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Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal, ISSN: 2456-1037, IMPACT FACTOR: 2.104 (INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL) Vol. 04, Special Issue 06, (IC-IREASM-2019) October 2019 Available Online: www.ajeee.co.in/index.php/AJEEE

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A STUDY ON PHYSICAL FITNESS AND POSTURAL DISCOMFORT OF WORKERS Mr. M. A. Murtoza,

Gurugram (Haryana), India

Abstract:- Abnormal working stances have been discovered to be related with diminished work effectiveness which is critical reason for body distress coming about because of the confined stances. This examination presents an investigation on different working stances involved in bike car industry of SIDCUL, Pantnagar. The car mechanical area have significant part in Indian economy and it is where work act examination is generally ignored. The subjects were adjusted with the Harvard step stool test to decide their actual wellness list. For Posture examination absolute 111 specialists occupied with different cycle of gathering of bicycles were chosen and Rapid Entire Body Assessment was utilized to survey the body stances. The different activities of the workers were recorded by video and still photography, and these images were used for analysis. The results showed that Physical fitness index scores of maximum respondents i.e. 76.35 percent fell in the category of good score of Physical fitness followed by 33.33 per cent who had a very good physical fitness. The final scores of Rapid Entire Body Assessment during various working activities were found to be high. The findings revealed that there are ergonomic deficiencies in the planning and work method. The study recommended a proper implementation of ergonomics interventions program with awareness and training among workers to reduce the risks of WMSD.

Keywords:- Automobile Units, Assembly tasks, Posture, Physical fitness, Rapid Entire Body Assessment.

1. INTRODUCTION

As recognized by Chung et al. (2001) [3], car get together errands are perhaps the most work escalated businesses, where laborers are needed to perform undertakings tediously in helpless working stances because of the obliged work place, setting a lot of strain on the musculoskeletal framework.

Get together in the car business actually depends intensely on actual labor and manual gathering regardless of the numerous advances in automation; thus the need to analyze all parts of the working conditions (Nussbaum, 2001) [4]

as laborers are needed to embrace abnormal working stances and handle loads (Chung et al., 2001) [3] and to keep up these for the span of the assignment, consequently expanding the danger of causing MSDs (Carey and Gallway, 1998) [5].

These postures may also need to be held for a certain period of time, requiring static standing and restricted postures such as those found in machine operation and assembly work (Miedema et al., 1997) [6]. The effects of static and awkward postures, with the added level, duration and variation of load, may also increase the risk of incurring MSDs.

Besides this, it is well known that

physical fitness is an important element for daily human activities.

Good aerobic and muscular fitness have been shown to be essential for workers attempting to optimize their operational field performance. It seems that recent technological advancements and mechanization have reduced physical fitness requirement of the workers working in the industries. Keeping the above facts in mind, the present investigation was planned to assess physical fitness and postural discomfort among assembly workers of automobile assembly workers.

2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1 Selection of sample

Complete 774 emplyees were chosen from bike car industry of State Infrastructure and Industrial Development Corpo- apportion of Uttarakhand Limited (SIIDCUL), Pantnagar for actual wellness test while, just 111 gathering laborers were chosen from two creation office, for example vehicle gathering and paint look for the Ergonomic Postural Assessment.

This cross-sectional examination was directed to research the ergonomic dangers engaged with the car fabricating industry. All the positions were seen before beginning of the investigation and

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2 nitty gritty occupation data was gathered to guarantee the fruition of ergonomic danger evaluation instruments. A video recording and photos were taken in various segments of gathering of parts of bicycles.

2.2 Postural Analysis

Hignett and Mc Atamney (2000) [1] built up the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) apparatus for application in the medical care and other assistance businesses. REBA utilizes a comparative methodology as RULA, where act, power, development or activity, reiteration and coupling are surveyed.

It is along these lines a way to evaluate act for the danger of WRMSDs.

The device thinks about basic regions of a work and for each undertaking it surveys the stance factors by appointing a score to every district. The information acquired through evaluation of the errand is then entered on a scoring sheet which gives a REBA score for each assignment that shows the degree of danger and earnestness with which move should be made.

Different measures can likewise be utilized to choose stances to investigate and the utilization of time testing can likewise be used. REBA is more for the investigation of the entire body associated with movement, energize errands and where stances are dynamic, static or where gross changes in position occur.

2.3 Assessment of Physical Fitness The subjects were calibrated with the Harvard step stool test to determine their physical fitness index by using following formula: Physical Fitness index = Duration of Stepping X 100/ Sum of 1st, 2nd & 3rd Minute recovery heart rate The physical fitness of the respondents was calculated and interoperated by using physical fitness index (PFI) score given by Verghese, et al. (1994) [2] and the respondents were ranked from poor to excellent.

3. RESULT AND DISCUSSION 3.1 Postural analysis

The video was edited like clockwork to get depictions of the laborers and these previews were examined to fill the scores in REBA worksheet. Later on stick charts were drawn from freezed outline video

records and ultimately exposed to examination. The most continuous stances embraced by the laborers were mulled over.

For each errand, act factors were evaluated by allocating a score to every locale. Utilizing the REBA worksheet, a score was doled out for every one of the body locales like wrists, lower arms, elbows, shoulders, neck, trunk, back, legs and knees. Then data for each region was collected, scored and compiled to assess the risk factor variables, by generating a single score that represents the level of MSD risk.

It was observed that working postures i.e. One hand above the shoulder (Code 1), Stooping 300 (Code 3) and Twisted to preferred side (Code 5) were in the Medium risk where further investigation and soon changes were required whereas when the assembly workers required Standing Upright posture (Code 2) they were in Low risk of MSD and in that posture change may be needed.

Further it was also assessed that in Stooping 600 and overhead working posture, High risk of MSD were involved and to solve the problem investigation and implementation of changes were recommended.

3.2 Physical Fitness of Employees Prior, wellness was usually characterized as the ability to do the present exercises without unnecessary weariness. In the momentum setting, actual wellness is considered as a proportion of the body's capacity to work proficiently and adequately in work and recreation exercises, to be beneficial to oppose hyperkinetic sickness and to meet crisis circumstances.

Actual wellness is characterized as the capacity to complete day by day undertakings with power and readiness without unjustifiable weariness and with plentiful energy to appreciate recreation time pursuits and to meet unanticipated crises.

Actual wellness includes two related ideas for example general wellness (a condition of wellbeing and prosperity) and explicit wellness (an undertaking focused definition dependent on the capacity to perform explicit parts of sports or occupations). Actual wellness of

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3 respondents indicates that great Physical wellness prompts higher work proficiency and the other way around.

Based on Physical wellness record scores, most extreme respondents for example 76.35 percent fell in the classification of good score of Physical wellness followed by 33.33 percent who had an awesome actual wellness, just 1.16 percent respondents and 0.51 percent were having high normal and low normal scores of Physical wellness individually.

Table 1: Physical Fitness of the Employees (n= 774)

4. CONCLUSION

Based on previously mentioned realities we can presume that get together laborers of vehicle ventures are ignorance about ergonomics. It was seen that because of get together work the predominance of musculoskeletal uneasiness among laborers was high. The significant reason for musculoskeletal uneasiness was playing out the amassing errands in abnormal stances.

As indicated by REBA it tends to be inferred that in the workplace of bike car enterprises there is need of ergonomic arranging. The score of Rapid Entire Body Assessment was high which shows that laborers are playing out the gathering tasks in helpless stance which isn't right for laborers wellbeing and execution. The score can be decreasing by the sufficient working stances of laborer by ergonomic measures.

REFERENCE

1. Hignett S, McAtamney L. Rapid entire body assessment (REBA). Applied Ergonomics, 2000; 31(2):201-205.

2. Verghese MA, Saha PN, Bhatnagar A, Chauhan M. Development of data base for occupational Workload and physical fitness status of India women. Bombay: DSA Project Report, SNDT Women's University, 1994.

3. Chung MK, Lee I, Yeo YS. Physiological workload evaluation of screw driving tasks in automobile assembly jobs. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. 2001;

28:181-188.

4. Nussbaum MA. Static and dynamic myoelectric measures of shoulder muscle

fatigue during intermittent dynamic exertions of low to moderate intensity.

European Journal of Applied Physiology.

2001; 85:299-309.

5. Carey EJ, Gallwey TJ. The use of video techniques to analyse postural stress. In:

Kumar S (ed) Advances in Occupational Ergonomics and Safety 2, Amsterdam, Ios Press Inc, 1998, 198-201.

6. Miedema MC, Douwes M, Dul J.

Recommended maximum holding times for prevention of discomfort of static standing postures. Int J Ind Ergon. 1997; 19:9-18.