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Optimization of adsorption and sonocatalytic degradation of fluoride by zeolitic imidazole framework-8 (ZIF-8) using RSM-CCD
Article in Desalination and water treatment · January 2019
DOI: 10.5004/dwt.2019.24775
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Bahram Kamarehie
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doi: 10.5004/dwt.2019.24775
171 (2019) 270–280 December
Optimization of adsorption and sonocatalytic degradation of fluoride by zeolitic imidazole framework-8 (ZIF-8) using RSM-CCD
Nahid Khoshnamvand
a,b, Ali Jafari
a, Bahram Kamarehie
a, Maryam Faraji
c,d,*
aDepartment of Environment Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Lorestan, Iran, emails: [email protected] (N. Khoshnamvand), [email protected] (A. Jafari), [email protected] (B. Kamarehie)
bDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
cEnvironmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran, email: [email protected]
dDepartment of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Received 3 April 2019; Accepted 5 August 2019
a b s t r a c t
Fluorine is found in high concentrations in the earth’s crust and in the groundwater. In this research, fluoride adsorption at the concentrations of 1–10 mg/L in the aqueous solutions was optimized by response surface methodology using sonocatalyst process in a frequency of 30 kHz by zeolitic imid- azole framework-8 (ZIF-8) in dosage between 0.01 and 0.09 g/L, and pH from 3 to 11. According to the results, optimum conditions with removal efficiency of 92.17% was found at the fluoride concentration of 1.2 mg/L, ZIF-8 dosage of 0.08 g/L, and pH 6.52. Experimental data were well fitted on the Freundlich model (R2 = 0.99); therefore, the adsorption was multilayer with a favorable affin- ity between fluoride and ZIF-8. The maximum adsorption capacity of ZIF-8 was obtained to be 33.11 mg/g. Also, the pseudo-second order model had the best agreement with data (R2 = 0.99).
Finally, this study demonstrated that the sonocatalyst process in combination with ZIF-8 is a promising and efficient method for adsorption of fluoride from aqueous solutions.
Keywords: Fluoride; Aqueous solutions; Zeolitic imidazole framework-8 (ZIF-8); Central composite design (CCD); Groundwater
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