Based on studies by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the Earth's average temperature has increased by about 0.6°C in the twentieth century. The 7QMAX changes under RCP2.6 in the near future show the same trend comparing the observation period.
The effect of high-rise buildings on the pedestrian thermal comfort in urban areas, based on the Penn index (Case study: Hamadan Jihad Axis
Effect of Tall Buildings on Pedestrian Thermal Comfort in Urban Areas Based on the Penn Index (Case Study: Hamadan Jihad Axis.
In the present research, we have conducted library research on Persian and English sources and also field review after recognizing the factors influencing comfort through these sources and determining the research in the next step to determine the heights of total buildings. . Based on the given case, it can be understood that through the context the comfort index can benefit from the given knowledge in order to evaluate the thermal situation of a location, determine its requirements to eat and as a result, determine the confrontation policy for controlled and promoted ion. of thermo-l co mfort conditions. In order to prevent as much as possible the flow of turbulent wind in the crossing, the construction of high buildings over 25 m around urban spaces should be avoided.
In order to reduce the downward wind pressure created around the tall buildings inside the urban spaces, it is recommended that tall buildings have a circular or polygonal shape. In order to prevent the intensification of created turbulent flows of tall buildings around or inside the urban spaces, the concave front should not be used for the winter wind front surface. To prevent from intensifying the effect of corner and round tall buildings, it is recommended.
If the passage is located next to the tall buildings, the passage must be provided with a windbreak, to protect the passage surface from the corner effect created by tall buildings.
Measurement framework for assessing Iran’s provincial state in terms of green economy concept
First step: Determination of the operational (measurement) model of the green economy and propose measurement indices for the dimensions and components of the model based on the meta-analysis of the indices presented in the quadruple resources of UNEP, OECD, World Bank and GGGI for the green economy. Typology of the regions based on the green economy concept (the basis of the conceptual model of this research) Typology of regions based on the green economy concept. Also, (3) is the intensity of management and control responses of these regions to environmental issues in four different sizes, and (4) is the environmental condition as well as the natural and human assets of the region.
Among other things, the province of Tehran will have the opportunity to access the green economy due to a better position in environmental responses in case of managing the pressure on the environment and improving the productivity of the economy. But provinces like Yazd and Hormozgan will lose their resilience given the current economic recession and environmental constraints (natural poverty). Based on the research model and according to the need to take regional differences into account, macroeconomic approaches to green economy planning could be classified into four groups.
Although the successful realization of the green economy agenda requires the integration and simultaneous implementation of all the approaches presented in the regions, of course, with different priorities of the approaches based on the regional conditions.
Ecological landscape design in semi-arid areas on basis of water sensitive urban design approach (Case study: Mohajeran City)
To calculate the capacity of the cisterns that are able to store water in the rainy season and use it in the dry season, we used equation (3). So, the total volume of gray water in the study area is calculated to be about 41.3 m3 per day. In the first category, protection, native green patches that have adapted to climatic conditions and are resilient will be protected.
The offensive strategy will identify sites that are not adapted to local conditions in the area and gradually replace inappropriate or exotic species with suitable ones. In the recovery strategy, those parts of the area that have been affected or damaged as a result of construction or urban infrastructure development are restored. In the opportunistic strategy, the goal is to create green structures in the area or change gray infrastructure into green infrastructure.
Through this study, it is demonstrated that water resource management under WSUD in cooperation with ecological landscape design could address some environmental challenges, such as reducing urban water demand.
Simulation and determine hydraulic capacity Gorsouzan estuary in urban flood whit use HEC-RAS model (Case study: Part of Bandar Abbas)
Then the height of the Bank station points (or the boundary points into which the flow point of the section overflows) in the right and left sections is determined. Therefore, to introduce the height of the high, we used the familiar W.S option for the downstream condition. In the fourth scenario we have the upstream basin of the input discharge to the urban area.
In the following, the results of the hydraulic simulation of the studied estuary flow based on different scenarios are presented. Of course, at some intervals, some parts of estuarine channels do not have the capacity to carry a 100-year discharge. But most intervals have the ability to tolerate drawdowns with varying return periods.
In fact, the estuary only has the capacity to carry the discharge of the urban area.
CO removal using single stage plasma- catalytic hybrid process in laboratory scale
The interaction between gas flow temperature and spacetime is found significant (p < 0.05) in hybrid reactors, which could be important from a specific aspect of the input energy. This effect in a plasma-only reactor is significant (p < 0.05) and the average removal efficiency increases as spacetime increases. Improvement in CO removal efficiency due to the positive effect of spacetime is explained by an average power enhancement of discharges and therefore an increase in spacetime, since the average power determines the average electron density, which in turn affects the excitation rates and molecular separation in gas gives.
Also, from the aspect of specific input energy, the optimal removal efficiency is achieved at low specific input energy (SIE) and the lowest time of experiments space (0.13 s) at 80oC. This effect is positively significant in the catalytic reactor (p < 0.05), but not significant in the plasma and hybrid reactors (p> 0.05). The removal of carbon monoxide using the hybrid plasma-catalytic reactor has been studied from various perspectives of improving the removal efficiency, catalytic performance temperature, energy consumption, hydrocarbon decomposition, and the synergy factor of the hybrid process.
Average CO removal efficiency (36.33%) is achieved using the single-phase hybrid reactor under optimal experimental conditions of temperature=.
A investigation of the quantity and quality of coastal solid waste (Case study: Coasts of Noor city)
An Investigation of Coastal Solid Waste Quantity and Quality (Case Study: Noor City Beaches). In Liduo Coastal Plague of Ramsar City, it was stated that waste generation in August and April is higher than December (Bakhshi et al., 2013). This comparison showed that the situation in the regions is somewhat similar due to the months of the presence of tourists.
One-way analysis (ANOVA) was used to examine the different components of waste in the months of the year. Mean difference between the different components of the waste and the months based on Tukey's test was presented. One of the reasons for this item could be traveling to urist on Norooz and their excessive use of plastic bottles and sucked food in the coastal areas.
TiO2 is considered one of the best catalysts due to its high photocatalytic activity.
Developing a framework for community resilience to drought in Isfahan through qualitative research method and ATLAS-ti software
Developing a framework for community resilience to drought in Isfahan through qualitative research method and ATLAS-ti software. In addition, social and cultural domains were combined and according to the data analysis, spatio - physical domain was added to the model. Finally, due to the critical role of information and communication domain, it is placed in the middle of the final model.
This study therefore studied the stakeholders' beliefs, attitudes and experiences about the main contributing factors to the resilience of two diverse communities in Isfahan. The main themes of social level critical to community resilience include urban management, economic situation, sustainable development and laws, and the main themes of local community level consist of economic, socio-cultural, political (local governance institutions), natural, spatial -physical, and information and communication factors. Among all the identified themes in this study, the socio-cultural domain is the most contributing factor to the resilience of selected communities in Isfahan.
Finally, it is suggested that qualitative research methods be used by researchers involved in the development of urban and community resilience frameworks.
Optimal placement of rows of buildings in residential areas to reduce the accumulation of sand particles affected by sadobistrozeh wind of Sistan
Statistical data (wind speed and direction) come from the statistics of the synoptic meteorological station in Zabul. Later using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) using simulation to understand wind behavior in urban form. Due to the nature of wind, the most important factor in controlling air flow at the city scale is the geometry of the space.
Since sand is closer to the ground surface and under the wind is not much from the ground due to large loads, the study of the air flow at the ground connection to the building was tested in different cases. The sand is close to the surface of the earth and during the wind they do not come too far from the ground due to high altitudes. The air flow at the ground connection to the building was also tested in different cases and the air flow behavior was simulated around the building (on the ground, at a distance of 1 m from the ground and at a distance of 2 m from the ground).
It was found that around the buildings and on the ground, as the wind speed decreases, at the boundary of the connection between the ground and the building, the speed reaches zero, while the pilot building increases the wind speed at all points of the building near the ground.
