenelzine, Chlordiazepoxide, Buspirone
2. Diuretics: Acetazolamide, Chlorthiazide, Hydrochlorthiazide, Furosemide, Ethacrynic acid 3. Hypolipidemic Agents: Cholestipol, Probucol, Gemfibrozil
UNIT V
Classification, mode of action, uses and structure activity relationship of the following classes of drugs.
Synthesis of those compounds only exemplified against each class.
1. Cardiovascular drugs: Clonidine, Methyldopa, Procainamide, Nifedipine, Isosorbide dinitrate, Prazocin, clofibrate.
2. Oral anticoagulant: Warfarin, Dicoumarol
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Foye, W.C. “Principles of Medicinal Chemistry” Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia
2. Wilson and Giswold’s “Textbook of Organic, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry” J.
Lippincott Co., Philadelphia.
3. Burger’s Medicinal Chemistry, John Wiley and Sons, Newyark 4. D Sriram, P Yogeeswari, Medicinal Chemistry, Pearson, Delhi
5. A Kar, Medicinal Chemistry, New Age International (P) Ltd Publishers, New Delhi.
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY – V (Medicinal Chemistry – II) PRACTICAL
Course Code: BPH 604 Marks: 100
Credits: 02(3 hours/week)
1. Synthesis of selected drugs from the course content
2. Monographs of selected official drugs including identification tests and tests for purity
PHARMACOGNOSY-III
Course code: BPH 605 Marks: 100
Credits: 04 (L-3, T-1 hours/week) UNIT I
1. General methods of isolation and preliminary phytochemical screening of Alkaloids.
UNIT II
1. Study of the biological source, cultivation, collection, macroscopic, microscopic features, chemical constituents, chemical tests , adulterants, uses, of following group of drugs containing:
a) Saponins: Liquorice and ginseng.
b) Cardioactive sterols: Digitalis and strophanthus c) Anthraquinone cathartics: Senna, rhubarb.
d) Others: Gentian and chirata UNIT III
1. Biological sources, preparation, identification tests and uses of the following enzymes:
Diastase, papain, pepsin, and trypsin.
2. Study of natural adaptogens and Immunomodulators.
UNIT IV
1. Introduction to general isolation guide of bio-active agents from crude plants extracts.
UNIT V
1. An introduction to poisonous plants in India.
2. Novel medicinal agents from marine sources.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS:
1. Textbook of Pharmacognosy by C.K.Kokate and D.P.Purohit (Nirali Prakashan, Pune) 2. Trease G.E. and Evans w.e., Pharmacognosy (Baillere Tindall, Eastbourne)
3. Tyler V.E., Brady L.R. and Robbers J.E., Pharmacognosy (Len & Febiger, Philadelphia) 4. Pharmacognosy by T.E. Wallis(CBS Publisher, New Delhi)
5. Staba E.J., Plant Tissue Culture as a source of Bio-medicinals (CRS PRESS Florida, 1980) PHARMACOGNOSY-III PRACTICAL
Course code: BPH 606 Marks: 100
Credits: 02 (3 hours/ week)
1. Introduction of different extraction process of crude drugs and comparative analysis of their
% yields and optimisation.
2. Separation process of bio-active agents of crude drug extracts by chromatographic techniques and solvent fractionation and chemical precipitate techniques.
3. Isolation of Bio-active fractions by column chromatography.
4. Specific identification tests for some crude drugs listed in theory.
PHARMACOLOGY – II
Course code: BPH 607 Marks: 100
Credits: 3 (L-3 hours/week) UNIT I
1. Pharmacology of CVS: General consideration, CHF and Cardiac glycosides, Antihypertensive drugs, Antianginal drugs, Antiarrhythmics, Antihyperlipidemics.
UNIT II
1. Drugs Acting on Haemopoeitic System: Haematinics, Vitamin K and haemostatic agents, and anticoagulants, Fibrinolytics and antiplatelet drugs, Plasma Volume expanders
2. Drugs Acting on Respiratory System: Anti-asthmatic drugs, Anti-tussives and Expectorants, Respiratory Stimulants
UNIT III
1. Autacoids: Histamine, 5HT and their antagonists, Prostaglandins, Thromboxane, Leukotrienes non-steroidal analgesic, anti-inflammatory agents, Angiotensin and Bradykinin
UNIT IV
1. Drugs acting on GIT: Antacids and Antiulcer drugs, Laxatives and antidiarrhoeal Agents, Emetics and antiemetics
2. Drug acting on urinary system: Diuretics, Antidiuretics.
UNIT V
1. Basic principles of bioassays, radioimmunoassay, enzyme immunoassays, official bioassays of oxytocin, vasopressin, insulin and digitalis. Preclinical toxicity studies.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS:
1. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology by K.D.Tripathy
2. Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutic by Sathoskar and Bhandarkar 3. Pharmacology by Prasun K.Das, S.K.Bhattacharya and P.Sen.
4. Text Book of Pharmacology by S.D. Stethi
5. The Pharmacological basis of Therapeutics by Goodman and Gillman 6. Pharmacology by Rang, Dale and Ritter.
7. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology by B.G.Katzung.
PHARMACOLOGY – II PRACTICAL
Course code: BPH 608 Marks: 100
Credits: 02 (3 hours / week)
Experiments on Isolated Preparations; (Software basis)
(a) To record the dose response curve (DRC) of acetylcholine using rectus abdominis muscle of frog.
(b) To study the effects of physostigmine and d-tubocurarine on the DRC of acetylcholine using rectus abdominis muscle preparation of frog.
(c) To record the DRC of histamine on isolated loop of guinea pig ileum.
(d) To calculate the pA2, value of mepyramine or chlorpheniramine using histamine as agonist on isolated loop of guinea pig ileum.
(e) To estimate the strength of the test sample of agonist/drug (e.g. Acetylcholine, Histamine) using a suitable isolated muscle preparation employing matching bioassay, Bracketing assay. Three point assay and four point bioassay.
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
Course code: BPH 609 Marks: 100
Credits: 03 (L-3 hours/week) UNIT I
1. Immunology and Immunological Preparations : Principles of immunology, antigens, antibodies and haptens, Immune system- cellular and humoral immunity, immunological tolerance, antigen-antibody reactions and their applications, Hypersensitivity, Active and passive immunization, Preparation, standardization and storage of immunological products.
UNIT II
1. Genetic Code and Protein synthesis: Genetic code, components of protein synthesis, inhibition of protein synthesis. Brief account of protein engineering and polymerase chain reactions. Regulation of gene expression.
2. Genetic Recombination : Gene cloning and its applications. Development of hybridoma for monoclonal antibodies. Study of drugs produced by biotechnology such as Activase, Humulin, Humatrope etc.
UNIT III
1. Microbial Transformation: Introduction, types of reactions mediated by micro-organisms, design of biotransformation process, selection of organisms, biotransformation process and its improvements with special reference to steroids.
2. Antibiotics: Historical development of antibiotics. Antimicrobial spectrum and methods used for their standardization. Fermenter, its design, control of different parameters. Design of fermentation process, Isolation of fermentation products with special reference to penicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline and vitamin B12.
UNIT IV
1. Enzyme immobilization: Techniques of immobilization of enzymes, factors affecting enzyme kinetics, study of enzymes such as hyaluronidase, pencillinase, streptokinase and streptodornase, amylases and proteases etc. Immobilization of bacteria and plant cells.
UNIT V
1. Blood Products and Plasma Substitutes : Collection, processing and storage of whole human blood, concentrated human RHCs, dried human plasma, human fibrinogen, human thrombin, human normalimmunoglobulin, human fibrin, foam plasma substitutes, ideal requirements, PVP, dextran etc. for control of blood pressure as per I.P.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS:
1. Industrial Microbiology by Casida.
2. Industrial Microbiology by A.H. Patel.
3. Industrial microbiology by Prescott and Dunn.
4. Pharmaceutical Biotechnology by Vyas and Dixit.
5. Molecularbiology and Genetic Engineering by A.M.Narayanan, A.M.Selvaraj, A.Mani 6. Text Book of Microbiology by Anantanarayana and Panicker.
7. Concepts in Biotechnology by Balasubramanium.
8. Molecular Biotechnology by Glick.
9. Molecular Biotechnology by Gingold.