• Tidak ada hasil yang ditemukan

Ç•wÍ• ‚Ÿwfi÷Æ

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2023

Membagikan "Ç•wÍ• ‚Ÿwfi÷Æ"

Copied!
28
0
0

Teks penuh

(1)

52

1 1401 # $%&

108 - 81 ) (

2021 - 2001

1 2

# )* + ,- 1

+.

/

0 , 1 2

3 2

7 / ,48 45 6 9

: *

; 2

< = ,1 0 , 1

3> ?,- - @

1 A B / C . 4 4. 9D E

; C A B

@ 0 2 B F )

?

* ,8 9 (

?,

- , I1 45 # , /

J 9

: *

;D 0 , K.L B

I1 C , = C B 1

A B 1 0 ,2 B MN A :

/, - B 1 / C L B / , / . = . 45 8 9D E 4

$1

L K.L A OD

9D E ) . A %4 = ,

/ J P1 . 9 24; = .

4

B

#Q

$4 ( R 8 : -A . & 3 ,D B

4 9

# N A : 1 . 2?

/ C B 1

. 4 B 9 MN I1 # ,U < ; 45 ,

/ C ,NC V

- . 4 9D E W=

2 . =*

9D E

X ? B C B B / , C B 1

/ Y 4 . .

,1 B Z;

B B / A /,NB :[ ;

7 $ 4;BA W=

U,V 3C \D ]Q 4

/ C B 1 8 .

4 B ,4;- 9 ^

,2 .8 / 3 = C A

B _ 0 ,2 4* , A . 1 X B

F J ` D # ,U

B 9 C B 1 / A

,2B #Q $1 4 .

45 / 9D E , .

= . a C

$1 3C \D 9B , B -

. N1

,J b ? ? /

06 c .d8 M4

= . 3 ,D ` D 94V B / , C

A

$1 e

% : 8

. %

4*

C ,NC f , /

. = # Y 9D E 0 g24

B 4V C \D / C 0 . 8

%4

.

` D 9D E C B 1 / 0 4 X # h& $ ] e,4;-

1 B J )1 i

C / C / 9

* =8

# J 9

* , / / C B 1 0 4

= .

: 1 9B 4 . / C B 1 9D E ,

B Z;

/ C B ,N / I1 # , 7 $ 4;BA

at

B

B ] j; .;

: [email protected]

=V B `B 1 :

25 ,5 1398 m1 `B 1 MB : 30 ,5 1401

DOI: 10.22059/JPQ.2022.283591.1007449 © University of Tehran

(2)

82

52 1 1401

1 .

, K.L 0 B D A OD 9 5 :

/ ; * ML

. , I1 0

C / =

9D E 4 . .

b ? ? / C B 1

4.

4;C 0 ,$

/ # X 3B @V * ,8

9 ? / m4X J ML

9D E B 1 < ;

) Japan Ministry of Defense, 2021:

16-20

.(

: 9B ?,-

nP1 B V ,IL B @ : * : / BA ,

- , / < ;

.4 9D E . B 1 3B D

/ C B 1 / CA, 94 , 0 A 4 . 9B

B V ,IL MN

4 . c , I1 6 B 1 < ; 9D E 0 4

. 9B .8

C @ B 8 j;

06 =; , K.L 0 J , _ / 0 ,$ C

C /

+.

/ 9

* V 9D E 5 A < ; MN 9

* / , 8 9B ,

C ,NC , I1 C

/ 0 ,$ 9B B 2> D C

. 3C \D 9B o 6 D

> D B 2 6 Z M* X 3 ,D

p,+

: .1

. / C B 1 2?

4 B 9 MN

I1 # ,U < ; V / C ,NC 45 ,

- . 4 W= 9D E 2

. 9D E =*

X ? B C C B 1 B B / , /

W= Y 4 .

U,V ]Q 4 3C \D

8 . / C B 1 4

B ,4;- 9 ,2 q.8 ^

/

A 3 = C B

_ 0 ,2 4* , A . 1 X B

F J ` D # ,U

B A C B 1 9

45 4 . #Q $1 ,2B / /

9D E =q

. qU,V Mq X q.N 9qB ,q

rV 8 = 4 B

$ 9D E 8 B

= C / 45 X /

) 9 q 0 X

J / C @ =; 8 = . (

9B ` D C B 1

q =q

C q =q8,

9D E / . / 45 # , I1 0

C / q B 2>q D / ,q q8 q4 . q

4 . 9B :[ ; Z 4;C

. 9D E ` D .B ,V 9B qX A ,q- :

qC q q : 1 .

I1 X # h& / # , s

2 . )1 C i / qC / q 9 q * 7q e,4;q-

N L qB

#Q q$4 q B, . a qC q $1 3C \qD 9qB ,q B

- q q. N1

,J b ? ? /

c .d8 M4 06

= 1

. q.? q qL 1 q I4

, / q tq$ u qU 0

C = 9B qv : $1 3C \D =q 2

. 3q ,D q `q D 94V qB / ,q $1 e A qC

q :

% 8 4* . % C ,NC f ,

/ . = # q Y 9D E 0 g24q

B 4V %4 0 . 8 C \D / C .

1. Copenhagen School

2. Causal Analysis

(3)

"#$

% # &" '#() * (+ ,' - . / (0 ' . -*

83

2 . :

/ C B 1 , I1 ] 4 .

,4;- / ph A C / 4;C / ? X b6 N 8 1

0 ; / C

B /,N / C / : , - .

K.L ?,- 9 Z 4;

= 3C 8 ] C 8 -

, / C / 7 $ #h X

] 4;BA

.4;C 3B @V .

9B A 7N1, :[ ;

+ $ = .

@V R B.

/ = . ,

9 C M* _ C 8 j;

MN =

/ C B 1 1 ,2

C / 06 7N1,

u U A B / C

:V $ &

9

* :B N1 .

L A

/ V

C B 1 9B / , ,nw ^B, / C C 9B 1 A .8 / C B 1 - o D

B F

= , Q

/ MN ,2B / A 06 0 =>

/ , # . / C ,NC ,R

06 C

) Florescu & Glenn, 2015: 6

.(

, <

. ,J 2018

1 D 0 @

_ / C B 1 0 A B 1 4. ,

. # , I1 b6

B C ,B A /,NB / C

4;C / C B 1 . 4. / C B 1 /

* ,8

...

= 4V,- D

.,2019) Poushter &

Huang

B(

A B C , / 9 7 B L 8 : *

,4;- )

. =

^ A ,1 D 3

= x .d8 M4 45 . .

0 C / B b 48 M4 9 C

B .

=* ,

< ,C C

) 0 A 1378

? ? (

, A 1 /

$1 . :

=

) 0 ,2B 0 A 1386

(

,V / A /

. , /

* 0 A B

B D B

@ / . A - B B 0 A A

D B

& 0 g- B

9 B ,

» . = B ) .?

/ ,2 B

=;

«

) C , 1386 : 445

.(

B 9

. ) 2 =

.1 J =;

A : C

/ L B ,1 . 0 A #,L C

/

.L B ,V ,V

$ 7 AB m4X V =;

/ Z .

,1 B 4 9 0 A 8

. ) .? = /

,)1 B } .8 I1 45 # , /

J 9

@V : * B

24; 3

: 4 C 8 0 3B D

L / C B 1 B

/ , ,- . B ,)1 9 B . A } 0 A =

) .1 .

,8 L 1 .

=

&

% #

9 C~Q [ .8 .

B . 2 9 =

% • 8

» ) L 45 ,

2«

= 2

) 0 A 1379 : 13 .(

C ,)1 9 B } 9 C~Q .) B . A

$1 8 = MN = :

C / B 9 B K ,

A 2 5 2 ,

) C , 1393 : 16 - 15 (

€ m5 .

1 % B

,J. A

,J B

=* 8 B C B 1 x .d8 M4 0 A ,D 6 C

,

; D o ) /

/ BA

= . J :[ ; .1 , 4 : $1 / ,

/

=*

1 8 C .

8

45 . 6 C B 1 ,BA

M gD B , /

=*

C 2 #P } 4> ^ . A 1 ,

.

1.PEW

2. Socially constructed

(4)

84

52 1 1401

B ^ . 9 J 1

_ J , , . B . 9 D = B / ) .?

/ - ,V = ,

) . A 1396 : 182 - 180

.(

€ m5 A 0 ,2 .8 %

B . A 0 ,2

=

* n6

& ^L, =* 0 A . :[ ;

4 ,)1 B }

) 0 A 1378

] (

C / A _6 B 9

C 1990 . ^L , e,4;- C _ 0 ,2 .8 =

4* , ,- C / 4L 4;C

Z

) ,m / 1390 : 116

.(

A B ,- ,V ,J. 9 C

/ ,V 0 A C / _ 4* , ,V

,V ,1 C

B Z;

=* .8 0 1 . ^L , 0 .

4 ,8 m1

) C , 1386 : 443 (

B .

9B 4

@ ,8 8

=V C

% 1 0 A 1 B C

6 M gD B , / C

; . 1 /

A A C / J B _ J , 6 L B.

J.

B . :[ ; 8g . 4

6 B.

B 7 U X R

•> i /

8

06 A C B

L :[ ; } /

.1 4

B @ A ..8 = +

) C , ,V . /

1394 : 25 (

.

B

@- x .d8 M4 4 9 C

/

? 06 A .

,X %4 .

.4V,- :

=;>

$1 . #Q $1 : 4

9D E ah5, B

C , /

^X ,- B 8 .1 ,

=* 3 C

A 0 . B

& 0 ,2 =

9 8P1 : * A

B M4 ,

c .d8 A 945 . =

B _ 0 ,2 4* , , 4V,-

= . B @- 9

0 - 2 B

A 8 0 9 B

,2 .

,- C / ,1 B 4;

0 A B

B @

^L , 0 . 1

B , ..8 . 6 / C B 1

/ 6 9D E ` D

J :[ ; = X

# X 9 C

/ +.

/ 9

*

& @- 0 . ,X ,J

=; 8 4V,2 B

8,1 , N ) .? 2 /

) / . ,1 B / C B 1 Z;

7 $ :[ ; B B / A /,NB

K.L 4;BA C

/

=* 5 C

1 / ,

. D B .d8 M4 0 L 1 x

,V B / C . 4L

9 C~Q . 0 =

1 B B =&,V 9 ,8 ZC ,V

2 A .1 C B 1 1

0 4

=*

C A

2 , , 1 @ B ‚ . . ,J [ C

/ )4 B

9 4 4 =; 8 B

9

- B

= .

3 .

!"#$ % # &' () *

2021 - 1991

. #Q $1 , 4

, K.L ;D .N , 9D E

/ B -\

C / ,2 .8 . 7N1, /

. 7N1, :[ ; =

9 . 1 : * /

C / J 0 1

A ) 2001 -

1991 2021 - 1991 (

; 1 ,8 Z . L 5 = 9D E 4 . / C ,NC

2001 - 1945 , 4 $

: 1 . 1,1 . # N 4 9D E - B, 2 .

$ B

= C / 0 X

1. Failed States

(5)

"#$

% # &" '#() * (+ ,' - . / (0 ' . -*

85

) 9 ( C ,

/ J $ .1 8 B

F , / u V F? 8 -

A -

1 5

= 3 . eh1 C / B 1 d , F / ,X, / ‚ &

# Nn

) Saltzman, 2014: 7

. (

%*w C /

&

/ C ,NC .

4 9D E # )* + < , 9 D

7 &h5 ,BA ] L .

:

1 / 1 . 3 4 5 $-6 # -* 7 8 9

, 2001 - 1945

3 4 5

?6

1 .

; L Z8

J 3>

B ; B A , 06 0 $ C

A ,4 8 2 8 L :8 A &

. (Attwell, 2016:

55-59)

2 . _ 7 ;1 J , . :[ ; , 0 4

],4.8 8 B

C , / 1 ,8 , F

C , / J .

»6 9D E u V O E

2«

>1 A : 8 C

B # A .

# A L 5

s B A 06 :8, B

A L 5 , B

, . (Atanassova-

Cornelis, 2007: 5)

3 .D 2 , / L 5 =

# 1

.N , $ /

» ,48 B B 9

3« ^ . € m45

) 1 8 m4X

/ J ) 1 .

(Robinson, 2010:

313Atanassova- Cornelis, 2007: 4)

4 . r C , / J 6 g- 9D E c 5 B, /

1 J

B 9

, 8 D <

C 0 / V - . 4 N L 1954 D 0 C / ).

1960 1976 1997

و 2000 , 9D E )1 /

C K.L 0 N L

: 4 # . (Robinson, 2010:

313;Söderberg, 2005: 1)

5 .

‚ & K.C,V + N R

C .C / J U ,-

/ : 1 ) L ‚+

,•8 B 0 X ) L = 1947

9 )

‚ & . ( , /

-,C 1 = =8, B

. 1 = / C / J . (Atanassova-

Cornelis, 2007: 4)

6 . X =8 ‚ & 7N1, :[ ;

9 ,4 s: * X

C M*

/

# : 0 A 7N1, .

/ , ] • m1 0 1 B

C 0 X M /

C , /

.D E : 0 A ‚ & ƒ% # 1992

r A L 8 ,8

$ C , / 4 D # 8 1 N

9D E B 9

# . (Robinson, 2010:

314)

] • R 9D E r

# „ N 8 ‚ & ƒ%

) ,N 4d 1992 ,N 4d q

1993 ( N A F ) 1993 E q B 1995 ( 0Q L / C / . )

V A B 1996

0 .8 1 ( 1 X, ) ,N 1999 - V B 2000 .(

(Miyaoka, 2011:

245;Singh, 2002:

83)

7 . 0 8 4 Bd

m4X / F 8 C /

* , / 0 ,$ : C

/

. 4 9

* . 5 K.L

C ,U 9D E 8 < V A , †

/

F 8 s .8 ] K.L @

Q / ,8 %48 . (Miyaoka, 2011:

245)

^N.

:

0 - 2

1.Self-Defense Forces

2. Japan Defense Agency (JDA) 3. Yoshida Doctrine

(6)

86

52 1 1401

, B 9 B -\

C 0 8 C ZC : ZC 9D E /,J ‡ $*

C 1 † B :

A L / , / J :[ ; r .

4 s=

OD A 2001 =8, C )

D 6 , 4

/ I1 A _6 . 45 # ,

4 4;C 9D E A Z

B ) ] 9 I1

# ,

. = 4 Q b 4 9D E B

- ,

) Söderberg, 2005: 2 (

4 .

/ ,4 Z V

A C / I1 A ,nP4

•5 # , C

/ I1 A , D

A OD 3 2001

] L

2 [ .

1 / 2 .

@0 A

$ $-6 # #$ 1()B , 9

CD E F 2001 CD

#$

2021 - 2001

, 0 J , _ # J 3>

C / V ) ] • :

, L 5 # A + . =

4

u V O E6 $ 3 .(

# X - , / J 0 ) ] • : N1 B u V O E6 :

>1 A 2006

J 0 „ 5 + A

L 5 # A

.(

$ B

* 1 =

;1 e ,V # $

) ] • :

.

* 1 = e ,V

;1

# $ .(

B » 1 0 A V # @

« 0 X 94 ,

$ B

;1 & = # $

2014 ) ] • : )

C ,X / C 8 $ e ,V B

. 0 4; 2

.C

* ,4 .(

J L } 9 )1 )

] • : A ,4 8 B F

* 1 A &

5 •* 5 .(

@V B 3 J L )

] • : m1 B ,1Q M B L 9

J 1 B 9D E ` 2020

.(

K.L r / , 94 A L

C /

A, ,V . ) ] • : K.L 94 r C

/

5

0 4; IV , < V .(

;%1 0 X , 0 ,$ r A L

C /

L 5 ) ] • :

;%1 0 X , 2015

.(

=8, _ #

J , N 4 D ) ] • :

=8, 0 X

# : 0 A ‚ & ƒ%

1992 ( ..

=8, J #

) ] • : A A N /

B B

* 5

0 … .(

8

% Q = / 4; * 3>

4 D N ) ] • :

F 8

=5 # -

, / K.L

IV 0 4;

.(

8 N

% 1 = / 1 J # @ )

] • : ,5 B

D 4V, ,1 B

F 9

C C /

2.L B, A

, B g- / , @8, 1 F

C / 4;*

F

@V B 3 AB , B B C A 16 22 ,V .(

24; ] )%

B, : 8 )

] • : ,

5 K.L M .

0 4; IV , < V

U B4 B, .(

1 B L = B . $1 9D E 2 4

N L

) ] • : A . C : )* 4 /

B, - 9D E

2015 8P1 3 , ,V6 B.

9D E

$4 0 . /

] )V .(

. 7 4 ) ] • : B, N L $1 -

9D E .(

, e,4;-

=8 C / . 4 +.

/ 9

*

N L .?

,- B ) ] • : C ) ) . / C

4

* ,4 .C N L .?

C 8 / 1 06 6 .(

V )

] • : 1 : 8 =%* >

B ) =

J .(

gD B

* j; e, =

C 9D E ,4 /

. 4

L < ; 1 A

B J ) = )

] • :

4 B . ,J … 0 X # h& C

.(

^N.

:

0 - 2

(7)

"#$

% # &" '#() * (+ ,' - . / (0 ' . -*

87

# h& 1 +. 4

# &

4V,-

=;

/ C . 1 3B @V , 5 *

9D E ) L L a, , I1 9D E J . A

J :[ ;

= . ,D 8

p,+ 3> 9B 0 B D ? #Q $1 9B Y / C B 1 3 8 = 9B

eh1 W=

1 3 ,D 8g

` D .

4 .

!"#$ %/ 0 # 1 % # !2 3 2 ) ] C / 5 , . V .

4 )4 / . B p,R 1 B C / L B nP1 ,

06 C , .

= 9D E 45 ,D 8

A L 0 1

: )* 4 C / u V ,

) 2010 ( , 0

u V #

….D 1

, 9D E * /

] C / 2023 - 2019

) Japan

Ministry of Defense, December 2018

* ] / , V , : )* 4 (

2019

06 A ,1 ,V 9D E u V # A . 2

2021

Japan Ministry of Defense, 2021) (

,8 . ) t$N 9B Z

,1 B _ / C B 1 9 4. ,

=$1 9D E = . 8

nP1 ,X , .

9B

M 1,1

# N A /,NB / C B 1 Z;B ,1

7 $ :[ ; B B / A

5 K.L 4;BA

=*

C /

/ C / , - .

4 . 1 . 1 ) 2 45

,1 B 8 Z;

A ,V f ,V

,- B

= 5 6

_ 0 ,2BA / A = @ 4* ,

C =B

Honna, 2015: 293)

(

5 = . / , / L B 1 9

* :B N1

=

) Japan Ministry of Defense, 2021: 15

.(

a,&

Z;B ,1 8 3B @V A ,J

=* Z;B ,1 = C % 8 , I1 - @ 4 . :r) C

= ,8

) Hughes, 1998: 40

.(

9D E B C 8 A ,X C 8 =

4;B ,1 / C

/ , 8 = 0 1

,BA ,8

: A - B

8 1 ,4 9

1995 ) a ,) ,1 B 9 B ,1 B 4;

5 9D E ) (

5800 5A 13

4 8 (

M g- / C / .& , B ^

3 ;4 1974 ) 207 5A 8 4 8 ( 0 45

/ 8 C 0 4 B

D 1976

) 80 5A 2 4 8 ( 8 B 9 L /

40

2000 D , )

10 5A ( 4 B

1 ;1 A 1994 5

) 600 5A 7

4 8 ( 8 n

6 B 1998 ) 67 5A 4

4 8 (

Asai & Arnold,)

1.Medium Term Defense Program

2.National Defense Program Guidelines for FY 2019 and Beyond 3. Mitsubishi

4. Yosakoi-Soran 5. Matsumoto sarin 6. Wakayama

(8)

88

52 1 1401

(2003

0 4 8 24

.D E R / C

11 ,N 4d 2001 0 - ,- - , / .D E 0 ,2 ,-

A O 1

<

2015 ) 5A ,% 0 4 8 ,% 0

B ,2 ( / A

h ,- B 0 B ]

) Yu, 2016: 119

.D E 0 , A ,% 0 4 8 (

2015 A

,1 ,- / B

4;

3

) Zarate, 2016: 4

4;B ,1 / C (

K.C C B E

2016 1 8 L

) Zarate, 2016: 7

M (

g- / 2018 / m4X M 6 . B 1 c

9D E

) Zarate, 2016: 8

. (

4V B 9B,4

$1 / C :

B C /

1Q ,BA : :

1 . ,4 X / C

M 6 .D E 0 , 8 „ 5 4;B ,1 ,- / A

C / .1

s= h 4;B ,1 2

. 4;B ,1 / C

4V,- 8 4; R Z

06 a C .D E 0 , A

,4 8 ,_ / C 8 0 , Z 4; / C

s=

3 . A OD 1995 .D E 0 , 0 ,X a C , ,4 8 4;B ,1 / C

nP1 , ,4 g-,

/ ,

= C / 4 @8, 1 8 1

) Pietrzyk, 2016: 199

. (

/ , ] •

a C 3 / C , / A .D E , 0 4 8 =B 0 ,8 }X 4

U ah4[ A 9D E =* *

= 3 s2

4 . 9D E m1 B 0 .

# X A C

/

m4X / FB A 6

M C / m4X / ,1 B A Z;

/ B ,2 B

@- 9

,1 8 B Z;

; ) .1 )

0 , 0 L B 1 (

m4X A /

@

D C /

%.

/, 2 ?

$1 9D E ,

= ,8 : .

4 . 2 . 3 2 ) 62 7

- ,4;- / C

B ,N / ) Nq # hR =X, : qC

/ q4*

qJ

AB

=5 , C / (...

06 94V ,V ] q q8 =q q MN / CA, A C

qC /

,q 5 q /,NB q / C qB 1 qN1 q L 3* q?

B : q

) Information Security Policy

Council Japan, 2013: 1 Japan Ministry of Defense, 2021: 11-16;

q C q (

* 9 q :

, rV 0 . 8 5 /

A / rV C B 9 A A OD 0 .

» Kq.L Z .D 0 «

..8 }B,)1

) Florescu & Glenn, 2015: 7 (

.

B , 9 B 7 8 ?,C /

24;q

q ,4 /

.V / 6 ˆ,) ,4 4 = ,4.B ,X M

- ,

) Noor, 2015: 160 (

.

1 . / , B # hR =V

@L ,4 B # X i

,1 ‰ ,1

B 4;

0 L 0 L .D E 0 245

06

) (Pietrzyk, 2016: 198

.

2 . A B 5 A 6 @.

] ,V B F 8 )1 200

Q 0 / 9D E B

U ah4[ A = MN 3

,$1 B F B ,1 ,- 9 B

4;

X Vh1 L B .D E 0 ,

) Yu, 2016: 119

.(

(9)

"#$

% # &" '#() * (+ ,' - . / (0 ' . -*

89

/ 9D E B

A ‚+ 9B,1Q A B

=5 , C /

= 0 L 1 , >

. 9B 3B @V

.) # R N1 # hR / .V A %4 ‚+

/ 6 M gD B , / /Q u , , 9D E

/ C B 1

= 4 ,4.B )

Information Security Policy Council Japan, 2013: 1

.(

0

C 8

/ 9D E 0 L 6 ? N1

M gD B , / / C B 1 =N;

B 4 ,4.

,X .

9B

Š ZX 6 A 3 , , M

gD B , / .L ,8 . B 6 / C 8 ,B . BA * ,4

= D 2.

) Dardenne, 2018: 1

( A .

Z L

,1 B 9 ] /,NB / C C

/ , 5

0 1 ;4 =8,

) x @ ,1 B 9D E V D 9 (

C /

B / =8, 9B )

Z4;

C / F =5 ,R f , .2.L / C D C C

(

) Dardenne, 2018: 1

( /,NB / C 2015

A 3 m> # hR 0 V

,% 0 )

Kallender &Hughes: 2017: 122

( 1000 N /,NB

C / 4*

06 7N1, @8 , 2016

)

Dardenne, 2018: 1

( / C

?

=8, 9 C

/

& m5

8 9;8 =5 A ] )V B

19 . #

B B ,N / / A

/ 0 A C / A 7N1, /

C / d * 8 1 F

Japan Ministry of Defense, 2021: 22) (

,8 . B 6 A 0 @ 9 M

gD B , / . ,J 1 = MN /,NB / C B 1 , ,

4V,- 2018

,)1 9D E , ,J A 4 . B 1 9 4;> /,NB / C B

} .

1 / 3 . 7H -B ' . -I. ,

#( J K3B * " L$- 9

# X 9 ? ~ %

4;C , /

* ,8

3 L # , I1

b6 C

/,NB / C C 8 ,B

8

82 67 63 86 81 .L ,8

69 73 52 75 81 ,

56 61 79 67 69 9 d V

51 47 59 60 58 * ,4

43 57 81 56 56 /@

56 61 63 67 69 9 2

^N.

: (Poushter & Huang, 2019: 3)

€ m5 P . 4;B ,1 / C

[ 0 ,2 .8 A 4 0 1 :

] ,-

,- € >

C / ,1 B 4;

4* , _ 0 ,2BA s

=* ,- 0 ,2 .8 C

4 : )

Dardenne, 2018: 2

.(

, D <

3 B , 4. . O 2021

/ A ,NC 4

/ . = B ,N

1/

* ,8

? .8 9 A A

B

& 0 ,2

1. Cybersecurity Strategic Headquarters (CSHQ)

(10)

90

52 1 1401

1 B . ..8 = B ,N / , / V,) 9D E .

A <

B B 4 9 B

8 9

1 ] B

= X

= C / B ,N / ) B J A \ (

/ C B ,N / a C

m4X /

.4;C

) Won-Gi, 2021

.(

,

<

6 40 A &

/,NB / C

9D E 2014

= 4V,- # & 9 ? / A .

B 8 8 9 B

A rV 9

;C = X ] C rV .4

/ A / N1 Z .D 0

B ,8 :

) Kallender&

Hughes, 2017: 139

.(

4 +.

B - = X 9 9D E 0 4V ,

B 1 5,?

J /A

,NB / rV 8 C 5

@V A B . 1 3 /

C / J B

,N / A NX B F

/ C B ,N / A / B = ,2

) Baylon, 2014: 7

.(

6 c M gD B , / / C B 1 , , 9D E B

,N /

$ . 7 4 6 , 6 B

/

$ B

= C / X 9D E L 1 / C

=V,- C 5 # & ,4 C B 1 .

i + 9

A J %4 0 X .V

/ . C u 9

u U MN

=

; 8 /

. 1 A /

C X / C _ A 9D E J ,

‚ & %4 6

@

&h5 .

C 9 . A ,- /,NB / C 0 .

,NC C / %4 0 4

}B,)1 9 / C , })U A Z .8

2 6 0 1 5 9D E })U 2? 8 ,8 c

4 X B 2> D / C @ = )X 9D E 94V,- ,X 9 %4 ‹ MN

D B 9

= 9B,B =N; ,1 .

B B .V j; 9 /

C / rV B

= 9D E .

B j; 9 \B

] C / , 5

= X C / A } 4> / C 8 9 B rV L

< ; ; B rV J ) t$ 9 ?

) Suzuki, 2014: 30 (

.

4 . 3 . 8 2

%2

C C / L K.L A OD A 6

C / L 5 =

* 9D E B

= C / . =

,

<

m4X i+.

/

& 5 D B B

@ /

) Attwell, 2016: 66 (

B .

i+. 9

4;>

D 9 B . B = . 9 r1 /, / A6 B B = / ,NC f +5

1 Z ; 9D E / m4X = . / , 9D E / , u U 9B 8 B L 1

j;

/ 1 1

) Japan Ministry of Defense, 2021: 32

.(

] C / , 5

B B / C, ; . B B / A 4 D R

N•1 4 . ,2 FB 0 .

=

= . L P1 A ,2 < ; 9B

, 6 = . 9 C

/ 9

* = .

X / C / C B 1 B 2> D J MN J

0 4V,- 9D E

FB 0 .

@L 8

B , / D [E < ; 7B , 4

,B 24; 4 . ] )% 7B , F

P1 / , C 8 = . 9

=

) Japan Ministry of Defense, 2013: 243

9 C (

(11)

"#$

% # &" '#() * (+ ,' - . / (0 ' . -*

91

< ; u , / , 8 9B c,$ - X

B C 0 ,$ ` D / , C

= .

# $( . 1 . ' P Q R 8

#$ Q $E$

' '

#$ S 9T U+ * 2018

Statista, 2019 :^N.

4 . 4 . ( 96) :; 5 9

8 2 05

?,- / C,+5 7 $

4;BA

= L

6 +.

X ,B A 3 6 <

= ,nP4 j; 9B A iR . .

,X ,U ] 0

V A B NR ^ ) 6 +.

-

D

% F ,4 B € m45 5 0 L 9 .

, 6 <

0 ] C /

1970 1 2011 2

6 ,% 0 ,n

V B NR ^ ) 4 8 8

B 9 0 @

75 V # % 1 :8 A &

B : 0 L , , ^

) Femia & Werrell, 2015:

(14

. @ 9D E

@L 8 FB 0 . B

, / 6 +.

- D A / C B 1 A F %

b6 # , I1 A / C B 1 =; 0 + $ # , I1 C

MN =

8

# , I1 4. / C B 1 .8 b6

B C 3* ? A B 0 .

C / m1 = .

) Japan Ministry of Defense, 2021: 22

.(

, <

…B 4

$1 i D # $1 @8, ,2

C

. A I1 7 $ # ,

4;BA

@L

‹ ,2

&

9D E ,

= .

:BQ ,2 I1 A 9D E 7 $ # ,

4;BA 0 1

,BA # &

,8 ,8~

:

1 .

@L B , / A A ,2 9D E 0 B

, 9 A 3B ,- ,n 8 9B 94V b6

) Chowdhury, 2017: 14

( s 2 . , V NR ^ . ) 1 B D 9D E m4X I1

7 $ # ,

4;BA ) A 6 ^ . 94V 0 /

C . 2

, / A 8 / (...

s 3 . , A <,1 B

D =

I1 7 $ # ,

C 8 4;BA /

; C B 9D E .

- / B D

, / C /

= 5 6 B @V / m4X D ,V @ B 1 CA, 3.1 X, _ #,L B D 3

s/A, iR . 4

. ^ . N 8 B 3C 8 / ,NC

) B g_ B B ^ . .

/, 2 C (...

(12)

92

52 1 1401

b6 ^ . =B,B 3.1 C

/ A, ,V / 4 7 ;1 / , C 8 0 = X B

^ . ,

) Council for Security Cooperation in the Asia Pacific, 2010: 2

.(

D B B 0

8 =%- + $ = .

B L ) /

Z ? @V L = . A

) Florescu & Glenn,

2015: 7

8 (

9B MN u U / V ,IL , I1

= C / C 8 V

) Youngs, 2014: 13 (

/ 8 ,- 0 9B ] .

. / , J AQ / C @ 9D E

` D 1 Nn

. 7 $ / C B 1 A

4 4;BA ,B A 3

. <,1 < ; C 8 .8

.

1 / 4 . 7H -B ' , ' HB 9

#(

"

- 3 J

8 . B 1

* 4

&

8 **

4 . B 1

&

I1 L # , b6

39 C I1

L # , b6

52 C

# X ~ %

39 B, 1 Nn

9 *

50 *

9 ? 1 Nn

9 *

38 *

* ,4

4;C , /

* ,8

47

4;C , /

* ,8

77

I1 L # , b6

59 C

? ~ % # X

74 9 1 Nn

9 *

56 *

9D E I1 L # , b6

72 C

@ / ,- C / .1 / h 49

~ % # X B,

60

1 Nn 9 *

* 47

,- C / .1 / h

34 4;C ,

/

* ,8 45

0 4;8 D 1 Nn 0 4;8 D

23

@*

/ 4;C , / 0 ,B 44

I1 L # , b6 C 85

I1 L # , b6 C 66

1 Nn 9 *

* 83

4;C , /

* ,8 61

,8 .L 4;C , /

* ,8 82

V d 9 ,- C / .1 / h 60

= B*) : Z ,1 B . / C B 1 9 4

s

**

& , ,2 0 @ (

ﻊﺒﻨﻣ : (Pew Research Center, 2013: 5)

4 . 5 . /=# > ?

% 0@1 A 3

) L A , 9

* L 3* ? B

/ . , X L =

L 06 =

f , ZC

D C / 9

*

=*

C / =

) Tokyo Foundation, 2008: 9 (

?,- .

11 ,N 4d nP1 =$1 9D E = . Z 4; R

,X , 0 4 8 0 4 B

B 0 ,$ 0 B,L .D E , /

nP1 A Z 4; , =*

, B

,8 X 9D E = . .

- , D 9D E 0 C

/

%.

=*

C / A

B F

(13)

"#$

% # &" '#() * (+ ,' - . / (0 ' . -*

93

D / , L : A J / C @ =; 8 # ,U 2

, / ],4.8 =B,B

K.L C / ,2B / A .. / C 8 5 ,J p,R MN

B C

€ m5 , I1

C @ / 4 . J N 4 D / m4X A B 2> D ,+5

/ C A

=*

C / ..

.

4 . 6 . C 3 D#1

# : E@ F 1

2 1 G1

u / C / D /,; , - B

B L / `B 1 ] R =;

C 4V %1

= . ) .? + /

3> 945 , - 0 C

/ ) L } 4>

/ C / /,;

R ] ) 4 2 = . ‚ & J , _ / C B 1 A B 0 . .

L 1 / C D 9 2.

/ / C /,;

9B u U M .1 7B , .?

4

8 /

= . 0 A :

$4 ,X 4V,-

= 8 A L 0 1

MB m1

.)+X B C

€ m5 A B

) .)+X 1308 1983 ]

/ C 2000 2011 ( Q

) .)+X 2177 2014

( ,8

) r X 6 / 1399 : 189 - 188 (

,8 / .

0 .

A 9B,1 B L /

/ C C - =N; , C

/ ,4;- 3> 5 A 3 D ,1

/

45 , - /, ^ L A =

9 C j;

= )U 0 L , , 1 MN

h / ,+U

) Allgayer & Kanemoto, 2021; OECD, 2020

.(

9D E , 9B A @

N .•4 6 C

/ 9B A _6 0 A A 8 Z 2020

8 9B # )V

» / ,+U = )U «

h

) Japan Extends, 2021

.(

B C 8 L A 9D E ?,-

# 1 iV < ,B u * : , 8 11

4 8

C / 06

5000 X ,%

B E A 6 9B 2021

3B @V # B

=V ZX 1

14000 ,% @C

) Aoki, 2021

.(

5 . H 3 2 ) !"#$ %2 IJ7 " 3 63#

_ / C B 1 , 4. ,

B ,C 8 06 A = B

,8~ / C B 1 A F 4;L, 3

/

I1 .C~ , = 4 9D E 0 4 3 ,D s

/ C 8

B A 9 p,+ .

B 9D E 4 . #Q $1 /,4 0A C B 1 8 Q / C B 1 0 A 8 = 9

4 / C ,NC , I1 J ` D @ 9D E C B 1 9B ,?

,8 4 .

B W= 2? C B 1 9B 9D E ` D = =%- B =;> 3 ,D ` D

8 ,J 8 B C B 1

,X ,+5 ˆ,) 9D E = . Z 4; R

.C nP1 9D E 4 . # , I1 , C B 1 ,B A 3 g-,

. 9 C . A

(14)

94

52 1 1401

B C B 1 .

8 B B / A . Z 4; R

/E, = . /, / A6 B B =

8 9B / 1 f +5 m4X i+. 8

/ ) , B 9B,48 <

( 6 B D , 9D E

= g-

B 1 ..8

/,NB / C B 1 B 8

4* 0 8 ZC Z 4; R

,X ,+5 ˆ,) 9D E ) L ZC .C

B 7 $ / C B 1 =

n6 4;BA

06 A …4.

) ) NR ^ . c,4 =B,B L

/ m4X B L - .C .D #,L

- , / C / /A, ( 8 D E 4;BA . A, / rV Z 4; R 9

B 1 .8

=N;

=* / C B 1 C

/ B

= L , I1 , ,4 Z;B ,1 -

, / g-,n 9D E 0 ,NC

.

€ m5 C B 1 ,B =N; B 1 9B b >4 = 4 .? 0 1

,X L 1 :

=;>

[E = )X t$

D 4 9D E )

@L = )U B

, / 8 9B

7 $ # , I1 A B 0 ,nP4

4;BA 1

P1 9

= X A C /

B B 7 $ , , 9 ? / m4X (

f +5 = . ƒ% # ,U B

B ) 24;

6 / C, ; 9D E B 9

* / , P1

^ . 9 ( )1 2B L 9

4;L, ..8

9D E ) L m4X / .V .

3 ,D ` D )

J / C @ =; 8 9D E @* B ,?

( B 4 .?

,X ,J :

1 . 6 M C / . ^ 4 m4X / ^R X # ,U B

C B 1 9

2 . 8 B

= C / 9D E L )

_ / C @ J ,

( D 2 , / C B 1 ` D

) Pietrzyk, 2016: 197

3 (

. / . 1 J # X A $+ 0 # ,U

C B 1 9B =B $ 0 ^B, B 2> D 4

. L # J4 9D E A 1

, /

=8 J ,4

: * 1 B /Q / m4X .V

/ 4V, D

) Zarate, 2016: 9 (

5 . $1 / ,NC 9D E B,

= 5 C

/ B , 8 9 /

C , C J # .

` D 3 ,D )

/ C ,NC B 2> D

9D E

=N;

1 B C / 9B ( B

-

=%

8 1 3 D A

@C C

X C / 9D E .4N , / C @ J , _

9B

8 ,R A B F 8 i C /

* P 3 / %B N 4 D 4 , B

= C /

9 * .

: 0 A ‚ & ƒ% # =5 ,D

) The Advisory Panel, 2014:

(15

] .

C / ,J , 5 4

9 / C B 1 B 2> D / C ,NC 9D E 4 . 9B

> u .1 4 . #hr) 5 .

3> 9B 0 1

A 4 X C ,8 ,8~

:

1 . 5 # h&

) I1 : X # ,

/ ( 2 . )1 e,4;- C i

/ C /

9 * 8 B j; 9

6 R .

/ ,NC O ).

=

) Japan

1 . / , ] • 0 ; .8 $4 : 0 A

€ m5

= 1 8 0 B B / A B B / A b 8, C

,2B B B ..8 / C : 8 R

) Japan Ministry of Defense, 2013: 243 .(

(15)

"#$

% # &" '#() * (+ ,' - . / (0 ' . -*

95

Ministry of Defense, 2021: 23-33

.(

/ , 2013

4;>

9 ,NC . = 9D E

, 9D E 8 ,8 h C :& <

/ 9

* Q )V =8

/ A ‚ & .

B ,8 C 5

) Tatsumi, 2014

.(

.N , / B 6 C . 9 ] 8 Z

C / 5 9D E ,

eh1 C / , 5 / C e,4;- /

C / 9

* A . :[ ; . 4

7N1, :[ ;

= e,4;- ‚ &

. / , 1

eh1 0 , 9D E

/ r B ah4[ =

1 hR a ,)

» Z ? ….D

1« A : 4 8 B

#Q

* ,4 8 $4 .*A

= 0 4; 2 ,8

) Won-Gi, 2021

.(

B r ,2 B

= B 8 9

» 8 ,-

2«

* ,4 .C B, A : 4 9D E

) Kutty & Basrur, 2021

,1 (

B …

%

» B.

-

D

% F A6 A

3« / A B

,- 9

=

Japan Ministry of Defense, 2021: 1-2) (

.

0 @V , . A o 6 9B , 6 @.

=;>

AB 9D E 9 D , ,

6B B 9

,U ] 8 = iV 1

m5

€ / C B 1 .

=

` D C /

06

= 6 L s

B 8 # & 9 B

. 8P1 ^ L = 1 ,

. ) =

4 ,J 9 C 4. / C B 1 0 @ _

, 4.

J 9

Z8 : * L Z8 / B ,

m4X / P1 . 9 = $1 B

#Q

= 4V,- $4 .

B 9 B 9D E ,

. a C 0 ,8 ,4;- 4

/ . . A =Y % 4 . 7 $ N , =

9

* ; = . 9 r1 L ‚+ ? , D 7 $ ? ...

45 ,D

= ,NC

A . =

4

= 4; 8 :

1 . 1 B C 45 = /

5

) 0 X ‡ $* ? g-

/ ‡ $* ? /

( 2 . 1 B $1 = B

#Q $4 0 .

& 0 4 .

= 9D E 3 . 1 e,4;- B

C = /

C / +.

/ 9

* , /

3* ? C

/ 4. / C B 1 Y .

J A / C B 1

B 9

. 4 B A =%- 0 4 /

B B 4;> A C @ =; 8 8

/ J 5

B

= . , X <

~ >1 9 2009

9D E 4 8 A =; 1

C / : 1

.8 =JV $ B B / A , , .

0 @V 9B ,

= L @ ph A %4 0

) Japan

Ministry of Defense, 2013: 244 (

/ , ) ] 9B A .

9 4;>

/ C , @ C

U N L .? =B P 5 A u V B C , : )1 B B / A

A , _ B

#Q $4

) / C 40

,2B 8 (

$ / , 4 8 A =JV

C / : 0 … 5 / 1

4;C * Z

) Vosse, 2016: 2 (

.

1. The Five Eyes Alliance

2. Quad

3. The “Free and Open Indo-Pacific” (FOIP)

(16)

96

52 1 1401

6 . K

; ?,- /

$1 A : C . #Q $1

4 9D E B

C , /

^X ,- B @8, 1

, / C B 1

?

* ,8 9

4* 0 ,2 .8 0 . 1

B # & A -

, B 9

eh1 4

@- =; 8 C

/ , x .d8 M4 3

/ C B 1 _

4. ,

. #Q $1 4

45 ,D 9D E .

4 ,J =; 8 9

@- C / / $ M4

x .d8 .

A 3 B _ 0 ,2 4* , ,V / C B 1

A, ,V / . _ = J ,

1 3 B _ 4. , I1 , ,nw . # ,

4 2 C 8 45 ,D 9D E 06

C B -\

C B

. . nP1 ^ g-, / A, ,V / 0

= , ,4;- <

=; 8 # ,U Q

C @ / _ J , 06 : c,4 C

. L C c ,4

B 9 C B 1

B -\

C / Q 4 0 B L 1 # %1 g-,n 0 @

/ ,C # B

A F C B 1 ,

. = 9D E 06 D

. #Q $1 4

B

= 8 9

. A B B A / C B 1

_ 4. , g-,n /

06 I1 , C C ,NC ,

/ . 4 9D E 1 4 ,J 8 =%- 0 9

)X D [E < ; = 4

F B 24; 8 9 B

m4X / L 5 # R N1 06

.o C .V K ,D 3 9 /

1 9D E ) L m4X B

A / B B / C

B ,N / I1 # , 7 $ 4;BA A 3 B , C B 1 .

=*

C / B

,1 B Z;

/ C / ,;

/

= L , -

, / C / .8 nP1 9D E =*

g-, .

,C B 9 C B 1

,NC # @*

/ , /

= ,)1 9D E 0 g- B

L 06 A 8 ,8 } 0 1

u .1

>

C ,NC C @ /

2> D B s ,8 U I1 8 A , B C , /

m4X / B C , / J A N L ,- B N L .?

,- B D C / /, 2 ? ,

. 45 = 4

L , 9D E /

.4 g- . D B 0 B

; 9D E 8 =%- ,

/ 1

Q R , / - , / J : 8 0 ,$ :[ ;

C / L B L s

9 4;>

A , B ,V 9 B I1 A N . : 8 ,

9 0 X B

= 8 9

.

B .;

0 - h 8 ..

C,D : 3C \D h5 :[ ; 1 L ^V . ˆ )1 8 A A @

/

4 B ] 3 A B 1 * F 3C \D ,

B 0 ,2 A

/ B :)L

^N. C A / :)L

U ^ . B = C -6 E B 3C \D 4V ‹

_ , R : 8 B = ,8 .

L=Ĥ 1 N

O@#

(

%7 Q 1 . C , N

) . 1393 0 6 (

» , B

; / . % ,5P4 M1 = .

4 V « . m # )* +

,NC / 17 66 : 30 - 7 . : http://quarterly.risstudies.org/article_11559.html

Referensi

Dokumen terkait

His research interests focus on policy processes and environmental politics, and his work has been published in the Policy Studies Journal, Political Research Quarterly, and