Approach to Data Collection and Analysis
Stage 2 Coding: Generating Themes The purpose of thematic analysis is to generate
subtypes of key constructs (e.g., types of compe-
tencies or types of stressors), provide inductive definitions based on what the students say, and consider how the definitions are influenced by cultural norms.
Competencies: Consider the following as you generate themes:
• What are the culturally valued competencies?
Make a list of specific competencies (e.g., academic ability, social skills). You can depict the competencies on a continuum from posi- tive to negative if that makes sense (e.g., star student vs. academic failure).
• How is each competency defined? For each competence listed in #1, provide the defini- tion based on students’ descriptions (e.g., Academic ability = making good grades; being good at math, etc.).
• What cultural norms are reflected in the com- petencies? (For example, one theme might be that academic competence is especially valued or most important. Social skills are important but only in relation to developing friendship.) Stressors: Consider the following as you gener- ate themes:
• What are the types of stressors that children experience?
• Which stressors are internal (e.g., frustration due to academic failure)? Which are external (e.g., parental conflict, peer bullying)
• What are the sources (or triggers) of stress?
(e.g., parents, peers, school, weather) Response to Stress: Consider the following:
• What are the emotional reactions (i.e., feel- ings)?
• What are the cognitive reactions (i.e., thoughts)?
• What are the behavioral reactions (i.e., behav- iors/actions)?
• What are the somatic or bodily reactions (e.g., get headaches, feel tense muscles)?
Supports: Consider the following as you gener- ate themes:
30 B. K. Nastasi and A. P. Borja
• What are the types of social support that chil- dren experience?
• What are the sources of support (e.g., parents, peers, school, priest, pets)?
Response to Support: Consider the following:
• What are the emotional reactions (i.e., feel- ings)?
• What are the cognitive reactions (i.e., thoughts)?
• What are the behavioral reactions (i.e., behav- iors/actions)?
• What are the somatic or bodily reactions (e.g., feel relaxed muscles)?
Appendix 2.H
DEMOGRAPHIC DATA: STUDENTS For student participants, please gather the fol- lowing information so that we can describe the sample.
School: _______________
Age (years): _________
Grade: _________
Gender: ___ female ___ male Language: ________________
Ethnic Origin: _______________
Religion: __________
Parental/Guardian Education levels (for each parent/guardian):
#1. (mother or other guardian) ______________
#2. (father or other guardian) _____________
Parental/Guardian Occupation (for each par- ent/guardian:
#1. _____________________
#2. _____________________
Family Income: _________________
Family Status: _______ married; ________
divorced; ________ single parent
Number of siblings: ________________
How many people live in your household?
_____________
With whom do you live (for example, parents, grandparents, etc.)?_______________
DEMOGRAPHIC DATA: Parents
For parent participants, please gather the fol- lowing information so that we can describe the sample.
Age (years): _________
Gender: ___ female ___ male Language: ________________
Ethnic Origin: _______________
Religion: __________
Parental/Guardian Education levels (for each parent/guardian):
#1. (mother or other guardian) ____________
#2. (father or other guardian) _____________
Parental/Guardian Occupation (for each par- ent/guardian):
#1. _____________________
#2. _____________________
Family Income: _________________
Family Status: _______ married; ________
divorced; ________ single parent
How many people live in your household?
_____________
With whom do you live (for example, spouse/
partner and children, parents, grandparents, etc.)?_______________
School(s) children attend:
___________________
Number of children: ___________________
Ages of children: ______________________
DEMOGRAPHIC DATA: Teachers
For teacher participants, please gather the fol- lowing information so that we can describe the sample.
School: __________________
Age (years): _________
Gender: ___ female ___ male Language: ________________
Ethnic Origin: _______________
Religion: __________
Education level: _____________________
What grade level(s) do you teach? __________
Number of years teaching experience: ______
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