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C RANIOFACIAL

S URGERY

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Edited by

Seth R. Thaller

University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami, Florida, USA

James P. Bradley

University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine Los Angeles, California, USA

Joe I. Garri

University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami, Florida, USA

With an Introduction by

Henry K. Kawamoto

C RANIOFACIAL

S URGERY

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\d2…A!‡A \d A!…\dQ ^dg—d !‡ Ap\pYg…! g… \d ‡A–A…A 2!‡A‡ )™ 2g…dA!_ ”_2A…!\gdu YA A™A b!™

!_‡g !ppA!… _!…QA :”A g YA g…)\!_ –g_”bA )A\dQ gg ‡b!__u dg…b!_ g…)\!_ 2gdAd —\Y p…gpg‡\‡ \‡ …AJA……A: g !‡ A˜g…)\\‡bu d—!…: :\‡p_!2AbAd gJ YA g…)\!_ —!__‡ ‡A2gd:!…™ g

…!”b! g… Ad2…g!2YbAd gJ YA g…)\!_ )gdA‡ !‡ \d K)…g”‡ :™‡p_!‡\! b!™ …A‡”_ \d Jg…—!…: :\‡p_!2AbAd gJ YA Q_g)Au _A‡‡ 2gbbgd …A!‡gd Jg… p…gpg‡\‡ b!™ )A ! —A!^dA‡‡ g… p!…!_™‡\‡ gJ YA A˜…! g2”_!… b”‡2_A‡ !__g—\dQ YA Q_g)A g bg–A Jg…—!…:u d YA‡A 2!‡A‡

!)dg…b!_ bg\gd gJ YA Q_g)A \‡ !_‡g A–\:Adu ”_‡!\_A A˜gpYY!_bg‡ ‡Yg”_: …!\‡A ‡”‡p\2\gd gJ !d g…)\!_ !…A…\!_[–Adg”‡ b!_Jg…b!\gd g… bAd\dQgAd2ApY!_g2A_Au

YA !”Yg… !2^dg—_A:QA‡”d:!bAd!_‡ gJ !˜\__gJ!2\!_ ”…QA…™rA……!…g 8 A:u A— g…^7 p…\dQA…8 jeeŠs !‡

! b!]g… …A‡g”…2A Jg… b!d™ gJ YA !d!gb\2!_ \__”‡…!\gd‡ \d Y\‡ 2Y!pA…u

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‡b!__A… !ppA!…\dQ A™A b!™ )A YA …A‡”_ gJ 2gdQAd\!_ b\2…gpY!_b”‡8 \d!:Az”!A :A–A_gpbAd gJ YA Q_g)A \‡A_Ju \d2A YA Q…g—Y gJ YA g…)\ \‡ :ApAd:Ad gd YA p…A‡‡”…A A˜A…A: )™ YA :A–A_gp\dQ Q_g)A8 \d YA‡A 2!‡A‡ YA g…)\ \‡A_J \‡ ‡AAd g )A ‡b!__u ‡\b\_!…

:AJg…b\™ b!™ )A ‡AAd \d 2Y\_:…Ad —Yg Y!–A )AAd …A!A: —\Y …!:\!\gd YA…!p™ g YA g…)\u Q!\d \d!:Az”!A Q…g—Y gJ YA Q_g)A …A‡”_‡ \d ! ‡b!__ g…)\u g‡ 2gbbgd_™ ! ‡b!__A…

!ppA!…\dQ A™A \‡ YA …A‡”_ gJ !d \d2…A!‡A \d g…)\!_ –g_”bA ”‡”!__™ !‡ ! …A‡”_ gJ p…\g… …!”b!u YA …A…g pg‡\\gd gJ ! dg…b!_ Q_g)A \d !d Ad_!…QA: g…)\ \‡ ^dg—d !‡AdgpYY!_bg‡u ‡ YA Q_g)A bg–A‡ )!2^ YA ”ppA… _\: :…gp‡ \d \‡ …A_!\gd g YA _\b)”‡ ! 2gd:\\gd ^dg—d !‡p‡A”:gpg‡\‡u YA A™A b!™ !_‡g !ppA!… ‡b!__A… ‡A2gd:!…™ g …”A pg‡\‡ gJ YA ”ppA… _\: A\YA… 2gdQAd\!_ \d d!”…A g… ‡A2gd:!…™ g b!_J”d2\gd gJ YA _A–!g… b”‡2_A‡u

…)\!_ ™‡gp\!\‡ YA ”dA–Ad pg‡\\gd gJ YA g…)\‡ \d YA Yg…\›gd!_ g… –A…\2!_ p_!dAu Y\‡ b!™ )A YA …A‡”_ gJ ! 2gdQAd\!_ b!_Jg…b!\gd8 2Y\_:Ygg: ”bg…8 J…gd!_ ‡\d”‡ b”2g2A_A8 g… pg‡…!”b!\2 :\‡p_!2AbAdu A…\2!_ :™‡gp\! \‡ 2Y!…!2A…\›A: )™ YA ”dA–Ad _A–A_‡ gJ YA 2!dY!_ Ad:gd‡u

Yg”QY ‡™bbA…\2 \d d!”…A YA 2…!d\!_ J!2\!_ ‡”…QAgd —\__ !_‡g dgA YA :\‡!d2A )A—AAd

YA A™A‡u d QAdA…!_ YA :\‡!d2A )A—AAd YA A™A‡ \‡ YA ‡!bA !‡ YA :\‡!d2A gJ YA p!_pA)…!_

K‡‡”…A8 —Y\2Y YA :\‡!d2A J…gb bA:\!_ g _!A…!_ 2!dY”‡ gJ !d™ gdA A™Au YA dg…b!_

\dA…2!dY!_ :\‡!d2A \‡ ‘œ g ‘L bb —\Y !d \dA…p”p\__!…™ :\‡!d2A gJ !pp…g˜\b!A_™

LL bbu —\:AdA: \dA…2!dY!_ :\‡!d2A \‡ ^dg—d !‡Y™pA…A_g…\‡b!d: ! d!……g— \dA…2!dY!_

:\‡!d2A \‡ ^dg—d !‡Y™pgA_g…\‡bu  \‡ gJAd ‡!\:8 YA J!2A \‡ YA b\……g… g YA b\d:u€ YA Ab)…™g_gQ™ gJ J!2\!_ :A–A_gpbAd :\2!A‡ Y! YA J…gd!_ d!‡!_ !…A! :A–A_gp‡ \d 2gd2A… —\Y

YA J…gd!_ _g)A !d: b\:_\dA ‡…”2”…A‡ gJ YA )…!\du ™pgA_g…\‡b \‡ gJAd YA …A‡”_ gJ

\d!:Az”!A )…!\d :A–A_gpbAdu ‡‡g2\!A: Y™pgp_!‡\! gJ YA d!‡!_ !d: p…Ab!˜\__!…™ A_AbAd‡

\‡ gJAd ‡AAd \d YA‡A 2!‡A‡u ™pA…A_g…\‡b \‡ gJAd YA …A‡”_ gJ ! 2Ad…!_ b!‡‡ AJJA2 ‡Ap!…!\dQ

YA g…)\‡ :”…\dQ :A–A_gpbAdu Y\‡ b!‡‡ b!™ )A ! J…gd!_ Ad2ApY!_g2A_A8 ”bg…8 g… b”2g2A_Au

™pA…A_g…\‡b \‡ !_‡g ‡AAd \d 2Y\_:…Ad —\Y 2Ad…!_ J!2\!_ 2_AJ‡ !d: ‡™d:…gb\2 2…!d\gJ!2\!_ !)dg…b!_\\A‡u

…\\2!_ g)‡A…–!\gd gJ YA p!\Ad b!™ …A–A!_ gYA… !‡™bbA…\A‡8 —Y\2Y !…A ! ‡\Qd gJ

”d:A…_™\dQ !d!gb\2 p!Yg_gQ™u A–\!\gd gJ YA …gg gJ YA dg‡A \‡ ‡AAd \d !‡‡g2\!\gd —\Y

”d\_!A…!_ 2…!d\!_ ‡™dg‡g‡\‡u YA …gg :A–\!A‡ g—!…: YA ‡\:A gJ YA 2_g‡A: ‡””…Au

‡™bbA…\2 A!… pg‡\\gd \‡ !‡‡g2\!A: —\Y 2…!d\!_ p_!Q\g2ApY!_™u d J!2 !dA…\g… :\‡p_!2AbAd

gJ YA A!… pg‡\\gd \‡ YA ^A™ \d :\JJA…Ad\!\dQ )A—AAd pg‡\\gd!_ !d: ‡™dg‡g\2p_!Q\g2ApY!_™u g‡\\gd!_ p_!Q\g2ApY!_™ \‡ 2Y!…!2A…\›A: )™ YA !dA…\g… p_!2AbAd gJ YA A!… gd YA ‡\:A gJ YA M!AdA: g22\p”u d 2…!d\g‡™dg‡g‡\‡ YA A!… \‡ p”__A: g—!…: YA ‡™dg‡g\2 ‡””…Au YA A!… \‡

pg‡A…\g…_™ !d: \dJA…\g…_™ :\‡p_!2A: \d _!b:g\:!_ ‡™dg‡g‡\‡u YA YA\QY gJ YA dg…b!_ A!…

‡Yg”_: !_\Qd YA gp gJ YA YA_\2!_ …\b —\Y YA A™A )…g—u g— ‡A A!…‡ !…A gJAd !‡‡g2\!A: —\Y bAd!_ …A!…:!\gd \d ! ‡™d:…gb\2 2Y\_:u ‡b!__ g… !)‡Ad A!…8 b\2…g\!8 \‡ !‡‡g2\!A: —\Y YAb\

J!2\!_ b\…g‡gb\! 2Y!…!2A…\›A: )™ ”d:A…:A–A_gpbAd gJ K…‡ !d: ‡A2gd: )…!2Y\!_ !…2Y :A…\–!\–A‡u d !::\\gd g YAb\ J!2\!_ b\2…g‡gb\!8 QAdA…!_\›A: J!2\!_ !‡™bbA…™ b!™ )A YA …A‡”_ gJ YAb\ J!2\!_ Y™pA……gpY™ g… gb)A…Q‚‡ YAb\ J!2\!_ !…gpY™8 ! ”d\_!A…!_ p…gQ…A‡‡\–A _g‡‡ gJ J!2\!_ ‡gJ \‡‡”Au YA !d\b!A: J!2A b!™ !_‡g :Abgd‡…!A J!2\!_ !‡™bbA…™ !‡ ! …A‡”_ gJ J!2\!_ dA…–A p!…!_™‡\‡u

d !::\\gd g J!2\!_ !‡™bbA…\A‡ YA 2…!d\gJ!2\!_ ‡”…QAgd —\__ )A !—!…A gJ YA p!\Ad‚‡ J!2\!_

Y!…bgd™ !d: \‡ …A_!\gd g YA ”d:A…_™\dQ ‡^A_A!_ ‡…”2”…Au YA 2gd2Ap gJ J!2\!_ Y!…bgd™ g…

YA !A‡YA\2 )!_!d2A gJ YA J!2A …A_\A‡ ”pgd YA p…gpg…\gd gJ YA b!]g… J!2\!_ ‡…”2”…A‡ g A!2Y gYA…u …gb ! b!YAb!\2!_ ‡!d:pg\d b!d™ Y!–A g)‡A…–A: Y! YA p…gpg…\gd gJ YA J!2\!_

2gbpgdAd‡ b!™ )A :AKdA: )™ YA \–\dA …gpg…\gd8 g… pY\8 YA …AA^ _AA… !‡‡\QdA: g YA d”b)A… ju‹jBJr\Qu jsu Y\‡ d”bA…\2 2gd2Ap :AKdA‡ ! _\dA € :\–\:A: \dg —g ‡AQbAd‡8 ! _gdQA… ‡AQbAd 8€ !d: ! ‡Yg…A… ‡AQbAd u€ YA …!\g gJ g \‡ YA ‡!bA !‡ YA …!\g gJ

g 8 !d: Y\‡ …!\g \‡ ju‹jBu YA J!2A !)g”d:‡ —\Y A˜!bp_A‡ gJ Y\‡ …!\gu J YA :\‡!d2A J…gb YA A™A‡ g YA bg”Y \‡ YAd YA A™A‡ g YA )!‡A gJ YA dg‡A —g”_: )A 8 !d: YA )!‡A gJ YA dg‡A

g YA bg”Y —g”_: )A u J —A :AKdA J…gb YA 2Y\d g YA )!‡A gJ YA dg‡A YAd YA 2Y\d g YA

A˜_A… B

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The priority areas are: • Appropriate data collection methodologies for structural data of the fisheries sector and specific data for each sub-sector of fisheries • Data handling