View of COMPARISON IN PHYSICAL AND MOTOR FITNESS AMONGST YOUTH

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ACCENT JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ECOLOGY & ENGINEERING Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal (International Journal) ISSN-2456-1037

Vol. 05,Special Issue 02, (IC-IRSHEM-2020) February 2020, Available Online: www.ajeee.co.in/index.php/AJEEE

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COMPARISON IN PHYSICAL AND MOTOR FITNESS AMONGST YOUTH

1Prof. (Dr.) Kabeer Sharma

1Pro-President, Shri Khushal Das University, Hanumangarh (Raj)

2Kamalkant Lamba, ²Research Scholar

Abstract:- The paper attempts to analyze the fact that students with physical activity will improve their relative fitness and enhance their quality of life. They will learn the importance of both cardiovascular and muscular fitness and discover how to develop healthy habits in such areas.

Physical activity for health and fitness explores the close connection between sedentary living and several major diseases and conditions, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis and depression are just of the conditions covered. Physical activity for health refers to the capacity of an athlete to meet the varied physical demands of their sport without reducing the athlete to a fatigues state. Physical education offers many benefits: development of motor skills needed for enjoyable participation in physical activities, promotion of physical fitness; increased energy expenditure; and , promotion of positive attitudes toward an active lifestyle.

The paper centres around the following two criterion:

1. There will be significant difference in physical and Motor Fitness of rural and urban players (only males).

2. The rural male students may be superior to the urban male students in the context of at least some of physical and motor fitness variables on the basis of their choice and selection.

Further, the present paper emphasis on the general concept of physical and motor fitness activity with a clear-cut distinction between physical fitness and motor fitness. This also enlist the components of physical and motor fitness like muscular strength and endurance, et al.

Present attempt examines the comparative physical fitness and health parameters to judge the ability of players across rural and urban areas with particular focus on male players.

1. INTRODUCTION

Physical fitness comprises two related concepts: general fitness (a state of health and well - being), and specific fitness (a task - oriented definition based on the ability to perform specific aspects of sports or occupations). Physical fitness is generally achieved through correct nutrition, exercise, and enough rest.

Students with physical activity will improve their fitness and enhance their quality of life.

They will learn the importance of both cardiovascular and mascular fitness and discover how to develop healthy habits in these areas.

Physical education has definitely come a long way. From an authoritarian type system to promoting lifespan, physical education with many sciences studying the different intangibles of physical education to better the mind and body.

Physical Activity for Health and Fitness explores the close connection between sedentary living and several major diseases and conditions. Cancer, cardioascular disease, osteoporosis and depression are just a few of the conditions covered.

Physical fitness refers to the capacity of an Athlete to meet the varied physical demands of their sport without reducing the athlete to a fatigued state. The physical fitness components are:

Body composition, Endurance, Flexibility, Strength, Speed.

Physical education offers many benefits: development of motor skills needed for enjoyable participation in physical activities; promotion of physical fitness; increased energy expenditure;

and promotion of positive attitudes toward an active lifestyle.

One common definition is that physical fitness is a set of attributes that people have or achieve relating to their ability to perform physical activity. Another common definition is that physical fitness is a state of wellbeing with a low risk of premature health problems and energy to participate in a variety of physical activities.

Schools that promote physical activity may have a significant impact on reducing childhood obesity, chronic disease, and, ultimately, adult mortality. Insofar as physical activity

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has been associated with increased academic performance, self - concept, mood, and mental health.

"The necessity of physical activity for a growing child is well - documented in terms of growth and fitness needs. Physical activity increases muscle tone, improves respiration and circulation, benefits digestion, aids in controlling obesity, promotes rehabilitation after illness and surgery, and stimulates proper growth and development. Thus, physical fitness is quite significant for both urban and rural youth.

2. REVIEW OF WORK

This is being undertaken to indicate the line of action for further study in this direction and field.

Antonia La Torre, et al, (2008) Race walking can be considered as a long distance performance and it can be described as the technical and athletic expression of fast walking. The physiological determinants of these performances have been well documented

; moreover, several recent studies demonstrated that concurrent strength and endurance training can improve performance in endurance athletes. Thus, the purpose of this report was to monitor the adaptations of a combined strength, performed by circuit resistance training (CRT), and endurance programmed in two top level female race walkers. The subjects were examined before and after 12 weeks of CRT and endurance training and performed an incremental field test to determine maximum oxygen uptake (VO2rnax), running economy (RE) and lactate threshold (LT). The results showed that 12 weeks of combined CRT and endurance programmed did not correspond to an alteration fl.VO2max and RE, while improvements in LT and 5- km performance were seen.

Chtara M et al, (2008) The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the sequence order of high - intensity endurance training and circuit training on changes in muscular strength and anaerobic power. Forty - eight physical education students (ages, 21.4 + /1.3 years) were assigned to 1 of 5 groups: no training controls (C, n = 9), endurance training (E, n = 10), circuit training (S, n = 9), endurance before circuit training in the same session, (E+S, n = 10), and circuit before endurance training in the same session (S+E, n = 10). Subjects performed 2 sessins per week for 12 weeks. Resistance - type circuit training targeted strength endurance (weeks 1-6) and explosive strength and power (weeks 7-12).

Endurance training sessions included 5 repetitions run at the velocity associated with Vo2max (Vo2max) for a duration equal to 50% of the time to exhaustion at Vo2max;

recovery was for an equal period at 60% Vo2max.

Maximal strength in the half squat. strength endurance in the 1-leg half squat and hip extension, and explosive strength and power in a 5- jump test and countermovement jump were measured pre - and post - testing. No significant differences were shown following training between the S+E and E +S groups for all exercise tests. However, both S + E and E +S groups improved less than the S group in 1 repetition maximum (p<0.01), right and left 1- leg half squat (p < 0.02), 5-jump test (p<0.01), peak jumping force (p<0.05), peak jumping power (p<0.02), and peak jumping height (p<0.05). The intersession sequence did not influence the adaptive response of muscular strength and explosive strength and power.

Circuit training alone induced strength and power improvements that were significantly greater than when resistance and endurance training were combined, irrespective of the intersession sequewncing.

2.1 Scope of the Study

Fitness is a key of quality of life. It is a need of modern age to prevent pollution and unhealthy life style. It plays vital role to maintain and development of child health.

The term 'Fitness' defined in various manners. Often it is considered in terms of physical aspect of living.

Muscular fitness is to the human body what fine - tuning is to an engine. it enables one to perform up to our potential Muscular fitness refers to the organic capacity of the undivided to perform the normal task of daily living without under fatigue or tiredness.

Having reserves of strength and energy available to meet satisfactorily any emergency demands suddenly placed upon him. (Ajmer Singh et. al 2003) When one analyses the many aspects that comprise the holistic concept of the player the Muscular fitness is important one.

Human interest in muscular fitness is quite old and fitness has been a major

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concern of Muscular educationists. The human efforts for improving Muscular fitness through Circuit trainings have been quite old. The great service in this direction has been done by the turner societies in 1800s in Germany for attracting attention to the development and maintains of Muscular fitness through gymnastic Circuit training programmes.

The sports performance in sports depend upon the level of motor fitness a player posses. Fitness has been defined as the state which characterizes the degree to which the person is able to function the term fitness is perhaps the one of the most nebulous in the area of sports. Fitness is a product of Circuit training and training has been shown through research to posse's important implications in the general health of people.

Motor fitness is gauged by performance and this performance is based on a composite of factors. The most commonly mentioned fitness factors are strength, endurance, power, speed, agility, flexibility, balance and stamina. Some of these factors evidently are more dominant than others and thus have a higher relationship with motor fitness. It is interesting to note how closely these factors resemble the list experts have used to analyze motor ability. Furthermore, although experts have assigned to motor ability and motor fitness definitions that seem to distinguish one from the other, the same factors have been used to describe them and, in many cases, the same test items have been used to measure the same factors in each.

2.2 Hypothesis

On the basis of available understanding of the problem, it is hypothesized that 1. H1: There will be significant difference in Physical and Motor Fitness of Rural and

Urban Male Students.

2. H2: The rural male students may be superior to the urban male students in the context of at least some of physical and motor fitness variables selected for the study.

2.3 Objectives

1. To explain the general concept of physical and motor fitness ability.

2. To describe the meaning and definitions of various components of fitness testing.

3. The distinguish between physical fitness and motor fitness would be identified.

4. To elaborate the physical and motor fitness of rural and urban male students.

5. To find out the physical and motor ability of youth belonging to rural and urban areas.

6. To find out selected components of physical and motor fitness like muscular strength and endurance, speed and agility and cardiovascular endurance having the male students in both areas (both urban and rural).

The purpose of this study is to investigate the physical fitness components among youth. To fulfill this 150 students of rural area and 150 students of urban area would be selected as the units of the study.

3. DATA ANALYSIS

The study is based on the selected and pre-fixed number of male students (say, statistical units) out of the entire universe, but from the selected age groups of 13-15 years of age from the schools of rural was particular, similar exercise is carried out for the urban areas schools and students therein in the like age group. Technique of random- sampling is adopted to classify and categories the sample.

The Physical Fitness of all the units so selected is being examined through use in the AAPHER Youth Physical Fitness Test.

This technique for physical fitness in youth helps to examine the status of fitness, muscular strength, muscular endurance, cardio vascular endurance, power speed, agility etc.

In testing the physical fitness, several statistical tools kike mean, standard deviation, co-relation, and t-values test are deployed for the desired purpose.

Such and few other techniques are extensively used to test and to examine the physical and motor fitness index amongst the youth and their onward comparison between the rural and urban youth (students of 13-15 years of age group).

It looks worth mentioning here that physical fitness relates to the ability to carry out

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routine tasks with utmost care and alert without unwanted fatigue and unwanted loss of energy. Compared to it, the motor fitness is a integrated fitness including five distinctive motor perferance components, viz., power, speed, agility, balance and reaction time. It relates to the efficiency as well sufficiency of key moments in addition to physical fitness marks.

4. CONCLUSIONS

Food or intake one takes, yield the energy for human body. Energy makes to perform different activities of all sort with case. It is measured in calories.

Human body or any living body consumes these calories for routine functioning.

Such unused calories, if all the calories are not used by the body, converts into fat and stored in the body. This part of unused calories in the body creates the malfunctioning of the living body. Therefore, both physical as well as motor fitness are necessary to keep the body-activity level perfect for further functioning of the living body.

The study ekes out the following broad things:

1. Physical and motor fitness are the utilization of excessive calories in the living body.

It not only relates to the utilization of excessive energy rather with purification and circulation of blood, and readying the body to perform with optimum efficiency.

2. It helps to understand the significance of physical and motor fitness capability and sports and games.

3. This distinguishes the physical and motor fitness with their respective utilities for the living body in order to perform actively with success.

4. It helps to examine the varying levels of physical and motor fitness levels differently between the rural and urban male youth.

REFERENCES AND BIBLOGRAPHY Books

1. AAHPER Youth Fitness Test Manual (1978), Washington D.C, AAHPer Publication.

2. Bucher C.A. (1979) Fundamentals of Physical Education. The CVS Lavis Mabby Company.

3. J. Krishana Murthy (2005), Training of Physical education students common wealth Publications.

4. Tada Baumgantener Andrew S Jaksonm (1982) Measurement for evaluation in physical education U.S. A.

W.M.C. Brown Company Dubngne, Lowa, 2nd Edition.

Dissertation and Thesis

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2. D.K banlopadhyay (1984), Comparative study of Strength and cardio respiratory capacity between tribals and non tribals Modern Thesis Kalyani University, Kulghi.

3. Kelly T.S. (1983), the effect of physical education programme on Physical fitness level of children ages - 9, unpublished master thesis northeastern university Boston, Massachusetts.

4. Subhashchand (1993) A comparative study of motor fitness of District Level gymnastic and volleyball players unpublished Dissertation Amravati University.