View of STUDY OF STATUS OF COMMERCIAL SEED GROWERS IN KHARGONE DISTRICT OF MP

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VOLUME: 10, Special Issue 01, (IC-IESP-MULTI-2023) Paper id-IJIERM-X-I, January 2023 420

STUDY OF STATUS OF COMMERCIAL SEED GROWERS IN KHARGONE DISTRICT OF MP

Shyam Patidar*, Dr. Puja Shukla**

*M.Sc. (Ag, Extension), Research Scholar and ** RHEO, Indore

Agriculture is imperatively important in India as not only it helps to supply food for the rural population but it is also an important contribute to the employment. The agricultural business sector contributes as about 14 per cent of the GDP of India. Agriculture is also important as the sector provides about 65 per cent population of India with employment and a livelihood. Rural empowerment is dependent on agriculture .Developing of economy of some country count mainly on the essential role played by businessperson. The role played by such businessperson is of captious importance in developing country that in India, where there are ample opportunities for using innovations to exploit the available resources particularly in the field of Entrepreneurial behavior of farmers’ agriculture.

Entrepreneur is an economic man, who strives to maximize his profits by innovations. He is a man with a will to act, to assume risk and to bring about a change through organization of human efforts. They people who novice, org-anise, manage and power the affairs of an project that combine the factors of manufacture to supply goods and work in any enterprise, as such, the development or under development of entrepreneurship in the country. All round development of agriculture is possible with the effective exploitation of human as well as material resources. In our country, where human resources are found to be plenty, we can identify individuals in all segments of population who have the requisite entrepreneurial skills.

Presently, development of farmers producing seeds has become the primary concern in the area of seed production. In this regard, the function played by businessperson also assumes greater importance. This study conducted survey on the businessperson’s facing constraints of commercial seed producer.

Information on seed industry were compiled from enlightened experts in the seed industry, seed certification information from the Texas Section of Agriculture (obtained under Open Records Act), and elaborate reviews of USDA Farm Services Agency data. Seed production area displace with interior seed supplies, crop value, national farm programs (crop outlooks), and export demand.

1 OBJECTIVES:

To know the constraints faced by commercial seed growers in management their enterprise and suggestions to overcome them.

1.1 The Evolution of Entrepreneurship:

The word entrepreneur is derived from the French language enterprendre that means to undertake or to do something. The Frenchmen who arranged and led military campaign were referred to as entrepreneur. Approximately 1700 A.D. the term entrepreneur was used for architects and contractor of public works. In many countries, the term entrepreneur is often related with a person who starts his own new business. Business encompasses manufacturing, transport, trade and all other self employed vocation in the service sector.

Entrepreneurship has been well thought out as the propensity of mind to take calculated risk with assurance to achieve preset business objectives.

1.2 Location of the Study Area

The study was conducted in Khargone district of Madhya Pradesh. Khargone district formerly known as West Nimar district and lies between 21°22' and 22°35&39; North latitude and 74°25 & 39; and 76°14 & 39; East longitude. The district is enclosed by Dhar, Indore and Dewas in the north side, state of Maharashtra state in the south side, Khandwa, Burhanpur in the east side and Barwani in the West side. Khargone district covers the 8030 km 2 area. Area of the district is 8030 km² and According to the 2011 census Khargone District has a population of 1,872,413. The district is divided into 5 sub- divisions, which are encourage divided into 8 tehsils. Barwaha sub-division has only one

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tehsil, Barwaha with the town bigger than Barwaha name Sanawad. Bhikangaon sub- division has two tehsils, Bhikangaon and Jhiranya. Kasrawad sub-division has only Kasrawad tehsil while Khargone sub-division has three tehsils, Khargone, Bhagwanpura and Segaon. Mandaleshwar sub-division has one tehsil, Maheshwar. Khargone town is the administrative central office of the district. Other towns are Maheshwar, Kasrawad, Segaon, Bhagwanpura, Jhiranya, Bhikangaon and Barwah. Maheshwar is a place of tourist attraction as the former capital of the Haihayas and the Holkars of Indore.

1.3 Research Design

The design of research is the most crucial and important aspect of the research methodology. It is the entire process of design and carrying out the research. To motion the answers for the research question, a synchronic research design was used in the investigation because it is describing phenomena with adequate interpretation. It clearly states the characteristics of the specific situation of group or individuals. In this design the variables are to be known.

1.4 Sampling Technique

The sample of the present study was selected by proportionate random sampling method.

The various stages of the sample were -

1. Selection of the blocks 2. Selection of the villages 3. Selection of the respondents

Selection of the blocks: In that respect there are nine blocks in Khargone district. Namely- Barwaha, Bhagwanpura, Bhikangaon, Goganwa, Kasarawad, Maheshwar, Segoan, Zirnya, Khargone. Out of this only one block i.e. Khargone was selected randomly for present study.

Selection of the villages: Khargone block comprises 120 villages panchayats. Out of these only 10 villages were selected randomly for the present study.

Selection of the respondents: In Khargone block, the majority of the farmers have been found in growers in commercial seed for their livelihood. From this block ten villages were selected for the study, and prepared of the list of respondents on the basis of higher number of seed growers respondents. this list of respondents were selected through proportionate random sampling method to make a sample of 10 respondents from each village. Hence finally the sampling consisted of 100 respondents for the study.

List of selected villages and number of selected respondents (n = 100) S.N. Name of village No of selected respondents

List of selected villages and number of selected respondents n = 100 S.N. Name of village No of selected respondents

1 Bagwa 10

2 Dongargaon 10

3 Aghawen 10

4 Dalka 10

5 Vanihar 10

6 Mengaon 10

7 Barud 10

8 Lonara 10

9 Rangaon 10

10 Ghegaon 10

Total 10 100

1 Bagwa 10, 2 Dongargaon 10, 3 Aghawen 10, 4 Dalka 10, 5 Vanihar 10, 6 Mengaon 10 7 Barud 10, 8 Lonara 10, 9 Rangaon 10 10 Ghegaon 10 (Total 100)

Sources of data collection

The following sources were used for the purpose of data collection.

(i) Primary data: The researcher collected the primary data personally by interview method the selected respondents with the help of structured and pre – tested interviews schedule.

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(ii) Secondary data: The secondary data were acquire from the various government agencies and publications.

2 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

An interview schedule method was planned for collecting the relevant collection of selected variables. The data were collected personally with the help of pre tested interview schedule.

The researcher personally contacted the respondents. They were assured that the information given by them would be kept confidential and it would only be used for the academic purposes.

2.1 Statistical analysis of data

Data collected were qualitative as well as quantitative. The quantitative data were interpreted in terms of percentage and qualitative data were tabulated on the basis of approved categorization method as described earlier, the following statistical techniques were used in the study.

Occupation: Cereal seed 49, Oil seed 11, Vegetable seed 21, Pulses seed 19 Annual income: Low 16. Medium 46, High 38

Farm machinery: Low 28, Medium 41, High 31 Extension contact: Low 29, Medium 56, High 15 Orientation: Low 16, Medium 59, High 25

Economic: motivation, Low 24, Medium 37, High 39 Marketing orientation:, Low 27, Medium 32, High 41 2.2 Type of family

Out of 100 respondents, 69 per cent belonged to nuclear family group and 31 per cent were belonged to joint family respondents, and total score of both type of family group was found in 131. Thus, majority of the respondents were found to have nuclear family group followed by joint family group.

2.3 Entrepreneurial experience

Out of 100 respondents, 51 per cent belonged to medium experience , where as 30 per cent were found low experience, and 19 per cent were found high experience respondents of commercial seed growers and total score of overall experience was found in 189. Thus, majority of the respondents were found to have medium experience of respondents followed by low and high experience respondents.

2.4 Total land holding

out of 100 respondents, 53 per cent medium farm size group of respondents, 21 per cent were from small farm size, 15 per cent were from marginal respondents and only 11 per cent were from large farm size respondents and total score of overall farm size was found in Thus, majority of the respondents were found to have medium farm size respondents followed by small, marginal and farm size.

2.5 Occupation

Out of 100 respondents, 49 per cent respondents found from cereal seed producer, 21 per cent were from vegetable seed producer, 19 per cent were found from pulses seed producer respondents and 11 per cent were found from oil seed producer respondents of commercial seed growers and total score of overall occupation was found in 210.

Thus, majority of the respondents were found from cereal seed producer respondents followed by vegetable seed, pulses seed and oil seed.

2.6 Annual income

out of 100 respondents, 46 per cent respondents belonged to medium annual income of family, 38 per cent belonged to high annual income and 16 per cent were from low annual income respondents of commercial seed growers and total score of overall annual income

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was found in 222.Thus, majority of the respondents were found to have medium annual income of respondents followed by high and young low annual income

2.7 Farm machinery

Out of 100 respondents, 41 per cent respondent have medium farm machinery, where as 31 per cent respondents have high farm machinery and 28 per cent respondents have low farm machinery and total score of farm machinery was found in 203. Thus, majority of the respondents were found to have medium farm machinery of respondents followed by high and low farm machinery.

3 EXTENSION CONTACT

Out of 100 respondents, 56 per cent respondents belonged to medium level of extension contact, where as 29 per cent were from low extension contact group and 15 per cent were from high extension contact group of respondents of commercial seed growers and total score of extension contact was found in 186. Thus, majority of the respondents were found to have medium extension contact group of respondents followed by low and high extension contact. Constraints faced by commercial seed growers in management their enterprise and suggestions to overcome them.

 Constraints

Out of total respondent, majority of problems faced in Shortage of labors (93%) followed by High labour cost (87%), Non-availability of inputs (resources) in time (81%), Lack of timely advisory services (77%), Lack storage facilities (72%), Lack of knowledge about disease and pest control (70%), High transportation charged (64%), High rate of interest charged by the money lenders (61%), Lack of knowledge about packing (59%), Spoilage during transportation (54%).

4 SUGGESTIONS

Out of total respondent, majority of suggestion should be given on Farmers should form a cooperative group to sell their produce in bulk quantity (89%), followed by Government should provide storage facilities at vicinity (83%), Easily and low cast of transportation (78%), Transportation facilities should be strong (77%), Proper and timely advisory services (72%), Loan should be available easily and at low rate of interest (69%), Information regarding plant protection should be available at right time (65%), Properinput should be provided at low cost to poor and small farmers (63%), Easily labors availability (46%), Labors cost is minimum (39%). By Nagesh (2006).

5 CONCLUSIONS

The conclusion of the study has been presented in line with the objectives of study. The findings are presented under the following sub- heads. Socio-economic profile of commercial seed growers.

1. Out of 100 respondents, 53 per cent belonged to middle age group.

2. Out of 100 respondents, 34 per cent belonged to higher secondary class passed.

3. Out of 100 respondents, 69 per cent belonged to nuclear family group.

4. Out of 100 respondents, 51 per cent belonged to medium experience.

5. Out of 100 respondents, 53 per cent medium farm size group of respondents.

6. Out of 100 respondents, 49 per cent respondents found from cereal seed producer.

7. Out of 100 respondents, 46 per cent respondents belonged to medium annual income of family.

8. Out of 100 respondents, 41 per cent respondent have medium farm machinery.

9. Out of 100 respondents, 56 per cent respondents belonged to medium level of extension contact.

10. Out of 100 respondents, 59 per cent respondents have medium level of scientific orientation.

11. Out of 100 respondents, 39 per cent respondents have high level of economic motivation

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12. Out of 100 respondents, 41 per cent respondents have high level of marketing orientation.

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