!"
/ 012 3 04 5
6 7 87 905:
; "<
/ 012 3
) :
20 / 8 / – 88 :
4 / 2 / 89 (
= : : 9 : ? @ A & B# 7 7 C 07 1D 2 / & # "E A
9 @7
0 F 2 /G07 1D 9 5H I ;? @ A
* JK 9 & ' L4
* K M2 .
A 9 " * JK OJ
404
* JK A 9 E
P1 Q< R AG 5 S 4 05@4 S< 0 : 0: T&0S2 UJK
/G 4V& 6&02 .
9A 7 H " A / 03&A 7 "# W& % 07 J 9X < 2 6&
7 & D 9 A -0 0: & & D
Y SH : G D
1D .
D /G A
: 90 Z C * [ 9X < 2 6& :
\ R % FG 2
6 7 5< 9 0 07 < 6& - ] E # 7 5# "<
E 4 &
90I 9
6 7 87 A
7 OJ 6& 0 F 2 ^ C ; "<
< 0 .
I 6& 7
6 7 9X < 2 / _ M2 / 7 7 < 6& 2 `+M
OJ T&0S2 ; "<
7 `+M ab 5C 0' * JK
c2 A * ,5 4 & < 9 S * JK OJ 0 F
07 07
7 < 0H
90 4 5
/ & ' 7 P
.
9 : / 4X
9 : / 4X
::
5& E ; "< 6 7 9X < 2 * JK OJ
* :
!"
: 66409595 Email: Davood_Aghaee2003@yahoo.com
% &'( )*+, - . *" - . /0 1 &2 3. 456. 7.&8 9 " 2 *: 1 -9;< = > *?@A *8 .
.
* C ) <& 9D " E9;, . = F56. G51 . = HI = F56. J9? K % L9M' N <
= O &P
&9Q.& 6 *8 / F56. *;< J9? - . *" "
.& . R&(C E &C =+9S N
9 8 N
< :N
= .&T
&9Q
Henry 1998: 12)
.(
K 11? 3. 7 9 8 (C. -9;<
*< LU.N. *" 1(P = F56. *P I V.N = . 9>
1990
* 3N 3. 7 9 8 N K. 2
* &X K &" Y?A N -(% *8 4N&% M & Z K.3. &>
8 8 P8 N &" = F56. .&Q [
3.
U [9 KZ V.N - . K &" N. ( *8 4N&% K ( 9+" L98 = P ?( /0 . 7 H;I !9
C. &"
Eriksson 2006:223)
.(
3. 9 " R % *P I [+(C " K 9 - . -9( \
N
= G ] *8 (9, & F K IN& N K ^+Y - & &_
Z .
&S.N. N.
*<
1980
&6 S
(9;<. 3. / F56. *" &" K '
= .[
= . S&8 Z
%
Castells 1989:45)
.(
3.
- . *PC 3N& . *" I KZ 3. &2 = C
< 7 N ) &( . L9YT 3. = F56. N =6 Y . 7
(F&C 8 L 8 N . < )L9; .
=
*X]5 L8 T
= / A
&1 ) &9Q
`.
K. ;' . = ;
a +F 3 ]
*(% K \( N =F ;(I.
&8 O+(\ 7 <
&(H8 *" . &X b @ . & . - .
`5 " K HI K % & 8 N K % - . *8
7 N . =2( 8 <
Eriksson 2006:221)
.(
&X *8
. &<
< 7 N *+;I 3.
7 N c" '" = F56.
9 =C 9C N =F ;(I. 7 <
K.&2 3 8 K
> K. F *8 =F ;(I. 7 <N&9 N / F3 - . 3. 7. I ) P8 L].& N Z IN *8 d+F / T 7. . N L1( = <
e N = f&g H Z 9 . N C 9C )/5 P )J8.N &8 .hQ &9_
=
% . 7N &X *8 ET.N 7 N
<
. 8 K. F *8
< a X =F ;(I. 7 –
M O &P =M9
[9 K 3 & F *" i9 "
. : S H Z
. (C. -9;<
)
= K ' &6 S 7N
*" "
(S C N -(S C 7 N
<
=
< '" K 9 =C 9C *F3 4 j . 8
% k
*" .&l
m K. F *8 / F56. G51 . 7 N
& . S /.n 7
= *" C. =C 9C _Z 7. . .
C -98 N =+ )7 & f gC [9 =C 9
% 8 =++;:.
. J8.N &M@( - . &X *8 &2 7 C 3.
-98
&< L+;:.
7 N K. F *8 / F56. G51 . *+;I 3.
N 7.&8 = N =Qo a X
-98 L+;:.
= NZ IN *8 i( 9C - . /5 P 9 &p . = .&99^ .
Herrera 2003:561)
.(
.&8 8 - )
&99^ K. F *8 / F56. G51 . 7 N
= i< q S &8 7 _Z 7. . .
< :N )
< = .
= i< N % 8 KN&98 N LS. J9? H Z r. <. N
e .
&8 = .&9_
-98 J9?
% 8 *(%. L+;:.
.
= = 3 C. &"n *8 a30 *(Y:.
K 9 i9 . 7 N
=C 9C _Z N
. KZ *" i9 " .&T&8 s Y 7 N
& . N (S C 3. ='\8 . 7
KN&8
&X KZ *8 Y .3
i &928
Herrera 2003:575)
.(
- . &8 8 ) -( &Q &X &8 N5F 7 N
*8 = F56. G51 .
*+]& K. F 7.
*(C 9> =(P A N 73 N '" G51 . Y *8 *" =\
8 K. F *8 . KZ
9C m a H@ C
=C 9C /.&9_ N K 8 . P *8 N &" 7 8 -
*I [9 KZ =F ;(I.
%.
. -98 J8.N M K 9 *" &" K ' &6 S 8 N =F ;(I. K .&Q S C L+;:.
< 9<
= P P8 - . *8 N &< =\ =C % *P I 7 7 N
S 3. 9 8 *I
. . K '
Herrera 2003:577- 579 ) .(
9> /&Y : N &X 3.
7 N .& = F56.
7 N
<
*A&F &8 -98 C 9C 7
L+;:.
YF 3.
:
=F ;(I. 7 < 9> )=(:N &9u K.&2 3 8 c1 c .[ . -
J8.N i9< @ &8 KZ =C 9C
-98
` ( H N L+;:.
-98 K.&2 3 8 < O &P 3 8
=++;:.
Muftuler 2007:131)
.(
[9 K ;: " L98
*MY% *PC N Hp *" C. 1(P &2 ' 7. * C N =F ;(I. )m9 N&(M:. )= F56. 7 <
. N
= 9v9> N 3 -98 J8.N &
3 uZ *" C. KZ < K ' - . N C. L+;:.
*PC 8 *" i9( < =(P A G51 . -9 C 7 N
<
, . =: (9, 7 C. %
Rothkopt )
1998:311 .(
ET.N 7 N
<
= F56. - 7
-
*A&F . 73 , J9? =F =6 Y . 7
-98
= LM% =++;:.
- . =@9" 7& &8 N /N @ *" <
7 N
<
*8 Y 7 N
<
=(P A 7
.& - . *" C. - . K 7 N
<
N L P 9< = Q&Q N F&C I / 6 Y .
*A&F 7 H /.&99^ G (% N r.&6. J9? 8 K . s Y . -9 v;< N 7&'8 *P I 7
-98
% =F ;(I. N =2 <& )=C 9C )7 (T. P8. =++;:.
.
) 7 9]N 1386 : 54
.(
-9;< 7.&8
.& 3 ) % = 9 [9 7 .3Z 7 N Q / 6 Y . N / F56. 7 N *" C.
.
< = 7
N a &
< K 3 C . *8 =8 9(C 7.&8 .
N . w&( Q . KZ [I N s Y . K &" .&T&8 N <
F. .
= K M . . L;F 3. I
= & h>
. ) "
`5YT *" = <
* [< &>
-M; N LM' )&
8 .
Killing 2000:21)
.(
&2 7 C 3.
) , . xF 8 / F56. G51 .
*MY% i( 9C ".
3. ='\8 *" = I ) % 7.
K HI N 9PT.N )
y N K M N Y =M [9 C. 73 , =
. g9?
= 5 " *" m9 N&(M:.
= &8 . I *;< N 8 = HI
&9Q
Cavelty 2008:34)
.(
(C. -9;<
)
= . 9> *8 =Q.
%. = HI *A&F I = ;F 3 ]
= T &9u *" "
L % N 8 *18 C L8
= I 7 < * N N K.&2' " )/ F j
% . I = ;F 3 ] - . = . 9> 7N *(@Q *8
* &X -98 J8.N 7 <
= & [Q . L+;:.
"
e N *(S. &> H Z *P: g *8 *"
&8 . K ' .&9_
-98 C 9C / F j
< .&T 7N ".N N =C &8 L+;:.
Ruggie 2004:529-531 ) .(
= =PC *: 1 - . *" C. I / F j -9;< - . 3. =M / F56. G51 .
%
e *8 7&X P8 3.
% *(S. &> =+ 9 . *: 1 &8 KZ &9_
. .&l iH =+ 9 . *"
N - &
=+A.
iH N =+ :N *@9pN - &
*(% K. ' . *I K " *" C. =F j - &
8.N -98 J C. *( &Q .&T L+;:.
.
*;< &X 3.
:N
<
-98 a X &2' " 7
=+ 9 . )L+;:.
=(9PT.N
% 8 H Z = u r < -9( \ N 7 IN +F -9( \ % N 7 9+"
. O &P
wN *8 =(:N &< . C. . % =+ 9 . z9T
= L;F = <
c< Q G 3 8 *" "
. =+ 9 . 8 C
. C 3&@:N =+ 9 . O &P 1962
*8 =+ 9 . *" &" K 98
w3 . *8 Y H K. 1 7 P
<
C. *P I &< =C C. 7 .
- .&8 8 k 3&@:N *(@Q zY6
6 *8 &Q. K *( *PC E . I 7
/ F56. - . *8 H ) % = F56. E . I .[
= 8 H K. F *8 .
% *( &Q &X E . I - . *( < *
Eriksson 2006:222)
.(
3.
&2 7 C )
K 9 *" m [ 9> iu =+F 7 N
-98 N =+ C 9C N ) . IN =++;:.
- . q . 7&X 7 < "
4 j G l l m . *: 1 N - . <. \8 *" . IN
x?8 N . 7 I 7&X
"
. / YF *8
&2 )
> 8 s Y . I / 98 . =C &8
= K ' / F56. G51 . / 98 . - . *" <
w5
<
7
=" .
* &X -( 8 " *8 7 <
-98 J8.N
&9_ L9+? N * [, L+;:.
C. *( &Q / A 9 . > &8 / F56. G51 . .
+" 6 *8
= *(%hQ / 191? 7 N& 8 8 =+ 9 . &8 / F56. G51 . &9_
= N&8N / 98 . 3. *(C N i %
:
7 N. *(C
*P I = . 9> &8 *" ( < = 191? N <
= %. = HI = F56.
`0 A. N "
r&]
=;" 7 <
8
= K 98 9 . aN *(C N "
98 . [9
= { S 8
& F N& N | I N 8 ? C 9C &('98 *" C. (9,
m &_.
.
% = H Z q
. } K. F *8 )
s Y . - . )
N [+(C " K v;< 7 .& .
/.&9_ 3. 0 7 N
N = X m o .&(C. / 6 Y . )*( K 3 C a&I &8 = F56. G51 .
/ ^9+Y K. F *8 / F56. 3. @(C.
= 8 G51 . - . s Y . K 98 *8 =:N ) 3. &>
* &X 7 <
-98 J8.N 3. &> =; L+;:.
Eriksson 2006:222-224)
.(
- .&8 8 ) I 7&X &1 *8 *I 8
*" C. - . *: 1 - . =+A. . C )/ F56. G51 . *8 s 8& / 98 .
< 9<
7&X 7
98 J8.N *(% I O+(\
- e *8 Y =< Q *l L+;:.
*: 1 &8 G51 . - . &9_
~ . =+ 9 .
! "# $" %
:N K l = jN&@ 8 *" ( < = .3. &> * &X - & =+A. N - & iH 3. K .&Q ET.N 7&2' " K 8 = 51F *8 N 8 )7 ? :N
<
K. F *8 9 . N / T -( &Q &X N
w3 .
=+A. :N *" 1(P :N &< =C C. 7 <
e EI& - &
9 . " -9 C.
N
K v;< = < .&
7 N
` &A = F56.
e *" 8 I m
*(%. =+ 9 . &8 7&9_
. N .
*PC 3. i< &Q. K.3. &> * &X - . 7 N
s Y . . KZ 28 = \C = F56.
*PC 8
< = . -98 J8.N =( C K.&2 3 8 K. F *8 :N = X 7
= &X L+;:.
&9Q .
iH 3. =M [(:.N &X 3. } K. F *8 )7 (S C = .&Q ET.N K.&M@( - &
7 N I
8 = X = . c .[ . N i( 9C / T E 3
= K.&2 3
%
Herrera 2003:581)
.(
ET.N ) ET.N 9< G l l 9 . *8 Y =( C &M@
*(%. .&T .&Q k
*" .&l
9< - . e :N 9;" ] N =j . 9 ; &8
*" C. :N - . N % 9 8 9"
Z = G ] *8 9 . =+A. EI& N &2 3 8 .
* &X - . )
H
` ;F <
= X 9<
e .[8. [9 = X / T N *(%.
= G ] *8 9 . -9 e -9;< 7.&8 N Z
H Z *" C. *:
•9<
98 =; (9, & F 9 . q 7.&8 K % < * &X = 98 3 8 *8 =I 9(].
k
*" .&l
8 - & =+A. N - & iH . :N K l i< H Z % K 98 *" * Q K ;<
&" =1+ &2 3 *"
e * Q •9< / F56. G51 .
= =1+ iH *" 7[9l H N *(%. KZ &8 7&9_
€@] %
&2 / YF *8 N =j . 9 ; ) 9;" ] ) 51(C.
) A. 3. *" C. :N =M [9 9 .
= G ] *8 =+ 9 . =C C.
Z
Eriksson 2006:231-232)
.(
. *8 2 4 - .
9
ET.N 9<
e( = .&Q
% 8 = / T *8 H Z 2 3. &_
k ET.N &X / T *" .&l m K .&Q
•9 8 &8 *" = T ) C. &2 3 8 N K 9 { S N i91( J8.N &8 = (Y N 7 YI. / T L9 r5S &8 7 " a , . * H8 &2 3 8 m K &" . .N 7 P *8 N 8 . (C. 7 E8 N
C. = X 7N&9 3. @(C. =(] N = X H &8 = (Y *" = T ) C. N. *(C. S
Barnet and Raymond Duvall 2005:51-53) .(
&2 7 C 3.
) ET.N K.3. &> * &X -98 J8.N =( C / &I ‚[I *" .&Q
G ] *8 L+;:.
=
= K 98 S m o .&(C. / P: g Z
=+F *" "
N =Y<h / F3 = . 9> iu
*8 =I 9(]. •9< *( K 3 C a&I N = F56. G51 . )= HI a[ N& )=T5S.
&M N ƒC E
*8 9 . 9
Ayoob 1997: 49) .(
Z &X *8 H
;F. * Q •9< 7. . =(:N &9u K.&2 3 8
=; N Y = T
NZ .N =+ 9 . &8 =++S . .
F *8
&2 / Y )
8 H Z c: l
<
7
3. =%
= S&8 = A K ;< *8 / F56. G51 . 8 *" "
c: l
<
= HI 3. =% 7
=+ .& )K % L8 1( =2( 8.N N = .&Q
. - .&8 8 ) 7 N H H Z 7.&8 = F56. G51 .
Z =; G ] *8 =(9 . .
18 8 r .&( . 9 . H Z *" .&l
‚ 9 & - 8 N &" O &P
8 l l .N . 9 .
=
`5 "
ƒ9y N „\' z
=
"
Eriksson 2006:229)
.(
ET.N aN. . = F56. | I K .&Q m V : M
| I N =M [9 | I m9C5" M%.
= &X m9 N&(M:.
&9Q . H Z &X *8 7 N
<
+U CN )=6 Y . N = F56. 7
=
N I
T K (C *" ( < ; :N
<
= H Z N *(%. .&T ; N&_ N ; T 7 - . 3. .
< 7 N N 9 . )/ T c .[ . HI
< = .
" @(C. S 7 .
* &X - . K.3. &>
= %. ?( /0 . '" *8 } 7.&8 3. @(C. 8 *" "
7 N N = F56.
1 . G5
-98 a X m9 o< 2 I *8 C. *( . = X .
/ T N 9 . N 8 C L+;:.
< c .[ . . S
.( Goldman 2005:67-6)
-9;<
) 8 K.&M@( 3. &2 =M -9D+9Q
= K 98 = .&Q ET.N
*S&l *" 7 '" *" "
V : M K o< % 8 *(%. C . m
<. S 8
Herrera 2003:581) .(
+" 6 *8 )=
ET.N K.3. &> * &X ƒ9P =" .&Q
3. * .&Q - 7 N
N *(%. KZ /.&99^ N
7 N
& . . 7 KN&8
*8 Y .3
a X -98
= &X L+;:.
= *" &9Q c .[ . xF 8 .
% ; T K.&2 3 8 = X K.
. H Z &X *8 7 N
1
= J a X / T E 3 &8 .
-98 e L+;:.
3 C K Q&Q . KZ N .hQ &9_
. - .&8 8 ) N =F ;(I. P8 *8 *IN •9< *8 H Z
= P 7 N
` &A N &M *I e *8
= *I / T E 3 &8 KZ /.&9_
"
Herrera )
2003:582-583
.(
N / &X *" C = &X *8 *(Y:.
Q e a F =( 9: U 7 <
&9_
`5 " =+ 9 . c< " &8 / F56. G51 .
=
&9Q .&T c: l . .
} 7.&8 )
= = X /5;] *8 K.
11 N& *" &" %. &Y (DC -9;< 3. @(C. 8 <
7 N
`5 " . ?( /0 . 9 . ( . = F56.
gS *8
&
N *(S. . 7 I =': l 8 . KZ
*I.
"
. - .&8 8 ) ET.N *(@Q r5S &8 K. =
= F56. G51 . *" &" F . * 2 . K .&Q
1 8
< N&Q
=+ 9 . *9] N 3. =+ N& N =+ .& 7
< :N
&gS *8 5 " .
C. *(S. .
Goldstein 2006:11) .(
, . 8 &2 7 C 3.
… H D" (M w&( Q N 7 C 3.
8
*" c . M;< N K.3 8 7
%. &8
`5 " . 9 . 3. * .&Q L9+1 N =( C 7 <
ƒC 9 . a H@ N . .&T 1( . E
ƒ9y 9 . 8 *+8 1 . ET.N &X z
. . .&T K .&Q
Buzan and Waever 1998 ) (
)
=
*" &" F . K.
=; &2 3N& .
` &A K.
= X 9 . K. F 8 r .&( . =+ 9 .
8 N .
2 - . *" . 7&}". ] 2 *8 . S 7 I 9 . *8 =+T. ] 2
7 N
= = F56. G51 . 9 . &8 .
e < :N N *(%. = .&9_
" H . KZ .
& ' ( ! "# $"
ET.N K.3. &> * &X r5S &8 &9Q = 7 I N&Q - . *" = .3. &> * &X 1(P .&Q
c C& - . S *" . c C& . :N 9;" ] E . I *;< / F56. G51 . *"
=
> 3. N -9 > *8 0 8 3. [ ;( 7 < .& 3. .
< † 0 8 *8 -9 .
-9 > *8 0 8 3. /5;]
3. 7 9 8 3. =%
< K &I YF <3& 3. *" ( < =+ .& 7
= z+g 9;" ] N "
= .&T c: l . :N
=( M]&9u K.&2 3 8 3. =% [9 0 8 *8 -9 > 3. /5;] N <
4 ;(I. -9 > 9 8 7 < * 0 N =+ N&
3 C
< K )=( M]&9u 7
< N&Q =(:N &9u 7
N ....
( <
)
=;91(
1385 : 225
.(
` Y &1
= K.3. &> * &X &('98 *" @Q * Q - . K.
N M . K.3. &> * &X &}". N 9:.&Y9:
< Q
&9Q = 7 I N&Q - . =851 . 7 .
* &X
&X *8 i< .&Y9: N .&Y9: 7 <
= .&Q ET.N / 7 N
& . 7 KN&8
Y .3
*8 a X
= *( &Q &X L+;:. -98
= *" %
e .
19;F /.&9_
= 4 N ‡gC &8 7 M;<
<
% 8 *(%.
.
*8 .&Y9: K.3. &> * &X 7 N
= 2 { S 6 *8 N "
&X . KZ 4. .
=
&9Q k H Z &X *8 *" .&l 7 N
-98 C 9C 7.&8 N 8 = 9] N iH 9 8 L+;:.
/.&99^
7 N
% K HI K % & ml " xF 8 / F56. G51 . *+;I 3.
=2( 8.N N 7 <
= c .[ . . L8 1(
<
Herrera 2003:584-585)
- .&8 8 .(
) .&Y9:
&< *" 1(P [9 <
7 N
K3. &99^ xF 8 / F56. G51 . *+;I 3.
‡gC i< N =+S. ‡gC i< / T
-98 N % =++;:.
= >
-98 J8.N 7 <
`5 " . L+;:.
e ?
.&T &9_
=
<
. : ] - . )
7 N =+ . (T. N 9;" ] 7 < * > K % C N =+ 9 . OPj xF 8 = F56.
= :N
%
Eriksson 2006:231-232)
.(
e *" I KZ3.
N 9"
L % 7 H / T N C. 7 H / T &8 .&Y9: K.3. &> * &X *I
N K.&2 3 8 &( " ;F.
e
&9_
".&> J8.N z &6 3. N i91( &9u 6 *8 H Z ( &8 7 .hQ
% 8 = L P a F N k
. *I K.&2 3 8 K 9 i91( &9u &( " N n @ *8 H Z - .&8 8
Barnet and Raymond Duvall 2005:44-4) .(
.&Y9:
`5 " / F56. G51 . *" 1(P <
&8
-98 K.&2 3 8 K 9 / T E 3 ? e =++;:.
:N 9 . N / T N 8 .hQ &9_
– +
`5 " .
e ?
< = .&T &9_
k
*8 N =(:N &9u K.&2 3 8 1 xF 8 G51 . - . *" .&l
{ S
< N&Q N& 7 -98 =(
*8 . I N 7 I /. H S & . - . *" % =++;:.
= .N =+ 9 . NZ
Goldstein 2006:14)
.(
3N& . .&Y9: K.3. &> * &X &X *8
< :N 8
N =C 9C .[ /. H
7 N 9CZ N ( < N&8N 8 H Z 3N& . *" I = < 7& h>
5 " ) ( < *I. KZ
`
. /N @( *(%hQ /.&gS N /. H 8 =@9" ˆ ?: *8 k C
.&l
` ;91( /. H - . *"
3.
< &'9>
7 7 N 7.&8
< :N Z = LA ] .
3. N&Q - .
L9+? N * [, e 3. K.&Q
-98 C 9C &8 = F56. E . I L} =(:N &9u K.&2 3 8 &9_
N L+;:.
. N =I S C 9C 7&9Q LM%
K&T I =+ 9 21
- . *" - . N Q = -\C
*l = F56. E . I c: l
<
= . =
" , . :N 9 . N / T &8.&8 . .
H Z
ƒC 9 . a H@ =F *8 -9 v;<
*8 N &" f&g . E
< c: l 3 )= . )=(9 . 7
= [9 7 (T. N =g9?
- . *" 3. &>
c: l
<
7 < .& N =+ .& J8.N *PC .&;< *8
N K % = HI 3. =%
N *('Q :N 9;" ] =Q > l N =2( M% xF 8 / F56. G51 .
+Y;C K. F *8 &('98 :N 9;" ] 3. H Z *" C I - .
=
= =C 9C
m "
=C 9C 9PT.N
Eriksson 2006:235-236)
.(
* &X 3. =<N&Q ) .& . 9;<. c .[ . &8 N5F / F56. G51 . 1(P .&Y9: K.3. &>
cY I
<
*MY% .&;< *8 )=+ .& 7 < *MY% N =F ;(I. 7 'S 7 (T. *(C 9> i< *8 7 <
9 . - .&8 8 N . c< " . =(:N -98 )
'1
=
= @ . *(%hQ *8 Y &(;"
"
Rosecrance 1999:71)
.(
&X *8 *(%hQ *" =: ] H Z
< :N
8 T
< a X 7
) % 8 *(%. / X ? S z+g 9;" ] 3. @(C. 8 . K [ + N . L} = F56.
C
<
&9S. 7 K 3 C
<
* &] 7 C 456. 7.
)K. K. =C N =C =8 =8 L} =
K 3 C
<
.& . -9 v;< N 7&'8 b 1] 7 / F56. 7&9Q.& N =8 9(C )= ".&> &YS *8 T
`5 " *" ( < K.N.&
R&(C 3. ‰ S
< :N C .
= / F56. - . .
&_ 7 ? *8
3&6 &8 e :N m K. N&H% =1+ N w&2 N 8 .hQ &9_
7 < (S C L8 1 . H Z
< .&T K % '" =C 9C N 7 (T.
Camilleri and Falk 1992:78-79 )
.(
- .&8 8 )
? N
7 < .[8. N / F56. ? . c< " *8 = F56. N =6 Y . 7 < .[8. c .[ . N K % =: (9, = F56.
*8 CN
*+9 -98 K.&2 3 8 /5 P c .[ . xF 8 N % &, :N
= [2 I N =++;:.
*MY% - . LM% 8 <
LYT - H 7 <
&Q C.
Eriksson 2006:237) .(
* &X 3. =M 7 3. =M =( 9:.&Y9: K.3. &>
< G ("
a 8 S 7
"
& F =C.&"
/ F56.
"
= K 98 N *" "
< M]
. IN = <&9 3N& . N % a ; … [8 7
;C *8 *;" ] :N m 3. = .&;M] =Q ".&> xF 8 *"
< "&%
)=+ N =+ .& 7
C
< K 3 N =(:N &9u 7
< N&Q
% = =+? 7 .
IN &6 S *8 9;" ] =Q ".&> - .
= =+A. K &I *C
% 8 : 7 (T. 73 C .3Z *8 s 8& 7 < .& )K % = HI N
=++;:. -98
N 9: K %
/ F56. G51 . .
- . *C &< 7N
< K &I K.&2 3 8 K % iH xF 8 .
= =(:N &9u .
Nye and Kamarck 2002:67-69)
.(
a& / T C. 1(P -9 v;< 7
= . N K.&2 GhI 7 P *8 N Y =M( 7 E8 •9 8 &8 \C / T r5S&8 3. . *8 / F56. & F ) % 8 = „\' r. <. z1? 7.&8 H Z / ?9I& *8 K . LM%
= 9;<. \C / T IN &6 S *8 i< KZ N 8
"
*8 *" C. =6 Y . *Y I l 7 <
=(].
= YF =+ 9;" ] 7 <3& 3. .
"
Nye 2002: 34-35)
.(
-9 v;< 7N &X 3.
.& w&( Q
< 7 N
*MY% N 7. *9% ] N =(:N &9u K.&2 3 8 =8 9(C I = F56. 7 <
= z &6 - . 3. H Z *" .&l C. % a& / T *8 .
w3 . n @ N Š9+Y . S 7 <
-98 " (C . S
< c .[ . =++;:.
Nye 2002:36)
.(
&Q. - .&8 8
=+9S 7N *l
C 7 < H ‡ &' *8 ‡ &A
&Y 7 7N a& / T a H@ . 3. &> =; =+ 9 . *8 Y
= 7.&8 = F56. G51 .3. =% 7 < H *8 Y . 7N &X . 3 C -%N
.
"
Q
<
N M . K.3. &> * &X ) .&Y9: 7
< Q *" 1(P [9 =851 . 7
-98 i( 9C =C C. /.&99^ xF 8 K % = HI *8 = F56. G51 . -9 v;< N =++;:.
9u K.&2 3 8 1
&
C. % =(:N .
" &8 *" C. = .3. &> * &X 3. =M 3N i
K % 9;<.
w&( Q *" C. 1(P N *(%. 9" :N = 9 3&C 9<
7 N
<
9]5A = F56. 7
*" . c< " . :N . (T. N w&( Q . H Z L P 9 &p K.[9 N K. N&H% =2( % N C. % &, L+;:. -98 > & F Hp *8 S - . .
:N m9% Z =( C K HI 7N &X *8
? I C. =(:N &9u 4 ( K.&2 3 8 3. LM'( *" % I =C 9C *A&F - [2
Rosenau 2002:81-83)
+" 6 *8 .(
e *8 K.3. &> * &X 3. *(C - . = 3. =% =2 <& /.&9_
| <& 1 N / F56. G51 . &, =+ 9 . c< " *8 =2;< *" 3. &> = =+? 7 <
*" 1(P N % = / F56. G51 .
. =
*9] N 3. . =+ 9 . :N
<
7
w5 N < .&T H =+S. K @: \ N =I S
< :N / &I - . 8 *+8 1 7.&8
. M% *8 a (? =2;<
C
Goldstein 2006:16)
.(
= &X *8 . - . *l KZ r5S &8 C
-98 J8.N K.3. &> * &X 3. N&Q .
7 < .& 3. =% =+ 9 . c< " { S L+;:
N K % = HI - . . &< *(@Q *8 K. = ) " = K 98 / F56. G51 .
&9_e *" &" K 98 * Q
e =+ 9 . &8 G51 . - .
&9_
7 C. 8 * QN
Herrera 2003:591)
.(
7.&8 G51 . - .
. " & . KZ . (8 *" = "
A& 7.
C. G S 7 <
. } K. F *8 )
K 9 X
7&9Q KZ 3. @(C. N / F56. 3. @(C. 8 ?( /0 . *8 . *( . / F3 N <
YT YT i9; - &(H8 C&8 K '
. A& - . YT . 73 C
/. H 3. '" - . <
8 N Y K . i< = F56. =(9 . 9CZ * 9 3 - . 7 '" •9< 3. . *
Y & & h>
C.
Cavelty 2008:25)
.(
- .&8 8 ) A& 7 '" &< 7.&8 G51 . - . 4 TN N <
N ?
<
w. =+ 9 . c< " N c .[ . 7.&8 = .
.
&2 7 C 3.
) G51 . *l &Q.
m K. N&H% =< QZ N < K &" =C 9C *8 / F56.
` N[: . 9 , . :N , . *8
=C.&"
*8 CN
*+9 9 H Z 7 < :N C. 9 ,
.
&2 7 C 3.
< :N &< .&Q . (T. 7
= H R ]. ,"
K ' . N&H% 7.&8 . / F56. *8 =C&(C &_ 6 *8 . = "
" N ? .
- . &2 } 8
. = X . G51 .
*,9( G51 . - . *" C
N % 8 *(%. 9(S. . KZ *" M & Z ?( /0 . L} = < '" 7.&8 / F56. G51 .
*8 . (8
= ) " @(C. KZ 3. &_ 6
e .
-9
% 8 / +8 9 . "
Herrera )
2003:590
.(
&> * &X 3. =S&8 % K 98 *" * Q K ;<
K.3.
< i V N
< 7 M;<
-98 7
&8 *" =++;:.
(C e = 2;< 7 <0 " N z+g 7 < N 1 xF 8 / F56. G51 . *" 1(P ) . 9"
i V
<
K 9 7 M;< 7
< :N = ; . G S N = 2;< 7 <0 " *8 =C&(C N %
* 9 3 K CZ =(9 . N 7 (T. )=g9? 3 7 <
&" &
c< " xF 8 H . *;< *" C.
K 9 | I :N
<
8 )
* C. % =+ 9 . c .[ . H N L8 1( =2( 8.N K Z IN
Goldstein 2006:18)
.(
)* + , ( ! "# $"
7 Q L8 1 P@ N * .&Q
+A. K &I ? N * .&Q P Q )=
7 1( .
-98 J8.N *(% a Hl &p K &I LU ? ] N =@ + 7. &p *" L+;:.
L" 6 *8 KZ K.3. &> * &X *" &Q LM% ) 8 *(% - . * C % &P N * C % =( <
* &X -98 J8.N 7 1( . K.3. &>
% = *(S % L+;:.
.
&I 3. =M - . iH N =+A. /
c .3 8 N 7 1( . (M 7.&Q
-98 J8.N . 7 2 . 3 C 9< )L+;:.
C
*"
* &X K.3. &>
* N N K 83 )K ;(@Q ) P c1 ) 9PT.N K 8 =F ;(I. &8 KZ 7 <
*8 K . LM% = .
e 9PT.N
. 3 9 8 9"
Price and Smith 1998:78-79 ) .(
M@(
(M - . K.&
3 C
* &X N K.&M@( 3. iF. * . 2 . L % M . K.3. &>
Q
<
N .&Q (S C > 7
3 C =F ;(I. P8 *8 r P( K. 2 . 7 N
- . -( &Q &X &8 N5F N . 9;<. 9 8
= P P8 e )
N Hp xF 8 *" C. =F ;(I. /.&99^ &8 K % 9"
. '(
7 N *A&F
-98 C 9C
= L+;:.
%
Herrera 2003:590)
.(
N = P 4 N &}M H Z &X *8 &2 7 C 3.
=Qo N 3. i9< @ -98 J8.N *(% =+A. 7 <
. L+;:.
C . -98 J8.N i9< @ 1(P H Z 3. L+;:.
. 9 . a H@ *+;I 3. ‹ N = M .& N = 3.& = <
* 9 3 X( . - .&8 8 N Y 7
= P &( Q *" N
* 9 3 EY *8 i9< @ - . =
% ?( { S = M N = 3 7 <
. 3.
* &X - . -98 J8.N i9< @ K.3. &>
*(S C&8 9 . a H@ *+;I 3. L+;:.
= <
( <
*"
=
&9Q .&T =;U. &99^ Œ&P .
) .3&9' 1386 : 22
.(
&2 7 C 3.
Z )
&99^ - . *v
= 73 8 = 9] N iH 9 8 c1 i9< @
*A&F *" C. = 0 ? N = N&98 E TN "
-98 C 9C
= † L+;:.
<
.
&2 / YF *8 )
-98 J8.N /0 ? G51 . *+;I 3. L+;:.
= / F56.
@ = P &99^ N = Q&Q &8 5 " .
% 8 .hQ&9_ 9 . a H .
3 C &X *8 -
` Y &1 %hQ 3. P8 3N& . K. 2 . 360
= 9: @(CN < P 3. *" =: C
=% /0 ? 8 hQ
:N ) 9;" ] K v;< =;9< @ ? < % / F56. G51 . 4 TN N K % = HI 3.
–
i9( < 9 . N / T ) + .
- .&8 8 )
* / F56. G51 .
=+ 9 . a H@ ? I H
C /. H L} I =(9 . /. H K Z IN *8 xF 8 *M+8 % I 4. .N m9( &Y
< | I C. % = F56. | I *+;I 3.
. (C. - . )
I =(9 . K.&2 3 8 Hp < %
*+9CN *8 * . S r. <. I K.&2 3 8 - . *" i9( < [9 5;] 7
E8 •9 8 N =M [9 /
. *+9CN *8 *M+8 7 -(S. .
< | I
= C *8 = F56. 7 NZ
.
*8 = F56. | I
= b56. | I 3. =F N / F56. K &8 -98 3. r < KZ *" %
< a X = F56. 7
N / F56. €@] 8 -;%
< a X C. 7 S = F56. 7 .
3 8 *" C. =: ] - . K.&2
-98 J8.N =( C C *8 =P;I *(C ('" 7 H]5C *+9CN *8 . S r. <. L+;:.
= NZ
Eriksson 2007:56-5)
.(
(C. -9;<
) 2 . 3 C K.3. &> * &X 3. =M K
= K 98 M . 3. =M *" "
e 3. . .& . *" C. - . (9, & F | I /.&9_
| I
<
S 7
= N =PT.N -9
"
Der Derian 2000:775)
.(
8 - &M@( 3. *(C - . e
N *@: N - . K 9 s Y . *8 < N | <& 9;<. &8 9"
= 9 .
*" 1(P N 3. &>
< | I F = F56. 7
=
*" C. < | I 3. { S
" c: l *8 KN&98 N LS. K 9 3& *+;I 3. <3& *;< KZ
= 9'
% . C (C. -9;<
= . 9> 3. H Z *"
< <
C 7 y I 7
&8 = a &Y .
1(P * 9 3 -9;< 8
G l l *" C. 9PT.N.& 7&'8 J .&% * \' *IN 3N& . C.
Z 7 < * C K
= LM% 9PT.N *8 i<
i< N <
Z
= 3 8 . K
;
Everard 2000:37)
.(
3 ] - .&8 8
= L6 8 . = 9F H a H@ 7 2 . 3 C ) 9 .
;%
k
=+ < - . *" .&l :N
<
.
= m;" H Z *8 *" C . =+ 9 . 7 < H . S 3. *" =(%. &8 R C. &8 "
" O &P .
ET.N 3 C . < " - . 8 K. 2 . :. (C K. F *8
+;P
= .N
=C &8
<
7
=I S C 9C N =(9 . :N
<
=
"
.
&_. - .&8 8
&8 &2 9 . / F56. G51 .
= = P N = <n 98 )=F ;(I. = H@ N *(%. :0 = N&98 7 9PjN P8 *" %
=( < N =( <
= S *8 * C %
&9Q
Mitzen 2006:356)
.(
(C. -9;<
K[(9 *" C.
-98 J8.N 2 . 3 C N 7 1( . K.&M@( 3. =M
*v Z r5S&8 C. 1(P S *: 1 L+;:.
ET.N
= K .&Q Q
< :N Y *8 N Y KZ €@] N S =M [9 9 . Y *8 J1
[9 S =( < 9 . N * C % =( < 9 . ( <
. . - . 7N &X *8
* C % =( < 9
= 7& [9 :N *8 N % 3 uZ 7 & ‡gC 3.
8
Mitzen 2006:357-361)
.(
/ YF *8
&2 ) 3 C e 8 K. 2 . LY;C 9;<. &8 9"
% , . & N N <
*8 CN
*+9 7 N
<
7
9 . a H@ ? &8 = F56.
*(%. " &X
` &A . KZ N
=; =M [9 9 . .
. 3.
„S % *+;I
9 . a H@ f&6 K l 7 . *8 K. = 9 . a H@ ? - . 7 <
=( <
*@: N 9 . K 9 K &" .&T&8 s Y . )* C % IN )| <& N < K l = <
R /. H .
C a[ N& )&Y N = F56. / 9+;F )= F56. | I )= X . G51 .)&Y
....
%.
&"
. } K. F *8 )
C /. H
*I L8 T 7& &8 N =2( I&8 7. . *" &Y
ƒ9P( = . H K. F *8 ) . % =(9 . /.&M@
*P I *8 =(P A *P I 3. "&] K ' -
= . /. H - . 8 s Y . i9< @ *" ( < = F56.
i< N = ;F 7 y i< K.
7 y
)=A S
&" < ' = K.&2 3 8 K 9 i< N = X K.&2 3 8 K 9 i<
.
7 <3& K % | &;" N -( K 9 3. xF 8 S =+ .& *Y I 8 /. H - . *" .&l -98 N =+S.
N | I 0 A. N =A S N = ;F 7 < y )= N = X 7 < y )=++;:.
% ‡+A .
Eriksson 2006:241)
.(
3. &2 7 9 8 N -9l )*9CN ) M & Z L} = < '" 3N& . = F56. *P I H , . *8 = >N . 7 < '"
7 /. H 8 *+8 1 N L9+? N * [, )/ X 7.&8 I
. *(S. &> = HI = F56. *P I 3. =%
k
; T = < '" 3N& . *" .&l -; . N &
3. &
7 T = F56. ˆ ?: *8 *" ( < K.&2 9CZ N &
= F56. 7& h>
- . *" % 8 &(;" [9 K %
3. =% =+ 9 . a H@ ? K ' S . / F56. G51 .
Eriksson 2006:242) .(
-98 J8.N * . 2 . 3 C Q
= K 98 7 1( . 7 8 L+;:.
.&(C. / P: g *" "
m o
ET.N 7&9 @ R C. &8 -98 J8.N 3. .&Q
/. H *8 J1 0 A. N . % H 8 L+;:.
= 2 =(9 . H K. F *8 '" *9+F = X
"
k
=(9 . / P: g *" =: ] 8
&9Q .&T =C &8 [9 = X &9u /. H *" % =PC .
C | I K > 8 H Z &X *8 N &
i9< @ *PC / F56. G51 .N K % = HI 3. =% 7 < .& N =YgTN a X -( K 9 3.
8 = / N&j 9 . I .
K. F ? K HI &8 J+ zg / F56. & F - .&8 8
456.
= *(S % = .&Q
`0 A. N % -9'9> 7 < N 3. . N - . *" C. zg -9;<
[ ;(
:N 7.&8 9 . % K 98 *" * Q K ;< N &"
- K.[9 - & 0 8 *8 = A +
= S
" A N 9: . / F56. - &('98 *" C .
*" K.[9 K ;< *8 &2 / YF *8
:N
<
*8 KN[ .3N 6 *8 7 N
X ? ) % = *( 8.N =6 Y . N = F56.
*8 = F56. =(S C& 3 7.&8 )=+ 9 . C 9C & F K. F
Z
*" 7[9l ) C. 7 N&j H
%. IN *(%hQ
Cavelty 2008:27)
.(
=+ 9 . a H@ ? 3. K ' S - . N
/ F56. & F .
*" * 2 Z Q
<
-98 J8.N 2 . 3 C r P( N M . 7 KZ *8 L+;:.
" = K Fn.
.
- .
<
. r e 7&X =C &8 (% - . =+A
&9_
8 =+ 9 . *: 1 &8 / F56. G51 . .
*" * Q K ;<
e { S % K 98 [9 *: 1 ˆ ?: *8 =+ 9 . *: 1 &8 G51 . - . &9_
-98 J8.N K ( 7&X
&" = C % . / &X 3. *(C *C K. = L+;:.
: N. *(C
8 zYg = &X
< Q ET.N N =( 9: U 7 -98 J8.N * .&Q
L+;:.
( <
= jN&@ 8 *"
K v;<
:N -9 3&C N 7 ?
= C % N :N =M [9 9 . *8 K 8 LU T )7 ?
&A /. H
`
= X )
`0 A. *" 1(P
=; / F56. G51 .
&8 7 H K. F *8 .
51(C.
=+ 9 . N 9;" ] )
< :N
{ S *8
< :N
% Œ& ; T 7 .
3.
&2 7 C )
8 z8 g o .&(C. N = X K.&M@( 3. &2 =S&8
< Q * .&Q ET.N 7
*" 1(P
< :N 3. @(C. 8 ?( /0 . L} = 7 N
N = F56.
. G51 .
m;" [9 c S =+ 9 . c .[ . *8 =(] = X . &"
. - .&8 8 )
= F56. G51 .
=; Œ& =+ 9 . &8 7 H 7.&8 =(] N %
< :N N = . c .[ . xF 8 K o< 7
= [9 9 .
% .
. aN *(C
< Q
= L9M' = K % & 7 T *8 = F56. G51 . 1(P *" <
& =(:N &9u K.&2 3 8
&" m;" =+ N& N =+ . KZ 9 . c< " N :N c C& xF 8 N
C. %
. -9 v;< N 7 &9X =( 9:.&Y9: K.3. &> * &X +u. % %. *" * Q K ;<
< Q . =< Q -9 l ) . &8 . 3N &9X = .&M@( *" =851 . 7 .
9 & - 8
Z H H@
= ƒC N *(%. &X . 9 . 3. E 6. G51 .
=+ 9 . &8 7 H . / F5
< :N
= . ;+T
"
. - . r5S &8 . e ) < Q
&9_
=+ 9 . &8 / F56. G51 .
e
&9_
7
` N[: N 8 * QN
% <. \ =+ 9 . c< " *8 &, *'9;< N I *;<
.
-98 J8.N * . 2 . 3 C 9<
N M . / &X 3. iF. L+;:.
. a C *(C [9 r P(
= LM%
-98 J8.N i9< @ *" +g - . f&6 8 *" <
= M .& N = 3.& = < . L+;:.
9 7 * 9 3 3. ‹ (
N
= K M . ) 8 4 N &99^ = N&98 /0 ? *8 *I 8 .
8 N &" f&g . 9 . a H@ ?
*8 Y H Z &X - .&8 =M K. F *8 = F56. G51 .
9 . *8 7 N =M [9 9 . 3. 9 . a H@ ? *8 *" C. = N&98 /0 ? -9;< 3.
C. &" m;" = P N =( <
. 9 & - 8 )
` &A . /. H 4 H Z N *( . = X
C /. H *+;I 3. /. H 4. . = C %
&A F N < *8 &Y *I KZ < L9M'
=
"
.
/ 0 ( 1 :
34 . 6 :
1 . a.&H8 )=;91(
) 1385 ( )
» 9;" ] N / F56. 7 N
« )
i i
w ) 71 .
„•A 221 -
242 .
2 . .&9;]) .3&9' )
1386 ( )
» L+;:. -98 J8.N i9< @ ? N = P &}M
« )
* S< R 9 0ME w )i•< •C ) 4
.
„•A
11 - 31 .
3 . j&:.. =C )7 9]N )
1386 ( )
» L+;:. -98 J8.N / T a H@ ? N 7V : M .&
« ) 9 0ME * S< R )i•< C
w 4 .
„A 54 - 72 .
$ . 7 :
1. Ayoob, M. (1997). “Defining Security: A Subaltern Realist Perspective,” in K. Krause and M.C. Williams (eds), Critical Security Studies: Concepts and Cases. London: UCL Press.
2. Barnett, Michael and Raymond Duvall (2005), “Power in International Politics”, International Organization, No49,pp 39-75.
3. Buzan, B., Weaver, O. and De Wilde, J. (1998). Security: A New Framework for Analysis. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
4. Castells, M. (1989). The Informational City: Information Technology, Economic Restructuring, and the Urban-Regional Process. Oxford: Blackwell.
5. Cavelty, Myrian Dunn ( 2008) , Cyber Security and Threat Politics , London : Rout ledge .
6. Der Derian, J. (2000). “Virtuous War/Virtual Theory,” International Affairs,76(4): 771–
88.
7. Ericsson, Johan and Giampiaro Giacomello (2006), " The Information Revolution, Security, and and International Relations: (IR)relevant Theory?”, International Political Science Review, Vol 27, No. 3, pp 221–244.
8. Eriksson , Johan (2007) , International Relations and Security in the Digital Age , London: Rout ledge, Taylor and Francis Group.
9. Goldman, E. (2005). Information and Revolution in Military Affairs. London: Rout ledge.
10. Goldstein , Josha (2006) , Effects of the Information Revolution on International Relations, www.Poli. duke . edu / resources . PDF.
11. Henry , Ryan ( 1998) , The Information Revolution and International Security , Center for Strategic and International Studies.
12. Herrera, Geoffrey L. (2003), “Technology and International Systems", Millennium:
Journal of International Studies, 2003. Vol.32, No.3, pp. 559-593.
13. Killing, Rob and others (2000), “Learning from Social Informatics”, www.slis . Indiana.
edu.M.C. Williams (eds), Critical Security Studies: Concepts and Cases. London: UCL Press.
14. Mitzen, Jennifer (2006), "Ontological Security in World Politics: State Identity and the Security Dilemma", European Journal of International Relations, Vol. 12(3): 341–370 15. Muftuler,Meltem (2007), "Information Societies, New Terrorism: It's Impact on
International Politics ",www.uluslararasi, Politico, No 9.
16. Nye , Joseph (2002) ," Information Revolution and American Soft Power " ,Asia – Pacific Review , Vol 9 , No 1 . pp45-64.
17. Nye, Joseph and Elaine Ciulla Kamarck (2002), Governance. Com: Democracy in the Information Age, Washington, DC: Brookings Institutions.
18. Price and smith, R.M and Reus (1998), “Critical International Theory and Constructivism”, European journal of International relations.
19. Rosenau, J.N. and Singh, J.P., eds (2002). Information Technology and Global Politics:
The Changing Scope of Power and Governance. Albany: State University of New York Press.
20. Rothkopt, David (1998), " Cyber Politics: The Changing Nature of Power in the Information Age ", Journal of International Affairs, No 2, pp 309- 325.
21. Ruggie, John (2004), "Reconstituting the Global Public Domain— Issues, Actors, and Practices", European Journal of International Relations, Vol. 10(4): 499–531.
# 0 5 6 "E 0&A *j / : 2 @& 6& A :
"
&8 - Q3&< N = C 8 K.&?8 dL] 9d . 7. % &M+;F =C
"
C ) 76
;% ) 36
"k . • > •PC 7 < &Y<.
?d( L+ K 3 C
"
C ) 82
;% ) 59
"k K.&• . ‘ •8 &'•8 b 1] K 9 9;" • "
)
= 5•C. G5•1 . 73N&•9> 3. !•>
(
;%
60 K ( 8 ) 82
"k
= 5C. 7 H;I =I S C 9C
.& . K
| I K. N *: C '<
)
=< 2 8 *•P I •2 I *•8
C 9C - . = >N .
"( C 85 73 ;% )
"k K.&• . = 5•C. 7 •H;I =I •S C 9C = >N . * ? . 2 I
=Q 3 C N
"
N ) 37
;% ) 3 C ) 86
"k K % = HI & F &1 3. . i'l
"
N ) 38
;% ) 2 C ) 87
"k
"
N K 39
;% ) 1 C ) L88 !" #
$ % & ' ( 3
% 88
"+ , - .' / 0 1, 2 3
)
/ 0 , # ,
"(
$ % 1 % 89
"+
89 : + ; <=, > ?,
@8 A B / C ", #
"
K
$ 3 % 89
"+ (T.
N =(9+ l 7 < "&% =C 9C .&Q *PC :N
"
;% ) 1 H8 ) 90 .
