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© Springer International Publishing AG 2018
A. Pilotto, F.C. Martin (eds.), Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment, Practical Issues in Geriatrics, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62503-4
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Competencies and learning theories, 170–171
Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) competencies and learning theories, 170 facilitate shared decision-making, 154 perioperative medicine, 150
plan and design teaching
competence, Miller’s pyramid, 172 educational approach, 171 evaluation formats, 173 ICT-based learning modules, 173 simulation training, educational
formats, 174 soft skills, 174
training, measurement of effectiveness, 172
postoperative care establishment, 156 evidence, 155–156 postoperative setting, 155 preoperative setting, 151
COPD. See Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
CPRs. See Clinical prediction rules (CPRs)
CSHA Clinical Frailty Scale, 53 CVD. See Cardiovascular diseases (CVD)
D Dementia
CGA, older patients with, 163 CGA, older patients without, 161 and clinical decision-making,
162–163
cognitive impairment with/without, 159–160
cognitive impairment, identification, 160–162
drug treatments in, 163 prevention, 165
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), 21
Disease-specific end points, 71
E
Emergency department (ED) assessment, 99
case study
analgesia and department guidelines, 106
environmental cues, 105 initial assessment, 105 policy, 106
CGA service
early discharge planning, 104–105 environment, 102
follow-up, 105
multidimensional assessment, 103 patient identification, 103 PCC, 103
reducing iatrogenesis, 104
treatment, coordinated and integrated plan development, 104
clinical evaluation, 96
community team-led responses, 94 falls, 96
pain, 97
paramedic-led responses, 94 sepsis, 97–98
urgent care, identifying older people with frailty, 96–97
End-stage renal disease (ESRD), 140
F Falls, 96
Frailty and medications, 80 Frailty index-CGA (FI-CGA), 81 Frailty syndrome, 5–6
Fried frailty definition, 6 Functional status
AADL, 18 BADL, 18 IADL, 18
multidimensional screening instruments, 13, 17
objective measures, 18, 19 self-report measures, 18, 19
G
GA. See Geriatric anxiety scale S (GA) GAI. See Geriatric anxiety inventory (GAI) GAS-10, 22
Gastrointestinal disorders liver cirrhosis, 143–136 upper gastrointestinal bleeding,
142–143 GC. See Guided Care (GC)
GDS. See Geriatric depression scale (GDS) Geriatric anxiety inventory (GAI), 21 Geriatric anxiety scale S (GA), 21 Geriatric depression scale (GDS), 21 Geriatric evaluation and management units
(GEMU)/acute care for elders (ACE) units, 40, 42
Geriatric evaluation units, 2 Geriatric medicine, 170
Index
179
Geriatric Resources for Assessment and Care of Elders (GRACE), 62
Geriatric-Led Fracture Service, 129 Geriatric-orthopedic co-managed care, 128 Gerontopole screening tool, 52
Geroscience, 6–8
GRACE. See Geriatric Resources for Assessment and Care of Elders (GRACE)
Guided Care (GC), 62
H
Hamilton rating scale for depression (HRSD), 21
HAS. See Home assessment service (HAS) HHAS. See Hospital home assessment service
(HHAS)
Health maintenance organization (HMO) patients, 62
Health professionals, 48 Health status determinants, 11, 12 Hip fractures (HF), 123
fracture pathway, 125
medical and surgical complications and adverse outcomes, 126
orthogeriatric care, CGA approach in, 126–128
orthogeriatric services, implementation, 129
Home assessment service (HAS), 59 Hospital
GEMU/ACE units, 40, 42 IGCS, 40
principal studies and meta-analyses, 41 Hospital home assessment service
(HHAS), 59 Hosptial
IGCS, 42
post-hospital discharge, 42, 43 HRSD. See Hamilton rating scale for
depression (HRSD) Hypertension treatment, 80
I
IADL. See Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL)
IGCS. See Inpatient geriatric consultation service (IGCS)
Improving Nursing Home Care through Feedback On PerfoRMance Data (INFORM), 53
Individualized multifactorial intervention programme, 63
Information communication technologies (ICT)-based learning modules, 173 Inpatient geriatric consultation service
(IGCS), 40, 42
Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), 18
Integrated care, 124, 128
Interdisciplinary team approach, 39 InterRAI network, 49
InterRAI Palliative Care, 52
K
Katz index, 18 Kihon index, 52
L
Lawton IADL scale, 18 Life expectancy, 80 Liver cirrhosis, 143 Long-term care (LTC)
ADL, 48 definition, 48 facilities, 48 home visiting, 59 in nursing homes
CGA programs, 52, 53 Gerontopole screening tool, 52 Kihon index, 52
poor recovery, 52 quality of care, 53, 54 rapid recovery, 52 RGA, 52 slow recovery, 52 RAI, 48–52
M
MACE. See Mobile acute care of the elderly (MACE) service
Malnutrition, 16
McMaster Quality of Life Scale, 52 Medication reconciliation, 15
MELD score. See Model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score
Memantine, 163
Miller’s pyramid, 172, 175 Mini-Cog, 20
Mini-mental state examination (MMSE), 20
Minimum geriatric competencies, 170 Mini-nutritional assessment (MNA), 16 MMSE. See Mini-mental state examination
(MMSE), 20 Index
180
Mobile acute care of the elderly (MACE) service, 42
Model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, 143
Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), 20 Mortality prognostic tools, 80
MPI. See Multidimensional prognostic index (MPI)
MPI_AGE European project, 82, 87, 88 MPI-SVAMA index, 87
Multidimensional instruments, 81 Multidimensional prognostic index (MPI),
127, 135, 137, 164 for acute diseases, 82 adverse outcomes, 73 community-dwelling older
people, 82, 87 components, 73 domains, 82
in healthy elderly people, 82 at hospital admission, 82 IOS free app, 87 mortality rate, 81 MPI-SVAMA index, 87 negative health outcomes, 82
pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, 73
prognostic information, 89
quantifiable index score, 73, 74, 82, 87 RCTs, 89
Multidimensional treatment programme, 28
N
National Care for the Elderly Programme (NCEP), 63
Neurocognitive disorder, 19 NHS primary care, 57 Normal aging, 1
Nurse-led case management, 57
O
OAS. See Outpatient assessment service (OAS)
Organ failure, 142, 143 CKD, 137 CVD, 133
respiratory diseases, 140 Organ transplantations, 2
Orthogeriatric care, CGA approach in, 126 Orthogeriatric models, 124, 128
Outpatient assessment service (OAS) AGe-FIT study, 62
ambulatory setting, 62 CareWell-primary care, 63 cluster-randomized trial, 61 GC model, 62
GRACE intervention, 62 heterogeneity tests, 62 HMO patients, 62
individualized multifactorial intervention programme, 63
multifactorial interventions, 63, 64 practice redesign approaches, 62 proactive primary care approach, 63 team management, 62
Outpatient CGA programmes HAS, 59
HHAS, 59
meta-analyses, 59–61
multifactorial interventions, 65, 66 OAS, 61–64
primary care-based models, 64 Overmedicalising risk, 28
P
PACE. See Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE)
Pain, 97
PCC. See Person-centred care (PCC) Perioperative medicine, CGA, 150–151 Personalized medicine
anticholinergic and/or sedative effects, 71 disease-specific end points, 69
efficacy and safety, 71 impact and use of, 70 MPI, 73, 74
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, 70 objective markers, 71
off-label prescribing, 71 pre- and post-marketing trials, 74 therapeutic futility, 71
treatment protocols, 70 Person-centred care (PCC), 103 Phenotypic aging, 4, 5, 7 Physical health
adverse drug reactions, 15 balance and falling, 17 hearing, 14
medication reconciliation, 15
multidimensional screening instruments, 12, 13
multimorbidity, 15
Index