View of “COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERSONALITY AND SELF-ESTEEM OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS AND VARIOUS SUBJECT TEACHERS OF KASHMIR VALLEY

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Vol.03, Issue 04, April 2018, Available Online: www.ajeee.co.in/index.php/AJEEE

1 “COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERSONALITY AND SELF-ESTEEM OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS AND VARIOUS SUBJECT TEACHERS

OF KASHMIR VALLEY”

BILAL AHMAD BHAT Research scholar

Sant baba bhagsingh university khialajalandhar

[email protected] Dr. PRITAM SINGH Professor and head of physical education department Sabt baba bhagsingh university

Khialajalandhar [email protected]

Abstract - The present study was undertaken to measure and compare the Personality and Self esteem of Physical education teachers and various subject teachers working in the various colleges of Kashmir Valley, and to find the difference between the physical education teachers and other subject teachers in terms of personality factors and self esteem.

For the present study, eighty teachers were selected purposively from the different colleges of Kashmir Valley, in which twenty Physical education teachers and twenty other subject teachers from each faculty which include science, commerce and arts were selected with the help of Purposive sampling technique.

As far as Neuroticism is concerned, it is concluded that the teachers of Commerce and Arts are nervous, insecure, strung and worrying in comparison to Physical Education teachers while as the teachers of Science are calm, relaxed, secure and hardy rather than Physical Education teachers.

After the systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of data, it is concluded that the teachers of Physical Education teachers have high Self-Esteem as compared to the teachers of Arts where as in comparison to Science and Commerce teachers, the Self- Esteem of Physical Education teachers are low.

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Meaning Of Physical Education Teacher:

Physical education teachers are the teachers who are working in the schools for the all-round development of the students whether it may be physical development, mental development, social development etc.

Physical education teacher:

a. Instruct students in physical education activities in educational institution: Plans physical education program to promote development of student's physical attributes and social skills.

b. Teaches individual and team sports to students, utilizing knowledge of sports techniques and of physical capabilities of students.

c. Organizes leads, instructs, and referees indoor and outdoor games.

d. Instructs individuals or groups in beginning or advanced gymnastics, or corrective exercises, determining type and level of difficulty of exercises, corrections needed and prescribed movements, applying knowledge of sports, physiology, and corrective techniques.

e. Teaches and demonstrates use of gymnastic and training apparatus May select, store, order, issue, and inventory equipment, materials, and supplies used in physical education program.

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE The researcher has attempted in this chapter to locate the literature related to this study. In order to provide

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background materials and to outline significance of the study, the related literature is being presented below:

Cecil and Paul¹⁵ (2017), A Comparative Study of “Personality and Behavior of Selected Secondary Science and Non-Science Teachers”. This study was concerned with personality and science teaching. An effort was made to determine: (1) whether secondary teachers had unique personality factors that were significantly different from secondary teachers in other subject areas, and (2) if personality factors of these science teachers were reflected in their classroom behavior as measured by a classroom observation instrument.

Phillips (2017), conducted the study on “Personality traits and teacher–

student behaviors in physical education”.Analyzed the relationship of teacher personality as measured by the 16PF to teacher behaviors in physical education as measured by a physical education teacher assessment instrument. Teacher behavior data were obtained from 18 physical education teachers in 3 junior high schools, 5 middle schools, and 6 elementary schools who volunteered to teach a 10-lesson beginning volleyball unit using their own individual teaching styles. Eight students were randomly selected from each teacher's class (n = 144).

Baumeister (2016), conducted a study on “Self-presentational motivations and personality differences in self- esteem”. This article discusses the interpersonal motivations associated with different levels of self-esteem. Although self-esteem literally refers to an intrapsychic attitude, we propose that self-esteem scales often measure a self- presentational orientation. High self- esteem scores are associated with a tendency to present oneself in a self- enhancing fashion that is characterized by willingness to accept risks, focus on outstandingly good qualities, strategic ploys, and calling attention to self.

Leary (2016), conducted a study on “Self-esteem as an interpersonal monitor: The sociometer hypothesis”. Five studies tested hypotheses derived from the sociometer model of self-esteem according to which the self-esteem system monitors others' reactions and alerts the individual to the possibility of social

exclusion. Study 1 showed that the effects of events on participants' state of self- esteem paralleled their assumptions about whether such events would lead others to accept or reject them.

Linda and Donna (2016), conducted a study which investigated the issue related to “Diurnal types, the "Big Five" personality factors, and other personal characteristics”. Differences between morning and evening types (i.e., diurnal types) on the "Big Five"

personality factors and on the personal characteristics of self-esteem, body- esteem, and locus of control were examined.

3. METHODOLOGY

As it is well fact that research is a systematic and careful collection, analysis and interpretation of data. In order to keep this in mind, the researcher divides each and every chapter of the given study in order to feel less difficulty. In the same way the researcher divides the Methodology into source of data, sampling method, selection of subjects, collection of data, criterion Measures, Administration of questionnaire etc. By doing this the researcher collect the data for the study in a very reliable and precise manner.

Also the systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of data helps the researcher in testing the hypothesis which is pre selected by the researcher.

So the Methodology is to be studied under following headings given as;

3.1 Source of Data

The collection of data regarding the comparison of personality and self esteem of physical education teachers and various subject teachers of Kashmir Valley. The subjects are selected by the researcher from different colleges of Kashmir valleywhich are under the University of Kashmir, i.e., college of physical Education Gandarbal, Amar Singh college of Arts, science and commerce Srinagar, government Degree college Kupwara Kashmir, and also subjects are selected by different faculties‟

viz. Physical Education faculty, faculty of commerce, faculty of Arts and faculty of Science. All of these selected subjects act as the source for the collection of data.

3.2 Selection of Subjects

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Sixty (60) teachers for the given study are selected who are teaching at grantable and non grantable colleges which come under the University of Kashmir.

Twenty (20) physical education teachers would be selected who are teaching at grantable and non grantable colleges which comes under the University of Kashmir.

3.3 Sampling Method

The subjects are selected by simple random sampling method.

4. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This section contains information of statistical method that was applied on classified and tabulated data available after the application of various tests. For the present study “Comparative Study of Personality and Self-esteem of Physical Education Teachers and Various Subject Teachers of Kashmir Valley.

4.1 Analysis of data

The data obtained from the responses given by the Big Five personality Inventory and Self –Esteem questionnaire which was marked according to the key and analyzing by using one way analysis of variance statistical technique (ANOVA) to find out the significant difference among personality and self esteem of physical education teachers and various subject teachers of Kashmir Valley.

4.2 Findings

For the present study, the data were collected from teachers of the faculty of Physical Education of grantable as well as non grantable colleges of Kashmir University and also the collection of data was taken from Academic teachers of the faculty of Arts, Science and Commerce.

Twenty (20) teachers were taken from Commerce faculty, Twenty (20) teachers were taken from Arts faculty, Twenty (20) teachers were taken from Science faculty and also Twenty (20) teachers were taken from Physical Education faculty for testing the hypothesis. The statistical result of the undertaken teachers for the collection of data has shown in the following tables.

Table No-1

Showing one way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) of personality trait

(Neuroticism) Scores.

Source of

variance df Sum of

squares Mean Varian ce

F Calcul

ated F Tabul

ated Between

Groups K-1

4-1=3 29236.8 810.7

2.29 2.76 Within

Groups N-K 80- 4=76

26804.7 352.6

„F‟ at degree of freedom between groups (dfb) is shown by the formula K-1 where „K‟ is number of groups which are 4 so it becomes 4-1=3.

„F‟ at degree of freedom within groups (dfw) is shown by the formula „N-K’

where „N‟ is total number of subjects in all groups and „K‟ is number of groups which becomes 80 - 4 = 76 .So „F‟ test at 3 and 76 is 2.76 which is called Tabulated „F‟.

In the given table the value of Tabulated „F‟ is 2.76 and the value of Calculated „F‟ is 2.29 which is less than tabulated „F‟ at 0.05 level of significant difference so it is said that there is no difference in personality trait (Neuroticism) of Physical Education teachers and Various Subject Teachers (Commerce, Arts, Science), hence the researchers hypothesis is rejected.

Table No-II

Mean of Self-Esteem of various faculties.

Name of

Group Mean

Commerce 19.10 Arts 17.35 Science 18.45 Physical

Education 17.80

From the above given table it is being said that the Mean of the I group (Commerce) is19.10, Mean of the II group (Arts) is17.35, Mean of the III group (Science) is 18.45, and Mean of IV group (Physical Education) is 17.80.

There is Mean difference between different faculty members. Whether it is significant or not it can be shown by using special statistical technique „F‟ test (ANOVA).

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Shown Figure No – 1

Mean Score of Self-Esteem of various groups

Table No-III

Showing one way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) of Self-Esteem

Scores.

Source of variance

df Sum of

squares Mean Variance

F

Calculated F Tabulated

Between Groups K-1

4- 1=3

733.55 11.68

1.27 2.76

Within Groups N-K

80- 4=76

698.50 9.19

„F‟ at degree of freedom between groups (dfb) is shown by the formula K-1 where „K‟ is number of groups which are 4 so it becomes 4-1=3.

„F‟ at degree of freedom within groups (dfw) is shown by the formula „N-K’

where „N‟ is total number of subjects in all groups and „K‟ is number of groups which becomes 80 - 4 = 76 .So „F‟ test at 3 and 76 is 2.76 which is called Tabulated „F‟.

In the given table the value of Tabulated „F‟ is 2.76 and the value of Calculated „F‟ is 1.27 which is less than tabulated „F‟ at 0.05 level of significant difference so it is said that there is no difference in Self-Esteem of Physical Education teachers and Various Subject Teachers (Commerce, Arts, Science), hence the researchers hypothesis is rejected.

5. CONCLUSION

From the above study it is concluded that in Openness the personality factor that the teachers of the faculty of Science and Commerce ore original, creative and curious than Physical Education teachers where as the teachers of faculty of Arts are narrow interests, uncreative and conventional than Physical Education teachers, as far as the personality factor Openness is concerned.It is also concluded that the teachers of faculty of Science are well-organized, self disciplined, reliable and careful as compared to Physical Education teachers where as the teachers of the faculty of Commerce and Arts are disorganized, undependable and negligent as compared to Physical Education teachers as far as personality factor, Conscientiousness is concerned.As far as Extraversion is taken into consideration, the Physical Education faculty teachers are more sociable, friendly, fun loving and talkative as compared to Arts faculty teachers where as Physical Education teachers are reserved, inhibited, introverted and quiet as compared to teachers of faculty of Science and Commerce.

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