Coma Patient Health Monitoring System Using IoT

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Copyright to IJARSCT DOI: 10.48175/568 686 Impact Factor: 6.252

Coma Patient Health Monitoring System Using IoT

Sharmilee K.¹, Pavithra P.², Pravin S. A.³, Senthil Kumar K.⁴ Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering¹ UG Student, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering^2,3,4

Nandha Engineering College, Erode, Tamilnadu, India [email protected]¹, [email protected]², [email protected]³, [email protected]⁴

Abstract: The IoT (Internet of Things) is a huge chapter of unique, social, and financially well supports. IoT involves in different fields like medical circumstances environment, Automobile, Manufacturing companies, and so on. The principle procedure of this healthcare IoT with equipment interface. Nowadays, for coma patient a DSNDV (Dynamic Service Non-Dependency verification) has been done by utilizing IoT. The important goal of IoT is to set up an online application to connect with a web server in a proved way for coma patients. The suggested system uses a heterogeneous between a sensor hub and an Internet hub and this plan is undefined against different condition.

Keywords: Cloud server, Raspberry pi, Healthcare Monitoring, IoT, Sensors

I.INTRODUCTION

In the last period heath related issues are raising more and more everyday life at very high speed every day. In this health issues one of the major issues are coma. Coma is a state of continuous sleeping unconsciousness is an indirect government of preserving rest where a single patient can’t be disturbed; he fails to react normally to severe upgrades, lights, or sound; it comes up slowly on a regular wake-rest cycle; and does not start intended activities. Coma patients can’t purposely feel, talk or do movement. There are many different things brought about issues, for example, coma patient will have a maximum problem to the head that seriously damage the cerebrum. Also, it will harm mind because of lack of oxygen for a really long time, and taking a more medicine or different medication, might be because of irregular habitual in the body. Then and now the single coma patient in a state of highly inactive state can react to the outside environment by conscious, for example, he may open his/her eye in light of sun. In fact, that a person in a state of extreme inactive state seems normal however they can’t feel/react to the outside climates. Since the actual movement of firm plant type individuals are uncommon, there is a need for regular consideration and care. New innovation will consistently make things easier and straighter and the human existence a lot number to bear. The innovation will authorize the large number of fields; in the large number of fields one of the much-needed significant field is medical field. IoMT (Internet of Medical Things) it is a much-needed innovation to be added in medical healthcare field. Then IoMT and IoT are ecosystem of inter connected sensors, medical devices, wearable devices, and, cloud servers, climate systems and applications that can connect medical reports, health care database using network technologies for example, Firebase (Cloud Server).

II. LITERATURE SURVEY

Under the topic literature survey, we had analyzed that the previously existed models and their works are dealing with review and monitoring of health of coma patients. There are many uninterrupted monitoring system technologies available in the health care field in that many systems one of them is life scope VISMOPVM-2703. The device VISMOPVM-2703 which is mostly used to record temperature and monitor ECG, pulse respiration, NIBP. A big screen makes easy and intuitive to do operations. But it is very expensive. Also, we have some disadvantages in this system for example, the medical staffs need to write the parameters of patients manually for every 10 minutes which can lead to error while recording in step1. Author in step2, monitors different parameters of coma patient using PIV μc 8051. Later to avoid this a Zigbee [RF4CE] has been invented n implemented to support remote monitoring. The sensors in the Zigbee collect the information of coma patients and it gives analysed report to the doctors. Zigbee is connected to the μc. Zigbee is used to transfer the output of the patient to the receiver side. The main disadvantage of this technique is, it sends data only to nearer place. In step3, author propose a health care monitoring system by using Raspberry-pi. It mainly focusses

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on ECG. It also uses Zigbee prototype. In step4, author presents a movement track sensor technique. It uses LPC2148 ARM controller which needs hardware to connect to the network. This facility is in-built in raspberry-pi so they use this.

In step5, author presents a model in the field of health care that driven technology for automotive and cognitive IoT based system. Drawback of this model is lacking of analysis and may be expensive because of design.

III. PROPOSED SYSTEM

As we all know that coma is an unconscious state. In unconscious state the coma patient cannot feel or respond to any things like light, pain and sound, it also does not pull/start to step forward in any actions. Blood pressure, temperature, humidity and urine level of the coma patient need to have a continuous update. To keep regular updates of multiple patients at the same time by doing manually can become almost difficult. In order to handle this situation our proposed system becomes a rescue option. This system will collect the data of patients with the aid of sensors. The sensor we used in this system will use WIFI to communicate this information to internet. We used Raspberry-pi in this system to track the blood pressure and to check urinary level we used ultrasonic sensor, temperature sensor, motion sensor, and to display the signal we used LCD monitor. At any time if we turn on the system, it automatically gets connected to the server by Wi-Fi, system monitor mentions four labels namely temperature, heartbeat rate, urine output, and humidity level. The heart rate and BP value gets uploaded over IoT and viewed in LCD display, while testing the heart beat rate function of system. The urine cannot be outlet by themselves who is in coma condition so we used rubber tubes which is fixed into their bladder to outlet the patient’s urine. This system updates the value over IoT and LCD display and also tests urine level when the patient urinates. In case the patient comes back to consciousness and attempts to do any movement, the sensor we used in our system will detect the patient movement and update it over IoT (cloud server) and LCD display.

In this way only our system monitors the coma patients and their data.

Figure 1: Proposed system architecture

VI. METHODOLOGY

The consists of different sensors proposed by health monitoring system which are divided into two categories. One is used to detect any physical changes occurs in coma patients and second is used for monitoring vitals of the coma patients.

Temperature and Blood pressure are the two vital records and the monitor to understand healthy status of a comatose.

Another two sensors are Ultrasonic and PIR sensor. They are used to detect any physical changes that occurs in a comatose. To understand the body functioning by monitoring and recording the data which provided by these signals without any fluctuations. If the range of signals gets outside the normal range, then there should be some care to higher level of treatment has to be taken.

4.1 Hardware Description

In Raspberry-Pi device handle all sensors with the help of IoT server, that provide services and control over the network.

The hardware system include:

 Blood pressure sensor: Using this sensor we are able to calculate the BP of Patient [SUNROM – 1437].

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 Temperature sensor: We can calculate the temperature of sensor [LM 35] using this sensor.

 Ultrasonic sensor: To know about urine level [HCSR04], movement, and blink of eye.

 PIR Sensor: Using this sensor we are able to detect patient Heart Beat.

 Pulse Rate Sensor: sensor has two surfaces, on the first surface, ambient light sensor is connected & the light- emitting diode.

The data which are generated by sensors that are transmitted to raspberry -pi through 12C. The data is then sent to the IoT server. Following the receipt of data from sensors, the data signal will be shown at regular intervals. Simultaneously, it will process the data, and if the results and clinical tests are in the risk-free range, the system will send an alert message to the concerned doctor or any other medical personnel.

Fig 2: Methodology used in Proposed System.

4.2 Software Description

Firebase is an IoT based data analysis web server package that allows us to unite, imagination and estimate the data information to store in the cloud server. Firebase are very quick instantly visualize the data sent by your devices to web server (Firebase). By Firebase the IoT linked devices are used to perform online data transfer and examine the data.

Firebase is also a 'cloud' based connecting server. Firebase has many features such as MATLAB analysis, App integration, collection of information’s in private channels and sharing that information on to the public channel, and visualization, and worldwide community. Twilio is cloud communication-based web server. The API enables to create and receive voice and video calls, send and receive text as well as voice messages, and perform other communication functions for global scale.

Figure 3: Flow Chart Design

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Volume 2, Issue 1, March 2022

4.3 FEATURES OF PROPOSED SYSTEM:

1. 24/7 monitoring of coma patient.

2. The recording of the patient’s data will be continuous.

3. Low in cost.

4. Less in Power consumption.

5. No need of continuous human attention.

6. The speed of communication between the doctor and patient is very high.

7. The doctor may simply keep track of the patient from anywhere in the world, at any time.

8. System is completely movable.

9. Reduce in time.

10. All data are stored in database, so that we will cannot lose any data.

V. PROPOSED MODEL

Figure 4: Block Diagram

5.1 Temperature

The output of the body temperature will be detected using LM35 sensor. The normal temperature is around 30 Degree Celsius to 37 Degree Celsius foe adults including children above10 years. We use GSM module to send the data output to doctor via SMS. If the temperature goes above 37 or below 32 Degree Celsius, then the alert will be transmitted to concern doctor.

Figure 5: Temperature

5.2 Pulse Rate

The pulse rate is monitored by PIR sensor, and pulse rate sensor the output will be shown in Firebase IoT platform.

The normal heart rate is around 60 beats p/m to 120 beats p/m for adults including children above 10 years. Fig.6 show the interval between two successful graph indicates the heart pulse rate with regular cardiac beat. When the pulse rate goes to zero, then it indicated as a flat line. When the output shows flat line because of zero pulse rate alert messages are sent to the concern doctor.

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Figure 6: Pulse Rate Output

5.3 Angle Movement

The movement of the patient is monitored by PIR sensor. Fig.7 & Fig.8 These sensors detects the patient’s movements and will be updated in Firebase.

Figure 7: Angle Movement 1

Figure 8: Angle Movement 2

VI. CONCLUSION

IoT techniques with medical related systems are without a doubt which is the main advancement of future IoT. Many researchers have examined on different research issues on merging IoT after well observing of sensor advances. At present days, the many researchers are being made to merge these advancements on the parallel IoT stages in various fields/sources. Different to usual investigation which gives IoT stages at the design level, just this investigation suggests a working model of a sensor information which stores on the SQL server. Moreover, in future the IoT will dominant the world in all aspects and it becomes the much-needed platform in medical field. The server to store the information in cloud is SQL server. This stage of IoT is highly recommended in Corporate World. These has both advantages and disadvantages.

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