The purpose of these movements was to challenge the political and cultural hegemony of the West. The results of the research show that Kasravi criticized Oriental studies and Orientalists in two respects. First, they pointed out the fundamental flaws in the West's achievements in order to relieve Iranians of the sense of shame.
Corresponding author email: [email protected] Professor of History, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
قرش تاعلاطمیورسک هاگدید زا نیقرشتسم و یسانش
شهوپژنایرا یها
A study on types of tourism that influence the regeneration of historical textures (Case Study: Tabriz City). The statistical population of the current study consists of experts in the field of tourism and urban planning (university professors) who have the necessary knowledge and expertise regarding both the theories and the subject of the case study of the research. Because the article does not have a fixed and clear theoretical framework - which is due to the nature and purpose of the research - and because we do not have sufficient knowledge of the number of members of the statistical population, a combination of non-probabilistic used sampling methods such as purposive or judgmental methods (based on criteria), chain (the snowball) and quota and voluntary (available members).
Then the relationship between each type of tourism and the goals of regeneration of the historical texture is determined.
هنوگ یسرربرب رثؤم یرگشدرگ یاه
ینیرفآزابتفاب
یاهیخیرات
The study of Zoroastrian history based on the documents found in Pooladi's collection (Qajar and Pahlavi dynasties). In this study, after introducing the Zoroastrian quarter as the main cultural center of the Zoroastrians in Iran, some of the documents kept in the Yazd Museum of Documents and Manuscripts (Pooladi's Collection) are examined. It is considered the most important archive of the Zoroastrian manuscripts and documents in Iran.
The contents of these documents can clearly show the important and positive role of Zoroastrians in the commercial, political and economic affairs of the Qajar and Pahlavi dynasties.
رد هدش تفای دانسا هب دانتسا اب نایتشترز خیرات رد یراتسج عومجم
ۀرود( یدلاوپ
لوا یولهپ و راجاق
Pouladi, 2019, “Colophons and Marginal Notes of the Avestan Manuscripts of the Pouladi's Collection in Yazd", Iranian studies, 52, 3-59. West, E.W, 1914, “The Late Dr.E.W.West's letter on knowledge and learning of the Parsee priesthood of India, about four centuries ago". Dovecotes of Iran and Turkey: a comparative study of their functions and importance to the indigenous cultures of the.
Turkey is one of the countries where many different types of pigeon houses have been built. Thus, the most important research question is what are the similarities and differences between Iranian and Turkish pigeon lofts in the last few centuries. But the Iranian dovecotes are generally of masonry, larger than the Turkish ones, and are designed in the fields of the plains and along the rivers, in circular shapes and in some cases rectangular (Golpayegan, Khansar, Khomein and Miandoab).
Amirkhani, A., 2010, "Ancient Pigeon Houses: Remarkable Example of Asian Culture Crystallized in the Architecture of Iran and Central Anatolia", Asian Culture and History, Vol. Beazley, E., 1966, "The Pigeon Towers of Isfahan", Iran, Journal of the British Institue of Persian Studies, British Academy, Burlington Gardens, London, Vol.IV. Husselman, Elinor M., 1984, "The Dovecotes of Karanis", Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association, Vol.
People's participation in the relatively free elections for the fourteenth parliament was the first experience of the Iranian nation after the fall of the first Pahlavi dictatorship, and was widely welcomed. This article examines various parties, groups and personalities that, freed from the difficult political conditions of the first Pahlavi, participated in the elections in Kermanshah as an important and strategic region in western Iran. The results show that, unlike Reza Shah's era, the fourteenth elections were not monopolized by political and social forces, and the candidates had ties to different and opposing influential groups.
In the first elections of the second Pahlavi era, to weaken the Pahlavi court, participation increased and power centers especially tribes and nomads and foreign political agents developed activities during parliamentary elections to achieve their political goals.
یاهدمایپ و دنور ،رثؤم لماوع یلم یاروش مهدراهچ سلجم تاباختنا
هاشنامرک رد
Philology means the study of culture through language and attention to the linguistic nature of culture. The focus on Oriental languages began with Biblical studies, where the advent of philology gradually separated its path from theology and became a way of understanding Oriental languages and texts. The need to learn Arabic, Persian and other oriental languages led to the establishment of schools in Europe.
In this article, the academic tradition of philology is detailed, after a brief overview of Orientalism and expression of the turning points of Iranian studies in Germany. Next, the importance of the philological method in the two traditions of German Orientalism (romantic and philological) is illustrated. The philological tradition seeks the historical reconstruction of text and language, and follows a neat trajectory.
Classical philology, with its teaching of Oriental languages and manuscripts, provided rich sources, from dictionaries to catalogs and corrected texts. In this tradition, the analysis of the Qur'an and the reconstruction of its context play a decisive role. The importance of the philological tradition in the study of the sacred text is the abandonment of the concept of holiness, which makes it possible to research the context and details of the text.
The article deals with the genealogy of German philologists and the classification of their services at the level of translation, cataloging and proofreading of Persian and Arabic texts, and shows its development from the first generation to the golden age in the twentieth century. The focus of the article is on the correction of mystical and Islamic texts and the projects of German-speaking orientalists in this field.
ژولولیفقرش رد کیژولولیف تنس و ی
یناملآ یسانشنابز
While the efforts of predecessors in this area are commendable, much remains to be studied. In this article, we prove that dictionaries do not include "Al-Bārjin", which is a Persian word used in Arabic books. And we must not think that it is useless to search for the meaning of ancient words that are no longer used in Persian or Arabic today, because such research has a historical and cultural significance in addition to its lexical value; it deals with the interaction of the two languages, which is one aspect of the relationship between Iranians and Arabs.
The choice of these two words is because they come from people's daily lives;. Words like these in Arabic are evidence of Iranian infiltration into the Arab-Islamic way of life. The rise of Islam in eastern Iran, part of which is now called Afghanistan, dates back to the era of the Rashidun Caliphate.
Based on historical documents, the influence of the Shiites in this area was initiated by the strict behavior of the Umayyads towards Shiites. The arrival of Ali ibn Musa al-Ridha (Reza) in Khorasan, the religious tolerance of the Mongols, the conversion of the Ilkhanate to Islam and their inclination towards the Shia, and the rise of the Safavids are considered important in this situation for the expansion of the Shiites. region. The Shias live in different provinces, but most of them live in the central part of Afghanistan, Hazarejat.
Most of Afghanistan's Shiites are Twelver, although a significant number of Tajik Shiites are followers of the Ismaili sub-division. The main purpose of this research is to study the socio-political life of Afghanistan's Shiites in the era of Sadozai and their role in winning the power of Ahmed Khan Abdali (Durrani), the founder of the Sadozai kingdom, and consolidating the power for him and his children . Gaining power and victory, Sadozai benefited from the military experience of some of Hazare's tribes.
Studying some of the historical events and the Shia response to them would provide a better understanding of the behavioral pattern of the Afghan Shia during this period.
ییازودَس رصع رد ناتسناغفا نایعیش یعامتجا یسایس تایح اه
Manifestation of the concept of Iran in the Ilkhanid era (according to the historical epics). After the establishment of the Ilkhanid government, for the first time since the fall of the Sassanids, the name of Iran was revived as a country with political and geographical independence, and the Ilkhanate was the rulers of the vast land of Iran called from Jeyhun to the Euphrates. This research studies how the concept of Iran is represented in the important historical epics of the Ilkhanid era, namely Homayoonnameh, Changizi Shahnameh, Zafarnameh, Shahanshahnameh, to determine how much the poets of these historical epics tried to create the empire of the Ilkhanid Iran to mention.
The results of this study show that there are two different attitudes towards Iran in these poems: in the Shahnamehs, Zafarnamehs and Shahanshahnamehs, the domain of the Ilkhanid rulers is often referred to as Iran and its borders from Jeyhun to Rome and Egypt. In addition, the Ilkhanid rulers are presented as Iranian kings defending the borders of Iran. The most important reason for Homayoonnameh's different approach seems to be that this poem was written early in the formation of the Ilkhanid government, when the concept of Iran and Iranian identity were even less considered; but the composition of the other three poems took place during the period of stability of this dynasty.
These two different and meaningful approaches in these poems show that the poets have consciously and deliberately used the name of Iran in their works. Moreover, the results of the research prove that in the period of stabilization of the Ilkhanid rule, Iran was once again recognized as an independent territory with certain geographical boundaries, which the kings knew their duty to protect against invading enemies. .
ناریا موهفم ییامنزاب
ردرصع
