ACCENT JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ECOLOGY & ENGINEERING Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal, ISSN NO. 2456-1037
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Vol. 08, Issue 01, January 2023 IMPACT FACTOR: 8.20 (INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL) 183
GULPHA MARMA- A REVIEW ARTICLESharma Amita1, Suman Sunita2, Awasthi H. H.3
1Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Rachana Sharir, Faculty of Ayurveda, IMS, BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
2Professor & Head, Department of Prasuti Tantra, Faculty of Ayurveda, IMS, BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
3Professor & Former Head, Department of Rachana Sharir, Faculty of Ayurveda, IMS, BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract- Ayurveda is a life science and has holistic approach to the health science.
Ayurveda believes that one can be a good physician and surgeon both only when he has practically observed and learned all about the human anatomy. Marma is very important topic of Rachana sharir which is described in Ayurvedic texts. Acharya Sushruta says while highlighting the importance of Marmaghata, the person whose head, scalp, trunk are severely injured and, arms, feet and hands are completely amputated or else, the other parts of the body are studded with injuries are likely to survive if the Marma are saved.
Gulpha is a sandhimarma of lower extrimities and is associated with various movements of the body. Gulpha is located at the junction of foot and leg, if it injured leads to pain rigidity, and functional deformity of the foot. According to dalhana it is a sandhimarma having dimention of two anguli and vaikalyakara in nature. According to Bhavmishra the gulpha is a sandhimarma of 2 angulipramana on injury cases ruja, padasthambana, khanjata. The exact site of gulphamarma is ankle joint, the structure involved in this area flexor hallusis longus and brevis, tibialis posterior muscle, flexor digitorium longus muscle, posterior tibial artery, posterior tibial vein.
1 INTRODUCTION
Marma is very unique and important topic of Ayurvedic sharir. These Marma are composed by the combination of five elements which are Mamsa, Sira, Snayu, Asthi and Sandhi. Any injury to these points may lead to severe pain, disability, loss of function, loss of sensation and death may also occur. References of Marma are found in various ayurvedic litratures. First of all, it is described in the Rigveda where warriors in the war zone have been instructed to protect their Marma. Marma are not just superficial landmarks on the surface of the body but these are very important anatomical structures which are deeply seated. There are 107 Marma in a human body as described by acharya Charak, acharya Sushruta and others.
Gulfa Marma:- Gulpha Marma is a sandhi Marma which is described as Rujakara Marma, and it is located just under the
ankle joint. Susruth acharya says Gulpha Marma at the junction of the jangha and pada, in both of the lower extremities. In Astangasamgraha, Gulpha Marma is the joint between Pada and Jangha. In Astangahridaya, the ankle joint is the joint between the Jangha and Charana.
The meaning of word Jangha is leg, between knee and the ankle. Regionally Gulpha Marma is a Shaka Marma, which dimensionally is a Dwyangulapramana and it is two in number. Based upon anatomical classification, it is included in Sandhi Marma. Prognostically, Gulpha Marma is grouped under Rujakara Marma in which Agni & Vayu Mahabhuta is predominant. Any injury at this site feels as it full of thorns, even after healing there is shortening of the limb, lameness, decrease in strength, restriction of movements, and atrophy of muscles and swelling of the joint.
ACCENT JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ECOLOGY & ENGINEERING Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal, ISSN NO. 2456-1037
Available Online: www.ajeee.co.in/index.php/AJEEE
Vol. 08, Issue 01, January 2023 IMPACT FACTOR: 8.20 (INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL) 184
2 COMPONENTS OF ANKLE JOINT(GULPHA SANDHI) :-
Transverse Tarsal Joint,
Talocalcaneonavicular Joint,
Subtalar Joint,
Talonavicular Ligament,
Bifurcate Ligament,
Plantar Calcaneonavicular Ligament,
Calcaneocuboid Joint,
Plantar Calcaneocuboid Ligament,
Long Plantar Ligament,
3 RELATIONS
Anteriorly, from medial to lateral, are tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, the anterior tibial vessels, deep fibular nerve, extensor digitorum longus and fibularis tertius. Posteromedially from medial to lateral, are tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, the posterior tibial vessels, tibial nerve, flexor hallucis longus.
In the groove behind the lateral malleolus are the tendons of fibularis longus and brevis. The tendon of fibularis brevis lies anterior to the tendon of fibularis longus at this level.
The long saphenous vein and saphenous nerve cross the ankle joint medial to the tendon of tibialis anterior and anterior to the medial malleolus, the nerve lying posterior to the vein.
4 CONCLUSION
Gulpha is meeting place of as this at one place. In modern anatomy accepted joints are susceptible to injuries give rise to functional disturbance produces like pain, stiffness or disability .Injuries of gulpha will produce disability due to injuries of ligaments and bones. Ligament injuries produced disability. The dislocation or fracture of ankle joint usually occurs during sports, traffic accidents, avertion, etc. also high heeled foot wear my cause injury to soft tissue like medial and lateral ligaments, nerve, blood vessels and which cause disability. Based on above review
and discussion we can conclude that gulpha is a sandhi, sanghata, jaala, and marma hence it is vulnerable.
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