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2. Advancement of Women.

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2. Nothing contained in the present Charter shall authorize the United Nations to intervene in matters which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any state or shall require the Members to submit such matters to settlement under the present Charter; but this principle shall not prejudice the application of enforcement measures under Chapter Vll. - Charter of the United Nations (signed at San Francisco on 26 June 1945), Chapter I. Purposes and principles, articles 1-2. Available on line at: http://www.un.org/aboutun/charter/chapter1.htm 3. Power Politics.

4. explicit reference.

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United Nations .

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1. The Charter was created primarily to avoid a recurrence of the horrors experienced during World War II. Although the UN Charter addresses the need to protect human rights, in order to avoid controversy which might have scuttled the UN’s creation, it did not actually define the terms included. (Questions and answers about the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, United Nations Association in Canada, available on line at: http://www.unac.org/

rights/question.html) 2. Four Freedoms.

3. Freedom of Speech.

4. Freedom of Religion.

5. Freedom from Fear.

6. Freedom from Want.

7. Atlantic Charter.

8. Security Dilemma.

9. Charter of United Nations, Report to the President on the Result of San Francisco conference, p38.

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1. Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

2. Article 13-1: Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each state.

3. Article 13-2: Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country

4. Case Concerning The Military and Paramilitary Activities in and Against Nicaragua (Nicaragua v. United States of America .

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1. International Court of Justice (1986): “CASE CONCERNING THE MILITARY AND PARAMILITARY ACTIVITIES IN AND AGAINST NICARAGUA (NICARAGUA v.

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA”, Paragraph 268, pp 134-135 (244-245 of the pdf file).

Available (1393/03/25) online at: http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/index.php?sum=367&p1=

3&p2=3&case=70&p3=5 http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/70/6503.pdf

2. Anastasio ("Tachito") Somoza DeBayle (5 December 1925 – 17 September 1980):

Nicaraguan dictator and officially the 73rd and 76th President of Nicaragua from 1 May 1967 to 1 May 1972 and from 1 December 1974 to 17 July 1979.

3. The Sandinista National Liberation Front (Spanish: Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional, or FSLN): a social democratic political party in Nicaragua.

4. Operaciones sicológicas en guerra de guerrillas.

5. Unlawful use of force.

6. Breach of its obligation under customary international law.

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1. Jeane Duane Kirkpatrick (née Jordan; December 19, 1926 – December 7, 2006): American political scientist and United States ambassador to the United Nations (1981-1985).

2. José Daniel Ortega Saavedra.

3. Violeta Barrios Torres de Chamorro (born October 18, 1929): a Nicaraguan political leader, former president and publisher.

4. General Humberto Ortega Saavedra (born January 10, 1947).

5. Joaquín Cuadra Lacayo.

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1. BBC (28 October, 2004): “Kofi Annan 'vetoed UN sex claim': A senior UN official was cleared of sexual harassment earlier this year because the secretary general rejected the verdict of an internal watchdog”, Available (1392/12/25) online at:

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3963639.stm

2. BBC (Thursday, 31 March, 2005, 10:42 GMT 11:42 UK): “UN boss faces harassment charge”, Available (1393/01/15) on line at: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/

4396577.stm

3. Before It's News (June 16, 2014): “ISIS Crisis sets stage for World War III”, Available (1393/04/17) online at: http://beforeitsnews.com/alternative/2014/06/isis-crisis-sets-stage- for-world-war-iii-2975560.html