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A STUDY OF UPGRADING HUT TO CONCRETE HOUSE – CHIEF MINISTER RURALHOUSING MISSION Dr. Pama Jain
Asst. Professor, P.M.B Gujarati Commerce College, Indore [M.P.]
Abstract:- Housing is universally recognized as one of the basic human rights. A house represents social position and provides economic security to the citizen. Thus, one can say that it is the responsibility of the Government to ensure every citizen has a safe, secure and healthy place to live and work and lead a life of dignity. As per the study, in only Madhya Pradesh state about 37 lacs of rural people are either homeless or live in hut (semi-pucca houses).Although there are schemas like Indira Awaas Yojna into existent but still there was a huge gap between demand and supply. This gap is mainly due to the fact that most of rural people are under BPL and were forced to stay in Hut along with their families.
These people are not only vulnerable to vagaries of nature such as flood cyclone, earthquake but to add they are unable to access good civic amenities due to low income.
In order to meet the above problem of housing the Government of India with the alliance of Ministry of Rural development introduced a housing scheme called Chief Minister Rural Housing Mission (CMRHM) where an attempt is made to Upgrade Hut (Semi-pucca houses) to Concrete house. With this background the present paper made an attempt to provide information about the CMRHM.
Keywords: Human right, rural area, Ministery of rural development, Chief Minister Rural Housing Mission (CMRHM).
1. INTRODUCTION
The basic need of human being is food, clothes and shelter. Shelter or house plays an important role in human being’s life. House gives the feeling of
“belongingness” to the household/family.
It is the responsibility of government to ensure that every citizen has a safe, secure and healthy place to live, work and lead a life of dignity. Around 33% of the population in rural and urban area are deprived of adequate housing facilities.
Around 70 million families in the country do not have adequate housing facilities.
Thus, it is felt that there is a requirement for rural
housing for tacking housing shortage for poor people.
In the state, already “Indira Awaas Yojna” was existing but as it was not able to cover around 37 lacs of people, who were living in “hut (Semi-Pucca)” house.
Keeping this thing in mind, Chief Minister Rural Housing Mission was started.
Under this mission, the beneficiary can construct his own house at the cost of Rs.120000/-. The beneficiary initial contribution is only Rs. 20,000/- while 50,000/- is subsidy and long-term loan of Rs. 50,000/- is provided by bank which can be repaid in form of easy monthly installments.
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UPGRADE HUT TO CONCRETE HOUSEThe Introduction of CM Rural Housing Mission in Indore district, Execution of the Mission in the region, Usage of Land for Construction, Loan Disbursement, Arrangement of grant funds being provided to beneficiaries, Insurance, Stamp Duty, Generation Centers, Training and Supervision.
The mission is executed in all the districts of the state in a systematic way.
Keeping in mind all administrative and realistic situation, the mission is executed in one-third of Gram Pachayat for each Janpad Pachayat for all districts in the state.
The applicant can be treated as beneficiary only if he/she is eligible under this mission. To be eligible, the applicant needs to be a person having maximum 2 hectare farming land or having earning less than 2 lacs per annum. Adult families who also do not have houses in rural areas are also eligible for the mission.
The application needs to be submitted to the Secretary, Gram Panchayat and will be analyzed by three- members samiti, which consist Panchayat
Officer, Patwari and Gram Panchayat Secretary.
This Samiti will arrange the received applications and decide the priority of allotment based on the discussion. Final list of the applicants then shall be shared to the bank for the process of loan.
The land to be used for the construction of house shall fulfill one of the five conditions.
1. All land on which family/landlord inhabited before implementation of Madhya Pradesh Revenue Code 1959.
2. Area in which ratio of population is declared after the code.
3. Area not declared populated but unauthorized acquisition is done 4. The land is owned by the
beneficiary.
5. The land is owned by landlord but is acquired by beneficiary, can be used for construction.
Based on the land location, beneficiary eligibility criteria, the bank agrees to give loan for the construction of the house. As per the mission, 50% of the loan amount is refund by the government,
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in form of subsidy whereas remaining50% amount is refunded by the beneficiary in form of long term loan and needs to be paid in form of monthly installment. The insurance of the beneficiary is done by the bank while giving the loan.
The beneficiary is allowed to construct the house unit with a minimum size of 225 square feet. The unit will consist of one room, kitchen, bathroom/toilet and balcony.
The unit needs to be constructed as per the pre-described model decided by the government. As a purpose of identification, it is mandatory to use per- defined outside colors, embossed logo and look for the unit. "Sunrise" is the logo used for all the units, built under the mission CMHRM. This logo is designed and developed by a college student named Vasu.
2. MONITORING MECHANISM
The CMRHM is being continuously reviewed through monthly and annual reports received from the States. Senior officers at the level of Deputy Secretaries and above in the Ministry are appointed as Area Officers for different States. These area officers visit the allotted States from time to time and inspect the actual implementation of the program in the field. They also participate in the State Level Coordination Committee Meetings providing thereby, a source of effective link between the policy makers, the Government and the implementing agencies. The program is also reviewed at the meeting with the State secretaries of rural development and with the project directors of DRDAs in the workshops held every year.
To make the mission effective and efficient in Implementation of the mission and to facilitate proper housing of rural people, the system is developed and designed. With the help of latest technologies like mobile phones, PDAs, are used for the plan is supervised and beneficiary is advised by the department to conduct the house. The beneficiary can know the loan status, approval, allocation of installment’s. The officer can monitor the progress of construction of houses and related monitoring and evaluation.
3. CRITERIA FOR FUND ALLOCATION The Financial Management of CMHRM scheme for Indore District. As it a known fact that to construct the house, there is need for funds. For construction of houses under CMHRM, the fund is provided by the Bank in form of loan to the beneficiaries. Half of the fund is refunded by the Government in form of subsidy, and remaining half fund is refunded by the beneficiary in the form of easy monthly installments.
Beneficiary is first supposed to apply for the loan in bank so house can be constructed under the scheme. Based on the number of cases submitted applications and eligibility the bank then sanction the amount. This amount is given to the beneficiary in two installments. In the period 2011-17, a total number of 5619 cases were submitted. For the period 2011-14 the bank branch sanction an amount of 60,000/- for each case. For the period of 2014-17 the amount was revised to 1,00,000/- for each case submitted. Thus a total amount of Rs.482.06 lacs was sanctioned by the bank branch for the construction of houses under CMHRM scheme.
Thus a total amount of Rs. 2684 lacs was distributed to the beneficiary for the construction of 3144 houses in the Indore district from the period of 2011-17.
Also it is observed that during the period of 2011-15, there was a huge increase in the distribution of the loan. However, with the change in guidelines and construction cost, there is small downfall in the period of 2015-17, however the average distribution index was 3729.16 which is 3629.16 index higher than the base year for the Indore district.
As seen, in the period 2015-16 and 2016-17 there were houses which was not fully constructed. This is due to various factors like delay in getting loan amount or not much machinery/man was available to carry out the construction.
Thus, there was two physical phases were identified as foundation phase in which construction of pillars, floor, and walls is completed where as in ceiling phase in which construction of roof and window- work remains. in the period of 2015-16, only 8 houses were in foundation phase where as 2 were remaining in ceiling
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phase. in the period of 2016-17 , therewere 9 houses in the foundation phase and 3 houses were in the ceiling phase.
4. CONCLUSION
A house is not just a dwelling place, but a socioeconomic asset for the rural family.
The larger strategy of rural housing is to support development of an environmentally sound habitat with adequate provision for safe drinking water, sanitation, electricity, infrastructure like road, schools and so on.
A State level mechanism should be setup to supervise and oversee the convergence initiatives taken by the ministry, with an action plan to maximize the benefits and minimize the
irregularities, in order to achieve a better result. The Government promoted CHRM Scheme in rural areas, so many families can Upgrade their HUT to CONCERETE House and start living a better socio- economic life.
REFERENCE
1. Shelly De (Pandit),”The Role of the pradhan mantr awsa yojana”, In India, 2015.
2. Chief Minister Rural Housing Mission, Indore District, Scheme Guidelines & user _manual, Feb,2011, Ministry of Housing
&Rural Poverty Alleviation, Government of MP
3. Mamta Mokta,” STUDY OF INDIRA AWAS YOJANA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO KARSOG”, HIMACHAL PRADESH,2017 4. http://seekhe.com/yojana/mp-
mukhyamantri-gramin-awas-yojana/
5. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/
