Downloaded from zums.ac.ir at 10:49 IRDT on Sunday May 28th 2017

(1)

, - , ./0 1

/!1 2

234 54/

678 76"9 :6 :6 3

4/( ; < 0= 4

. /?(.5

79/- 6 7 @ 1

8

A " :7"4 ; :

! "

[email protected]

# $ : 21 / 12 / 92

* $+

: 5 / 5 / 93

! "

#! $ % . /! 0 :

! "

1 2 3 0 4

$ / 1 $ 5 1 ! 0

6 7 $ ! "

3 89 ! /

: ;

$ 4 <4= " 5 > ?0 7 .

> A B ?$

# 5

$ 1 ! " 1 ! 0 1 2

3 0

4 C$ D E /

$ F ! . / G .

.

' ( )$' H ?$ :

6 5 1 I / HJ K0L 7 1390

. /! 0 G 6 1 2

3 0 4 N.O

6 4 1 60 . K .

K8/

6 /

1 QJR 68F / 1 . / G 07 / C$ D E 7 ! S4 5 8/ / 6=

?$ 7 6097 8 $

1 6 6H0O 59 6H0O $! $ T U .

6H0O $! 1 " K8/ 0J 0J

6 1 6:

6= 3 05 S

"

! 0

"

7

"

! 0

$! 0V

"

! S0 R7 6$ .7 7 <$

6 W X8F F 6 .

$

6 /

$ XXY8 G Z = 1 K5" " $

85 / 0 ?0 7 .

%*+ , : 0 0

?

> R 0 3 4

\V=

O 0 6H 1 C 8Y 6 7 7 0

\ 5

$ 4 S 5 # 0 :

$

$8 ) 24 / 0 62± / 4 (

A B ) 55 / 0 61± / 4 (

*! "

) 75 / 0 60± / 4 ( 6 / 7 1 # 1 ) 67 / 1 34± / 4 ( 5 # 0 1 XXY7 a F

! ) 13 / 0 33± / 4 ( 3 F

J7 1 b/

) 9 / 0 79± / 3 ( . 6H0O $! ?0 V0 ! 6 V$ 65 J

# 44 ) 3 / 73 L (

?$ 7c

# R

-

1 . 3 7 4 F : F

# 43 ) 6 / 71 L ( 6 7 1 8 d .

R 1

* K7 1 J8 3 d Ic 8/

R 1 6097 1 "

1 4 6 5 H

Study guide"

R 1

*! "

0 ! ebF 6# O 1 4 3 9 ?0 f S0 R7

1 "

= 8

# 42 ) 70 L ( 6 7 1 / W X8F F 6 .

% * 1 2 :

3 0 6 4 ! 0 F C$ D C 8Y 1 6H0O 1 6 0 ! *! "

. 05

?

!c A B ?$ g$ 8 6 6: 7 /

1 2 $ = 1 6 / 7 c V G a Y8/ 1 $ 5 3 0

0 d 4

.

- $

! .

C D8;. :

% 6, 7 6;

1 -

4 3 0 2 $ =

$ 1 8/

2 - . 1 8=

1 1 40 1 0V K 1

3 - *! " 3 J0JR7 = / 1 $ 6 1 8=

9KL

4 -

" =

$ 1 8/ 4 3 0 2

5 -

1 8/ =

*! " 6 / 7 3 5 H = =

6 -

9 4 3 0 2 9 *! " =

7 - *! " 1 8= 1 . 9KL

8 - *! " 6 / 7 3 5 H = = .

i 8i 9 i 1 i= 4 5 *! " =

Downloaded from zums.ac.ir at 10:49 IRDT on Sunday May 28th 2017

(2)

% !/

6 6: 7 $ :

0HF 1 2 0 3 08/ 4

5 / QJR7 ! " > 6 K 7

07 / N9 ?$ 7

; j VR

. ?$

kKO ?0 7 " 4 0K0= 6= / 7 L ) 1 ( . 48: 1 ! 0 # 4 # 0 6 / 7

1 # 6 : +5 7 0f0 68# $ 6 / 7 0

1 2 0 3 0 4 " = 1 ! / 1

A$ # ?0 f4 ! " 1 2# l0R $ : 3 00m7 9 i 3 i

" 1 i B *!

i

! 0 A i

6 1

8V 1! / 4 7 )

2 (.

1! / 4 7 1 2

3 0 4 6 4.

1

! 5 # 0 1

NG 6

$ 1 / 6=

>

1 J7 nH/

A

* 4 7 / 0 O 0 6H 1 C 8Y

! "

B :

$ 3 L 0

"

1

$ 1 K

AJ 1 C 8Y "

= ) 3 (

!c G ?$ 6 /

4 7 1 1 oY 8/ <$ ! 0 1 ! 0 7

0 d / 6H0O 4 ! "

) 4 (.

C$ D S 6H0O ?$ 0 nH/ 8 0 B ! "

$ 6 1 8$ $ 3 F

) 11 - 5 ( . 7 ! F 5 6

1 6H0O

68# G 8/ C$ D )

12 (.

$ / F"

$

?

6 X 1 3 !

*! " 9

I /

82

$

? D

$ C 6 1 68/ 6H0O )

13 ( 6=

7

!:

*! "

A B Q0JR7 6 / 7

1 1 #

05 # 8$ $ $ : 1

$ 6 1 8 9 3 F

J7 XXY7 1

b/

05 # XXY7 1

! a F .

1! / 4 7 e # \5 H 6 6: 7

2 1 0 3 4 ?8 / 1 U !c 1

A 7 1 6# O / ! 0 1 Y/ 9

V0 1!

) 14 ( 6 5 H

?0 / 6= 1 <$

6= = 68 ?$ 6 . V7 Np

i l

4 i 07 / i 8R i 1 XXY7 i 68 F 1 i

$ i

9 i J8 1 A B * *! " # = 3 i

I

i F N i $ . 6 .

1 +5 V :

i 3

0i 8 ? i 6 0 ! 1 i

6 1 R i 1 "

i

= 7 *!

i 4 0 i

0K "

i 8V i 6 i ) 15 ( 5i "

i q$ 7 * *!

i 6

9 7 i 0 $ i

! 2 i 1 0 3 4 i 4 "

! /

3 9 6 /

$ 1 i 1 i N 0i ! i .

4 7 i 2 1! / 1

0 3 q$ 7 1 6 0 ! 4

B A 1

\ / 5 /

>

$ QJR7 0 ! " 6V/ ;0/

) 16 (.

1 2 1! / 4 7 1 0

3

!c 4 6 /

1

/ ! "

4 0 : O r .

?05

6 . /! 0 ! " 1 $ 1 ! 0 ?00 7 1

! "

0 # /

Y s $ = A$ # t 6=

i 6 i

! " 1 i

i ) 17 (.

0i . /!

i

$ #

;4:

1 ! 0 " / 6= / 3 br S0 R7 1 "

! / # $ / ; :

8$ 9

$ 5

?00 7 )

18 ( . ! SJ 6 4 1 09

)

Grant

( V$

6=

"

i

*!

6 B$

*! "

/ . /! 0 l 7

4 7

0 u R )

19 (.

#i i .7 i

" 6 i

*!

0m5 i V$ ? i

8=

i j 1

r i O i 4 7 i / i 1!

8/

i 0 ! i 1 6 i

0i

4 i . 0 i 0 i . /!

i i r 1 i O 1

0= 7 ! "

! . \ / . . /! 0

?$ 8 0 6= N0G 7 1 r = >

v 7

! > ?$ 68 = = 1 6# O 05 # 08/ S d = 68# . 1 05 # Q$ r .

. /! 0 / w R5 ! 6 0 ! ?$ . 1

3 K8 >

1 ! 0 / ! " C0r

(3)

6 0 ! L X8F 1

7 *! " $ A B 8V 6

60 = 1 2 1 ! 0 1

3x0 4 )

20 ( .

?$

. /! 0 07 / ! " 1 ! 0 1 $ 5 >

. .

F i i

1 i

= i 0 i . /!

! "

i 07 / i 04 i . > ? i

i / .

$ #

i 6 5 H 4 v 7 F 1

07 / . /! 0 i

9KL 1 6 0 !

.08 ?$ 6 ! " C$ D i

0/ 6 6=

$ y=

07 /

*! "

4/

0 ! i 6 1

* 1 q$ 7

$

"

4=

1 V 05 "

i

! i

) 14 ( .

"

$i B 4

5 H i 6 1 . /! 0

! "

i 1 2 0 3 4 i 05 1

i

9KL i 0

! 1

! "

7 / 0i

/ 6 O 0 6H 1 D

$ C 7 / 0 a Y8/

5

$ 1

4 6

$

? 80 6.

/ 0 = i 6 6H0O i 1 C 8Y

! 0 "

i

! 6

\07 7 5

$ 7

i

! : H0O i 6 1

/ 7 i 6 1 # i 1 A B 05 # 1

$ : 8$ $

*! "

F i 3 i 1 J7

b/

05 # 1

XY7 i X F i a

! i i ) 21 ( . 1 5 J

i 6 1

$ i 1 R7

$ 5 1 1 ! 0

! "

2 i 1

0 3 4 6$

1 1

9KL i 5

$

? O 0 H i 6 1

>

6 7 7 0

\

05 # 1

$ : 8$ $

i 6H0O 1 6 / 7 1 1 #

A B "

i

*!

05 # 1

XXY7 a F

!

3 F i

J7 i 1 b/

i 4

) 22 (.

!

. "

i 6=

$ i

* ! 1

0i

! " . /!

$! F

i / ) 23 ( 00 7 i ?

"

i

*!

07 / ! 0 1

" C$ D E / 0K 7

+5 ! >

. 6 5 H ?$

2 ! . /! 0 1

0 3 4

$! F *

1 6=

?05 . ?$

7 1 ! 0

! "

"

C$ D / 0

C 8Y 1 6H0O ?00 7

. )$' ' (

<$ A B ?$

6 5 H 1 r 6= / HJ K0L 7

I / 1390 8 9 3 F

. .

1 " 1 6 : 6 5 H ?$

1 2 0 3 4 1

C 8Y

$

? .

A B ?$ 6 4 N.O 61

2 4 6= K 3 0

4

! " 1 C 8Y

6=

6

8# d 1 / 1 4 / 3 L

. 1 1 :

6 5 H ?$

8 ! K8/

3 G 1 " ;4:

10 ! K

! " 1 $

* Q$ r ! 0K/ 3 =

6 $ . /! 0 1 6 / 605 1 a Y8/

. qz/

1 2 C$ D E S4 5 8/ / 0

3 4

8 ! K8/

O r

6 /

S04 7

$ . ?$

1 6 / 6

6H0O 59 6$

. 6H0O L 1

! 3

*! "

) 17 6$

( A B Q0JR7 )

14

6$

( 1 # 6 / 7 )

13 6$

( 05 # $ : 1

8$ $ ) 9 6$

(

$ 6 1

XXY7 8 9 3 F

J7 1 b/

) 4 6$

( a F XXY7 1 05 #

! )

2 6$

.(

! 6 / 68# = 6 0J T

0J 6 1 6:

3 05 <$ ! S0 R7 6$ .7 6=

7 6 W X8F F 6 .

6 <$

"

! 0

"

6

"

N= 0F ! 0

"

6/

"

N= ! 0

"

9{

6

"

l/ 8 ! 0

"

6 g

"

$! ! 0

"

6 A

"

0V ! 0

$!

"

W X8F

# $ . $

6 /

?0XXY8 l/ 7

G \O L $ 9 0$ 7

.

$

$ "

! K8/

6 / R 1 K5"

1

Z =

85 / 0 6 / ! K8/

1

20 ! K 7 >

0

? . q " ! 1 . / G !

(4)

2 1 0 4 3

6 /

6 2 7 1

0 3 4

y 7

0 "

! 4 1

! "

: 7 0 6 "

! 7

$

; . qz/

6 : 1

" ;4: 6 V 6 . 1

6 /

d / 8/ 1

04 0= 7 8 0 6{

6 / S04 7 68K 1 Q0JR7 # ! $

1

= SR 6 5 8 2

i 1 3 0 4 6 V 6 :

4 d $ 60: 7 .

?$ = : ?$

1 2 1 A B 3 0

1 08F 4 6 lJ#

#i

$ 47 6= 1 i

S i 6 i

5 H = i

b 6

= /

i 6 i

+5

$ 9 i 7 61

6 / 2 l/ 7 1

3 0 4 ! 6=

1 ! "

i 6$

i 1 1 8/ 1

0 $ 1

9 3 L 6

K$ F i 04 7 i 1 " ;4: S i

. z/

i q ! K8/

#

spss 16

6$ .7 6 5 H > /

$ S0 R7 .

1 6$ .7 S0 R7

! oF

1 "

?0 0 K8/

/ ?04

! 0 i 1

"

i

! 2 i 1 0 3 4 6H0O

C 8Y 1

a Y8/

oF /

$ 9 1 $ 5

$ .

$

? 6 5 H 6 G kKO O

$ N L XF

! 1

br i 3 7 / 0i /

i 6 i 1 i

"

1

. / ! i | 6 K8/

1

! / ;K 6

$ U

= = .

8

$ g

= 3 L 6

$ 6

$ .

%*+ ,

L O g$ 8 i

$ ! S i ? 5 H i 6 ! 6=

61 K

A B = = 4

/ 57 L i ) 35 K ( 6 / 42

L ) 26 K ( ! i .

= i

d O =

i / S i

23 y= O i / i 65 / ?0 0 1 75

/ 7 49 ± / 39 .

# L i G ! = = 1

q$ 7 SR i

3 ! 6 / 42 L i ) 26 K (

1 8

/ 32 L i ) 20 K ( 1

1 8/

$i 0 i

6 / 24 L i ) 15 K ( 1

9 i i .

$ ! i 7 ? i i 3 / 57 L ) 35 K ( 7 / 37

L ) 23 K ( 8/

i

$i i 5 L i ) 3 K ( 0

. J / G ! i

$ 7 1 6 i

q 1 / 54 L i ) 33 K (

84=

i ! 10 / i I 43 / 34 L i ) 21 K i ( 0i

? 10 7 19

/ i I 47 / 11 L ) 7 K ( ?0 20 7 30 6J / I /

8 .

0i 0i

? R i

>

0 i 4 i 3

\V=

O 0 6H 1

8Y i C i 6 7 7 0i

\ 5

$i 4 i i S # i 50 i

: i

$i

$

$8 i ) 24 / 0 62± / 4 ( i B i A

) 55 / 0 61± / 4 (

*! "

) 75 / 0 60± / 4 ( 6 / 7 # 1

) 67 / 1 34± / 4 ( 5 # 0 1 XXY7 a F

!

) 13 / 0 33± / 4 ( 3 F J7

1 b/

) 9 / 0 79± / 3 ( .

7c i ?0 0 ?$

) 06 / 5 ( 1 6$ 6 6$ S= ?0 !

"

R i 1 . 3 7 4 F : F

"

6H0O ! 1

/ 7 i

# 6 i X8F 1 i W i .

$i 7c 1 1 6 i

?$

0 0 i ? H0O i 6

" 1 i *!

"

R i i

* F i db 0

. i

$

"

) 86 / 4 ( H0O i 1 6 i A B

"

5 J i 6

$ V i 6

! i 0 V i

"

) 93 / 4 ( H0O i 1 6 :

$

$8 i

"

i

$i

0 $

i

"

) 71 / 4 ( H0O i 6 1

F i 3 i i J7 i 1 b/

i

"

i

$i i d 0i ?

J i 3

"

) 31 / 4 ( H0O i 1 6 5 # 0i i 1 XXY7 i

F i a

! i

"

L i I

* 1 i$

6 "

i

*!

i 6 : i 6 l/ 7 / i 6 1 v 7 4:

"

) 39 / 4 ( i . : i I 1 7 i

#i $ ?$ 8 0 6= 1

! 0 ?$ 84=

6$ ?0 0 4

"

/ .

(5)

I : 1 : 3 9 4 3 0 1 2 ! 0 1 6H0O <0 K7 6

?0 0 /

C . 6; , % 0 <4 @ . % 6,

E69 ./-. .:

F4/!86= 1 :; . . 6;

./-. .:

F4/! 1 1 :; . . 6;

F6D; 6

E69 A . :

R 1 6097

"

1 4 6 5 H

" Study guide"

1 42

85 1 / 4

R 1

* K7 1 J8 3 d Ic 8/

1 42

82 3 / 4

R 1

*! "

0 ! ebF 6# O 1 1

42 8 1

/ 4

R 1

* 0dbF

$ . 2

40 87 2

/ 4

3 9

$ 4

$ . 3

38 73 3

/ 4

3 9 K8/

! T

*

#

*! "

1 G 4

37 69 4

/ 4

O r : S0 R7

!"

1 4 4

37 56 6

/ 4

0 1 0 ! 6

1

! "

4 37

66 2 / 4

3 9 K8/

! T

*

#

*! "

4 5

36 65 3

/ 4

R 1 6097 log book log case

5 36

58 4 / 4

R 1 v 7 . 5

36 51 5

/ 4

3 05 # R K8/

!

"

1

$!

. 5

36 55 4

/ 4

O r : S0 R7

!"

1 8=

1 9 !": { 6 $ 1 3c / R$ 7

S$ 7 68# $ ...

6 35

48 6 / 4

O r : S0 R7

!"

1 K 7

34 44 6

/ 4

R 1 p N0 K 6$

05

$ 6 1 8

32 31 9

/ 4

O r 1 :

= 1

! "

9 31

5 2 / 4

6097 1 E r 10

30 11 12

/ 4

E69 G, 3 H6I& :

65 J V$

6

! V0 1

44 93 4

/ 4

3 9 S0 R7 1 "

42 2 8 3

/ 4

O r 1 : A B 1 6$ s 8 05 "

<07 48V0/

3 ...

41 74 5

/ 4

O r A B

*! "

3 41

78 3 / 4

R 1

$!

1 E r 1 7 J0JR7 38 4

79 2 / 4

O r 1 : A B 1 K0=

4 38

75 3 / 4

65 J V$

6

! / # 5

37 64 5

/ 4

R 1

$!

1 3c J 4 5

37 75 2

/ 4

1 .8V:

8

; 4

<

1 7 br 5

37 54 6

/ 4

O r 1 :

=

$ !"

1 05 6

34 46 8

/ 4

R 1 6097 1 8/

oral presentation 1

$ 6 1 65 J

; . 4 7

33 38 8

/ 4

(6)

O r 1 : A B 1 4=

7 33

6 4/49

R 1 1

I }

jb=

8 30

3 4/49

8 9

24 84 14

/ 3

E69 /- :

R 1 . 3 7 4 F : F 1

43 07 0

/ 5

{ K8/

! 1 7 = 3

! 3 L # 7 5 H 2

41 83 3

/ 4

R 1 v 7 2 1 0 3 4 SF a F 2

41 92 1

/ 4

3 SPSS 35

55 8 / 4

Reference manager Endnote

3 35

52 6 / 4

Photoshop 3

35 33 10

/ 4

R 1

$! F

$!

! 4 4

33 52 2

/ 4

Internet explorer 5

30 92 15

/ 3

Access 5

30 32 7

/ 4

*

* CV 5

30 17 8

/ 4

Excel 6

27 13 8

/ 4

7 Word 20

58 14 / 3

Power point 8

17 39 18

/ 3

E69 0J ./K.: 4 : 4 / 4!

8/ $ $ 1

37 63 4

/ 4

S J8 8# S0 R7 1

37 66 3

/ 4

0 $ $ 2

36 71 3

/ 4

! $ $ 2

36 69 2

/ 4

! " $ $ 3

35 51 7

/ 4

} $ $ 3

35 63 3

/ 4

1 0 N04X7 4

34 67 2

/ 4

3 V : s $ $ 4

34 62 1

/ 4

<$B7 8/ $ $ 5

30 47 6

/ 4

E69 5 7

% :L:

; I .

< M

1 6# O 3 J ?0 d )

XXY7 (

1 29

31 9 / 4

*! "

$ 6 1 68# $ p 3 F )

Multi disciplinary (

2 27

81 16 / 3

F 4 40 4 40 r 7 3 9 3

22 55 17

/ 3

u S04 7 40 3 br s R )

= 1 6 $ (

R 1 < .$

4 7 br 18

44 18 / 3

E69 58

<6@ -: , NNO P L . D8;.

I L

* 1

$ 6 1

*! "

6 6 : l/ 7 6 / 1 v 7 4:

1 32

39 6 / 4

* 1

$ 6 1 3 F 1

1 # 2

30 26 6

/ 4

(7)

A :K 2 : F64 F4/ Q =

<4 @ . F4/

,

% 0 % 6, C . 6; ,

O 0 6H 6H0O $ 5 ?$ F"

?05 $ 5 6H0O

6097 E r ) N $ 5 ( 1

( R 1

"6097

1 4 6 5 H

"Study guide"

) $ 5

I (

2 ( R 1

* K7 1 J8 3 d Ic 8/

) I $ 5 (

3 ( R 1

*! "

0 ! ebF 6# O 1 ) I $ 5 (

G, 3 H6I&

8

) N9 $ 5 ( J 65 V$

6

! V0 ) I $ 5 (

/- Power point

) N8 $ 5 (

R

1 . 3 7 4 F : F ) I $ 5 (

!4/4: 4./K.

<$B7 8/ $ $

) N. $ 5 ( 8/ $ $

) I $ 5 (

S J8 8# S0 R7 )

I $ 5 (

I . ; % :L

< M R

1 3 br s S04 7 40

u )

6 $ 1

= ( R 1

7 br < .$

) 9{ $ 5 (

1 6# O 3 J ?0 d )

XXY7 (

) $ 5

I (

D8;. . P L NNO , <6@ -

* 1

$ 6 1 3 F 1

1 # ) $ 5 ( I L

* 1

$ 6 1

*! "

6 6 : l/ 7

6 / 1 v 7 4:

) I $ 5 (

9 i 8$

i

$ i 6 i / i r i b i 3 6i " /

$ 5 i 0 1 i

!

" 1 i

! i 2 i 1 0i 3 4 i 8Y 1

i C I : Q H

3

"

.

K A : 3 :

<4 @ . A . , 5 7

6 1 F6= . , 6;

C . ,6 % D8;.

! 0 3 9 6 ! 0 6= 1 # 7

G *! "

$ 5 4 1 6H0O

C$ D

65 J V$

6

! V0 I 44

A B

R 1 . 3 7 4 F : F 43

1 # 6 / 7

R 1

* K7 1 J8 3 d Ic 8/

/ 42

*! "

R 1 6097 1

"

1 4 6 5 H Study guide"

"

/ 42

*! "

R 1

*! "

0 ! ebF 6# O 1 / 42

*! "

3 9 S0 R7 1 "

/ 42 A B

O r 1 : A B 1 6$ s ) 8 05 "

<07 48V0/

(....

9{ 41 A B

O r A B

*! "

9{ 41 A B

{ K8/

! 1 7 = 3

! 3 L # 7 5 H 9{ 41

1 # 6 / 7

R 1 v 7 2 1 0 3 4 SF a F 9{ 41

1 # 6 / 7

R 1

* 0dbF

$ . N. 40

*! "

(8)

01(

6 5 H ?$ ! >

1 2 ! " 1 ! 0 ?00 7 0

3

4 .

6 5 H ?$ g$ 8

0 1 2 6=

! 0 ?$ 8 0 " 4 3

6 \07 7 6 1 0 #

65 J V$

6

! R V0 1

. 3 7 4 F R : F 1

* K7

1 J8 3 d R Ic 8/

1 6097 1 1 4 6 5 H

Study Guide

R ،

1

*! "

0 ! ebF 6# O 1

3 9 S0 R7 1 "

O r 1 :

A B 1

6$ s ) 8 05 "

<07 48V0/

(....

O r A B

{ *! "

K8/

! 1

7 = 3

!

3 L # R 7 5 H

1 v 7 2

1 0 3

4 SF R 8$ 9 a F 1

* 0dbF

$ . .

$ 3 6 1 2

0 3 4

\07 7 6 ! 0 ?$ 8 0 T 4.

6

! " 1

6H0O 1 6 4. $!

1 :

$

$8 A B

*! "

6 / 7 1 # 1 5 # 0 1 XXY7 a F

!

$ 9 3 F J7

1 b/

.

?0 0 1 A B = = 6= ?$ 6 6: 7 $! / 40

I / " 8 0 6J / 1

1 84= F

! 10 I / 60: 7 S d SL O 1 6.08

6=

6H0O F 6 ?0 0 ?$ 8 0 8$ $ $ : 1

/ W X8F .

?0 0 3 K7 6 J0d 68 5

6H0O 6/ L XF I 1

) :

$

$8

*! " A B (

" 3 K7 6= N0/ 6.08 ?$ 6 !

6: 7 S d 4 G 7 6

6H0O 6/ 7

6 7

# G 6H0O $ 5 VY 1 .

B$ "

6 0 ! ?$ F 1 6 5 H 0 1

05 # 6= / 0/ 6.08 ?$ 6 9KL 1 6H0O 1

8$ $ $ : ! q I $ 5

6H0O "

1 6 / 7

1

$ 5 *! " qz/ A B 1 # 1

0 d 1 )

21 ( . 1 6H0O U O 1 6 5 H

1 # 1 6 / 7 *! " A B ! 1 6 7 {

$ 5 5 0 d

! 9{

?0 S=

6$

?$ 04 ! \ H ?04 6= d 6H0O ?$

1 2 G ! 6H0O 0

3 4

. 6 5 H 5 5 1 6=

1

. / { / 1 # 1 6 / 7 1 6H0O 0

/ W X8F F 6 I $ 5 1 6H0O

0 d A B " ! q *! "

) 20 ( 68 5

"

6 5 H L L C$ D 1 6H0O A B

U O 1 6 5 H " g$ 8 F 3 K7 +5

/ 60: 7 S d .

8 0 i 5 H i 3 i

; 6H0O : 1

*! "

L 6K0D ?$ 7 0 07 / 1

= ) 24 ( / ?$ g$ 8

3 U ! 1 0V 6= { = 0= 7 68 ?04 0 1 2 G ! $c 8 V $ 5 1 6H0O ?$

0 3

4 6H0O ! = >b8F

I 1

" ! / 68# d

. *! " 1 6H0O

"

R 1

*! "

0 ! ebF 6# O 1

"

?0 { N

"

1 R

1 J8 K7 *

"

1 2 ! 0 ?$ 7c 0

3 4

0F 1 6 6= / 1 ~ : 6=

! " 1 l0R / 68# d 6: 7

Np

04 / u " ! 07 / ! 1 0V "

.

/ J8 ? 8/

1 J8 K7 6 d $ . {

$ J7 07 / l/ 7 V$ 3 9 ?$ ? 05 8V 6 0 ! ?$ 07 / 6= / ! 0 S05 ?04 6

0 # = *! "

) 25 ( . 6H0O ?$

"

6097 E r 1

"

6=

$

! C$ D L N9 / )

26 (

$ 5 F"

j Y8 1 2 0 3 4

= =

(9)

?$

6 5 H d 68#

6=

g$ 8 . /! 0

! "

1 2

0 3 4 05 1

9KL ?0 { N

u 4 1

N F

) 27 21 ( 5 O 1 / 1 6 5 H 1 6.08 6=

Y4 b0 4

1 /

$ 5 ?$

! 1 $! 7 =

1 2 3 0

= 4 E r 1

) 28 (.

5 O 6=

S05 6

1 6 .7 T U ?$ 1 1 = 1 7 E r ?8 "

6= V \:

/ T U ?$ 6 V F l V

.

A B 1 6H0O

"

65 J V$

6

! V0

"

" ! q $ 5 ?$ 7c

"

3 9 S0 R7 1 "

"

/ $ 5

"

O r 1 :

A B 1

6$ s ) 8

05 "

<07 48V0/

(...

"

?0 { N

"

r O A B

*! "

"

0 d .

6 6: 7 ! 0

6 6 JH

A I J8 2 $ J7 N 05 7 ! q

0 3 6= 4

65 J * 6 N04X7

$ 6 F 1 A B g$ 8 1

S 45 ?0 nH/

6: S ?$ 0 6=

6 {

! 6 65 J 7

7 V0

* $+

1 2 5 0 d 9: 4 1 6 : 0

3

/ O •0 F S0XR7 r 6 0 ! ?$ 4 4 O 3 9 ?$ 1 1 : 6 +

! 0 .

4 1 ! = $ ! 0

6 5 H 0 4 1

F 68# $ / 6.08 ?04 6

/ ) 29 27 ( . 5 H 1 6 6=

?$ . 0 9KL

! 6H0O ?$ I $ 5 6/

/ ) 21 ( . $ 5 ?$ c 6 .7 7

1

6= { V 6 0 ! ?$ # ?$ N=

6

1 = :

8R K 6= 7 7 = \/

1 : I / •0

1 $ ! " 1 1 J7 1

?$

1 2 3 9 0

3 6 0 ! ?$ 4 O r

/ . 8 6H0O ?$ 6$ ?$ 7 ?0$

4 1 1 6 5 H 6=

J H u )

27 ( . 0 jb= I } 1

6= # ?$ 84= 8 ! S d b$ 4 ! = $ ! 0 1 6 5 H

Y4 )

29 (.

6 6 7 ?$ 7c 1 # 1 6 / 7 1 6H0O 07 /

"

{ K8/

! 1

7 = 3

! 3

L # 7 5 H

"

R 1 v 7 2

1 0 3 4

SF a F

"

W X8F 6 e # 6=

G 8/

0 1 2 0 3 4 6

* 1

$ : 4

6

! A

"

S d 60: 7 / .

?0$

?$ 7

6H0O S= ?0 6H0O ?$ $ 5 #

6= / $ 6 5 H 6.08

4 1 1

Y4 )

27 ( . 6=

K8/ 6 6: 7 1 " ! 1

$ 6

1 b= F 1

07 / F

68V " 6 l V .

1 # { 6H0O ?$

Office

r # 1 = S05 6 07 / 05 # 3

= \V= 0$ 1 6 7 6 $ 1 # 5

S0 R7 V$ q # \V= 1 7c 1 6 7

= 3 9 6 $ ! 0 0 ?$ 6=

l 7 1

6H0O / A B 1 .

5 ?$ 8 0 07 / 8$ $ $ : 1 6H0O 6 $

W X8F S J8 8# S0 R7 8/ $ $ .

1 4 1 4O 6= 1 6 5 H . $ 3 U 7 8/ nH/ 0

1 2 ?0 m 0

3 68V l/ 8 ! 7c 4

d " I 8 = ;# 6 V $ 6= / )

30 (.

F S J8 8# S0 R7 1 0 $ $ $ 9 6 7

$ 4 <4= 8/

. 0 ! $ $ 0 $ $

(10)

6 5 H 6= d 6H0O ?$ $ 5 1

B$ "

1 2 ?0 0

3 05 4 1

9KL

u 1

J H .

?$

6 5 H

! $ $ 0

!

$ 5 1 VY

/ ) 27 21 (.

?$ 84= <$B7 8/ $ $ 6H0O ?$

" 6= / 68 $ 5 + 7

1

nH/ " 1 8R ! 1 = 1 K8/ C 8Y ! " 1 .

6H0O 07 / 3 F 1

J7 1 b/

9: 7 S d $ J7 >b8F

$ 5 ?$ 84=

68V F 1 -

. " 6=

7

= = y= 05 0p

2O 6 5 H ?$ 05 1

+5

1 8 0 = 47 6 = = y=

05 # *! "

<0 =" 1 .

6H0O ?$

8/ N

6 5 H g$ 8

4 1 1

u

"

?0 d 3 J

6# O 1 ) XXY7 (

"

?$ 7c " 6= $ 5

N= 6 7

6J / $ " c 48O = = y= F 1

" S = 6# O 3 J ?0 d

V 1 .

6H0O ?$

"

R 1 s 3 br 0

4 4 7 0 S u )

$ 6 1

= ( R 1

$ .

<

7 br

"

$ 5 ?$ 7 ?0$

g$ 1 = 1 K8/ 7 " 6=

" ! 5

6.08 ?$

g$ 8 9KL 6= 1 6 5 H

J H . )

21 ( .

1 6H0O 07 / 5 #

0 1 XXY7 a F

!

6 I $ 5

"

I L

* 1

$ 6 1

*! "

6 6 : l/ 7 6 / 1 v 7 4:

"

. 6=

6 5 H ! SL O g$ 8 1

6=

9KL

u ?0 { N

.

F N )

27 22 (.

"

K8/ 1 $ 7

6 / ! 1 # 1 1 : 6 4: 1

. 6 /

4: 1 N # ?$

= 3 br 6=

/ 7 = 3

7 I J8 1 8 0 # 6 .

= 6 3 5 H ! " / 6 g$ 8 1 6V$ J

= ! a F 6 5 H ?$ ! SL O g$ 8

K 7

$ / 6 N04 7 S d $ J7 A B = g$ 8 { 6=

: g$ 8 ? 05 /

$ N04 7 S d 7

L X8F 8 0 .

" . A B ?$ y v J !

?05 1 +5

9 0 6

B 1 8R 1 6097

! 0 \/

: O r .

6 5 H ?$ 1 $ R ! 1 2 . /! 0

3 0

4 05 1

6=

6 S05

N # $ = $ / 8/

.

% *

?$

6 5 H 6

# 1 $ 5 1 ! 0

! "

1 2 0 3 4 6

6H0O 59

6H0O $!

Q H E

C$ D 1 2 0 3

4 6 X 3 ! 9

*! "

! "

?49 1382

6

<0 K7 6H0O

F . 6= 6 5 H ?$ g$ 8

1 0 # 6 ! 0 ?$ 8 0 6 5 H ?$ = = 07 / 65 J V$

6

! V0 R 1 . 3 7 4

F R : F 1

* K7 1 J8 3 d

R Ic 8/

1 6097

"

1 4 6 5 H

Study Guide"

"

،

R 1

*! "

0 ! ebF 6# O 1 . ?04

/ V c 6r

7 6

1 $

! "

/ 6 / 7 1 $ = 1

1 J7 nH/

4 07 /

68 . 6

;Hd r 6 ?$

1 $ 7 AJ

?00 7

= 1 1 J7 0K0=

*! "

nH/

0 68

.

(11)

2 $ ,!/2

B = = 8R 07 / !

6 5 H N

! ?0 { N F

= 4 60U

" ;4: ;$! 7 6 1

$ 4 d 7 4 1 4 6 / .

6= / B E r 1 6.08 SL O 65 J ?$

5 $ 4O 1 # 3 J0JR7

$ . 6 0/ ?$

?$ !

0 7 .

References

1- Dent J, Harden R. A practical guide for medical teachers. JR Soc Med. 2001;94(12):649-54.

2- Odabasi F. The organization of the faculty development programs for research assistants:

The case of education faculties in Turkey. The Turkish OnLine Journal Of Educational Technology. 2008;7(3):1-8.

3- Steinert Y. Staff development. Dent JA, Harden R, editors. London: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2009.

4- Skeff K, Stratos G, Mygdal W, et al. Faculty development. Journal of General Internal Medicine. 1997;12:56-63.

5- Stronge James H. Evaluating teaching: A guide to current thinking and best practice. Corwin Press, 2005.

6- Ghosh AK, Chatterjee D, Ghosh B. A conceptual framework of faculty performance evaluation .Asian Journal Of Management Research. 2010(Special Issue):217-29.

7- Hitchcock M, Hekelman F, Monteiro M, Snyder C. Acquiring professional academic skills.

Fam Med. 1997;29(4):266-9.

8- Hitchcock MA, Stritter FT, Bland CJ. Faculty development in the health professions:

conclusions and recommendations. Medical

Teacher. 1992;14(4):295-309.

9- Steinert Y, Mann K, Centeno A, et al. A systematic review of faculty development initiatives designed to improve teaching effectiveness in medical education: BEME Guide No. 8. Medical Teacher. 2006;28(6):497-526.

10- Schindler N, Winchester DP, Sherman H.

Recognizing clinical faculty's contributions in education. Acad Med. 2002;77(9):940-1.

11- Tootoonchi M, Yamani N, Taleghani F, Changiz T. Evaluation of administrative performance indicators used for academic promotion: viewpoints of faculty members of Iranian medical universities. J Med Edu Dev.

2014;7(14):20-30.

12- Bland C, Wersal L, Vanalay W, Jecott W.

Evaluating faculty performance: A systematically designed & assessed approach. Acad Med.

2002;77(8):15-30.

13- Ministry of health and medical education.

Administrative regulations, employment of faculty of universities higher education and research institutions affiliated to the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. IRAN: Ministry of Health and Medical Education.; pub 2009.

14- Farhadian F, Tootoonchi M, Changiz T,

(12)

Haghani F, Oveis Gharan S. Faculty members' attitude towards their skills and educational needs in teaching practical courses. Strides in Development of Medical Education.

2008;5(2):141-3.

15- Perselin D, Goodrick T. Faculty development in higher education, long term impact of a summer teaching and learning workshop. Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning. 2010;(10)1:1-13.

16- Boucher BA, Chyka PJ, Fitzgerald Jr WL, et al. A comprehensive approach to faculty development. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education. 2006;70(2):1-6.

17- Yarmohammadian M, Bahrami, S, Forughi Abari, AA. Educational adminstration &

planning. Isfahan University of Medical Sciences;

2008.

18- Fathi vajargah K. Need assessment in educational planning and curriculum development. Tehran: Aeezh; 2005. 6-13.

19- Shahidi S, Changiz T, Salmanzadeh H, Yousefy A. Factors affecting the needs assessment in continuing medical education:

presenting a practical guideline for selecting models and techniques. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 2010; 9(4):321-9.

20- Pololi LH, Dennis K, Winn GM, Mitchell J. A needs assessment of medical school faculty:

caring for the caretakers. Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions.

2003;23(1):21-9.

21- Avijgan M, Karamalian H, Ashourioun V, Changiz T. Educational needs assessment of medical school's clinical faculty members in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 2009. ;9(2):93- 103.

22- Avizhgan M, Karam Alian H, Zandi B, Ashourioun V, Changiz T. Prioritization of educational needs of faculty members in medical school of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences.

Iranian Journal of Medical Education.

2011;10(5):735-47.

23- DiMauro N. Continuous professional development. J Contin Educ Nurs. 2000 31(2):59- 62.

24- kamali f, Yamani N, Changiz T. A conceptual model of teacher evaluation system [Dissertation].

Isfahan University of Medical Sciences:Isfahan;

2012.

25- Stedman NLP, Adams BL. Identifying faculty’s knowledge of critical thinking concepts and perceptions of critical thinking instruction in higher education. NACTA Journal. 2012;56(2):9- 14.

26- Riner M, Billing D. faculty development for teaching in a changing health care environment: a statewide needs assessment. J Nurse Educ.

1999;38(9):427-9.

27- AnbariI Z, Zarinfar N. Need assessment &

comparison of faculties developmental programs in Arak University of Medical Sciences.Education Development Jundishapur.2013;4(1):1-16

(13)

28- Asadi A, Taheri M, Khoshrang H.

Educational needs assessment of faculty members

; priorities – strategies. Research in Medical Education. 2011;3(2):342-6.

29- Mirzaei karzan A, Kikhavani S, Hossein zade M, Aeivazi A. Educational needs assessment of faculty members at Ilam University of Medical Sciences . J Med Edu Dev. 2013;6(11):61- 71.

30- Ahmady S, Changiz T, Masiello I, Brommels M Organizational role stress among medical school faculty members in Iran: dealing with role conflict. BMC Med Educ. 2007;7(1):14- 24.

(14)

Educational Needs Assessment of Faculty Members in Hormozgan University of Medical Science

Shahi A¹, Shahi M², Avizhgan M³, Hosseini Tashnizi SS⁴,Naserian B⁵, Razm Ara A⁶, Kamali F^5,7

1 Dept.of Midwifery School of Nursing and Midwifery. Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar- e- Abbas, Iran.

2Research Center for Infectious and Tropical Diseases. Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar- e- Abbas, Iran.

3 Medical Education Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

4Dept.of Nursing School of Nursing and Midwifery. Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences. Bandar- e- Abbas, Iran

5 Educational Development Center (EDC). Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences. Bandar- e- Abbas, Iran

6 Dept.of Health Education , School of Health. Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences. Bandar- e- Abbas, Iran

7Hormozgan Educational center of Applied Sciences, Deputy of Public Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar- e- Abbas, Iran

Corresponding Author: Kamali F, Education Development Center (EDC), Educational Center of Applied Sciences and Deputy of Public Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar- e- Abbas, Iran

Email: [email protected] Received: 2 May 2013 Accepted: 27 Jul 2014

Background and Objective: Educational needs assessments of faculty members along with the identification of educational needs priorities may contribute to facilitate the present facilities and resources of the university and ensuring fulfillment of high goals of that university. The present study has been performed based on the identification of educational needs prioritization of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences (HUMS) faculty members regarding their responsibilities using their own surveys.

Materials and Methods: The present research is a descriptive cross-sectional study which was performed in 2011 in order to assess the educational needs of HUMS faculty members with the study sample of 60 cases.

The tools used for this research included a researcher- made questionnaire which was regulated in conformity with the guidelines of the health ministry for the faculty members' responsibilities, survey, and review of literature. It contained 6 areas and 59 subareas. The scale used was a 6-point Likert scale which included such items as "no need", "much need" scored 1-6 in data analysis. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire was calculated by expert opinion and Cronbach Alpha was 0.85. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 software.

Results: The mean and the SD of the scores in different areas based on the priority of the scores were as follow: management activities (4/62±0/24), research (4/61±0/55), education (4/60±0/75), individual development (4/34±1/67), technical activities out of university (4/33±0/13), healthcare services, health promotion (3/79±0/9). Essay writing in English with the frequency of 44(73/3%) and the procedure of domestic and international corresponding with the frequency of 43(71/6%) ranked first and second respectively. The method of fostering critical thinking and reasoning power, preparation of study guide, teaching method, evaluating professional ethics along with data analysis skills with frequency of 42 (70%) ranked third.

Conclusion: Faculty members need education in different areas. Therefore, regarding the results of the present study officials should pay attention to these priorities.

Keywords: Needs assessment, Faculty member, University of Medical Sciences