هﺪﺷ حﻼﺻا ﺮﯿﺷ ردﻮﭘ :
ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ و ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ ردﻮﭘ يﺎﻫ
ﻢﻌﻃ راد
ﯽﻣﺎﮐﺎﺗ ﯽﻤﺗﺎﺣ ﺐﻨﯾز هﺪﯿﺳ
1
1 - ناﺮﯾا ،يرﺎﺳ ،نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﻞﮐ هرادا ،ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻊﯾﺎﻨﺻ و مﻮﻠﻋ ﺶﺨﺑ
) ﺖﻓﺎﯾرد ﺦﯾرﺎﺗ :
05 / 09 / 96 شﺮﯾﺬﭘ ﺦﯾرﺎﺗ :
19 / 10 / 96 (
هﺪﯿﮑﭼ
ا زا يﺮﯿﮔﻮﻠﺟ يﺎﻫرﺎﮑﻫار زا ﯽﮑﯾ ﯽﺘﺣار ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا يﺪﯾﺪﺟ تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﻧراد زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻞﻤﺤﺗ مﺪﻋ ﻪﮐ يداﺮﻓا ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﯽﻨﺒﻟ تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ فﺮﺼﻣ عﺎﻨﺘﻣ
ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ سﺮﺘﺳد رد .
ﮏﻤﮐ ﻪﺑ و زاﺪﯾزﻮﺘﮐﻻﺎﮔﺎﺘﺑ ﻢﯾﺰﻧآ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ و ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ و زﻮﻣ ﻢﻌﻃ ﺎﺑ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ ردﻮﭘ عاﻮﻧا ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا مﺎﺠﻧا زا فﺪﻫ
ﺑ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ و ﯽﺸﺷﺎﭘ ﻦﮐ ﮏﺸﺧ دﻮﺑ ﺎﻬﻧآ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ و ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ يﺎﻬﯿﮔﮋﯾو ﯽﺧﺮ
. و ﺖﯿﻟﻼﺣ ﺲﯾﺪﻧا ،تارذ هزاﺪﻧا ،زﻮﺘﮐﻻ و ﯽﺑﺮﭼ ،ﻦﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ،ﺖﺑﻮﻃر راﺪﻘﻣ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ ردﻮﭘ و زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ زﻮﻣ ﺮﯿﺷ يﺎﻫردﻮﭘ ﻪﺘﺧﻮﺳ تارذ .
نﻮﻣزآ يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ يژﻮﻟﻮﯿﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻞﯿﻓوﺰﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﯽﻠﮐ ،يزاﻮﻫ ا ،مﺮﻓ
ﺮﺷ ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺰﯿﻧ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ زﻻﻮﮔآﻮﮐ سﻮﺋروا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠﯿﻓﺎﺘﺳا و ﯽﻠﮐﺎﯿﺸﯾ .
مﺎﺠﻧا ﺰﯿﻧ ﯽﺴﺣ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا ،بآ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ نﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳزﺎﺑ زا ﺲﭘ
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ . ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد راﺮﻗ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﺪﺣ رد ﻦﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ و ﯽﺑﺮﭼ ،ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ناﺰﯿﻣ ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﺮﻈﻧ زا .
ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ 68
% ﻦﯿﺑ ردﻮﭘ تارذ هزاﺪﻧا 180
ﺎﺗ
500 ،ﺖﺷاد راﺮﻗ ﺮﺘﻣوﺮﮑﯿﻣ 30
% زا ﺮﺘﮔرﺰﺑ 500 و ﺮﺘﻣوﺮﮑﯿﻣ 2
زا ﺮﺘﮑﭼﻮﮐ ﺪﺻرد 125
دﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﻣوﺮﮑﯿﻣ .
و زﻮﻣ ﺮﯿﺷ و ﻦﯾﺮﯿﺷ ﻢﻌﻃ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ
ندﻮﺒﻧ ﻦﯾﺮﯿﺷ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ )
هدوﺰﻓا ﺮﮑﺷ ﺪﻗﺎﻓ (
رادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﯽﻟﻮﺒﻗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺖﯿﺑﻮﻠﻄﻣ زا زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ زﻮﻣ ﺮﯿﺷ رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺎﻣا ﺪﻨﺘﺷاﺪﻧ ﻢﻌﻃ ﺖﯿﺑﻮﻠﻄﻣ دﻮﺑ
. ﺮﯿﺷ
ﻦﯿﯾﺎﭘ هﺮﻤﻧ ﻢﻌﻃ ظﺎﺤﻟ ﻪﺑ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ ﯽﻨﻌﻣ فﻼﺘﺧا زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ زﻮﻣ ﺮﯿﺷ ﺎﺑ و دﻮﻤﻧ ﺐﺴﮐ يﺮﺗ
ﺖﺷاد يرﺎﻣآ راد )
p<0.05 .(
ﺮﯿﺷ لﻮﺼﺤﻣ ود ﻦﯾا
ﻢﻌﻃ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﺷ ﺐﯾﺎﻌﻣ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و نآ ﻦﯾﺮﯿﺷ ﻢﻌﻃ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﺷ ﺐﯾﺎﻌﻣ هﺪﺷ حﻼﺻا
ًﺎﺘﺒﺴﻧ ﺮﮑﺷ ندوﺰﻓا ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ ار ﯽﻟﻮﻤﻌﻣ راد ﻻﺎﺑ
) 7 - 6
ﺪﺻرد ( ﻢﻌﻃ ندوﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﯽﻨﯾﺮﯿﺷ بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎﻧ ﻢﻌﻃ ﺶﻟﺎﭼ و ﺪﻧراﺪﻧ هﺪﻨﻫد
ﯽﻣ ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ ﺪﯾﺪﺟ لﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺖﺻﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻞﻤﺤﺗ مﺪﻋ ﻪﮐ يداﺮﻓا ﻪﮐ ددﺮﮔ
ﯽﻣ ﯽﺘﺣار ﻪﺑ يدﺎﻋ داﺮﻓا ﻦﯿﻨﯿﭽﻤﻫ و ﺪﻧراد ﺪﻨﯾﺎﻤﻧ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺮﯿﺷ دﺪﻌﺘﻣ يﺎﯾاﺰﻣ زا و ﺪﻨﯾﺎﻤﻧ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﻬﻧآ زا ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ
.
ﺪﯿﻠﮐ نﺎﮔژاو : ﺮﯿﺷ ،ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ ،زﻮﻣ ، زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻞﻤﺤﺗ مﺪﻋ
تﺎﺒﺗﺎﮑﻣ لﻮﺌﺴﻣ
:
1 - ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
ﺮﯿﺷ يﺎﻫ هﺪﺷ حﻼﺻا نﺎﻤﻫ
ﯽﻧﺪﯿﺷﻮﻧ ﺮﯿﺷ ﻪﯾﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ يﺎﻫ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ
ﻪﮐ
ﯽﻣ دﺎﺠﯾا ﯽﺗاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ ﺮﯿﺷ رد ﺎﻬﻧآ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ياﺮﺑ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺎﺗ دﻮﺷ
ﻞﻣﺎﮐ يﺬﻐﻣ ياﺮﺑ ﻪﻠﺌﺴﻣ ﻦﯾا ،دراﻮﻣ ﯽﺧﺮﺑ رد و ﺪﺷﺎﺑ يﺮﺗ
دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ و ﻢﻀﻫ ،ﻢﻌﻃ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﻪﻨﯿﻬﺑ
ا ﯽﻣ مﺎﺠﻧ دﺮﯿﮔ . يﺎﻫﺮﯿﺷ
ﺎﯾ ﻦﯿﻣﺎﺘﯾو ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ ﯽﻨﻏ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﺷ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ هﺪﺷ حﻼﺻا ﮏﯿﺗﻮﯿﺑﺮﭘ ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ ﯽﻨﻏ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﺷ ،ﻦﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﺲﻧﻻﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﺷ ،ﺎﻫ
ﻪﯾﺬﻐﺗ ﺮﻈﻧ زا هﺪﺷ نوﺪﺑ ﺎﯾ و ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﺷ ،يا
ﻢﻌﻃ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﺷ و زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ راد
] 1 [ . نﺎﺸﻧ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﯽﺧﺮﺑ
ﯽﻣ نﺎﮐدﻮﮐ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻫد ﻢﻌﻃ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﺷ ﻪﺑ نﺎﻧاﻮﺟﻮﻧ و
ﻪﻗﻼﻋ راد
ﯽﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ هدﺎﺳ ﺮﯿﺷ نﺪﯿﺷﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ يﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﺪﻨﻫد
] 2[
. زا
ﺐﻠﻏا ﻪﮑﯿﺋﺎﺠﻧآ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ يوﺎﺣ هﺪﺷ حﻼﺻا ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ هوﺮﮔ ﻦﯾا
ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﮑﺷ يﻻﺎﺑ ]
4 و 3 [ و ﺰﯿﻧ ﺎﻬﻧآ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ فﺮﺼﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ
ﻪﭽﺑ نﺎﻧاﻮﺟﻮﻧ و ﺎﻫ ﯽﻣ بﻮﺴﺤﻣ
اﺬﻟ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ يﻻﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﻓﺎﯾرد راﺪﻘﻣ
ﺮﮑﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ زوﺮﺑ
زا ﯽﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ تﻼﮑﺸﻣ
ﯽﻗﺎﭼ و ﺖﺑﺎﯾد ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ددﺮﮔ
]6 و 5[
. ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻣ رد ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ، زرﺎﮐﺎﺳ ﺮﺑ
ﯽﮔﮋﯾو هدرواﺮﻓ ﯽﺴﺣ يﺎﻫ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ يﺎﻫ
] 7[
فﺮﺼﻣ ﺖﯾﺎﺿر و
زا نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ عﻮﻧ ﻦﯾا
هدروآﺮﻓ ﺎﻫ ﯽﻣ راﺬﮔﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ] 13 - 8 [.
هوﻼﻋ
ﺳا ،ﯽﻓﺮﺼﻣ زرﺎﮐﺎﺳ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺮﺑ ﻢﻌﻃ زا هدﺎﻔﺘ
هﺪﻨﻫد ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﺎﻫ ،ﻞﯿﻧاو
هﻮﯿﻣ يﺎﻣورآ ﺎﯾ ﻞﻣارﺎﮐ يا
ﯽﻣ ﺰﯿﻧ فﺮﺼﻣ ﺖﯾﺎﺿر ﺮﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
ﯽﮔﮋﯾو زا نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ هدروآﺮﻓ ﯽﺴﺣ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﺑ ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﺷاد ﯽﯾاﺰﺳ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ] 16 - 14 [ . ا ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ندوﺰﻓ ﻢﻌﻃ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ هﺪﻨﻫد
ﯽﻣ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
ﻦﯾﺰﮕﯾﺎﺟ ﯽﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ زرﺎﮐﺎﺳ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻪﮐ ﯽﺗﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ نﻮﯿﺳﻻﻮﻣﺮﻓ رد
د ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺎﻬﻧآ ر ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ،
. ﺶﻫﺎﮐ زرﺎﮐﺎﺳ رد هﮋﯾﻮﺑ
اﺮﮕﻠﻤﻋ يﺎﻫاﺬﻏ زا
ﺖﯿﻤﻫا هﮋﯾو رادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ يا ﺖﺳا
اﺮﯾز رﺎﻈﺘﻧا
ﯽﻣ ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ دور رﺎﺛآ
ﻪﯾﺬﻐﺗ ﺶﺨﺑ ﯽﺘﻣﻼﺳ يﺎﯾاﺰﻣ ياراد ،ﻪﯾﺎﭘ يا
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺰﯿﻧ ] 18 و 17 [.
ﺎﺑ ،زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﯽﺣاﺮﻃ رد
ﻢﯾﺰﻧآ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺮﯿﺷ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ندﻮﻤﻧ ﺰﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ ﺎﺘﺑ
- و زاﺪﯾزﻮﺘﮐﻻﺎﮔ
ﻪﺑ ،زﻮﺘﮐﻻﺎﮔ و ﺰﮐﻮﻠﮔ يﺎﻫﺪﯾرﺎﮐﺎﺳﻮﻧﻮﻣ ﻪﺑ نآ ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ ﻞﯿﻟد
ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺪﯾرﺎﮐﺎﺳﻮﻧﻮﻣ ود ﻦﯾا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﯽﻨﯾﺮﯿﺷ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ
ﺮﯿﺷ ،
ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﻦﯾﺮﯿﺷ ي ﻪﮐ هﺪﺷ ﺮﺗ
ﺪﻨﺴﭘ درﻮﻣ هﺰﻣ و ﻢﻌﻃ ظﺎﺤﻟ ﻪﺑ
ﻞﻤﺤﺗ مﺪﻋ ﻪﮐ يداﺮﻓا ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا و نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ فﺮﺼﻣ زا يرﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﯽﻤﻧ ﺪﻧراد زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
] 20 و 19 [ . ﯽﻌﯾﺎﺷ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ مﺪﻋ يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ
ﯽﻣ نﺎﻬﺟ رد ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
. ﺮﺑ ﻎﻟﺎﺑ ﺎﯿﺳآ رد يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻦﯾا عﻮﯿﺷ 50
ﺪﺻرد
رﻮﺸﮐ ﯽﻀﻌﺑ رد و ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدز ﻦﯿﻤﺨﺗ ﻫ
ﻪﺑ ﯽﯾﺎﯿﺳآ يﺎ 100
ﯽﻣ ﻢﻫ ﺪﺻرد ﺪﺳر
. ﯽﻤﯾﻼﻋ ﺎﺑ يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻦﯾا ،ﻢﮑﺷ ﺦﻔﻧ نﻮﭽﻤﻫ
لﺎﺒﻧد ﻪﺑ غاﺮﻔﺘﺳا و عﻮﻬﺗ ،ﻢﮑﺷ ياﺪﺻ و ﺮﺳ ،ﻢﮑﺷ درد ،لﺎﻬﺳا يﺎﻫاﺬﻏ فﺮﺼﻣ
ﺎﺣ ﺖﺳا هاﺮﻤﻫ تﺎﯿﻨﺒﻟ و ﺮﯿﺷ ﻞﺜﻣ ،زﻮﺘﮐﻻ يو .
ﯽﻣ ار ﺶﻟﺎﭼ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ نآ ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ و هﺪﻨﻫد ﻢﻌﻃ داﻮﻣ ندوﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ناﻮﺗ
ﻢﻌﻃ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﺷ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ ﯽﻟﻮﺼﺤﻣ يﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺖﺻﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ يرﺎﺠﺗ راد
لﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﻦﯾا ﯽﻨﯾﺮﯿﺷ زا ﻪﮐ توﺎﻔﺗ ﻦﯾا ﺎﺑ دﻮﻤﻧ ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ يﺪﯾﺪﺟ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ يﺎﺘﺳار رد ﻪﯾﺬﻐﺗ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ و زرﺎﮐﺎﺳ
هدروآﺮﻓ يا دﺮﺑ هﺮﻬﺑ
.
ﺰﮐﺮﻤﺗ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ و ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ
لﻮﺼﺤﻣ زا ﯽﺻﺎﺧ عﻮﻧ
ﯽﻨﺒﻟ ﻢﻌﻃ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ ردﻮﭘ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ حﻼﺻا ﯽﻣراد
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳزﺎﺑ ﺖﯿﻠﺑﺎﻗ ن
ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﯽﻧﺪﯿﺷﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ
فﺮﺼﻣ هدﺎﻣآ رﻮﺤﻣ ﻪﺘﺷاد
ياﺮﺑ ﯽﺑﻮﻠﻄﻣ رﺎﮑﻫار و
ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻨﻤﻗﻼﻋ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻧﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺎﺴﻓ ﻊﯾﺎﻣ مﺎﺧ هدﺎﻣ
ﻪﺑ ﺮﯾﺬﭘد
ﺮﺗراﺪﯾﺎﭘ لﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﯽﻣ
ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ و ﺰﯿﻧ ﯽﺳﺮﺘﺳد ﻪﮐ ﯽﻧﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ فﺮﺼﻣ
شور ﻪﺑ ﻊﯾﺮﺳ ار ﯽﻨﺒﻟ تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﯽﻟﺎﭽﺨﯾ يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ يﺎﻫ
ﺪﻧراﺪﻧ ﯽﻣ ، ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ] 23 - 21 [.
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﯾا فﺪﻫ ردﻮﭘ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﯽﺣاﺮﻃ
شور ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ حﻼﺻا ﺮﯿﺷ ﮏﺸﺧ
ﻦﮐ ﯽﺸﺷﺎﭘ ﺎﺑ ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ دﺮﮑﯾور
تارﺪﯿﻫﻮﺑﺮﮐ ﻪﺑ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﺰﻓا و ﺮﺗ ﻦﯾﺮﯿﺷ يﺎﻫ
ﻢﻌﻃ ندو ﯽﻌﯿﺒﻃ يﺎﻫ
ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ،ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ و زﻮﻣ و ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ ﯽﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ يﺎﻫ
يژﻮﻟﻮﯿﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ و هﺪﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ يﺎﻫردﻮﭘ
تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ
ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳزﺎﺑ لﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﯽﺴﺣ ﻫﺪﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ردﻮﭘ زا
ﺖﺳا هدﻮﺒ .
2 - شور و داﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ
2 - 1 - داﻮﻣ
هﺰﯾرﻮﺘﺳﺎﭘ ﺮﯿﺷ زا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا رد 5/
1 ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯽﺑﺮﭼ ﺪﺻرد .
ﺰﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ ياﺮﺑ ﻢﯾﺰﻧآ زا ﺮﯿﺷ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ
ﺎﺘﺑ - زاﺪﯾزﻮﺘﮐﻻﺎﮔ
) Lactozym 3000 L HP G (
زا ﺮﯿﺷ ﯽﻫد ﻢﻌﻃ ياﺮﺑ و
زﻮﻣ هرﻮﭘ )
Chiquita brands, Inc. Malaysia (
ردﻮﭘ و
ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ ) ELCAFE, Turkey (
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا .
داﻮﻣ ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ
لﻮﻠﺤﻣ و ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ كﺮﻣ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ زا ﺎﻫ
) نﺎﻤﻟآ ( ﺪﺷ يراﺪﯾﺮﺧ .
رد
نﻮﻣزآ مﺎﻤﺗ ﻘﻣ بآ زا ﺎﻫ
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺮﻄ .
2 - 2 - شور ﺎﻫ
2 - 2 - 1 - ﻢﻌﻃ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ راد
ﺰﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻪﺑزاﺪﯾزﻮﺘﮐﻻﺎﮔﺎﺘﺑ ﻢﯾﺰﻧآ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﺮﯿﺷ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ
15 /0 ﻪﻧﺎﺨﻣﺮﮔ يﺎﻣد و ﺪﺻرد يراﺬﮔ
37 ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻪﺟرد .
ياﺮﺑ
هﺪﺷ ﺰﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ ﺮﯿﺷ دﺪﺠﻣ نﻮﯿﺳاﺰﯾرﻮﺘﺳﺎﭘ ،ﻢﯾﺰﻧآ ندﺮﮐ لﺎﻌﻓﺮﯿﻏ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا .
ﺲﭙﺳ ﯿﺷ ﺪﺷ ﻢﯿﺴﻘﺗ ﺶﺨﺑ ود ﻪﺑ هﺪﺷ ﺰﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ ﺮ
ﻢﻌﻃ داﻮﻣ و ﻪﻧﺎﮔاﺪﺟ رﻮﻄﺑ هﺪﻨﻫد
نآ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﯾدﺮﮔ ﺪ . ردﻮﭘ زا
ﻪﺑ ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ زﻮﻣ هﺮﺘﻧﺎﺴﻨﮐ و ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ ناﺰﯿﻣ
7 /0 و ﺪﺻرد 5 ﺪﺻرد
ﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا نﻮﯿﺳﻻﻮﻣﺮﻓ رد ﺪ.
2 - 2 - 2 - ردﻮﭘ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ
ﻪﻧﺎﮔاﺪﺟ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ،ﻞﺒﻗ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ رد هﺪﺷ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ
ﮏﺸﺧ ﻫ ﯽﺸﺷﺎﭘ ﻦﮐ ﻢ
ﯽﺟوﺮﺧ و يدورو يﺎﻣد ﻪﮐ ﺖﻬﺟ نآ
ﻪﺑ
ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ 145°C
و 75 °C دﻮﺑ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ ردﻮﭘ ﻪﺑ ، .
و ءاﺰﺟا
ﯽﺸﺷﺎﭘ ﻦﮐ ﮏﺸﺧ دﺎﻌﺑا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا رد هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ
رد ﻪﮐ
نازﻮﺴﻬﺑ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ )
ناﺮﯾا ،ﻞﺑﺎﺑ (
ﯽﺣاﺮﻃ ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ
، ﻞﮑﺷ رد
ﺖﺳا هﺪﻣآ ﮏﯾ هرﺎﻤﺷ .
ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ،ﻪﻈﻔﺤﻣ عﺎﻔﺗرا و ﺮﻄﻗ 60
و
150 ﯽﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﺮﺘﻣ تراﺮﺣ ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳ عﺎﻔﺗرا و ﺮﻄﻗ ، ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ،ﯽﻫد
30
و 50 ﯽﺘﻧﺎﺳ يوﺎﺣ ﺮﺘﻣ 5
نﻮﻠﮑﯿﺳ عﺎﻔﺗرا و ﺮﻄﻗ و ﯽﺗراﺮﺣ ﺖﻨﻤﻟا
ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺰﯿﻧ 35
و 70 ﯽﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﺖﺳا ﺮﺘﻣ . زا ﺲﭘ ﺎﻫردﻮﭘ
ﻊﻤﺟ ﻪﺸﯿﺷ فوﺮﻇ رد ،ﻂﯿﺤﻣ يﺎﻣد ﻪﺑ نﺪﯿﺳر و يروآ هﺮﯿﺗ يا
ﺪﻧﺪﺷ يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ يﺪﻌﺑ تﺎﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ ياﺮﺑ ﮓﻧر .
ياﺮﺑ قﻮﻓ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ
ﯿﻟﻮﺗ ردﻮﭘ ،ﺮﯿﺷ ردﻮﭘ ،هﺪﻨﻫد ﻢﻌﻃ ﺪﻗﺎﻓ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ ردﻮﭘ ﺪ
ﻢﻌﻃ ﺮﯿﺷ ردﻮﭘ و زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺰﯿﻧ راد
.
Fig 1 Mechanism and dimention of spray dryer: 1) blower, 2) heater, 3) feeding tank, 4) pump, 5) atomizer, 6) chamber, 7) cyclone, 8) gathering
powder, 9) fan, 10) control box
2 - 2 - 3 - نﻮﻣزآ ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ يﺎﻫ
نﻮﻣزآ ﮏﺸﺧ ﺮﯿﺷ ﯽﻠﻣ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﻖﺒﻃ ﺎﻫردﻮﭘ ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ يﺎﻫ
ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ] 24 [.
زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ يﺎﻫردﻮﭘ ﺖﺑﻮﻃر راﺪﻘﻣ
هزاﺪﻧا ﺲﭙﺳ و ﺖﺑﺎﺛ نزو ﻪﺑ نﺪﯿﺳر ﺎﺗ نوآ ﻊﺟﺮﻣ شور يﺮﯿﮔ
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ نزو ﺖﻓا راﺪﻘﻣ ]
25 [.
راﺪﻘﻣ ﻫﻮﺑﺮﮐ تارﺪﯿ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ يزﺎﮔ ﯽﻓاﺮﮔﻮﺗﺎﻣوﺮﮐ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
) Agilent 7000A, USA (
هزاﺪﻧا ﺪﺷ يﺮﯿﮔ . ﺮﮔرﺎﮑﺷآ ﻪﺑ ﺰﻬﺠﻣ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد و ﻪﻠﻌﺷ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ هﺰﯿﻧﻮﯾ
دﻮﺑ لژﺎﮑﯿﻠﯿﺳ ﻪﻨﯿﺋﻮﻣ ﻪﻟﻮﻟ .
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻖﯾرﺰﺗ تراﺮﺣ ﻪﺟرد 275
ﯽﯾﺎﻣد ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ و داﺮﮕﯿﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد 200
ﺎﺗ 270 داﺮﮕﯿﺘﻧﺎﺳ جرد
دﻮﺑ . ﯽﻫد تراﺮﺣ خﺮﻧ 20
رد هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻪﻘﯿﻗد ﺮﺑ داﺮﮕﯿﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟ
ﺪﺷ . مﻮﯿﻠﻫ ﻞﻣﺎﺣ زﺎﮔ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ و
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺎﺑ 1:40 هﺎﮕﺘﺳد رد
ﮏﯿﭘ و ﺪﺷ ﻖﯾرﺰﺗ ﺪﺷ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ ماﺮﮔﻮﺗﺎﻣوﺮﮐ يﺎﻫ
] 49 .[
راﺪﻘﻣ
رﺎﺘﺳاﻮﺘﮐﻻ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ مﺎﮕﻨﻫ رد زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ) Funke Gerber, NO:3510, Germany (
ﺪﺷ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ .
ﻮﻤﻧ ﻦﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ راﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﻧ
ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﮐ ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺠ
ﮏﯿﺗﺎﻣﻮﺗا لاﺪﻠ
) Gerhard, Germany (
ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ و 37
/6 هزاﺪﻧا يﺮﯿﮔ
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ] 26 [.
راﺪﻘﻣ ،ﯽﺑﺮﭼ نﻮﻣزآ ياﺮﺑ 1
ﮏﺳﻼﻓ رد ردﻮﭘ مﺮﮔ
و ﺪﺷ ﻦﯾزﻮﺗ ﺮﯿﻧوژﻮﻣ 9
ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا نآ ﻪﺑ مﺮﮔ ﺮﻄﻘﻣ بآ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ
ﯾدﺮﮔ ﺪ . ندز ﻢﻫ زا ﺲﭘ ندوﺰﻓا و
25 /1 ﯽﻠﯿﻣ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ
ﯿﻧﻮﻣآ كﺎ ﻞﻤﻋ ﺐﯿﻠﺗﻮﮔزر شور ﻖﺒﻃ و ﺪﺷ هداد نﺎﮑﺗ بﻮﺧ ،
ﯾدﺮﮔ ﺪ ] 27 [.
2 - 2 - 4 - نﻮﻣزآ ﯽﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ يﺎﻫ
ياﺮﺑ ،ﺖـﯿﻟﻼﺣ ﺲﯾﺪـﻧا نﻮـﻣزآ 20
رد ردﻮـﭘ ﻪـﻧﻮﻤﻧ مﺮـﮔ 200
ﯽﻠﯿﻣ يﺎـﻣد ﺎـﺑ ﺮـﻄﻘﻣ بآ ﺮـﺘﯿﻟ 24°C
ﮏـﻤﮐ ﺎـﺑ ﻦـﮐ طﻮـﻠﺨﻣ
) 36BL12, USA (
ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﺎﺑ 3000
ﺪـﺷ ﻞﺣ ﻪﻘﯿﻗد رد رود .
تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ندﺮﮐ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ زا ﺲﭘ 5
،ﻪﻘﯿﻗد ﻪﻟﻮﻟ ﻞﺧاد ﯽﻃوﺮﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ
50 ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﺖﻋﺮـﺳ رد و ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺨﯾر ژﻮﻔﯾﺮﺘﻧﺎﺳ يﺮﺘﯿﻟ 870
رد رود
تﺪــﻣ ﻪــﺑ ﻪــﻘﯿﻗد 5
ﺪــﯾدﺮﮔ ژﻮﻔﯾﺮﺘﻧﺎــﺳ ﻪــﻘﯿﻗد )
Gerber,
Germany .(
ﻊﯾﺎﻣ ﯽﻧﺎـﻗﻮﻓ ﺎـﺗ 5 ﯽـﻠﯿﻣ بﻮـﺳر ﺢﻄـﺳ يﺮـﺘﯿﻟ
،
ﺪﺷ نﻮﻔﯿﺳ .
25 ﯽﻠﯿﻣ يﺎﻣد ﺎﺑ ﺮﻄﻘﻣ بآ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ 24°C
و ﺪﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا
ﺪﺷ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ ﯽﻣارآ ﻪﺑ .
ﻪﻟﻮﻟ ﺲﭙﺳ ﺎﻫ نﺎﺸﻧ ﻂﺧ ﺎﺗ 50
ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ
ﺮﻄﻘﻣ بآ 24°C
ﺪﺷ ﺮﭘ ه هرﺎﺑود و تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ 5 ژﻮﻔﯾﺮﺘﻧﺎـﺳ ﻪﻘﯿﻗد
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ . ﻪﻟﻮﻟ نداد راﺮﻗ ﺎﺑ ﺲﭙﺳ
ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ رد و يدﻮﻤﻋ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ
ﺪـﺷ ﺖـﺋاﺮﻗ ﻪـﻟﻮﻟ جرﺪـﻣ ﺖﻤﺴـﻗ زا بﻮـﺳر ﺢﻄﺳ ،رﻮﻧ ]
28 [.
شور زا هدﺎﻔﺘــﺳا ﺎــﺑ ﺎــﻫردﻮﭘ تارذ هزاﺪــﻧا ﯽﮔﺪــﻨﮐاﺮﭘ و ﮏــﻟا
يﺮﯿﮔرﺎﮑﺑ 100
دﻮﭘ مﺮﮔ ﺪـﯾدﺮﮔ نﻮﻣزآ ر ]
29 [.
ﮏـﻟا ﺮﮑﯿـﺷ زا
) AU MEDIA, Iran (
ﮏﻟا و ﺶـﻣ ﺎـﺑ يﺎـﻫ 125
،نوﺮـﮑﯿﻣ
180 و نوﺮﮑﯿﻣ 500
نوﺮﮑﯿﻣ ) ناﺮﯾا ،ﺪﻧوﺎﻣد (
ﺖـﻗد ﺎـﺑ وزاﺮﺗ و
001 /0 مﺮﮔ ) Sartorius LP 1200s, Germany (
هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا
ﺪﺷ . ﮏﻟا اﺪﺘﺑا يدﻮﻌـﺻ ﺐـﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ و هﺪﺷ ﻦﯾزﻮﺗ ﯽﻟﺎﺧ يﺎﻫ ﻪـﺑ
ﺶﻣ ﺰﯾﺎﺳ ظﺎﺤﻟ
،ﺎﻫ ﯾﺎﭘ زا يور ﺮـﺑ و ﺪـﻧﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﺐﺗﺮﻣ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻦﯿ
ﺪﻧﺪﺷ هداد راﺮﻗ ﮏﻟا ﺮﮑﯿﺷ .
ﮏـﻟا ﻦﯾﺮﺗﻻﺎـﺑ يور ﺮﺑ ردﻮﭘ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ
تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ندﺮﮐ ﮏﻟا و ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺨﯾر 5
ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻘﯿﻗد 200
رد رود
مﺎﺠﻧا ﻪﻘﯿﻗد ﯾدﺮﮔ
ﺪ . ﻦﯾزﻮﺗ ﻪﻧﺎﮔاﺪﺟ رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﮏﻟا ﺮﻫ ﺲﭙﺳ ﺷ
و ﺪ
ﺎﻬﻧآ نزو توﺎﻔﺗ زا
، ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﮏﻟا ﺮﻫ يﻻﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ يردﻮﭘ راﺪﻘﻣ
ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﯾدﺮﮔ ﺪ.
هزاﺪﻧا ياﺮﺑ اﺪـﺘﺑا ،ﺎـﻫردﻮﭘ ﻪﺘﺧﻮـﺳ تارذ يﺮﯿﮔ
راﺪـﻘﻣ 01 /0 25± رد ردﻮـﭘ مﺮـﮔ 250
ﯽـﻠﯿﻣ ﺎــﺑ ﺮـﻄﻘﻣ بآ ﺮـﺘﯿﻟ
يﺎﻣد 24°C ﻪﻧاﻮﺘـﺳا ﺖﻤﺴـﻗ ﻪـﺑ ﺲﭙـﺳ و ﺪﺷ ﻞﺣ
هﺎﮕﺘـﺳد يا
هزاﺪـــــﻧا ﻪﺘﺧﻮـــــﺳ تارذ يﺮـــــﯿﮔ )
Funkegerber,
Germany (
ﺪﺷ هداد لﺎﻘﺘﻧا .
ﺮﺘﻠﯿﻓ ﮏﯾ ،ﻪﻧاﻮﺘﺳا ﻦﯿﯾﺎﭘ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ رد )
Funkegerber, Germany (
نوآ رد ﻼﺒـﻗ ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷ هداد راﺮﻗ
يﺎﻣد ﺎﺑ 2°C 103± ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﮏﺸﺧ .
ﻪﻧاﻮﺘﺳا ﻞﺧاد لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺲﭙﺳ
ﺪﺷ هداد رﻮﺒﻋ ﯽﺘﺳد ﭗﻤﭘ ﮏﻤﮐ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺘﻠﯿﻓ يور زا .
تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺘﻠﯿﻓ
2 يﺎﻣد ﺎﺑ نوآ رد ﺖﻋﺎﺳ 35°C
ترﺎـﭼ ﺎـﺑ و ﺪـﯾدﺮﮔ ﮏﺸﺧ
ﺮﺑرژ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا )
ﻞﮑﺷ 2 ( ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ .
ﻪﺑ ترﺎﭼ ﻦﯾا 4
ﻪﺟرد
ﻔﺘﻣ زا ﻪﺘﺧﻮﺳ تارذ ﺮﻈﻧ زا توﺎ ﺎﺗ A
ﻢﯿﺴﻘﺗ D ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ يﺪﻨﺑ
مﺎﺠﻧا يﺮﺼﺑ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ و ﺖﻓﺮﮔ
] 30 [.
Fig 2 Standard chart of scorched particles
2 - 2 - 5 - يژﻮﻟﻮﯿﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ نﻮﻣزآ
نﻮﻣزآ هرﺎﻤﺷ ناﺮﯾا ﯽﻠﻣ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ يﺎﻫ 2406
ﺪـﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ]
31 [ . 10 ـﺗ ردﻮـﭘ ﻪـﻧﻮﻤﻧ مﺮـﮔ رد و ﺪـﺷ ﻦﯾزﻮ
90
ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﻢﻫﺪﮑﯾ ﺖﻗر ﺎﺗ ﺪﺷ ﻖﯿﻗر ﺮﮕﻨﯾر لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ دﺎﺠﯾا ﺮﺘﯿﻟ
ددﺮﮔ . ﯽﻠﮐ نﻮﻣزآ ياﺮﺑ ﻞـﯾﺎﺑ در ﺖـﻟﻮﯾو ﺖﺸـﮐ ﻂﯿـﺤﻣ زا مﺮـﻓ
1رﺎﮔآ ) Oxoid, Unipath, Hampshire, UK (
ﻪﻧﺎﺨﻣﺮﮔ و
رد يراﺬﮔ 30°C
تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ 2 24± ﺖﻋﺎﺳ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺪﺷ . ﯽﻨﻠﮐ يﺎﻫ
ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ﺮﻄﻗ ﺎﺑ ﯽﻧاﻮﻏرا ﺰﻣﺮﻗ 5/
0 ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﯽـﻨﻠﮐ ناﻮـﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺘﻣ يﺎـﻫ
ﯽــﻠﮐ ﺺﺧﺎــﺷ ﻪــﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮــﻈﻧ رد مﺮــﻓ
ﺪــﺷ ] 32 [ . شرﺎﻤــﺷ ياﺮــﺑ
يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ يزاﻮﻫ ﻞﯿﻓوﺰﻣ يﺎﻫ ﺪـﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا ﺖـﯿﻠﭘ رﻮـﭘ شور ،
. زا
ﺖﻧﺎﮐ ﺖﯿﻠﭘ ﺖﺸﮐ ﻂﯿﺤﻣ ﮏﻠﯿﻣ ﻢﯿﮑﺳا
رﺎﮔآ يراﺬﮔ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﻣﺮﮔ و2
رد 30°C تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ 2 72± ﺖﻋﺎﺳ ﺪـﯾدﺮﮔ هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا ]
33 [ . ياﺮـﺑ
،ﯽﻠﮐﺎﯿﺸﯾﺮﺷا نﻮﻣزآ راﺪﻘﻣ
10 ﻠﯿﻣ ﯽ اﺪﺘﺑا ﻪﮐ ﻢﻫﺪﮑﯾ ﺖﻗر زا ﺮﺘﯿﻟ
تﺎﻔﻟﻮـﺳ ﻞـﯾرﻮﻟ ﺖـﺷﻮﮕﺑآ ﺖﺸـﮐ ﻂﯿـﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ دﻮﺑ هﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ ﻒﻋﺎﻀﻣ ﺪـﺷ هداد لﺎـﻘﺘﻧا دﻮﺑ مﺎﻫرود ﻪﻟﻮﻟ يوﺎﺣ ﻪﮐ 3
. زا ﺲـﭘ
48 - 24 ﺖﻋﺎﺳ يراﺬﮔ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﻣﺮﮔ رد
37°C ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ زﺎﮔ ﻞﯿﮑﺸﺗ ،
ﺶﯾﺎـﻣزآ ﻪـﻟﻮﻟ ﻪﺑ پﻮﻟ ﮏﻤﮐ ﺎﺑ ،زﺎﮔ دﺎﺠﯾا ترﻮﺻ رد و ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ يوﺎﺣ ﯽﻠﮐﺎﯿﺸﯾﺮﺷا ﺖﺷﻮﮕﺑآ يﺎـﻣد ﻪﺑ ًﻼﺒﻗ ﻪﮐ ﻞﯾﺮﺘﺳا4
44°C
ﺪـﺷ هداد لﺎـﻘﺘﻧا دﻮﺑ هﺪﯿﺳر .
زا ﺲـﭘ 48 - 24 ﺖﻋﺎـﺳ ﻪـﻧﺎﺨﻣﺮﮔ
يراﺬﮔ رد 44°C پﻮﻟ ﮏﻤﮐ ﺎﺑ لﺎﻘﺘﻧا ﻞﻤﻋ ﺪﺷ دﺎﺠﯾا زﺎﮔ ﺮﮔا ،
1. Crystal violet neutral red bile lactose agar 2. Plate count skim milk agar
3. Lauryl Sulfate broth 4. Ec.Medium
ﺖﺸﮐ ﻂﯿﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ لوﺪﻧا نوﺪﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﺘﭙﭘ بآ
يﺎﻣد ﻪﺑ ًﻼﺒﻗ ﻢﻫ نآ ﻪﮐ 5
44°C ﺪـﺷ مﺎـﺠﻧا دﻮﺑ هﺪﯿﺳر .
زا ﺲـﭘ 48 ﺖﻋﺎـﺳ ﻪـﻧﺎﺨﻣﺮﮔ
يراﺬﮔ ﯿﻤﻫ رد ﺲﮐاﻮﮐ فﺮﻌﻣ ندوﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ،ﺎﻣد ﻦ ﻪـﻘﻠﺣ ﺖﯾور و 6
ﯽـﻣ شراﺰـﮔ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﺎﯿﺸﯾﺮﺷا دﻮﺟو ،ﯽﻧاﻮﻏرا
ددﺮـﮔ ] 34 [ . ياﺮـﺑ
راﺪـﻘﻣ ،ﺖـﺒﺜﻣ زﻻﻮـﮔآﻮﮐ سﻮـﺋروا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠﯿﻓﺎﺘﺳا نﻮﻣزآ 1/
0
ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﺮﮐرﺎﭘ دﺮﺑ ﺖﺸﮐ ﻂﯿﺤﻣ يور ﺮﺑ ﻢﻫﺪﮑﯾ ﺖﻗر زا ﺮﺘﯿﻟ لﺎﻘﺘﻧا 7
ﺪﺷ هداد ﯽﺤﻄﺳ ﺖﺸﮐ و .
زا ﺪﻌﺑ 24 ﺖﻋﺎﺳ يراﺬﮔ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﻣﺮﮔ رد
37°C ﯽﻨﻠﮐ ، قاﺮﺑ هﺎﯿﺳ يﺎﻫ -
ﺪﯿﻔـﺳ ﮏﯾرﺎﺑ ﻪﯿﺷﺎﺣ نوﺪﺑ ﺎﯾ رﺎﺗ
ﯽـﻣ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد فﺎﺘﺳا ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ فﺎﻔﺷ ﻪﻟﺎﻫ ﺎﺑ ﮓﻧر دﻮـﺷ
. زا
ﻂﯿـﺤﻣ يوﺎـﺣ ﻪـﻟﻮﻟ ﻪـﺑ ﻞﯾﺮﺘـﺳا ﺲﻧآ ﮏﻤﮐ ﺎﺑ ،كﻮﮑﺸﻣ ﯽﻨﻠﮐ ﺰﻐﻣ و ﺐﻠﻗ هرﺎﺼﻋ ﺖﺷﻮﮕﺑآ ﯽﻣ هداد لﺎﻘﺘﻧا 8
دﻮﺷ . زا ﺲﭘ 2 24±
ﺖﻋﺎﺳ يراﺬﮔ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﻣﺮﮔ رد
37°C ا شﻮﮔﺮﺧ يﺎﻤﺳﻼﭘ ، ﻪﻓﺎـﺿ
ﯽﻣ رد و ددﺮﮔ 37°C
تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ 6 - 4 ﺖﻋﺎـﺳ يراﺬـﮔ ﻪـﻧﺎﺨﻣﺮﮔ
ﯽﻣ مﺎﺠﻧا دﺮﯿﮔ . سﻮﺋروا سﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮﻠﯿﻓﺎﺘﺳا هﺪﻨﻫﺪﻧﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﺘﺨﻟ دﺎﺠﯾا
ﺖﺳا ﺖﺒﺜﻣ زﻻﻮﮔآﻮﮐ ]
35 [ .
2 - 2 - 6 - ﯽﺴﺣ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا
زا ﯽﺴﺣ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا ياﺮﺑ 30
ﻞﮐ هرادا رد ﺐﻠﻃواد ﯽﺴﺣ بﺎﯾزرا
دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا )
15 و ﻢﻧﺎﺧ 15 ﯽﻨﺳ دوﺪﺤﻣ رد ﺎﻗآ 28
- 34 لﺎﺳ (
ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﮏﻤﮐ .
ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﯽﺴﺣ يﺎﻫ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ
،ﮓﻧر ﻞﻣﺎﺷ
ﻖﯾﺮﻃ زا ﻢﻌﻃ و ﻮﺑ نﻮﻣزآ
ﮏﯿﻧوﺪﻫ 5 ﻪﻄﻘﻧ راﺮﻗ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ يا
5. Peptone water indol free 6. Kovacs reagent 7. Baird parker
8. Brain –heart infusion broth
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ . ﻪﻨﯾﺰﮔ يﺎﻫ ﻒﯾﺮﻌﺗ هﺪﺷ ﻓ رد مﺮ يﺎﻫ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا ﻞﻣﺎﺷ رﺎﯿﺴﺑ
،بﻮﺧ ،بﻮﺧ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ
، و ﺪﺑ ﺪﺑ ﯽﻠﯿﺧ ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ دﻮﺑ
هﺮﻤﻧ يﺎﻫ 5 ﯽﻟا 1 ﺪﻧداد صﺎﺼﺘﺧا دﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ار .
ﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪ رد ﺎﻫ
ﻪﺸﯿﺷ فوﺮﻇ يﺎﻫﺪﮐ ﺎﺑ يا
ﻬﻃﻮﺑﺮﻣ هدﺎﻣﺂ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ . مﺮﻓ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺎﻫ
نﺎﺑﺎﯾزرا ﻞﯿﻤﮑﺗ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺮﻫ تاﺮﻤﻧ ﺲﭙﺳ و ﯾدﺮﮔ
ﺪ ] 36 [ .
2 - 3 - شور يﺎﻫ يرﺎﻣآ
نﻮﻣزآ ﺎﻫ ﯽﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ﻼﻣﺎﮐ حﺮﻃ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ رد
3 ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا راﺮﮑﺗ .
ﻪﻨﻣاد ﺪﻨﭼ نﻮﻣزآ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد ﺎﻫراﺮﮑﺗ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ رد و ﻦﮑﻧاد يا
ﯽﻨﻌﻣ يراد 5 % زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ راﺰﻓا مﺮﻧ
ﻪﺨﺴﻧ SPSS 20 ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ و .
مﺮﻧ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫرادﻮﻤﻧ راﺰﻓا
Excel ﻪﺨﺴﻧ
2013 ﺪﺷ ﻢﯿﺳﺮﺗ .
3 - ﺚﺤﺑ و ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ
3 - 1 - ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ
،ﺖﻋﺮﺳ و يﺮﯾﺬﭘ ﻖﯿﺒﻄﺗ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ زا ﯽﮑﯾ ﯽﺸﺷﺎﭘ ﻦﮐ ﮏﺸﺧ
شور ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﺳا ﯽﯾﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ راﺮﻗ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺖ دﺮﯿﮔ
] 37 [.
ﺎﺠﻧآ زا ﯾ ﯽ ﮏﺸﺧ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد ﻪﮐ ﻦﯾا رد هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﯽﺸﺷﺎﭘ ﻦﮐ
هﺮﻬﺑ درﻮﻣ رﺎﺑ ﻦﯿﻟوا ياﺮﺑ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ،ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ يرادﺮﺑ
زا ﺲﭘ
ﯽﯾﺎﻣد هدوﺪﺤﻣ رد ﻪﯿﻟوا تﺎﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ 140°C
ﺎﺗ 180°C زﺮﺤﻣ ،
يﺎﻣد رد ﻪﮐ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ 145 °C
ردﻮﭘ ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ ﺎﺑ يﺮﺗ
،ﺪﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ
ﺎﻣد ﻦﯾا ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ د يدورو يﺎﻣد ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ
و ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ ر
ﯽﺟوﺮﺧ يﺎﻣد ﺰﯿﻧ
رد 75°C ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ ﯾدﺮﮔ ﺪ . نﻮﻣزآ ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ يﺎﻫ
يﺎﻫردﻮﭘ هدﺎﺳ ﺮﯿﺷ ردﻮﭘ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ هﺪﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ )
(A ﻢﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ ردﻮﭘ ،
زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ) (B زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ زﻮﻣ ﺮﯿﺷ ردﻮﭘ ، )
(C ﻢﮐ ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ ردﻮﭘ ،
زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ) (D زﻮﻣ ﺮﯿﺷ ردﻮﭘ ، )
(E ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ ردﻮﭘ و )
(F مﺎﺠﻧا
ﻪﮐ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ
لوﺪﺟ رد 1
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هداد نﺎﺸﻧ .
Table 1 Mean value of chemical composition of powders after 1 day production. A: plain milk powder, B: low lactose milk powder, C: low lactose banana milk powder, D: low lactose cocoa milk
powder, E: banana milk powder, F: cocoa milk powder (Mean±SD)
Treatment
F E
D C
B A
Factors
2.3±0.17a 2.4±0.15a
2.6±0.24a 2.3±0.21a
2.2±0.23a 2.25±0.1a
Moisture (%)
15.3±0.17a 15.2±0.2a
15.2±0.14a 15.1±0.18a
15.3±0.14a 15.1±0.2a
Fat (%)
36.2±0.3a 36.3±0.2a
35.1±0.2a 36±0.3a
34.8±0.4a 34.8±0.3a
Protein (%)
47.5±0.34a 47.8±0.22a
4.6±0.1b 5.3±0.12b
4.8±0.25b 48.12±0.35a
Lactose (%)
ﯽﮔﮋﯾو زا يرﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﺖﺑﻮﻃر راﺪﻘﻣ ﺎﺑ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﯽﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ يﺎﻫ
ﺖﺳا ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ .
رد ﯽﻔﯿﮐ ﻢﻬﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﮏﯾ ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ
ردﻮﭘ
ﯽﻣ بﻮﺴﺤﻣ يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ،نآ ندﻮﺑ ﻻﺎﺑ ترﻮﺻ رد و دﻮﺷ
ﺎﻫ
رد ﯽﻧﺎﻣرﺎﺒﻧا نﺎﻣز تﺪﻣ ﯽﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا
ﺪﺑﺎﯾ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﺮﻣا ﻦﯾا ،
هﺪﻤﻋ تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو و ﻮﺑ و ﻢﻌﻃ رد
لﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ يﺎﻫ
ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ]
38 [.
لوﺪﺟ رد ﻪﮐ رﻮﻄﻧﺎﻤﻫ 1
ﺺﺨﺸﻣ هﺪﺷ ،ﺖﺳا
ردﻮﭘ ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ﮏﺸﺧ ﻦﯾا ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ يﺎﻫ
رد ﯽﺸﺷﺎﭘ ﻦﮐ ﻪﻨﻣاد
ﺎﻫردﻮﭘ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﺮﺜﮐاﺪﺣ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ
5 ﯽﻣ ﺪﺻرد ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
د راﺮﻗ درا .
ﻪﺑ نآ ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ و ﻢﯾﺰﻧآ ﮏﻤﮐ ﺎﺑ ﻪﯿﻟوا ﺮﯿﺷ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﺰﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ ﺎﺑ ﭘ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﺪﺻرد ،ﺰﮐﻮﻠﮔ و زﻮﺘﮔﻻﺎﮔ دﻮﻤﻧ اﺪﯿ
. زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
ﺎﺘﺑ - هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﻦﻤﯾا ﯽﻣﻮﻤﻋ رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ زاﺪﯾزﻮﺘﮐﻻﺎﮔ ﺖﺳا 1
،
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ رﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﯽﻨﺒﻟ ﺖﻌﻨﺻ رد ﺮﯿﺷ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﺰﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ ياﺮﺑ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻞﻤﺤﺗ مﺪﻋ هﺪﯾﺪﭘ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻨﮐاو نآ ﯽﻠﺻا ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا
1.Generally recognized as safe (GRAS)
ﺖﺳا ] 39 [ . ﻊﻗاو رد ﺎﺘﺑ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ياﺮﺑ ﺮﯿﺷ pH
- زاﺪﯾزﻮﺘﮐﻻﺎﮔ
ﺖﺳا ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ .
ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ و ﺰﮐﻮﻠﮔ ﻪﺑ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ ﺖﯾﺰﻣ
،ﯽﻤﯾﺰﻧآ ﺰﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ رد ﺰﯾور
- نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و تﻮﺗﺎﻣ نﺎﯿﺑ
،زﻮﺘﮐﻻ نوﺪﺑ ﺮﯿﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﻦﯿﺣ رد ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ ﺪﯾرﺎﮐﺎﺳﻮﮕﯿﻟازﻮﺘﮐﻻﺎﮔ ﯽﻣ ﻞﯿﮑﺸﺗ2
تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻦﯾا ﻪﮐ دﻮﺷ
ﮏﯿﺗﻮﯿﺑﺮﭘ ،ﻢﻀﻫ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺮﯿﻏ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﯽﯾﺎﻫ
ﺷر ﮏﯾﺮﺤﺗ ﺎﺑ ار نﺎﺑﺰﯿﻣ يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﺪ
راﺮﻗ ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ نﻮﻠﮐ رد ﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ ﯽﻣ ﯽﺘﻣﻼﺳ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ و ﺪﻨﻫد ﺪﻧدﺮﮔ
] 40 [.
3 - 2 - نﻮﻣزآ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ يﺎﻫ
نﻮﻣزآ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ يور ﺮﺑ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻢﮐ زﻮﻣ ﺮﯿﺷ ردﻮﭘ يﺎﻫ
ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ ردﻮﭘ و زﻮﺘﮐﻻ )
لوﺪﺟ 2 ( ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ
ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ وآﺮﻓ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ قﺎﺒﻄﻧا و ﻪﻠﺻﺎﺣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ هدر
2.Galactosoligosaccharides (GOS)
ﯽﻠﻣ 2406 ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﺪﯿﯾﺎﺗ درﻮﻣ هدروآﺮﻓ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ، .
شرﺎﻤﺷ
رد ﻪﮐ ﻪﯿﻟوا مﺎﺧ داﻮﻣ ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ ﻪﺑ ﯽﻌﯿﺳو رﻮﻄﺑ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ
ﯽﻣ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا لﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ ﯽﮕﺘﺴﺑ يروآﺮﻓ شور ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و دﻮﺷ
دراد ] 41 [.
Table 2: Microbial analysis of low lactose banana milk powder (A) and low lactose cocoa milk powder (B)
A B
Standard Range Microorganism
12000b 9000b
50000a
Aerobic mesophile bacteria (cfu/g)
0a 0a
10a
Coliform (cfu/g)
0a 0a
0a
Escherichia coli (cfu/g)
0a 0a
0a
Coagulase positive staphylococcus (cfu/g)
Different letters in the rows indicate significant differences (P< 0.05).
3 - 3 - تارذ هزاﺪﻧا ﺲﯾﺪﻧا و
ﺖﯿﻟﻼﺣ
نآ ﻊﯾزﻮﺗ و تارذ هزاﺪﻧا ﺄﺗ ،ﺎﻫ
،ﻪﺘﯿﺴﻧاد يور ﺮﺑ يرﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﺮﯿﺛ
ﯽﻣ داﻮﻣ ﯽﺗراﺮﺣ و ﯽﮑﯾﺮﺘﮑﻟا ،ﯽﮑﯿﻧﺎﮑﻣ صاﻮﺧ دراﺬﮔ
] 42 .[
ًﺎﻣﻮﻤﻋ دﻮﺟو ﺎﻫردﻮﭘ تارذ هزاﺪﻧا ﻊﯾزﻮﺗ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ياﺮﺑ شور ود
رﺰﯿﻟ شاﺮﭘ ﺎﯾ قﺮﻔﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻪﮐ دراد ندﺮﮐ ﮏﻟا و 1
ﯽﻣ 2
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﺎﺑ
ﻪﮑﻨﯾا دﻮﺟو رﺰﯿﻟ شاﺮﭘ شور
، هداد ﻪﺋارا ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ حﻮﺿو ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ ﯽﮕﺘﺴﮑﺷ نﻮﭽﻤﻫ ﯽﺒﯾﺎﻌﻣ ﺎﻣا ﺪﻫد تارذ ﯽﺧﺮﺑ
دﻮﭘ ر ﺰﯿﻧ
دراد دﻮﺟو .
ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد زا
3 دﺪﻋ ﯾدﺮﮔ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﮏﻟا زا ﺎﺗ ﺪ
دﻮﺷ ﻪﺘﺳﺎﮐ تارذ ﻢﮐاﺮﺗ و ﻦﺘﺷﺎﺒﻧا زا ﯽﺷﺎﻧ ﯽﮕﺘﺴﮑﺷ .
ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ
ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ 68
% ﻦﯿﺑ ردﻮﭘ تارذ هزاﺪﻧا 180
ﺎﺗ 500 ﺮﺘﻣوﺮﮑﯿﻣ
،ﺖﺷاد راﺮﻗ 30
% زا ﺮﺘﮔرﺰﺑ 500
و ﺮﺘﻣوﺮﮑﯿﻣ 2
ﺮﺘﮑﭼﻮﮐ ﺪﺻرد
زا 125 دﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﻣوﺮﮑﯿﻣ .
ﻞﮑﺷ رد 3 تارذ هزاﺪﻧا بﻮﻠﻄﻣ ﻊﯾزﻮﺗ
ﻪﻨﯿﻬﺑ لﻼﺤﻧا ﺖﻬﺟ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﺣ ﺖﺳا هﺪﻣآ
] 22 .[
ﻊﯾزﻮﺗ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ
ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا رد هﺪﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ يﺎﻫردﻮﭘ تارذ هزاﺪﻧا ﻦﯾا ﺎﺑ
ﻞﮑﺷ
ا هدوﺪﺤﻣ رد تارذ ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ هﺪﯾا هزاﺪﻧ
ﻪﺑ و لآ رﻮﻃ
دراد راﺮﻗ ردﻮﭘ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﯽﮔﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻞﺣ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ .
Fig 3 Schematic of the ideal particle size distribution for good powder properties based on
the generally agreed suggestions from Pisecky (2012)
1. Laser diffraction 2. Sieving
ناﺰﯿﻣ يﺎﻫردﻮﭘ ﺖﯿﻟﻼﺣ ﺲﯾﺪﻧا ﺷ و زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ زﻮﻣ ﺮﯿﺷ
ﺮﯿ
ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ 5/
0 و 4/
0 ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ
هرﺎﻤﺷ ﯽﻠﻣ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا هدوﺪﺤﻣ رد ود ﺮﻫ ﻪﮐ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ 2012
راﺮﻗ
ﺖﯿﻟﻼﺣ بﻮﻠﻄﻣ و لﻮﺒﻗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺖﯿﻌﺿو ﺮﮕﻧﺎﯿﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺷاد ﯽﻣ يﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ يﺎﻫردﻮﭘ ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ تارذ هزاﺪﻧا ﺎﺑ ﯽﻋﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ
ﯽﻣ طﺎﺒﺗرا ﺎﻫردﻮﭘ ﺪﺑﺎﯾ
. نﻮﻣزآ ﻮﭘ ﺖﯿﻟﻼﺣ زا ﯽﮑﯾ رد
ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻢﻬﻣ
ﺎﻫردﻮﭘ ﯽﻔﯿﮐ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا رد ﯽﻣ بﻮﺴﺤﻣ
دﻮﺷ . زا بﻮﺧ ردﻮﭘ ﮏﯾ
ﻊﯾﺎﻣ و هﺪﺷ بﻮﻃﺮﻣ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا يردﻮﭘ ،ﺖﯿﻟﻼﺣ ظﺎﺤﻟ هﺪﯿﺒﺴﭼ و ﻪﺧﻮﻠﮐ تارذ نوﺪﺑ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺮﮕﯾﺪﮑﯾ ﻪﺑ
. ﻪﺗارﺪﯿﻫ
ﮏﯾ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫردﻮﭘ ندﺮﮐ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ
،فﺮﺼﻣ ياﺮﺑ ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ ﯽﻔﯿﮐ
ﺖﺳا ﻢﻬﻣ . شور دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا يﺎﻫ ﯾو ﯽﻔﯿﮐ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ياﺮﺑ
ﯽﮔﮋ يﺎﻫ
ًﺎﺘﺒﺴﻧ لﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﯽﮕﺘﺧﺎﺳزﺎﺑ هدﺎﺳ
ياﺮﺑ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﻣا ﺖﺳا
ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﺖﺳا ﺖﯿﻤﻫا ﺎﺑ لﻮﺼﺤﻣ يﺎﻫ ]
43 [.
و ﺎﻨﯿﮐرﺎﯾﻮﺑ نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ
] 44 [ رد هﺪﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ يﺎﻫردﻮﭘ ﯽﮕﺘﺴﮑﺷ يور ﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺎﻫﺪﺣاو
ي
،ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ار ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ رد لﺎﻘﺘﻧا و ﻞﻘﻧ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ ﯽﺘﻌﻨﺻ ﮐ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﻮﻤﻧ شراﺰﮔ ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎ
ﯽﻠﻄﺳ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻧ راﻮﻧ ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳ زا ﻪﮐ يا
دﻮﻤﻧ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ،
ﻪﻧﺎﺧرﺎﮐ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﯽﮑﯿﺗﺎﻣﻮﻨﭘ ﯽﺣاﺮﻃ زا ﻪﮐ يا
هﺪﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ يﺎﻫردﻮﭘ لﺎﻘﺘﻧا و ﻞﻘﻧ ياﺮﺑ هزاﺪﻧا دﻮﺑ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ هﺮﻬﺑ
ﺖﺷرد تارذ ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﯽﮕﺘﺴﮑﺷ ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ ﯽﺗرﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﺑ و ﺖﺷاد يﺮﺗ
تارذ و ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ رد تارذ ﺮﺘﮔرﺰﺑ هزاﺪﻧا ﺑ ﺖﯿﻟﻼﺣ زا ،
يﺮﺗﻻﺎ ﺰﯿﻧ
ﺖﯿﻠﺑﺎﻗ و دﻮﺑ رادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﺖﺷاد يﺮﺘﻬﺑ يدﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ يﺎﻫ
.
3 - 4 - ﻪﺘﺧﻮﺳ تارذ
ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺰﯿﻧ هﺪﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ يﺎﻫردﻮﭘ ﻪﺘﺧﻮﺳ تارذ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ترﺎﭼ ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ يﺎﻫردﻮﭘ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﯿﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد ﯽﻧاﻮﺨﻤﻫ A
دﻮﺑ ﻪﺘﺧﻮﺳ تارذ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﮐ دﺎﺠﯾا و ردﻮﭘ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ بﻮﺧ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ) ﻞﮑﺷ 4 .(
Fig 4 Scorched particles of low lactose cocoa milk powder (a) and low lactose banana milk powder (b)
3 - 5 - ﯽﺴﺣ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا
لوﺪﺟ رد ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ و ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﻪﻤﻫ ﯽﺴﺣ تاﺮﻤﻧ 3
نﺎﺸﻧ
ﺪﺷ هداد .
Table 3: Taste, color and odor of samples
Color Taste
Odor
Treatment
5±0 a 4.6±0.2 a
4.9±0 a Reconstituted milk
4.8±0.2 a 4.1±0.1 b
4.8±0.1 a Low lactose reconstituted milk
4.87±0.4 a 4.67±0.2 a
5±0.0 a Low lactose reconstituted banana milk
5±0 a 4.2±0.3 b
5±0 a Low lactose reconstituted cacao milk
4.85±0 a 4.2±0.1 b
5±0 a Reconstituted Banana Milk
5±0 a 3.5±0.1 c
5±0 a Reconstituted Cacao Milk
Different letters in the columns indicate significant differences (P< 0.05)
Values in the same column with different letters are significantly different (p < 0.05).
هداد زا ﻪﮐ رﻮﻄﻧﺎﻤﻫ لوﺪﺟ يﺎﻫ
3 توﺎﻔﺗ ﭻﯿﻫ ،ﺖﺳا ﺺﺨﺸﻣ
ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﮓﻧر ظﺎﺤﻟ زا ﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ رد تاﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ يراد
ﺪﺸﻧ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻮﺑ و )
p<0.05 .(
ﺖﺴﺗ يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺎﻣا زا ﺎﻫ
زا ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ،ﻢﻌﻃ ظﺎﺤﻟ 05
/0 ﯽﻨﻌﻣ فﻼﺘﺧا و دﻮﺑ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ راد
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ تاﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﺖﺷاد دﻮﺟو ﺎﻫ
. ياﺮﺑ ﻢﻌﻃ هﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﯾﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ
ﻢﮐ زﻮﻣ ﺮﯿﺷ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳزﺎﺑ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ
ﺪﺷ ﺖﺒﺛ . ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳزﺎﺑ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ
نآ ﻦﯾﺮﯿﺷ ﻢﻌﻃ ﺮﻃﺎﺨﺑ ﺖﺷاﺪﻧ ﯽﯾﻻﺎﺑ شﺮﯾﺬﭘ
ﺎﻣا ﻪﮐ رﻮﻄﻧﺎﻤﻫ
،ﺪﺷ هرﺎﺷا هﺪﻨﻫد ﻢﻌﻃ داﻮﻣ ﺎﺑ نآ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ
لﻮﺒﻗ درﻮﻣ زﻮﻣ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﻊﻗاو .
ﯾﻮﭼ نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﻮ ]
45 [ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ نﺎﯿﺑ ﻪﮐ
ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ
زﻮﺘﮐﻻﺎﮔ و ﺰﮐﻮﻠﮔﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﯽﻨﯾﺮﯿﺷ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ زا
، ﻻ ﺎﺑ ﺮﯿﺷ زﻮﺘﮐ
نآ ﺪﺑ ﻢﻌﻃ و ﯽﻨﯾﺮﯿﺷ ﺮﻃﺎﺧ ﻪﺑ هﺪﺷ ﺰﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ ﺖﺴﯿﻧ بﻮﻠﻄﻣ
.
ﯾرﺎﮑﯿﻫدا نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﻮ ]
46 [ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد ،ﺪﻧداد مﺎﺠﻧا ﻪﮐ يا
ﯽﮔﮋﯾو زﻮﺘﮐﻻ نوﺪﺑ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﺷ ﺖﯿﺑﻮﻠﻄﻣ و ﯽﺴﺣ يﺎﻫ اﺮﻓ
رﻮﺘﺳﺎﭘ
ﯽﺑﺮﭼ ﺪﺻرد ﺎﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺎﺑ ار توﺎﻔﺘﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﺮﯿﺷ ﺞﯾار يﺎﻫ
ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ . زﻮﺘﮐﻻ نوﺪﺑ ﺮﯿﺷ اﺮﻓ
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ رﻮﺘﺳﺎﭘ ،ﺞﯾار يﺎﻫﺮﯿﺷ ﻪﺑ
ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد ﯽﭽﮔ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ و هﺪﺷ يروآﺮﻓ و ﻪﺘﺨﭘ ﻢﻌﻃ ،ﺐﻟﺎﻏ ﯽﻨﯾﺮﯿﺷ .
زا نآ ﯽﺋﺎﺟ ﻢﻌﻃ هﺮﻤﻧ ﻪﮐ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳزﺎﺑ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ
زا ﺮﺘﻤﮐ هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳزﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳزﺎﺑ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ
ﮏﯾ ،دﻮﺑ
ﺎﺑ رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ندوﺰﻓا 2 % ﺮﮑﺷ ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ
ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا ﺲﭙﺳ و
ﯽﺴﺣ ًادﺪﺠﻣ ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا . ﻦﯾا رد ،ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا ﻪﺑ يﺪﻨﻤﺘﯾﺎﺿر 85
%
دﺮﮐ اﺪﯿﭘ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا .
يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﯽﺴﺣ ﯽﺑﺎﯾرا زﻮﻣ ﺮﯿﺷ
ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳزﺎﺑ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ و
ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳزﺎﺑ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ ﺎﺑ هاﺮﻤﻫ
2 % ﻪﻠﯿﺳﻮﺑ ﺮﮑﺷ ﯽﺴﺣ نﺎﺑﺎﯾزرا
درﻮﻣ ﻮﺑ و ﮓﻧر ،ﻢﻌﻃ ﺮﻃﺎﺨﺑ
ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ شﺮﯾﺬﭘ .
ﻃ ﺮﯿﺷ ﻪﮑﯿﺋﺎﺠﻧآ زا ﻌ
ﻢ ﻢﻬﻣ راد ﻦﯾﺮﺗ ﯿﺷ ﺮ
ﻪﭽﺑ ﻦﯿﺑ ﺞﯾار ﺖﺳا ﻪﺳرﺪﻣ يﺎﻫ
يﮋﺗاﺮﺘﺳا ، ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ
عﻮﻧ ﻦﯾا
ﯽﻣ تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
رﺎﮑﻫار ﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﯽ ياﺮﺑ يﺎﯾاﺰﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
ﻪﯾﺬﻐﺗ ﻪﮐ يداﺮﻓا ياﺮﺑ ﺮﯿﺷ يا ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ،ﺪﻧراد زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻞﻤﺤﺗ مﺪﻋ
.
ﺞﯾار راد ﻢﻌﻃ ﺮﯿﺷ ﻪﭽﺑ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﺮﯿﺷ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ
يﺎﻫ
ﻢﻌﻃ ﺮﯿﺷ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻧﺎﻣز و ﺖﺳا سراﺪﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ زا راد
هﺪﻋو يﺎﻫ
ﻪﺳرﺪﻣ ياﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ فﺮﺼﻣ ،ﺪﺷ فﺬﺣ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻪﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ﻪﺘﻓر ﺖﺳد زا يﺬﻐﻣ داﻮﻣ ندﻮﻤﻧ ﻦﯾﺰﮕﯾﺎﺟ ﺖﺳا ﻪﻨﯾﺰﻫﺮﭘ و ﺖﺨﺳ ﺮﯿﺷ فﺮﺼﻣ ]
47 [.
ﯽﮔﮋﯾو رﺎﻨﮐ رد يﺎﻫ
د و ﯽﯾوراد ﯽﻧﺎﻣر
ﻢﻬﻣ ﯽﮑﯾژﻮﻟﻮﻨﮑﺗ يﺎﯾاﺰﻣ ﯽﺧﺮﺑ ، ﺰﯿﻧ
زا
ﺜﻣ زﻮﺘﮐﻻﺎﮔ و ﺰﮐﻮﻠﮔ ﻪﺑ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﺰﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ ﯾاﺰﻓا ﻞ
ﺶ زا ﺖﯿﻟﻼﺣ
18 % ﻪﺑ 55 % و ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺗ ﯽﻨﯾﺮﯿﺷ 70
% ﯽﻣ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ددﺮﮔ
] 48 [ .
ﺎﺑ تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﺎﯾ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻦﯾﺮﯿﺷدﻮﺧ تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ،ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﺎﺑ ﺮﯿﺷ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻪﻠﯿﺳﻮﺑ ﺮﮑﺷ هدوﺰﻓا راﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﺖﺳا ﺮﯾﺬﭙﻧﺎﮑﻣا هﺪﺷ ﺰﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ .
يﺮﯿﮔرﺎﮑﺑ ،ﺮﮕﯾد ترﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻢﯾﺰﻧآ
زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ياﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ نآ ندﺮﮐ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ ﺲﭙﺳ و
عاﻮﻧا
ﻢﻌﻃ ﯽﺸﺷﺎﭘ ﻦﮐ ﮏﺸﺧ ﺎﺑ ندﺮﮐ ﮏﺸﺧ ﺲﭙﺳ و ﺎﻫ شور
ياﺮﺑ يﺰﯿﻣآ ﺖﯿﻘﻓﻮﻣ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ
ﻢﮐ ﺮﯿﺷ يﺎﻫردﻮﭘ زا ﯽﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ عاﻮﻧا
ﺖﺳا زﻮﺘﮐﻻ .
ﯽﻣ يﮋﺗاﺮﺘﺳا ﻦﯾا ندﺮﺑ رﺎﮑﺑ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ زا ﯽﺸﺨﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
ﻪﯾﺬﻐﺗ يا ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ زا ﯽﻣ ﺖﯾﺎﻤﺣ ﻢﻟﺎﺳ ﯽﮔﺪﻧز ﺪﻨﮐ
.
4 - ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ يﺮﯿﮔ
ﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ت
ﯽﻨﺒﻟ دﻮﺧ يردﻮﭘ -
هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻦﯾﺮﯿﺷ زرﺎﮐﺎﺳ ﺎﺑ ﺎﯾ 1
ﯽﻣ ﺮﺘﻤﮐ هدوﺰﻓا ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
ﺦﺳﺎﭘ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ فﺮﺼﻣ توﺎﻔﺘﻣ يﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ ﻪﺑ
ﺪﻫد ﯽﺘﺒﺜﻣ . ندﻮﺑ بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎﻧ ﻢﻌﻃ
زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻢﮐ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﺷ ﻦﯾﺮﯿﺷ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ
ﻪﺑ هﺪﺷ ﯽﻤﯾﺰﻧآ شور ﯽﻣ ار
ﺘﻌﻨﺻ رد ناﻮﺗ ﺎﺒ
ندوﺰﻓا ﯽﺗﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ
ﻧﻮﭽﻤﻫ زﻮﻣ هرﻮﭙ ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ ردﻮﭘ و ﺰﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ ﺮﯿﺷ ﻪﺑ
هﺪﺷ
، ﺘﺻﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ﯽ
ﺖﻬﺟ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻦﯾﺮﯿﺷ دﻮﺧ راد ﻢﻌﻃ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ زرﺎﮐﺎﺳ نوﺪﺑ
ﻦﯿﯾﺎﭘ زرﺎﮐﺎﺳ ﺎﯾ دﺮﮐ ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ
. ﻪﮑﻧآ لﺎﺣ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﺷ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ رد
ﻢﻌﻃ دوﺪﺣ يرﺎﺠﺗ راد 7
- 6 ﯽﻣ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا زرﺎﮐﺎﺳ ﺪﺻرد ددﺮﮔ
ﻪﮐ
ﻪﯾﺬﻐﺗ ﺐﯾﺎﻌﻣ ا
ار ﯽﺘﻣﻼﺳ و ي ياﺮﺑ دازﺎﻣ يﺮﻟﺎﮐ ﺖﻓﺎﯾرد نﻮﭽﻤﻫ
و نﺎﮐدﻮﮐ هﮋﯾو ﻪﺑ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ فﺮﺼﻣ نﺎﻧاﻮﺟﻮﻧ
دراد هاﺮﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ .
ﺎﺑ
ﻦﯾا ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ عﻮﻧ
ﺎﻫﺮﯿﺷ ﻪﺑ يﺎﻫردﻮﭘ ﻪﻃﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﻤﻫ ًﺎﺒﯾﺮﻘﺗ فﺬﺣ و
ﻢﻌﻃ هﺪﺷ ﺰﯿﻟورﺪﯿﻫ زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﺎﺑ ﺮﯿﺷ زا بآ راﺪﻘﻣ ،راد
ﯽﻣ ناﻮﺗ
ﺎﻬﻧآ دﺮﺳ هﺮﯿﺠﻧز ﻪﺑ زﺎﯿﻧ نوﺪﺑ و دﻮﻤﻧ شرﺎﺒﻧا ار
ﺖﯾﺰﻣ ﺮﺑ نوﺰﻓا
ﻪﻨﯾﺰﻫ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ و لﺎﻘﺘﻧا ،ﺖﺳد رود يﺎﻫرازﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ ،ﻞﻘﻧ و ﻞﻤﺣ يﺎﻫ
داد راﺮﻗ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ ﯽﻀﺘﻘﻣ نﺎﻣز رد .
داﺮﻓا ﯽﻧﺎﮕﻤﻫ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
ﻦﻣ ﯽﺻﺎﺨﺷا ﻪﻠﻤﺟ يﺎﯾاﺰﻣ ﺮﮕﯾد زا ،ﺪﻧراد زﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﻞﻤﺤﺗ مﺪﻋ ﻪﮐ
ﺎﻫردﻮﭘ ﻦﯾا ﯽﻣ بﻮﺴﺤﻣ
دﻮﺷ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻣ ﻪﺘﺳاﻮﺧ ﻦﯿﻣﺎﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ يﺎﻫ
فﺮﺼﻣ ﻪﻧاﺮﺳ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ فﺮﺼﻣ عﻮﻨﺘﻣ هدروآﺮﻓ ﺪﻧدﺮﮔ ﯽﻨﺒﻟ يﺎﻫ .
ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽﻣ ﯽﺗآ يﺎﻫ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
يﺮﯿﮔرﺎﮑﺑ ﻪﺘﺴﺑ
يﺪﻨﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ و راﻮﻧﺎﺧ ،دﺮﻓ فﺮﺼﻣ ﺖﻬﺟ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺖﻌﻨﺻ ﺎﯾ .
1. Self-sweetening
5 - ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
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Modified milk powder: production and investigation of flavored low lactose milk powder
Hatami-Takami, S. Z. 1
1. Food science and industry, Mazandaran administration of Standard, Sari, Iran (Received: 2017/11/27 Accepted:2018/01/08)
One of the ways to avoid dairy products being discontinued by people who are lactose intolerant is to make new products that are easily available. The aim of ths study was production types of low-lactose banana powder and low-lactose cocoa powder with the use of β-galactosidase enzyme using spray dryer and investigation the chemical and mcroal properties of them. The amount of moisture, protein, fat and lactose, particle size, solubility index and scorched particles of low lactose banana milk powder and low lactose cocoa milk powder were studied.Microbiological tests including aerobic mesophilic bacteria, Coliform, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus coagulase positive were also performed. About chemical characteristics moisuire content, fat and ptotein were n standard range. The results showed that 68% of powders size were between 180 to 500 µm, 30% larger than 500 µm and 2% smaller than 125 µm. Sensory evaluation was performed after the treatments were reconstituted with water.Studies have shown that low-lactose milk due to its sweet taste and banana milk and cacao milk were not desirable due to lack of sweetness (no added sugar), but low lactose banana milk had a desirable acceptance.Low lactose cocoamilk had lower scores due to taste and had significant difference with low lactose banana milk (p<0.05).These two modified cow's milk products do not have disadvantages of low-lactose milk, including its sweet taste, as well as the disadvantages of conventional flavored milk due to the addition of relatively high sugar (7-6%), and the challenge of undesirable sweet flavor turns into the opportunity to produce new products by adding flavors and people who are intolerant to lactose, as well as ordinary people can easily use them and benefit from milk.
Keywords: Milk, Low lactose, Banana, Cocoa, Powder
Corresponding Author E-Mail Address: [email protected]
