View of ADOPTION OF IMPROVED PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF MUSTARD BY THE FARMERS OF DISTRICT BHADOHI, UP

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ACCENT JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ECOLOGY & ENGINEERING

Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal IMPACT FACTOR: 2.104 (INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL) (ISSN NO. 2456-1037) Vol. 03, Issue 09,September 2018 Available Online: www.ajeee.co.in/index.php/AJEEE

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ADOPTION OF IMPROVED PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF MUSTARD BY THE FARMERS OF DISTRICT BHADOHI, UP

Pradeep Kumar Yadav and Dr. N.K. Mishra

Dept of Agriculture, Extension Education, TDPG College, Jaunpur, UP, India

Abstract- Five attributes were studied to know the farmers’ status on mustard production in the study area. These were farming experience, Social participation, participation of farmers in different extension activities, level of knowledge about mustard production technology, Extent of adoption level of improved production technology of mustard. Majority of farmers were of medium category followed by low and high categories. It was observed found that majority of farmers are influenced with traditional practices and few of them are innovative in adopting newly recommended technologies of mustard cultivation. Therefore, intensive extension effort is strictly needed to educate and motivate the farmers in adoption of latest technologies in the study area.

Keywords: Adoption, Innovation, participation, mean, technology, traditional.

Mustard (Brassica spp.) is a member of the Cruciferae family. Indian mustard (Brassica junceaL.) is predominantly cultivated in Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Panjab, Orissa, West Bengal, Assam and Gujarat. It is also grown under some non traditional areas of South India including Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh. The crop can be raised well under both irrigated and rainfed conditions.

In India, it is grown in 23 states and union territories. Of the total production (6.82 mt.) of the country, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Haryana accounts for over 71%. Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh are the major mustard producing States in the country. Together, they produce about 50%

of the crop. In Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, and Madhya Pradesh, it is grown mainly as a catch crop.

Uttar Pradesh accounts for 10.85% and 11.19% of area and production, respectively in the country with the average yield of 11.49 q/ha which is equivalent to the national average (11.17q/ha).

In recent years, cultivation of oil seed is very popular due to non availability of cooking oil & high price of oil. The various extension agencies are continuously making efforts to create awareness among the farmers about cultivation of oil seed. Govt. Institutes, Non Govt. Organizations, Private agencies and KVK are playing major role for promoting the cultivation of oil seed and conducting Training programme, Exhibition, Kisan Mela, Sangosthi and other programme for

dissemination of information about cultivation of oil seed with low cost and environmentally safe condition. Mustard has been a traditionally important oilseed crop in the India.

Adoption is regarded as very similar to the learning process. As it also belong about a relatively enduring behavioral change in the individual. But that adoption as a process was not recognized in the early period. Adoption is a decision to make full use of an innovation as the best course of action available. The north central rural sociology subcommittee for the study of diffusion of farm practices (1955) identified five stages of the adoption process which received world-wide attention. The adoption of a new technology may have implications for the rest of the farming system, and these attendant changes may be examined in an adoption study. Researchers were pleased to see the widespread adoption of a new variety, for instance, but what effects does this change have on the use of other varieties and the genetic diversity in farmer’s fields in other cases, the adoption of a new variety may bring about significant changes in other management practices.

1 MATERIALS AND METHODS

The study was conducted in Bhadohi district of Uttar Pradesh. This district covers an area of1,055.99 sq.kms. This district is situated in the plains of the Ganges River, which forms the southwestern border of the district. Ganges, Varuna and Morva are the main rivers. The district is surrounded by Jaunpur district

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2 to the north, Varanasi district to the east, Mirzapur district to the south, and Allahabad district to the west. The study was conducted purposively in Abholi block of Bhadohi district due to maximum area under mustard cultivation. A list of the villages of the selected block was prepared and 10 villages were selected with the help of simple random sampling method for the study. After the selection of the villages, a village wise list of the mustard growing farmers was prepared and 10 farmers from each village were selected randomly. Thus, the total sample was comprises of 100 farmers.

The adoption behavior about mustard production technology refers to the extent of adoption of recommended improved farm practices. The questions related to improved varieties, seed rate, seed treatment, sowing time & methods, recommended dose of chemical fertilizers, and plant protection etc. were selected. The data for the study were collected with the help of structured interview schedule by personal interview methodin 2018. Three point scale was developed for distribution of respondents into three categories. The weightage of 3 for complete adoption, 2 for partial adoption and 1 for no adoption of each practice was assigned. The respondents

were classified into low, medium and high on the basis of mean ± S.D.

2 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

2.1 Distribution of respondents according to their Farming experience Data were collected on the basis of farming experience by the respondents in farming activities of the study area concerned and presented in Table -1.

Table: 1. Distribution of respondents according to their farming experience.

(n=100)

The data presented in table -1 shows the experience of growers in mustard cultivation. It reveals that 48 per cent of growers had high level of experience, 35 per cent had medium and remaining 17 per cent had low level of experience.

Thus, it can be concluded that nearly (48 %) of growers had high experience of mustard cultivation.

2.2 Distribution of respondents according to their Social participation:

Data were collected on the basis of social participation by the respondents in different social and community related activities of the study area concerned and presented in Table -2.

Table: 2. Distribution of respondents according to their social participation.

(n=100)

The data presented in Table -2 indicate that maximum (60%) of the respondents had medium social participation. The percentages of

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3 participation regarding to the low and high level of social participation were observed 26 and 14 per cent, respectively. Therefore, it may be stated that the most of the respondents has medium social participation. Regarding social participation, majority of the respondents (60%) had medium participation in social organization. This might be due to limited social activities conducted in the selected area. This finding finds support with the work of Singh (2003), Kawaleet al. (2003), and Rajput (2005).

2.3. Distribution of respondents according to their Extension participation:

Data were collected on the basis of extension participation by the farmers in different extension activities of the area concerned and presented in Table -3.

Table: 3.Distribution of respondents according to their extension

participation. (n=100)

Table 3.portrays the percentage distribution of extension participation of the respondents. It is obvious from the table that out of total respondents, majority 63 per cent had medium level of extension participation, while 19 per cent had low and only 18 per cent had high level of extension participation. Hence, it may be concluded that majority (63 %) of the respondents had medium extension participation.

2.4 Distribution of respondents according to their Level of knowledge The level of knowledge on the selected practices of mustard possessed by farmers were worked out on the basis of scores obtained on each item of practices. The scores of 1, 2 and 3 were allotted for low,

partial and complete knowledge of each item of practices respectively.

The summated score represents the extent of knowledge on mustard production practices of a respondent. The data presented in table 4. depict the knowledge level on the basis of scores obtained by the respondents on selected mustard production practices.

Table: 4. Distribution of respondents according to their knowledge

level.(n=100)

A higher percentage of growers (56%) possess medium knowledge of mustard production practices and almost the remaining percentage of growers (24%) were from high level of knowledge group.

However, only 20% were belonged to low knowledge group. That might be due to communication contact and the mustard growers were in regular touch with the social network. This finding finds support with the work of Singh and Sharma (2005), Sonare (2008) and Kushwaha (2008).

Thus, it can be concluded that majority of the respondents (56 %) were possessing medium level of knowledge regarding mustard production practices.

2.5 Extend of adoption level of improved production technology of mustard by the respondents.

The distribution of the respondents according to their extent of adoption (overall) of selected mustard production technologies is shown in Table-5

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4 Table: 5 Extent of adoption level of

improved production technology of mustard (n=100)

It was observed from the data presented in Table 5 that most of the trained farmers (52 %) belonged to medium adoption category about recommended production technology of mustard, whereas, 28 and 20 per cent of them in low and high adoption categories of mustard production technologies, respectively. That might be due to their medium level of knowledge about the recommended package and innovativeness. The respondents were found to be of some traditional in nature to adopt new technology. Similar findings were reported by Jadhav et al. (2004) and Sachanet al. (2005).

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Adopotion of recommended onion production technology. Gujarat Journal of Extension Education. 15(2):44-46

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