ᗎ ❶ ࣥࢻኴᖹὒᴫᛕࢆࡵࡄࡗ࡚
ᒣᮏ ྜྷᐉ
㸯㸬ࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡢⓎぢ㸽
ࡇࡇࠊ୕ᖺࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒ㸦Indo-Pacific㸧࠸࠺ᴫᛕࡀࠊ㢖⦾ࢃࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
ࢃࡀᏳಸ୕⥲⌮ࡶࠊ2013ᖺ2᭶ࡢ࣓ࣜ࢝ゼၥ୰ࠊCSIS࡛ࡢ₇ㄝ࠾࠸࡚ࠊࢪኴᖹ ὒ୪ิࡉࡏ࡚ࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒ࠸࠺ゝⴥࢆ࠸ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢᡓ␎ࡢ୍➃ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ1ࠋࡲࡓࠊ࢜
࣮ࢫࢺࣛࣜࡢS.ࢫ࣑ࢫᅜ㜵┦ࡶࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒ࠸࠺ゝⴥࢆ㢖⦾࠸ࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ
ࡢᡓ␎ࡢ୰ᚰᴫᛕࡋࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺ぢ࠼ࡿ2ࠋ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡣࠊ2010ᖺ10᭶ࣁ࣡
࡛ࡢ₇ㄝ࡛ࠊH.ࢡࣜࣥࢺࣥᅜົ㛗ᐁࡀࠊ࢜ࣇࢩࣕࣝ࡞࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡣࠊࡣࡌࡵ࡚ࣥࢻኴᖹὒ
࠸࠺ゝⴥࢆ࠸3ࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒᴫᛕࡢⅆࡅᙺ࡞ࡾࠊࡲࡓᨻᗓࡢእ࡛ࠊM.࣮࢜ࢫࣜࣥ4
࡞ࡀࠊయ⣔ⓗࣥࢻኴᖹὒㄽࢆᒎ㛤ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࣥࢻኴᖹὒ࠸࠺ᴫᛕ㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊࡶࡗࡶయ⣔ⓗ࡞ㄽᩥࡣࠊ࠸ࡲࡢࡇࢁࠊD.ࢫࢥࢵࢺ5 ࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡇ࡛ᘬ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ100௨ୖࡢㄽᩥࡸሗ࿌᭩ࡢ㒊ศࡣ2010ᖺ௨㝆ࡢ
ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢࣥࢻኴᖹὒ࠸࠺ᴫᛕࢆࡗ࡚࠸ࡿㄽ⪅ࡢᅜ⡠ࢆࡳࡿࠊ
࣓ࣜ࢝ࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࠊࣥࢻࠊࣥࢻࢿࢩࠊࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝ࡞ከᒱࢃࡓࡿ㸦ࢫ ࢥࢵࢺㄽᩥ࡛ࡣࠊⱥᩥࡢ㈨ᩱࢆᑐ㇟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊࡲࡓ⡿༳㛵ಀࢆ↔Ⅼࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ
ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ᪥ᮏࡢㄽ⪅ࡣ࠶ࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸧ࠋࢫࢥࢵࢺ⮬㌟ࡣࠊࡇࡢ࠸ࡲࡔⓎᒎ㏵ୖ
࠶ࡿࣥࢻኴᖹὒᴫᛕࢆᡓ␎ⓗ✵㛫ࡽᤊ࠼ࠊࡑࢀࢆࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡢᡓ␎ⓗ࡞㔜せࡉࡢ
Ⓨぢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡇ࡛ࡢ㛵㐃ㅖᅜ㸦࣓ࣜ࢝ࣥࢻ㸧ࡢᡓ␎ⓗᩡࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡣࠊ
୰ᅜࡢඹ㏻ࡢ⬣ጾᇶ࡙࠸ࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㏙࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡋࡋࠊࢫࢥࢵࢺࡢᤊ࠼᪉ࡣࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡢ୍ࡘࡢᤊ࠼᪉࡛࠶ࡾࠊ࠸ࡲࡔࣥࢻኴᖹ ὒᴫᛕࡣࠊேࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᅜࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡿ⌮ゎࡀࡶࡓࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࠕࣥࢻኴᖹὒࠖࡣఱ㸽
࠸࠺ࡇࡀ㆟ㄽࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡀ⌧ᅾࡢẁ㝵࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ6ࠋᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞
ẁ㝵࠶ࡿࣥࢻኴᖹὒᴫᛕࢆⱝᖸయ⣔ⓗ᫂ࡽࡋࠊ᪥ᮏࡢࣥࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆ
⪃ᐹࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ
ࡓࡔࠊ࠶ࡽࡌࡵ⤖ㄽⓗ࡞ࡇࢆ୍ࡘ࠶ࡆ࡚࠾ࡅࡤࠊࢡࣜࣥࢺࣥᅜົ㛗ᐁࡢࣥࢻኴᖹ ὒࡢゝཬࡢពᅗࡣࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡽぢ࡚ࠊࢪኴᖹὒࡀࠊ⤒῭ⓗࡶᏳಖ㞀ୖࡶࣥ
ࢻὒࡸࣥࢻள㝣ᗈࡀࡗࡓ࠸࠺ࡇ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡉ࠼☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࢀࡤࠊࢪኴᖹὒ
࠸࠺⏝ㄒࢆ࠺ࡇࡣ≉ၥ㢟ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ࠸ࡲ࡛ࡶ㏻ᖖࡣࢪኴᖹὒゝࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ
ࢪኴᖹὒࢆࠕすኴᖹὒࠊᮾࢪࡽࣥࢻὒᆅᇦࡑࡋ࡚༡ࢪᗈࡀࡿ⎔㸦arc㸧ࠖ7 ᐃ⩏ࡋࠊ㏻ᖖࡣࡑࢀࢆࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡓࡔࠊࢪኴᖹὒࡀࠊࣥࢻὒࡸࣥࢻள㝣ᣑ
ࡋࡓࡇࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᨻእࠊᏳಖ㞀ᨻ⟇ࠊ⤒῭㛵ಀ࡞ࡢ⦅ᡂࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊ࣐
ࣥࢻ࣭ࢭࢵࢺࡢ⦅ᡂࡀᚲせࡉࢀࡿࡇࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡲࡓࡑࢀࡀ୍␒㢧ⴭ⌧ࢀࡿࡢࡀࠊ࢜
࣮ࢫࢺࣛࣜࣥࢻ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡇࡢᅜ࠾࠸࡚ࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒᴫᛕࡀࡼࡃࢃࢀࠊࡲࡓ
ࡑࢀ㛵ࡋ࡚ㄽதࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ8ࠋ
㸰㸬࡞ࡐ࠸ࡲࣥࢻኴᖹὒ㸽
ࣥࢻኴᖹὒᴫᛕࡀὀ┠ࡉࢀጞࡵࡓ⌮⏤ࡣࠊᅜࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡿࡀࠊ┦㔜࡞ࡿ࠸ࡃࡘ
ࡢ⌮⏤ࡀ࠶ࡿᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣᮏ✏࡛ḟ⠇௨ୗ࡛ࡶ᳨ウࡉࢀࡿࡀࠊࡇࡇ࡛ࠊ⡆༢ゝ ࡗ࡚࠾ࡃࠊḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡿࠋ୍ࡘࡣࠊ㏆ᖺࠊ༡ࢩࢼᾏࠊᮾࢩࢼᾏ࡛ࠊᓥᕋࡢ㡿᭷ᶒၥ 㢟ࠊ⯟⾜ࡢၥ㢟࡞࡛ࠊᅜᐙ㛫ࡢᑐ❧ࡀ㢧ᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢᑐ❧ࡣࠊ
ࣥࢻ࡞ࢆᕳࡁ㎸ࢇ࡛࠾ࡾ㸦ࡓ࠼ࡤࠊࣥࢻࡢ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ᾏᇦ࠾ࡅࡿ㛤Ⓨ୰ᅜࡀᢠ㆟
ࡍࡿ࡞㸧ࠊࡲࡓࡑࡇ࡛సࡽࢀࡿ࣮ࣝࣝࡀࣥࢻὒࡲ࡛ཬࡪࡇࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡘࡣࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡀࠊࢪኴᖹὒࡢᅇᖐࠊࡉࡽࣆ࣎ࢵࢺ㸦ࣜࣂࣛࣥࢩࣥࢢ㸧ࢆ
ᒎ㛤ࡋࠊࡇࡢᨻ⟇ࡀࠊすኴᖹὒࠊ༡ࢩࢼᾏࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࣥࢻὒᖜࢆᗈࡆࡿᡓ␎ࢆࡗ࡚
࠸ࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡣࠊ⤒῭ࡢⓎᒎⴭࡋ࠸ᮾࢪࡢ㛵ಀࢆᐦࡋࡼ࠺ࡋࡘࡘࠊ
᪉࡛ࡣࠊࡲࡍࡲࡍᨷᧁⓗ㸦assertive㸧࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ୰ᅜᑐᢠࡍࡿᡓ␎ࢆᒎ㛤ࡋࡼ࠺ࡋ
࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
୕ࡘࡣࠊ୰ᅜࠊࣥࢻ࡞ࡢ᪂⯆ᅜࡢྎ㢌࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽ᪂⯆ᅜࡢྎ㢌ࡣࠊ⤒῭ᅪࠊ
⤒῭✵㛫ࢆࢪኴᖹὒࡽࡉࡽࣥࢻࢆྵࡴᗈ࠸㡿ᇦᣑࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆពࡍ
ࡿࠋᏳಖ㞀࠸࠺ほⅬࡽゝ࠼ࡤࠊ᪂⯆ᅜࡢ⤒῭ⓗ࡞ྎ㢌ࡣࠊࡑࡢࡲࡲゝࡗ࡚ࡼ࠸
ࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢᅜࡢ㌷ຊࡢᙉࡘ࡞ࡀࡾࠊᏳಖ㞀✵㛫ࢆᣑࡍࡿࠋ≉⤒῭ࠊ㌷
࠾ࡅࡿࣥࢻࡢ㸦⌧ᅾࠊࡑࡋ࡚ᑗ᮶ࢆぢ㉺ࡋ࡚ࡢ㸧ྎ㢌ࡣࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒᴫᛕࡢ࣮࢟࡞
ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᅄࡘࡣࠊᾏࡣࠊྂ᮶ࠊ㈠᫆࡞ࡢ⤒῭άືᚲ㡲ࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᾏὒࡢᏳᐃࡣࠊᆅᇦ ࡢࠊࡑࡋ࡚ୡ⏺ࡢ⤒῭ࡢᏳᐃᚲ㡲ࡢ᮲௳࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࡢᆅࡢ᪂⯆ᅜࡢྎ㢌ࡣࠊ
ࣥࢻὒ㸦ࡑࡋ࡚ࠊኴᖹὒ㸧ࡢ㔜せᛶࢆቑࡉࡏࠊࡲࡓࡑࡢᡓ␎ⓗᏳᐃࡀ୰ᅜࡢྎ㢌ࡼ
ࡗ࡚ᔂࢀࡿࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ᠱᛕࡀฟ࡚ࡁࡓ࠸࠺ࡇࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡘࡣࠊ➨ᅄࡢⅬ㛵㐃ࡋ࡚ࠊᾏὒࡣࠊᇶᮏⓗࡣࠊ࠸ࢃࡺࡿࢢ࣮ࣟࣂ࣭ࣝࢥࣔࣥࢬ ࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡢᅜࡶࡑࢀࢆ⮬⏤࠼ࡿ㸦⯟⾜ࡢ⮬⏤㸧࠸࠺ࡢࡀཎ๎࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ᾏὒࡣࠊࡑࡢᏳᐃࢆಖࡘࡓࡵࡣࠊከࡃࡢᅜཷࡅධࢀࡽࢀࠊ㑂Ᏺࡉࢀࡿ࣮ࣝࣝࡀᚲせ࡛
࠶ࡿࠋ⯟⾜ࡢ⮬⏤ࡢཎ๎ࠊEEZ ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ┦ゎࠊ㡿ᅵ㸦ᓥᕋ㸧⣮தࡢᖹⓗゎỴࠊ࡞
ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ࠸ࢃࡤࠊἲࡢᨭ㓄ࡢ☜❧ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣥࢻὒࢆྵࡵ࡚ࣥࢻኴᖹὒ
ࡶእ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ㄆ㆑ࡀࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒᴫᛕࡢฟ⌧ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
㸱㸬ࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡢどゅ
௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺࡞⌮⏤࡛ࣥࢻኴᖹὒᴫᛕࡀὀ┠ࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡀࠊ௨ୗࠊ ࡇࢀࢆࡍࡇࡋయ⣔ⓗࠊᆅ⌮ⓗ࡞✵㛫ࠊᡓ␎ⓗ࡞✵㛫ࠊ⤒῭ⓗ࡞✵㛫ࠊ⛛ᗎࡢ✵㛫ࠊࡑࡋ
࡚ࠊᨻእࡢ✵㛫ࡋ࡚⪃࠼࡚ࡳࡓ࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒᴫᛕࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡁࠊ㛫
㍈ࢆࡢࡼ࠺ࡿࡶ㔜せ࡞Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡓ࠼ࡤࠊࡋ࡚࠸ࡲ⌧ᅾࡢࡇࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࡢ
ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ୰㛗ᮇⓗ࡞ࣃ࣮ࢫ࣌ࢡࢸࣈࡽ⪃࠼ࡿࡢࠊࡉࡽࡣࠊ㉸㛗ᮇⓗ࡞どⅬࡶ
ྲྀࡾධࢀ࡞ࡀࡽ⪃࠼ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
௨ୗࠊᆅ⌮ⓗ✵㛫ࠊᡓ␎ⓗ✵㛫ࠊ⤒῭ⓗ✵㛫ࠊ⛛ᗎࡢ✵㛫࠸࠺㡰ᗎ࡛㆟ㄽࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࠋ ᨻእ✵㛫ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡀᮏ✏ࡢࡓࡿㄽ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊู⠇ࢆ❧࡚࡚⪃ᐹࡍࡿࠋ
㸦㸯㸧ᆅ⌮ⓗ✵㛫
ࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡣࠊ୍␒ᗈࡃࢀࡤࠊすኴᖹὒ㸦࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊࡉࡽ࣓ࣜ࢝㸧ࡽࠊ༡ࢩ ࢼᾏࠊ࣐ࣛࢵ࢝ᾏᓙࠊࣥࢻὒࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࣇࣜ࢝ࡢᮾ㒊ࡲ࡛ࢆྵࡴᗈ࠸ᾏᇦ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ
ࡋࠊࡑࡢ࠺ࡕࡢࡢ㒊ศὀ┠ࡍࡿࡣேࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡿࠋ࠶ࡿேࡣࠊ༡ࢩࢼᾏᮾ㒊
ࣥࢻὒ㸦࣋ࣥ࢞ࣝ‴㸧ࢆ⪃࠼ࠊ࠶ࡿேࡣࠊすኴᖹὒࣥࢻὒࡢᕪࢆ⪃࠼ࠊࡉࡽ࠶ࡿ
ேࡣࠊࣇࣜ࢝ࡢᮾᾏᓊࡽࣥࢻࢿࢩ⮳ࡿࡲ࡛ࡢᗈ࠸ᾏᇦࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㏫࠶ࡿ
ேࡣࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒゝࡗ࡚ࡶࠊࣥࢻὒࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢᆅᇦࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃ
ࡏࡸࠊ㍍㔜㸦ࡑࡋ࡚ࡑࡢ᥎⛣㸧ࢆຍ࠼࡚⪃࠼ࡿேࡶ࠸ࡿࠋࡓ࠼ࡤࠊࢪኴᖹὒࢆ࣓
ࣥ⪃࠼ࠊࡑࢀᮾ㒊ࣥࢻὒࢆຍⓗ⪃࠼ࡿேࡶከ࠸ࠋ
ᗈ࠸ࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡢ࡞ࡢࡢᆅ⌮ⓗ✵㛫ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࡣࠊᡓ␎ࠊ⤒῭ࠊ⛛ᗎࠊᨻእ
ࡢࡢ✵㛫ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࡢࡼ࠺࡞㛫㍈࡛⪃࠼ࡿࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡗ࡚ࡇࡼ࠺ࠋࡉ
ࡽࠊᅜᐙ༢࡛ゝ࠼ࡤࠊࡑࡢᅜࡀᆅ⌮ⓗࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡢࡇ⨨ࡍࡿࡼࡗ࡚
ࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡢ⨨࡙ࡅࡶኚࢃࡗ࡚ࡇࡼ࠺ࠋࡓ࠼ࡤࠊ᪥ᮏࡣࠊࢪኴᖹὒࢆ࣓ࣥ⪃
࠼ࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒࢆຍⓗ⪃࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࡸࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝࡣࠊすኴᖹὒ
ࣥࢻὒࡢࡲࡉ┿ࢇ୰࠶ࡾࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒࢆ࣓ࣥ⪃࠼ࡿࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸9ࠋࣥࢻࡣࠊ
ࣥࢻὒᮾ༡ࢪࡢ㛵ಀࡢ⥭ᐦࡉࢆ⪃࠼ࠊࡲࡓࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡢᙺࡢ୍ே⪃࠼ࡼ
࠺ࠋࡉࡽࡣࠊࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᅜ㛫㛵ಀࢆⓎᒎࡉࡏࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡼࡗ࡚ࡶࣥࢻኴᖹ ὒࡢ⨨࡙ࡅࡸෆᐜࡀኚࢃࡗ࡚ࡇࡼ࠺ࠋࡓ࠼ࡤࠊࣥࢻࡢ㛵ಀࢆᐦࡋࡼ࠺ࡍࡿ
ࡁࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒᴫᛕࡣ㈗㔜࡞༠ຊࡢ㇟ᚩ㸦ࢩࣥ࣎ࣝ㸧࡞ࡾ࠼ࡿࠋ
㸦㸰㸧ᡓ␎ⓗ✵㛫
ࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡣࠊᡓ␎ⓗ࡞✵㛫ᤊ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀࡶ࠸ࡃࡘࡢḟඖࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡇ
࡛ࡣࠊࡑࡢ୰ࡢࡘ㸦㔜࡞ࡾྜ࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸧ࢆ࠶ࡆ࡚࠾ࡇ࠺ࠋ୍ࡘࡣࠊ⌧ᅾࠊࣥࢻ ኴᖹὒᴫᛕࡀ㢧ᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ୍ࡘࡢࡁ࡞⌮⏤ࡣࠊ㸦ᨻᗓ࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡣࠊᚲࡎࡋࡶ᫂♧ⓗ㆟
ㄽࡉࢀࡿࡇࡣ࡞࠸ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡀ㸧୰ᅜࡢྎ㢌ࠊࡑࢀࡶ୰ᅜࡢᾏὒ࠾ࡅࡿ㐍ฟ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡑࡢࡇࡣࠊ⌧ᅾ࡛ࡣࠊ༡ࢩࢼᾏࡸᮾࢩࢼᾏ࡛㢧ⴭぢࡽࢀࡿࡀࠊ୰ᅜࡣࠊࣥࢻὒࡶ
㐍ฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋேࡀ୰ᅜࡢࠕ┿⌔ࡢ㤳㣭ࡾࠖ10ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡼ࠺ࠊࢫࣜࣛࣥ࢝ࠊࣃ࢟ࢫࢱ
ࣥࠊࡉࡽࢭ࣮ࢩ࢙ࣝ࡞ᐤ ᆅࢆ⠏࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡓ࠸ࡋ࡚ࠊࣥࢻࡶࠊᾏ㌷ࢆቑ ᙉࡋࠊ࿘㎶ࡢᅜࠎ㛵ಀࢆᙉࡵࠊࠕࢲࣔࣥࢻࡢࢿࢵࢡࣞࢫࠖࡶࡤࢀࡿࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ
ࢆసࡾ11ࠊࡲࡓ࣓ࣜ࢝ࠊ᪥ᮏࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࡞ඹྠカ⦎ࢆ⾜࠺࡞Ᏻಖ㞀༠ຊࡢ
⥙ࢆᗈࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺ࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ୰ᅜࡢ㐍ฟࢆ⫼ᬒせᅉࡋ࡚ࠊ
࣓ࣜ࢝ࠊࣥࢻࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࡞ࡢせᅜࡢ㛫ࠊ୍ࡘࡢᏳಖ㞀ព㆑ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ
ᩡ㸦convergence㸧ࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡾࠊࡲࡓᐇ㝿ࡢ⾜ືࢆぢ࡚ࡶࠊࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢩࢫࢸ
࣒ࡀ࡛ࡁࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࡼ࠺ぢ࠼ࡿࠋ࣓ࣜ࢝ࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࠊࣥࢻ୕ᅜࡢ༠ຊࢆࠊ➨ 1 ḟୡ⏺ᡓ๓ࡢࢻࢶᑐࡍࡿ୕ᅜ༠ၟࡓ࠼ࡿேࡉ࠼࠸ࡿ12ࠋࡑࡇࡲ࡛ゝࢃ࡞ࡃࡶࠊ
୍ࡘࡢ᪂ࡓ࡞ᡓ␎✵㛫ࡀ࡛ࡁࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡗ࡚ࡶ㐣ゝ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ
ࡘࡣࠊࡑࢀ㛵㐃ࡋ࡚ࠊࡼࡾᗈࡃࠊࡲࡓࠊ㛗ᮇⓗ࡞ど㔝ࡽࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒࢆ୍ࡘ ࡢᡓ␎✵㛫ࡋ࡚ぢࡿぢ᪉࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡀࠊ㏻ၟࡢࣁ࢙࡛࢘࠶ࡾࠊ Ᏻಖ㞀ࡢࣁ࢙࡛࢘࠶ࡿࡇ⏤᮶ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡣࠊ࣒࣍ࣝࢬᾏᓙ
࣐ࣛࢵ࢝ᾏᓙ࠸࠺ࡘࡢࢳ࣮ࣙࢡ࣭࣏ࣥࢺࢆྵࡴࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᑗ᮶ࠊᮾ㒊ࣇࣜ࢝
ࡀᡂ㛗ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓሙྜࠊࣔࢨࣥࣅ࣮ࢡᾏᓙࡶࢳ࣮ࣙࢡ࣭࣏ࣥࢺࡢ୍ࡘ࡞ࡿࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ ࡑ࠺࡞ࡗࡓሙྜࠊࡇࡢࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡣࠊ༡ࣇࣜ࢝ࠊࣥࢻࠊ୰ᅜ࠸࠺᪂⯆ᅜࢆ⤖ࡧ ࡘࡅࡿࡶࡢ࡞ࡿࠋ
ࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡣࠊᏳಖ㞀ࡢࣁ࢙࡛࢘ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡓ࠼ࡤࠊࢯ࣐ࣜἈࡢᾏ㈫ᑐࡋ
࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏࠊ㡑ᅜࠊ୰ᅜ࡞ࡀⰄ⯪ࢆὴ㐵ࡋࡓࡀࠊࡑࢀࡣࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊ1991ᖺࠊ୰ᮾ༴ᶵ㸦➨1ḟࣛࢡᡓத㸧࠾࠸࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏࡣࠊᤲᾏ⯲ࢆὴ㐵ࡋࡓࡀࠊ ࡑࢀࡶࣥࢻኴᖹὒࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡶࠊኴᖹὒ㌷ࠊ➨ 7 Ⰴ㝲ࡀࡇࡢᆅ
ࢆᢸᙜࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸦ࡓࡔࡋࠊࣇࣜ࢝ࡣUSAFRICACOM㸧ࠊࢹ࢚ࢦ࢞ࣝࢩᇶᆅࢆࡶࡕࠊ ༢ኴᖹὒࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࣥࢻὒࡶࡽࡳࢆࡏࠊ୰ᮾࠊᮾࢪࡢᏳᐃᑐฎ ࡋࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡢ㏻ၟࣁ࢙࢘ࠊᏳಖ㞀ࣁ࢙࢘ࡋ࡚ࡢ⨨࡙ࡅࡣࠊ ᚲࡎࡋࡶ᪂ࡋ࠸ࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡋࡋࠊ⌧ᅾࠊࡇࡢⅬࡘ࠸࡚ࠕࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡢⓎぢࠖ
ࡀ࠶ࡿࡋࡓࡽࠊࡑࢀࡣఱࡽࡢ⌮⏤ࡀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡢ୍ࡘࡢ⌮⏤ࡣࠊ⤒῭ⓗ
ࣥࢻὒ㠃ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᅜࠎࡢ⤒῭ⓗ࡞࢙࢘ࢺࡀ㧗ࡲࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᑗ᮶ࡉࡽ㧗ࡲࡿࡶࡋ
ࢀ࡞࠸࠸࠺ࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࠸ࡲ୍ࡘࡢ⌮⏤ࡣࠊᗈ࠸ࣥࢻኴᖹὒ࠾࠸࡚ࠊຊ㛵ಀࡀኚ
ࡋࠊࡑࢀࡀᑗ᮶ࡢ☜ᐇᛶࢆቑࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊᚲࡎࡋࡶ⥭ᛴ
࡞ㄢ㢟࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡀ13ࠊ㛗ᮇⓗ࡞ࣃ࣮ࢫ࣌ࢡࢸࣈࡽ㔜せ࡞ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ Ṕྐⓗぢ࡚ࠊୡ⏺ࡢせ⯟㊰ࠊ㏻ၟ㊰ࡣࠊぞᶒᅜࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࡁᏳᐃࡋࠊࡲࡓࠊୡ
⏺ࡢᶒຊᵓ㐀ࡀぞᶒⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡁࠊ㈠᫆ࠊࡲࡓ⤒῭ࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣜࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡀ㐍ࡴ
࠸࠺14ࠋࢠࣜࢫࡢぞᶒࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢぞᶒࡀࡑࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ほⅬࡽぢࢀࡤࠊ
⌧ᅾࡢࣃ࣮࣭࣡ࢺࣛࣥࢪࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢ௦࠾࠸࡚ࠊᑗ᮶࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢぞᶒᵓ㐀ࡀᔂࢀࡓࡁࠊ ࡣࡓࡋ࡚ࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡢᏳᐃࡣࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡿࡢࠊ࠸࠺ࡇࡀ㉸㛗ᮇⓗ࡞ㄢ㢟࡞ࡿ15ࠋ
⌧ᅾ࡛ࡶ㒊ศⓗ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ୰ᅜࡀA2/AD⬟ຊࢆࡘࡅࠊ୰ᅜࡢἢᓊᆅᇦ㸦➨1ิᓥ⥺ࠊࡉ
ࡽࡣࠊ➨2ิᓥ⥺㸧࠾ࡅࡿ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢぞᶒࢆ⬣ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡣࠊ⌧ᅾAir/Sea
Battleࠊoffshore control࡞ࡢᡓ⾡ࢆ⦅ࡳฟࡑ࠺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊࣥࢻὒࠊኴᖹ
ὒࡢᏳᐃࡣࠊࡁࡃゝ࠼ࡤࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡑࡢྠ┕ᅜࡼࡿ༠ຊࡼࡗ࡚Ᏻᐃࢆᅗࡿࡢ㸦࢜
࣮ࢫࣜࣥࡢẸ⩏ྠ┕16㸧ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊࡼࡾໟᣓⓗࠊ୰ᅜࢆྵࡴせᅜࡍ࡚ࡀཧຍࡍ
ࡿᯟ⤌ࡳࢆసࡿࡇࡼࡗ࡚Ᏻᐃࢆᅗࡿࡢࠊ᳨ウ್ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ
ࡓ࠼ࡤࠊM.࣐ࣞࣥᥦ╩ࡢࠕ1000 㞘ᾏ㌷ᵓࠖ17ࡣࠊࡇࡢᚋ⪅ࡢ⣔ิᒓࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶
ࢁ࠺ࠋ࣐ࣞࣥᥦ╩ࡢᥦࡣࠊᾏὒ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᾏ㈫ࠊ⅏ᐖࠊ࡞ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ ࡑࢀᑐฎࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊᅜᐙࡢᾏ㌷ࠊẸ㛫ࡢ⯪⯧ࠊNGO࡞ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞యࡽࠊẚ႘ⓗ
࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ1000㞘ࡢ⯪⯧ࢆ⣕ྜࡋࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢၥ㢟ᙜࡓࢁ࠺ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ
⎔ࣥࢻὒࡢࡍ࡚ࡢ㛵ಀᅜࢆྵࡳࠊ㠀㌷ⓗ࡞ᡭẁ࡛༠ຊࢆ㐍ࡵࡿ⎔ࣥࢻὒᆅᇦ㐃ྜ
ࢆ㍈ࡍࡿᯟ⤌ࡳࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡾ࠼ࡿ18ࠋ
㸦㸱㸧⤒῭ⓗ✵㛫
௨ୖࠊᡓ␎ⓗ✵㛫࡛㏙ࡓࡇࡣࠊ࡞ࡾࡢ⛬ᗘࠊ⤒῭ⓗ✵㛫࣮࢜ࣂ࣮ࣛࢵࣉࡍࡿࡶ
ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࡚ゝ࠼ࡤࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡣࠊ㏻ၟࣁ࢙࡛࢘࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ Ᏻᐃࡣࢪኴᖹὒᆅᇦࡢ⤒῭Ṛάⓗ࡞㔜せᛶࢆࡶࡘࠋࡲࡓࠊࣥࢻࡸᮾ༡ࢪㅖᅜ ࡢᛴ⃭࡞⤒῭ᡂ㛗ࡼࡾࠊ⤒῭ᆅᅗࡀኚࢃࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊࣥࢻኴᖹ ὒࡢ㏻ၟࣁ࢙࢘ࡢ㔜せᛶࢆࡉࡽ㧗ࡵࡿࠋ
ࡘ࠸᭱㏆ࡲ࡛ࡣࠊ⤒῭ᡂ㛗ࡢ࢚ࣥࢪࣥࡣᮾࢪ㸦ASEAN+᪥୰㡑㸧࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡀኴᖹ ὒࢆᣳࢇ࡛ࠊ⡿㸦ࡉࡽࡣࠊኴᖹὒἢᓊࡢ༡⡿ㅖᅜ㸧⤖ࡧࡘࡁࠊࢪኴᖹὒ࠸࠺
ࡃࡃࡾࡀ᭷ຠ࡞ࡶࡢㄆ㆑ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡑࡢ࡞࡛ࡶ୰ᅜࡢᡂ㛗ࡣⴭࡋ࠸ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ ࡑࢀࡀࢪኴᖹὒࡢຊ㛵ಀࢆኚ࠼ࠊ⡿୰ࡢࣃ࣮࣭࣡ࢺࣛࣥࢪࢵࢩࣙࣥࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡋࡘࡘ
࠶ࡾࠊᡓ␎✵㛫ࡢኚࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ
ࡋࡋࠊ୰ᅜࡢᡂ㛗ࡣᘬࡁ⥆ࡁ㢧ⴭ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࣥࢻࢿࢩࡸࣥࢻࡢᡂ㛗ࡶⴭ ࡋࡃࠊ⤒῭ࡢ࢙࢘ࢺࡣࠊࡉࡽᮾ㸦ࣥࢻὒᐤࡾ㸧⛣ືࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺ぢ࠼ࡿ19ࠋࣥ
ࢻࡣࠊᑗ᮶୰ᅜ༉ᩛࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞⤒῭つᶍ࡞ࡿࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ⌧ᅾ࡛ࡶࠊࣥࢻࡣࠊ㉎
㈙ຊᖹ౯࡛ゝ࠼ࡤࠊࡑࡢGDPࡣ᪥ᮏ༉ᩛࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢࡇࢆぢ㉺ࡋ࡚ࠊㅖᅜࡢࣥࢻ
ࡢ᥋㏆ࡣ㢧ⴭ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࣓ࣜ࢝↛ࡾࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࡶ↛ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࣥࢻࡶASEANࠊ
᪥ᮏ࡞FTAࢆ⤖ࡧࠊ 1991ᖺ௨᮶Look Eastᨻ⟇ࢆ㏣ồࡋࠊᮾ༡ࢪࡢᅜࠎᐦ࡞ࡿ
㛵ಀࢆ⠏ࡇ࠺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⌧ᅾࡢࡇࢁࠊࣥࢻࡢ㈠᫆ࡣGDPࡢ 25㸣⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡲࡓࠊ ࡑࡢせ㈠᫆┦ᡭࢆぢࡿࠊ୰ᅜࠊASEANࠊEUࠊ୰ᮾศᩓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࣥࢻࡣࠊ
ࡘASEAN+6ࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮࡛࠶ࡾࠊASEAN+6ࢆ࣮࣋ࢫࡋࡓRCEPࡢ୍ဨ┠ࡉࢀࡿࡀࠊ
ࡑࢀࡣៅ㔜࡞ែᗘࢆࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠸࠺ࠋࡲࡓࠊࣥࢻࡣ APEC ࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡋ ࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ࠸ࡲࡍࡄࠊࣥࢻࢆྵࢇ࡛ࠊࡁ࡞ࠊከゅⓗ࡞ᆅᇦ⤒῭⤫ྜయࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿ
ࡣᛮ࠼࡞࠸ࠋ
ࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࣥࢻࡀࡇࢀࡽࡶ㧗ᗘࡢ⤒῭ᡂ㛗ࢆ⥆ࡅ࡚⾜ࡅࡤࠊ࠾ࡢࡎࡢᅜࠎ 㸦ᮾࢪࡢᅜࠎࡸ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ㸧ࡢ⤒῭㛵ಀࡣᐦ࡞ࡗ࡚⾜ࡃ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࡲࡓࠊࡓ
࠼ࡤࠊASEANࢆ⪃࠼ࡓሙྜࠊࡑࢀࡣすࣥࢻ࠸࠺ᕷሙࢆࡶࡕࠊᮾኴᖹὒࡢᕷሙ
ࢆࡶࡕࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒ࠸࠺ࡃࡃࡾࡀᙼࡽࡗ࡚ࡲࡍࡲࡍ㔜せ࡞ࡗ࡚⾜ࡃࡶࡢᛮࢃ
ࢀࡿࠋ
㸦㸲㸧⛛ᗎࡢ✵㛫
ࡇࡇ࡛ࠊ⛛ᗎ✵㛫ࡣࠊᅜᐙ㛫ࠊࡲࡓࢺࣛࣥࢫࢼࢩࣙࢼࣝ࡞㛵ಀࢆᚊࡍࡿ࣮ࣝࣝࡢయ⣔
࡛࠶ࡾࠊẸ⩏ேᶒ࡞ࡢつ⠊ࢆࡶྵࡴࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ࣮ࣝࣝࡣࠊ ᆅᇦࡢࡍ࡚ࡢᅜࡀᕪู࡞ࡃᚑ࠺ࡍࢀࡤࠊࡍ࡚ࡢᅜࡀ౽┈ࢆᚓࡿ࠸࠺ព࡛බඹ㈈
㸦ࢥࣔࣥࢬ㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢ࣮ࣝࣝࡢ࡞ࡣࠊ㈈ࡸࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆබඹ㈈ࡍࡿᶵ
⬟ࢆᣢࡘࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡓ࠼ࡤࠊ⯟⾜ࡢ⮬⏤࠸࠺࣮ࣝࣝࡀタᐃࡉࢀࠊࡑࢀࡀ㑂Ᏺࡉࢀࡿ
ࡍࡿࠊᾏὒ㸦㡿ᾏࠊEEZ ࢆ㝖ࡃ㸧ࡣࠊබඹ㈈࡞ࡿࠋ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊ⤒῭ศ㔝࡛ࡶࠊ⮬⏤
㈠᫆ࠊ↓ᕪู࣮ࣝࣝࡀタᐃࡉࢀ㑂Ᏺࡉࢀࢀࡤࠊୡ⏺㸦ᆅᇦ㸧ࡢᕷሙࡣࠊබඹ㈈ⓗ࡞ࡶ
ࡢ࡞ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⛛ᗎ✵㛫ࡣࠊࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ࡞࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝసࡽࢀࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡾ㸦ᅜ㐃ࡸୡ⏺㈠᫆ᶵ 㛵㸧ࠊᆅᇦ࡛ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢᆅᇦ࡛ゝ࠼ࡤࠊࢪኴᖹὒ࠾࠸࡚ࠊAPEC ࡸ ARFࡀ࠶ࡾࠊᮾࢪ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊASEAN+3ࡀ࠶ࡾ㸦ࡇࢀࡣࠊ࠸ࡲࡸASEAN+8࡞ࡾࠊ
ࢪኴᖹὒࡢせᅜࡍ࡚ࢆྵࡴࡼ࠺࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ̿̿EASࡸADMM Plus㸧ࠊࡲࡓࠊᮾ ༡ࢪ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊASEANࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࡣࠊ⤒῭ࠊᏳಖ㞀ࠊࡲࡓࡑࡢࡢศ㔝ࡘ
࠸࡚ࡢ࣮ࣝࣝᙧᡂࠊࡲࡓ༠ຊࡢయ⣔ࡀసࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢪኴᖹὒࠊᮾࢪ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ
㈠᫆ࡸᢞ㈨㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊWTOࡢ࣮ࣝࣝᩚྜⓗ࡞ᙧ࡛ࠊ⮬⏤㈠᫆ࡸᢞ㈨ࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊFTA
࡞ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞࣮ࣝࣝࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࢳ࢙࣐࣭ࣥࢽࢩࢸࣈ࡞㔠⼥࣭
㏻㈌ࡢᯟ⤌ࡳࡀ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊ▱ⓗ㈈⏘ᶒࠊࡑࡢࡢศ㔝ࡢ࣮ࣝࣝࡶసࡽࢀࠊᙉ
ࡉࢀࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ไᗘࡢᆅ⌮ⓗ࡞ࡃࡃࡾࡣࠊ࠸ࡲࡣࢪኴᖹὒ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡲࡓᮾࢪ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࣥࢻࡣࠊྂࡃࡽASEANࡢᑐヰᅜ࡛࠶ࡾࠊARFࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊࣥࢻࡣࠊ 2005ᖺࡽEASࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮࡞ࡾࠊASEAN+6ࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡓࡔࠊࡍ࡛㏙
ࡓࡼ࠺ࠊࣥࢻࡣAPECࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊRCEPࡶࡑࢀ✚ᴟⓗ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡋ
࡚ࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ1995 ᖺタ❧ࡉࢀ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࠊࣥࢻࠊࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝ
ࡸࢣࢽ࡞ࡢࣇࣜ࢝ㅖᅜ࡞19ࡢᅜࢆ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡍࡿ⎔ࣥࢻὒᆅᇦ༠ຊ㐃ྜ㸦Indian Ocean Rim-Association for Regional Cooperation IOR-ARC㸧ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏࠊ୰ᅜ࡞ࡣᑐヰᅜ
࡛࠶ࡾࠊ᭱㏆࣓ࣜ࢝ࡶᑐヰᅜ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡋࡋࠊࡇࡢᶵᵓࡣࠊᚎࠎ༠ຊࡢࣞ࣋ࣝࢆ㧗
ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࡣ࠸࠼20ࠊ࠸ࡲࡔࡑࢀไᗘࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸ࠋࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡣࠊ
࠸ࡲࡔᆅᇦⓗ࡞ไᗘࡣ࡞࠸ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡁࢃࡵ࡚ᕼ࡛ⷧ࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡋࡋࠊࣥࢻࢆྵࢇࡔࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡶࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞࣮ࣝࣝࡀᣑࡋࠊᾐ㏱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡶ
ࡢ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࠊࡑࢀࡀࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒㅖᅜࡢ⤒῭Ⓨᒎࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡇ࠺ࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊᏳಖ㞀ࡢศ㔝ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊARFࠊASEANࠊEASࠊADMM Plus࡞࡛ࠊᶒࡢᑛ 㔜ࡸࠊಙ㢗㔊ᡂࠊ⣮தࡢᖹⓗゎỴࠊἲࡢᨭ㓄࡞ࡀᥦ㉳ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡲࡓࠊᾏ㛵ࡋ࡚
ࡣࠊ⯟⾜ࡢ⮬⏤ࡢཎ๎ࢆᙉࡃᡴࡕฟࡍືࡁࡶぢࡽࢀࡿࠋ2002ᖺ ASEAN ୰ᅜࡢ㛫ࡢ ༡ࢩࢼᾏ࠾ࡅࡿ⾜ືつ⠊㸦Code of Conduct㸧ࡢᐉゝࡀฟࡉࢀࡓࡀࠊࡑࢀࡣࠊἲⓗ࡞ᣊ᮰ຊ ࡣ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡢࠊ୍ࡘࡢ㐍Ṍ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࡼࡾලయⓗ࡞ศ㔝ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᾏ㌷ࡢⰄ⯲ࡢ⾪
✺㜵Ṇࠊ࣍ࢵࢺࣛࣥࡢタᐃ࡞ࠊ࠸ࢃࡺࡿ㌷ⓗ࡞ಙ㢗㔊ᡂᥐ⨨ࡢタᐃࡶᅜ㛫ࡔࡅ࡛
ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᆅᇦయ࡛ᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊᾏὒࢆྵࡵ࡚ᣑᩓࡢ⨨ࡶసࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ ᾏ㞴ᩆຓࠊ⅏ᐖᨭࠊࡉࡽᾏ㈫ᑐ⟇࡞ࡢၥ㢟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊ༠ຊࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ࣮ࣝࣝࡀᚲ せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⌧ᅾࠊ༡ࢩࢼᾏࠊᮾࢩࢼᾏ࡛ࡣࠊᾏࡢ࣮ࣝࣝࡸ༠ຊయ⣔ࡀၥ㢟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ ࡑࢀࡣࠊᑗ᮶ࣥࢻኴᖹὒᇦࠊࡉࡽୡ⏺య࡛ࡢᾏὒ࠾ࡅࡿ࣮ࣝࣝࠊᅜᐙᐇ㊶ࢆつ ᐃࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡞ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
㸲㸬ᨻ࣭እ✵㛫
ࣥࢻኴᖹὒᴫᛕࡣࠊ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࡚ゝ࠼ࡤࠊᡓ␎ࠊ⤒῭ࠊ⛛ᗎ/ไᗘ࡞࠸ࡃࡘࡢほⅬ
ࡽぢࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡑࡢ࡞࡛ࠊྛᅜࡣࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᅜ┈ᇶ࡙࠸࡚⾜ືࡍࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ
ࡀࠊྛᅜࡢࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡢゎ㔘ࡸಀࢃࡾྜ࠸᪉ࡣࠊࡑࡢᅜࡢ࠾ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ≧ែ౫Ꮡࡍࡿࠋ ࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢᅜࠎࡢ⾜ືࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡀࠊᑗ᮶ࡢᆅᇦࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࢆసࡾฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠋࡇ ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡇࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࡁࠊ࠸ࡃࡘࡢࣞ࣋ࣝࢆయ⣔ⓗ⪃࠼ࡿࡇࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ୍
ࡘࡣᆅᇦయࡢ㊅ໃ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡘࡣᆅᇦ࠾ࡅࡿࢧࣈ࣭ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡣࠊ
ᅜ㛫㛵ಀࠊࡲࡓ୕ᅜ㛫ࠊࡉࡽࡣࡑࢀ௨ୖࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ୕ࡘ
ࡣྛᅜಶูࡢ⾜ື࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ⠇࡛ࡣࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒࢆᨻእ✵㛫ࡋ࡚⨨࡙ࡅࡿࡢ
ᚲせ࡞ࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࠊḟ⠇࡛ࡢࠊྛᅜࡢࣥࢻኴᖹὒᑐࡍࡿᨻ⟇ࡢᒎ㛤ࢆศᯒࡍࡿࡁࡢ 㐨ල❧࡚ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊᆅᇦయࡢእ✵㛫ࡢᵓ㐀ࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࡑࡢ࡞࡛ᒎ㛤ࡍࡿᇶᮏ
ⓗ࡞እࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆ᫂ࡽࡋ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ
㸦㸯㸧ᆅᇦయࡢ㊅ໃ̿̿᪂⯆ᅜࡢྎ㢌ࠊࡡࡌࢀ⌧㇟ࠊ༠தⓗ㛵ಀ
ࣥࢻኴᖹὒᴫᛕࡀฟ࡚ࡁࡓ୍ࡘࡢ⌮⏤ࡣࠊࡍ࡛㏙ࡓࡼ࠺ࠊ୰ᅜࠊࣥࢻࠊࣥ
ࢻࢿࢩ࡞ࡢ࣓࢞᪂⯆ᅜࡶࡿᅜࠎࡀฟ⌧ࡋࡓࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡇࡣࠊࡇࡢᆅᇦ
࠾ࡅࡿ⤒῭ຊࠊ㌷ຊࡢศᕸࢆࡁࡃኚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ࡞࡛࠸ࡲ࡛ࡣ᭱ࡢ ᪂⯆ᅜ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ୰ᅜࡣࠊ༢㌷ຊࢆᛴ㏿ቑࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ࠸ࡲࡔඹ⏘
ඪ୍ඪ⊂ࡢᶒጾ⩏యไࢆࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡲࡓࠊ⤒῭యไࡶࠊᅜᐙ㈨ᮏ⩏21ゝࢃࢀࡿࡼ
࠺ࠊᅜᐙࡢ㛵ࡀࡁࡃࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡸ᪥ᮏ࡞㉁ⓗ␗࡞ࡿࡇࢁࡀࡁ࠸ࠋࡇࡢࡼ
࠺࡞ࡇࡽࠊᏳಖ㞀ୖࡶࠊࡲࡓ⤒῭ୖࡶ㌵㎚ࡀࡘࡁ࡞࠸ࠋࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ᪂⯆ᅜࡢྎ
㢌ࡣࠊ⮬⏤࡞ᅜ㝿⤒῭యไࡢ࡞࡛㐩ᡂࡉࢀࡓࡓࡵࠊ᪂⯆ᅜ࣓ࣜ࢝࡞ࡢඛ㐍ㅖᅜࡢ 㛫ࡣࠊᐦ࡞ࡿ┦౫Ꮡ㛵ಀࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿ⮳ࡗࡓࠋ
ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢᅜࡢ㛫ࡢ㛵ಀࡣࠊ෭ᡓᮇࡢ⡿ࢯ㛵ಀࡣ␗࡞ࡾࠊᏳಖ㞀ୖࡢ㌵
㎚⤒῭ⓗ࡞┦౫Ꮡ㛵ಀࡀྠᏑᅾࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡿࠋከࡃࡢᅜࡣࠊ୍᪉࡛ࡣࠊᏳಖ 㞀ୖ୰ᅜ㌵㎚࡞ࡾᑐ❧ࢆࡶࡘࡶࠊ⤒῭ⓗࡣ༠ຊࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ࠸ࢃࡺࡿ
ࡡࡌࢀ⌧㇟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡡࡌࢀ⌧㇟ࡣࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡗ࡚ࡶゝ࠼ࠊ୰ᅜࡗ࡚ࡶゝ࠼ࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࡶࡑ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏࡣゝࢃࡎࡶࡀ࡞࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡇࡣࠊᅜᐙ㛫㛵ಀ
࠾࠸࡚ࠊ༠ㄪ➇தࡀᖖぢࡽࢀࡿ༠தⓗ࡞㛵ಀࡀᵓ㐀ⓗぢࡽࢀࡿ࠸࠺⌧㇟ࢆᘬࡁ
㉳ࡇࡍࠋ
ࡇࡢ༠தⓗ࡞㛵ಀࡣࠊࡁ༠ㄪࢀࠊࡁ➇தࢀࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡢᴟ
ᐃ╔ࡍࡿࡇࡣ࡞࠸ࠋᏳಖ㞀࠾࠸࡚ࠊ⣮தࡀ㧗ࡲࡿࠊ⤒῭㛵ಀࡀ⬣ࡉࢀࠊࡁ
࡞ᦆᐖࡀ⏕ࡎࡿࡓࡵࠊ༠ㄪࡢ࠺ࡾᏊࡀࡶࡿࠋ༠ㄪࡀ㧗ࡲࡿࠊຊ㛵ಀࡀᛴ⃭ኚ
ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡾࠊᏳಖ㞀ୖࡢ㱈㱒ࡀ⏕ࡌࠊࡾᏊࡣ➇த/⣮தࡴ࠺ࠋ
㸦㸰㸧࣊ࢵࢪࣥࢢࡢ௦
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞㇟ࡣࠊ࣊ࢵࢪࣥࢢࡤࢀࡿ⾜ືࢆᗈࡃᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍ22ࠋ࣊ࢵࢪࣥࢢࡣ୍⯡
ⓗゝ࠼ࡤࠊ࠸ࡲఱࡸࡗ࡚࠸࡚㸦ࡓ࠼ࡤࠊ౯᱁ࡀୖ᪼ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠶ࡿᰴࢆ㈙࠺㸧ࠊᇶᮏⓗ
ࡑࢀࢆ⥆ࡅࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᑗ᮶ࡑࢀࡀ࠺ࡲࡃ࠸࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿ㸦ࡑࡢᰴࡀୗⴠࡍࡿ㸧࠸࠺
ࣜࢫࢡࢆ⪃࠼࡚ࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞ᡭẁ㸦ࡢᰴࢆከᑡ࡛ࡶ㈙ࡗ࡚࠾ࡃࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡢ㈨⏘ࢆࡶ
ᣢࡗ࡚࠾ࡃ㸧ࢆㅮࡌ࡚࠾ࡃࠊ࠸࠺ࡇ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ༠தⓗ࡞ᵓ㐀ࢆᣢࡘᅜ㝿ᨻ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ
࣊ࢵࢪࣥࢢࡣࠊ༠ㄪࢆ⥔ᣢࡋࡘࡘࠊࡋࡋ༠ㄪࡀ࠺ࡲࡃ⾜࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓሙྜഛ࠼࡚ࡢ
⾜ືࢆࡗ࡚࠾ࡃࠊ࠸࠺ࡇ࡞ࡿࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊ⌮ㄽⓗࡣࠊᑐ❧ࢆ⥅⥆ࡋࡘࡘࠊࡋ
ࡋࠊᑐ❧ࡀ࠶ࡲࡾ⃭ࡋࡃ࡞ࡾ༴㝤࡞ࡿࡁഛ࠼࡚ࠊ༠ㄪࡢᯟ⤌ࡳࢆసࡗ࡚࠾ࡃࠊ
࠸࠺ࡢࡶ࣊ࢵࢪࣥࢢࡢ୍ࡘࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉࡛ࡣ࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ
࣊ࢵࢪࣥࢢ࡛ࠊࡶࡗࡶᆺⓗ࡞ࡢࡣࠊ⤒῭ศ㔝࡛༠ㄪࢆಖࡕࡘࡘ㸦ಁ㐍ࡋࡘࡘ㸧ࠊࡋ
ࡋຊ㛵ಀࡢኚᑐᛂࡋࠊ┦ᡭࡢࣂࣛࣥࢫࢆࡗ࡚⾜ࡃࠊ࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࠊ
┦ᡭࡢࣂࣛࣥࢫࢆࡗ࡚⾜ࡃࡁࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞᪉ἲࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡲࡓ┦ᡭࡢ༠ㄪࢆ࣓
ࣥࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊㄡࡀ┦ᡭࢆゝࢃ࡞࠸ࡇࡀᬑ㏻࡛࠶ࡾࠊᑡ࡞ࡃࡶࣞࢺࣜࢵࢡࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ
┦ᡭࡢ༠ㄪ㛵ಀࢆᙉㄪࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᡭẁࡋ࡚ࠊ⮬ศ⮬㌟ࡢຊࢆቑࡋࡓࡾ㸦ෆ⏕ⓗ࡞
ࣂࣛࣥࢫࠊinternal balancing㸧ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᅜࡢᏳಖ㞀༠ຊࢆᙉࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ㸦እ⏕ⓗࣂࣛ
ࣥࢫࠊexternal balancing㸧ࠊ࠸࠺ࡇࡀ࠶ࡿࠋຊ㛵ಀࡀኚࡋ࡚⾜ࡃሙྜࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࠊ┦ᑐ
ⓗ࡞ຊࢆపୗࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡿᅜ㸦࣓ࣜ࢝㸧ࡣࠊ┦ᡭ㸦୰ᅜ㸧⤒῭ⓗ࡞㛵ಀࢆ⥔ᣢ࣭Ⓨᒎࡉ ࡏࡘࡘ㸦༠ㄪ㸧ࠊ㌷ⓗࠊ┦ᡭࡢຊࡢఙ㛗ᑐᢠࡋ࡚ࠊ⮬ᕫࡢ㌷ຊࢆᩚ࠼ࡓࡾࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸
ࡣࠊྠ┕ㅖᅜࡢᏳಖ㞀༠ຊࢆᣑ࣭῝ࡉࡏࡼ࠺ࡍࡿࠋᚋ⪅ࡣ㞟ᅋⓗ࣊ࢵࢪࣥࢢ
ゝ࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋྎ㢌ࡍࡿᅜࡣࠊ┦ᡭࡢ⤒῭㛵ಀࢆ⥔ᣢࡋࡘࡘ㸦༠ㄪ㸧ࠊ⮬ᅜࡢຊࡢఙ㛗ࢆࡣ
ࡾࠊࡑࡢ㛫㛗ᮇⓗࡣ┦ᡭࡢࣂࣛࣥࢫࢆඃࡋࡼ࠺ࡍࡿᡓ␎ࢆࡿࠋ୰ᅜࡢ㡗ග㣴 ᬉ࡞ࡀࡑࡢᆺⓗ࡞࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞┦ᑐⓗຊࢆపୗࡉࡏࡿᅜྎ㢌ࡍࡿᅜࡢ㛫ࡢ࣊ࢵࢪࣥࢢࡶࠊ➨ 3 ᅜ
ࡶ࠸ࡃࡘࡢࢱࣉࡢ࣊ࢵࢪࣥࢢ⾜ືࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊ➨ 3 ᅜ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊࡍ࡛
㏙ࡓࡼ࠺࡞୰ᅜࡢ⤒῭Ᏻಖ㞀ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢࡡࡌࢀ⌧㇟ࡀ㢧ⴭ࡞ࡇࡀ࠶ࡾࠊᑐ୰
㛵ಀ࡛ࡣࠊ༠ຊࢆ⥔ᣢࡋࡘࡘࠊࣜࢫࢡഛ࠼ࡿ࠸࠺࣊ࢵࢪࣥࢢࢆࡿᅜࡶከ࠸࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢྠ┕ᅜ㸦࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊᏳಖ㞀ࠊ⤒῭ࡶ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢᏑᅾࡀࡁ࡞ᅜ㸧
ࢆぢࡿࠊ┦ᑐⓗຊࢆపୗࡉࡏࡿ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡀᑗ᮶㛵ࢆపୗࡉࡏࡿࣜࢫࢡࢆᅇ㑊ࡍࡿࡓ
ࡵࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ༠ຊࢆ῝ࡵࠊࡲࡓࢥࢫࢺ㈇ᢸࢆቑࡉࡏࡿ࡞ࡢ⾜ືࢆࡿࠋࡇࢀࡶ
୍ࡘࡢ࣊ࢵࢪࣥࢢ࡛࠶ࡿ23ࠋ
ࡓࡔࠊࡑࢀ௨እࠊ➨ 3 ᅜࡋ࡚ࠊ࠸ࡃࡘࡢ࣊ࢵࢪࣥࢢ⾜ືࡀぢࡽࢀࡼ࠺ࠋ୍ࡘࡣࠊ
┦ᑐⓗຊࢆపୗࡉࡏࡿぞᶒᅜྎ㢌ࡍࡿᅜࡢ㛫࡛ࡢ࣊ࢵࢪࣥࢢࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊ୍᪉ࡢ ᅜⰋዲ࡞㛵ಀࢆ⥔ᣢࡋࡘࡘࠊ᪉ࡢᅜࡶࡑࢀ࡞ࡾࡢ㛵ಀࢆసࢁ࠺ࡍࡿ⾜ື⌧ࢀࡿࠋ
࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊ୍᪉ࡢᅜࡢᙳ㡪ຊࡀఙ㛗ࡋࡓࡁࠊ⮬❧ᛶࢆಖࡘࡓࡵࠊࡑࢀࢆ┦ẅࡍࡿࡼ࠺
ࠊࡶ࠺୍᪉ࡢᅜࡢᙳ㡪ຊࢆཷࡅධࢀࡼ࠺ࡍࡿࠋ࠸ࢃࡤࠊ➼㊥㞳እ࡛࠶ࡿ24ࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊ
⮬❧ᛶࢆಖࡘࡓࡵࡢ࣊ࢵࢪࣥࢢゝ࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊ㌷ຊࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࢯࣇࢺ࣭ࣂࣛࣥࢩࣥࢢࡤࢀࡿࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ᡭẁࡀ
ࡽࢀࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡓ࠼ࡤࠊᅜ㝿ไᗘࢆసࡗࡓࡾࠊࡲࡓ᪤Ꮡࡢᅜ㝿ไᗘࡢ࡞࡛ࠊ┦ᡭ
ࢆ≌ไࡋࡓࡾࠊ┦ᡭࡢ⾜ືࢆ⦡ࡾࡅࡓࡾࡍࡿไᗘⓗ࡞ࣂࣛࣥࢩࣥࢢࡤࢀࡿࡶࡢࡀ࠶
ࡿ25ࠋࡓ࠼ࡤࠊARF ࡢሙ࡛ࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝࡞ࡀ୰ᅜࢆ≌ไࡋࡓࡾࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊEAS ࣓
ࣜ࢝ࢆཧຍࡉࡏࠊ୰ᅜࣂࣛࣥࢫࢆࡿ࡞࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊASEANࡀࠊ୰ᅜࡢ㛫ࠊ༡ ࢩࢼᾏࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ⾜ືつ⠊ࢆసࡾࠊ୰ᅜࡢ⾜ືࢆ࣮ࣝࣝ⦡ࡾࡅࡼ࠺ࡍࡿࡢࡶࠊࡑࡢ
࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊᅜ㝿ไᗘࡣࠊㅖᅜ㛫ࡢ༠ຊࢆ㐍ࡵࡿ⨨࡛ࡶ࠶ࡾࠊࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ༠ ㄪ➇தࡀ┦ྜࢃࡉࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊࡑࢀ㛵㐃ࡋ࡚ࠊ┦ᡭࡢຊ㸦asset㸧ࢆẅࡄ࠸࠺negative balancingࢆ⾜ࡍࡿࡇ
ࡶ࠶ࡿ26ࠋࡓ࠼ࡤࠊ࠶ࡿไᗘࡢ୰࡛ࠊ┦ᡭࡢ⾜ືࡢṇᙜᛶࢆྰᐃࡍࡿࡇࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ┦ᡭ ࡢຊࢆẅࡄࡇࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊ┦ᡭࡀぶࡋ࠸㛵ಀࢆᣢࡘᅜࢆࡂྲྀࡾࠊ⮬ᕫࡢ㝕Ⴀ
ࡦࡁࡘࡅࡿࡇࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ┦ᡭࡢຊࢆẅࡄࠊ࠸࠺ࡇࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ୰ᅜ㏆࠸࣑࣐࣮ࣕࣥࢆ
Ẹࡋ࡚ࠊ୰ᅜࡽᘬࡁ㞳ࡍ࠸࠺ࡢࡀࡑࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࠊࢯࣇࢺ࣭ࣂࣛࣥࢩࣥࢢࢿ࢞ࢸࣈ࣭ࣂࣛࣥࢩࣥࢢࡣࠊ࡞ࡾ୍⯡ⓗ
ぢࡽࢀࡿእࣃࢱ࣮࡛ࣥ࠶ࡿࡶゝ࠼ࡿࡀࠊ࣊ࢵࢪࣥࢢࡀ༠ㄪᑐ❧ࡢ᪉ࢆྵࡴࡶࡢ࡛
࠶ࡿࡇࡽࠊ㠀㌷ⓗ࡞㠃࡛ࡢࣂࣛࣥࢩࣥࢢࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࡋ࡚ᚰ␃ࡵ࡚࠾࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞
ࡽ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ
㸳㸬ᅜᐙࡢᨻ⟇
㸦㸯㸧ࣥࢻࢿࢩ
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞᪂ࡋࡃ࡛ࡁࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ⤒῭✵㛫ࠊᏳಖ㞀✵㛫࠾࠸࡚ࠊ࡞ࡾࡢᅜࣥࢻ ኴᖹὒ࠸࠺ᴫᛕࡀࣇࢵࢺࡋ࡚ࡃࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡿࠋࡓ࠼ࡤࠊࣥࢻࢿࢩ࡞ࡣࠊ༡ࢩ ࢼᾏࠊすኴᖹὒࣥࢻὒࢆ⤖ࡪ࣮࡛࢟࠶ࡾࠊࡲࡓ⤒῭ⓗ࡞㛵ಀࡶࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࠊ୰ᅜࠊ
ࣥࢻࡢ㛵ಀࢆᙉࡵࠊ࠸ࢃࡤࠊࢪኴᖹὒࡼࡾࡶࠊ⮬ᅜࡢ⨨࡙ࡅࡋ࡚ࠊࣥࢻኴᖹ ὒࡢ᪉ࡀࡍࢃࡾࡀࡼ࠸ࠋࡣ࠸࠼ࠊࣥࢻࢿࢩࡣࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢࢪኴᖹὒᅇᖐࠊࡑࢀ
ࡶ㌷ⓗ࡞㠃ࡣࠊ࡞ࡾᠱᛕࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࡼࡾᗈࡃゝ࠼ࡤࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࠊ୰ᅜ࡞
ࡢᅜ㛫ࡢᶒຊᨻᩄឤ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ࡞࡛ࠊ⮬ᕫࡢ❧ሙࢆỴࡵࠊ⮬❧ᛶࢆಖࡕࡘࡘࠊ
⛛ᗎᙧᡂ㈉⊩ࡍࡿ࠸࠺ᨻ⟇ࢆᒎ㛤ࡋࡼ࠺27ࠋ୍ࡘࡢᆺⓗ࡞࣊ࢵࢪࣥࢢᡓ␎࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑ ࡋ࡚ࠊእࡽ㸦≉࣓ࣜ࢝࡞ࡽ㸧ࡣࠊ⛛ᗎᙧᡂࢆᕥྑࡍࡿࠕࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ࡞㍈ᅜᐙ global
swing stateࠖ28ࡢᙺࢆᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊࣥࢻࢿࢩࡀࠊẸ⩏ࢆ
☜ࡓࡿࡶࡢࡋࠊ⤒῭ࢆ⮬⏤ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࠸࠺ືྥࡣࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒᆅᇦࡢ⛛ᗎᙧᡂࡢ᪉
ྥࢆỴᐃⓗỴࡵࡿ࠸࠺ࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
㸦㸰㸧ASEAN
ASEANࡶࠊయࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝୰ᅜࡢᅜࡢᑐ❧ࡀASEANධࡾ㎸ࡲࡎࠊ୧⪅
ࡶ㛵ࡋࡘࡘࠊASEANࡢ⮬❧ᛶࢆಖࡕࠊࡉࡽASEAN Wayࢆࡶࡗ࡚ࠊASEANࢆ
㉸࠼ࡓ⛛ᗎࢆసࡗ࡚⾜ࡃ࠸࠺ࡇࢆᡓ␎ࡋࡼ࠺ࠋࡓ࠼ࡤࠊࣥࢻὒᆅᇦ㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊ
ASEAN ࡢ⤒㦂ࢆ⏕ࡋࡓᆅᇦไᗘࢆసࡗ࡚⾜ࡃ࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡛࠶ࡿ29ࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞
ASEANࡢᚿྥᛶࢆ⪃࠼࡚ࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࡁࠊࣥࢼ࣮࣭ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝࡋ࡚ࠊࣥ
ࢻࢿࢩࠊ࣐࣮ࣞࢩࠊࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝ࡞ࡢ༠ຊࢆ⪃࠼ࠊ࢘ࢱ࣮࣭ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝࡋ࡚ࠊ࢜
࣮ࢫࢺࣛࣜࠊࣥࢻࠊ᪥ᮏࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝࡞ࡢ༠ຊࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࠊ࠸࠺ᵓࡶ࠶ࡿ30ࠋ
ࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊASEANࡢಶูࡢᅜࢆぢࡿࠊ࡞ࡾࡢ㐪࠸ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡓ࠼ࡤࠊ୰ᅜ㡿ᅵ⣮
தࢆࡶࡘ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ࣇࣜࣆࣥࡣࠊ୰ᅜࡢ⤒῭ࡑࡢࡢ㛵ಀࢆ⥔ᣢࡋࡘࡘࡶࠊᏳಖ 㞀ୖࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ᙉ࠸㛵ಀࢆసࡾࠊ୰ᅜࡢᙳ㡪ᑐᢠࡋࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝࡶࠊ
࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢᏳಖ㞀㛵ಀࢆᙉࡵࡿ⾜ືࢆࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ࡣࠊTPPࡢ΅ᅜ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ
ࡲࡓࣥࢻᏳಖ㞀ୖࠊ⤒῭ୖࡢ㛵ಀࢆᙉࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୰ᅜᑐࡋ࡚ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ಶูᅜᐙ
ࡼࡿ㐪࠸ࡣࠊASEANࡢ⤫ྜᛶࢆᦂࡾືࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
㸦㸱㸧࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ
࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࡣࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢࢪኴᖹὒᅇᖐࡢࡲࡉ୰ᚰⓗ࡞ᙺࢆᯝࡓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ
ᅜᐙ࡛࠶ࡿࠋゝ࠺ࡲ࡛ࡶ࡞ࡃࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࡣࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ᐦ࡞ࡿᏳಖ㞀㛵ಀࢆ⠏ࡁࠊ ࢲ࣮࣓࢘ࣥࣜ࢝ࡢᾏර㝲ࢆ㥔␃ࡉࡏࠊࡲࡓࢥࢥࢫᓥࢻ࣮ࣟࣥ㸦↓ே㣕⾜ᶵ㸧ࡢᇶ ᆅࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿ࠸࠺ࠋ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࡢ࡞ࡣࠊୡ⏺ࡢ㔜ᚰࡀࠊࢪኴᖹὒࡽࣥ
ࢻኴᖹὒ⛣ࡾࠊࡉࡽࡣࠊࢪኴᖹὒࡢ௦ࡣ⤊ࢃࡾࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡢ௦࡞ࡗࡓ
ࡉ࠼ㄽࡎࡿࡶࡢࡀ࠸ࡿ31ࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡇࡽࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࡣࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢࢪኴ ᖹὒᅇᖐࢆᙉࡃᨭᣢࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦ࡓࡔࠊࣆ࣎ࢵࢺࡢ࠶ࠊ࠸Ᏻᐃࡋࡓᑐ୰㛵ಀࢆ
ᵓ⠏ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࡢㄽࡶᙉࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿ32㸧ࠋ
ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ពぢࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡓ࠼ࡤࠊH.࣍࣡ࢺ33 ࡣࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝୰ᅜࡣࠊᑐ❧࣭➇தࡍࡿࡁ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ࠸ㆡࡾྜࡗ࡚ࠊᨻ⟇Ỵᐃࡢࢩ
࢙ࣜࣥࢢ㸦ࣃ࣮࣭࣡ࢩ࢙ࣜࣥࢢ㸧ࢆࡍࡿࡁ࡛࠶ࡿㄽࡌࠊ⡿୰ࡢᑐ❧ࢆ࠶࠾ࡿࡼ࠺
࡞࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢࢪኴᖹὒᅇᖐ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࡢࡑࢀᑐࡍࡿ༠ຊᙉࡃᑐࡍࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒ࠸࠺ᴫᛕࡣࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࢆࡾࡲࡃᆅᇦࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᆅᇦほࡢ
୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡢᆅᇦほࡶ⪃࠼࡚ࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࡢᨻ⟇ࢆ⪃࠼࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡍࡿ
ㄽ⪅ࡶ࠸ࡿࠋ࣒ࣛࣞࡓࡕ34ࡣࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࡢࣥࢻὒࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᆅᇦほࡣࠊ୕ࡘ࠶
ࡿࡍࡿࠋ୍ࡘࡣࠊࣥࢻὒ㠃ࡍࡿ51ࡢᅜᐙࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⎔ࣥࢻὒᆅᇦ㐃ྜ㸦IOR-ARC㸧
ࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮19 ࢝ᅜࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢᆅᇦほ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᇶᮏⓗࡣእࠊ ࢯࣇࢺ࣭ࣃ࣮࣡ࡀ࡛࠶ࡾࠊỗᆅᇦ⩏⪅ࠊࣜ࣋ࣛࣝ࡞ㄽ⪅ࡼࡗ࡚᧦ㆤࡉࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢ⦰
ᑠ∧ࡀࡘ┠ࡢᆅᇦほ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡣᮾࣥࢻὒࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛ
ࣜࠊࣥࢻࠊࣥࢻࢿࢩࡢ 3 ࢝ᅜࢆ࣮࣋ࢫࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦᪥ᮏࡣࠊࡇࡢᆅᇦほ
࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ࣮࣭࢟ࣉ࣮࣮ࣞࣖࡢ1ࡘࡉࢀࡿ㸧ࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊࢯࣇࢺ࣭ࣃ࣮࣡ࣁ࣮ࢻ࣭ࣃ࣮࣡
ࡢΰࡊࡗࡓᡭẁࢆ࠾࠺ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࢧࣈ࣭࣮ࣜࢪࣙࢼࣝ⩏⪅ࡼࡗ࡚ࡶࡓࢀࠊ
ࣜ࣋ࣛࣝಖᏲࡢㄽ⪅ࡀධࡾΰࡌࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➨ 3 ␒┠ࡢᆅᇦほࡣࠊࣥࢻኴᖹ ὒ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡣࠊఏ⤫ⓗᏳಖ㞀ࣁ࣮ࢻ࣭ࣃ࣮࣡ࡀయ࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⡿༳୰ᚰⓗ࡞
ᆅᇦほ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ୰ᅜࡣᑐ❧ⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿᤊ࠼ࡿࠋಖᏲⓗ࡞ㄽ⪅ࡼ
ࡗ࡚᥎㐍ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ๓⪅ࡣࠊᑐ㇟ࡣ␗࡞ࢀࠊໟᦤⓗ࡛ࠊࢆ㝖 ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡗࡓࡀࠊ➨ 3 ࡢᆅᇦほࡣࠊ㸦୰ᅜ㸧ࢆ㝖ࡍࡿⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ࣒ࣛࣞࡓࡕࡣࠊࡼࡾໟᣓⓗ࡛ࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝୰ᅜࡢ୧᪉ࢆ㝖ࡋ࡞࠸ᆅᇦほᇶ
࡙࠸ࡓᨻ⟇ࢆồࡵࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
㸦㸲㸧ࣥࢻ
ࣥࢻࡣࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒᴫᛕࡢฟ⌧ࡢࡁ࡞ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ᭱ࡢせᅉ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࣥࢻࡣࠊ つᶍ࡛࠸࠼ࡤࠊୡ⏺᭱ࡢẸ⩏యไࡢᅜ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣥࢻࡣࠊ90 ᖺ௦ࡢึࡵࡽ⤒῭ࢆ
⮬⏤ࡋጞࡵࠊࡲࡓඛ㏙ࡓࡼ࠺ࠊLook Eastᨻ⟇ࢆᒎ㛤ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋࣥࢻࡢ⤒῭ࡣ ᡂ㛗ࡋ࡚⾜ࡃࠋࡋࡋࠊ98ᖺ᰾ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࢆጞࡵࡍࡿᅜࠎࡽไࢆཷࡅࡿࠋ ࡋࡋࠊ2000 ᖺ௦ࡢ༙ࡤ࡞ࡿ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢࣈࢵࢩࣗᨻᶒࡣࣥࢻ㏆࡙ࡃᨻ⟇ࢆྲྀࡿࠋ
ࣥࢻࡢཎᏊຊ༠ຊࡢⓎ➃࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡇࢁࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ࡞࡛ࡣࠊ୰ᅜᑐࡍࡿ࣊ࢵ
ࢪࣥࢢㄽࡀฟ⌧ࡋࠊࡲࡓࣥࢻࡢ㛗ᮇⓗ࡞Ⓨᒎࢆぢ㉺ࡋ࡚ࠊ㛗ᮇⓗࠊྎ㢌ࡍࡿ୰ᅜᑐ ࡍࡿ࢝࢘ࣥࢱ࣮࣭࢙࢘ࢺࡋ࡚ࡢࣥࢻࡢᏑᅾࡀὀ┠ࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗࡓ࠸࠼ࡿࠋ
2004 ᖺࡢࢫ࣐ࢺࣛἈࡢᆅ㟈ࡢᩆࡢࡓࡵ࣓ࣜ࢝ࠊ᪥ᮏ࡞ࡢᾏ㌷ࡀ༠ຊࡋࡓࡀࠊ
ࣥࢻᾏ㌷ࡶࡁ࡞ᙺࢆᯝࡓࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࢆ⫼ᬒࡋ࡚ࠊㅖᅜࡣHA/DRࡘ࠸࡚ᾏὒ༠ຊ
ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࠋࡑࡢ࡞࡛ࠊ࠸ࢃࡺࡿ࣓ࣜ࢝ࠊ᪥ᮏࠊࣥࢻࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࡢ 4 ࢝ᅜ༠ຊ ࡢᯟ⤌ࡳ㸦quad㸧ࡀ᳨ウࡉࢀࡿ35ࠋ᪥ᮏࡢᏳಸ㤳┦ࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࡢࣁ࣮࣡ࢻ㤳┦ࡀࠊࣜ
࣮ࢻࡋࡓ࠸࠺ࠋ2007ᖺࡢARFࡢሙࢆࡾ࡚ࠊ4࢝ᅜࡀ⛎ᐦㄯࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡋࡋࠊ
୰ᅜࡀࠊࣥࢻࡢཧຍᙉࡃⓎࡍࡿࠋᨻᶒ௦ࡋࡓ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࡣࠊ2008ᖺࠊࡇࡢQUAD
ࡣཧຍࡋ࡞࠸ࡇࢆỴࡵࠊQUAD ࡢヨࡳࡣ₽࠼ࡓࠋࡋࡋࠊࡑࡢᚋࡶࠊࣥࢻࡣ࣮࢜ࢫ ࢺࣛࣜࠊ᪥ᮏࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝࡞ࡢᾏ㌷ࡢᅜ㛫ࠊከᅜ㛫ࡢඹྠカ⦎࡞ࡢᏳಖ㞀༠ຊ
ࢆ⥆ࡅࡿࠋ2011 ᖺࠊࣥࢻࡣ༡ࢩࢼᾏࡢ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒Ἀ࡛ࠊ▼Ἔ࢞ࢫࡢ᥈⣴ࢆ⾜࠾࠺ࡍࡿ
ࡀࠊ୰ᅜࡀࡇࢀᙉࡃᢠ㆟ࡍࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊࣥࢻࡣࠊࡇࢀᒅࡏࡎࠊࡲࡓࡑࡢ㝿ࢳ࣋ࢵࢺ ᅜቃࡢ㌷ࢆᙉࡋࡓ࠸࠺ࠋࡇࡢࡇࡣࠊࣥࢻࡗ࡚ࡣ㝣࡛ࡢᏳಖ㞀ࡶࡁࢃࡵ࡚㔜 せ࡞ࡇࢆពࡍࡿ㸦ࣥࢻኴᖹὒ࠸࠺ᴫᛕࡣࠊᾏࡢᏳಖ㞀㛵ᚰࢆ㞟୰ࡍࡿࡁࡽ࠸
ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ㝣࡛ࡢᏳಖ㞀ࢆṇ㠃ࡽྲྀࡾୖࡆ࡚࠸࡞࠸࠸࠺ၥ㢟Ⅼࡀ࠶ࡿ㸧ࠋ
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞࡞࡛ࠊࢡࣜࣥࢺࣥᅜົ㛗ᐁࡢࣥࢻኴᖹὒⓎゝࠊࢪኴᖹὒࡢࣆ࣎
ࢵࢺࡀⓎࡏࡉࢀࡿࠋࣥࢻࡣࠊࡇࡢࣥࢻኴᖹὒᡓ␎ࡾࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡸ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ
࡞ࡢᏳಖ㞀༠ຊࢆࡉࡽᙉࡵࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊࣥࢻࡢ࡞ࡣࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࣥࢻኴ ᖹὒᡓ␎㛵ࡋ࡚୕ࡘࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿ࠸࠺36ࠋ୍ࡘࡣࠊࡇࡢࣥࢻኴᖹὒᴫᛕࢆ᥎ࡋ 㐍ࡵࡼ࠺ࡍࡿ⪃࠼࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡣᚑ᮶ࡽࡢ㠀ྠ┕ᨻ⟇ࢆඞ᭹ࡋࠊࣥࢻࢆᑐ୰ᅜࡢ
ぞᶒ㐃ྜࡢ࡞⨨࡙ࡅࡼ࠺ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡘࡣࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⪃࠼᪉ᑐࡋࠊ 㠀ྠ┕ᨻ⟇ࢆ⥆ࡅࠊ⌧ᅾࡇࡢᆅᏑᅾࡍࡿࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ከࡃࡢᅜࢆྵࡴከゅⓗ࡞ㅖไᗘࢆά
⏝ࡍࡿࡇࡇࡑࡀࠊ࣋ࢫࢺࡢᨻ⟇࡛࠶ࡿㄽࡎࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୕ࡘࡣࠊࡇࡢࡘࡢ୰㛫ࠊ
࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡽࡘࡢせ⣲ࢆేࡏᣢࡗࡓᡓ␎࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊࠕከඖⓗ࡞ࠊ㛤ࢀࡓࠊໟ ᦤⓗ࡞Ᏻಖ㞀࣮࢟ࢸࢡࢳ࣮ࣕࠖࡤࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒ࠸࠺
ᴫᛕࢆ࠸ࡘࡘࠊᡓ␎ⓗ⮬❧ᛶࢆಖࡕ࡞ࡀࡽ㸦ࣥࢻࡣࠊ⡿୰᥋㏆ࢆ༴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠸࠺37㸧ࠊ ከᵝ࡞ၥ㢟ࢆゎỴࡍࡿከᵝ࡞ᆅᇦ࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫ࣭࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ᆅᇦⓗ࡞Ᏻᐃࢆᅗࡾࠊ
࣮࢟࡞ࡿ㈠᫆ࠊᢞ㈨ࡢࣜࣥࢣ࣮ࢪࢆసࡾฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠊ࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ38ࠋ
㸦㸳㸧୰ᅜ
୰ᅜࡣࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢࣆ࣎ࢵࢺࠊࡲࡓࣥࢻኴᖹὒᴫᛕࡢ⏕ᡂࡢࡁ࡞せᅉ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୰ᅜ ࡣࠊ78 ᖺ௨᮶ࠊ㒭ᑠᖹࡢᣦᑟࡢୗࠊᨵ㠉㛤ᨺࢆࡍࡍࡵࠊࡲࡓእᡓ␎ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㡗ග㣴ᬉ
ࢆᥖࡆࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊࡀ᮶ࡿࡲ࡛ࠊᑐእⓗጼໃࢆపࡃࡋⰋዲ࡞㛵ಀࢆ⥔ᣢࡋࡘࡘࠊᅜ ෆ࡛ࡢ⤒῭Ⓨᒎࢆᅗࡿࠊ࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᡓ␎ࡢࡶ࡛ࠊ୰ᅜࡣ୕༑᭷వᖺࠊ 㧗ᗘࡢ⤒῭ᡂ㛗ࢆ㐙ࡆࠊࡲࡓ㌷ⓗࡶ୍ᙉᅜ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ2008 ᖺࡢ࣮࣐࣭ࣜࣥ
ࢩࣙࢵࢡ௨᮶ࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ⤒῭ⓗ࡞ᅔ㞴ࡉࢆぢࡘࡘࠊ⮬ᅜࡢᅜࡋ࡚ࡢࡁࡉࢆㄆ㆑ࡋࠊ ༡ࢩࢼᾏࠊᮾࢩࢼᾏ࡛ࠊࢯࣇࢺ࡞ᲨᲬእ࡛ࡶゝ࠼ࡿ⾜ືࢆྲྀࡾጞࡵࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ᰾ᚰⓗ
┈࠸࠺ᴫᛕࢆᣢࡕฟࡋࠊࡑࢀࢆྎ‴ࠊࢳ࣋ࢵࢺࠊ᪂ࡽࠊ༡ࢩࢼᾏࡲ࡛ᗈࡆࡿໃ࠸
ࢆ♧ࡍࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ୰ᅜࡣ㡗ග㣴ᬉ࠸࠺ཎ๎ࢆ㒊ศⓗ࡛ࡶኚ࠼ࡓࡢࡣ࡞࠸ࠊ⪃࠼ࡽ
ࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞㇟ࡀࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢࢪኴᖹὒࡢࣆ࣎ࢵࢺࡢࡁ࡞せ ᅉ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡣ࠸࠼ࠊ୰ᅜࡢ᭱㧗࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢࣆ࣎ࢵࢺᑐࡍࡿᛂࡣࠊ㐣⃭
࡞ࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ୰ᅜࡽⓎࡏࡽࢀࡿᛂࡣࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡣࠊ୰ᅜࡢⓎᒎࢆࡋࠊⰋ ዲ࡞㛵ಀࢆ⥔ᣢࡍࡿゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡋࠊࣆ࣎ࢵࢺࡣࡑࡢ࡞࡛ࡢ⡿ᅜࡢᡓ␎ⓗ࡞⦅ᡂ࡛࠶
ࡿᤊ࠼ࡿࢫࢸ࣮ࢺ࣓ࣥࢺࡀ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ୰ᅜࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞ᡓ␎ࡣࠊᅜ㝿ⓗⰋዲ
࡞㛵ಀࢆ⥔ᣢࡋࠊࡑࡢ࡞࡛⤒῭Ⓨᒎࢆᅗࡿ࠸࠺ࡇ࡛ࠊኚࡣ࡞࠸࠸࠺༳㇟ࢆཷࡅ
ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ39ࠋࡣ࠸࠼ࠊ୰ᅜࡢ㌷ቑᙉࡣࡲࡿẼ㓄ࡣࡲࡗࡓࡃ࡞࠸ࡋࠊࡲࡓ⾜ືࡶ
ኚࡢᵝ┦ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ
ࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞࣓ࢹぢࡽࢀࡿᛂࡣࠊᙉ࠸ࡶࡢࡀከࡃぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ୍ࡘ ࡣࠊ࠸ࡘࡶࡢࡇ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢࢪኴᖹὒࡢࣆ࣎ࢵࢺࡣࠊᑐ୰ໟᅖ⥙ࡢᙉ
ᣑ࡛࠶ࡿࠊゝࡗ࡚㠀㞴ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࣆ࣎ࢵࢺࡣࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢࢪኴᖹ ὒᨭ㓄ࡢᙉ࡛࠶ࡿࠊㄽࡎࡿࡶࡢࡶ࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡣࠊ⤒῭ⓗ࡞ᅔ㞴┤㠃ࡋ
࡚࠾ࡾࠊእᑐࡋ࡚ฟ࡚ࡃࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᅜෆࡢၥ㢟ࢆඛ∦ࡅࡿࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ
ࣆ࣎ࢵࢺ༠ຊࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᅜࠊ⡿୰ࡢ⣮தᕳࡁ㎸ࡲࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࢆᣦࡋࠊศ᩿ࢆᅗࡿ
࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ㄽㄪࡶぢࡽࢀࡿࠋࡓࡔࠊᮏ✏ࡢࢸ࣮࣐࡛࠶ࡿࣥࢻኴᖹὒ࠸࠺ᴫᛕࡘ࠸࡚
ࡣࠊࢇゐࢀࡿࡇࡀ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
㸦㸴㸧࣓ࣜ࢝
ᨻ⟇ࡢ࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡢⅆࡅᙺࡣ࣓࡛ࣜ࢝࠶ࡿࠋࡍ࡛㏙ࡓࡼ࠺ࠊࢡ
ࣜࣥࢺࣥᅜົ㛗ᐁࡣࠊ2010 ᖺ10᭶ࡢ࣍ࣀ࡛ࣝࣝࡢ₇ㄝ࡛ࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒ㸦ࡼࡾṇ☜ࡣࠊ
Indo-Pacific basin㸧࠸࠺ゝⴥࢆࡗࡓࠋ₇ㄝࡢ㢟ࡣࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡀ࠸ࢪኴᖹὒ
㛵ᚰࢆᢪࡁࠊࢪኴᖹὒㅖᅜ༠ຊࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡃ࠸࠺ࡇ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᇶᮏⓗ࡞ࢩࣥ࣎
ࣝࡣࢪኴᖹὒ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊ₇ㄝࡢ࡞࡛ࠊࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝࠊࣇࣜࣆࣥࠊࢱࠊࢽ
࣮ࣗࢪ࣮ࣛࣥࢻࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࡢᏳಖ㞀ୖࡢ༠ຊゐࢀࡓᚋࠊࣥࢻᾏ㌷ࡢ༠ຊ ࡢᣑࢆᣦࡋࠊࡑࡢ⌮⏤ࡋ࡚ࣥࢻኴᖹὒ㸦Indo-Pacific basin㸧ࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ࡞㈠᫆
ࡢ㔜せᛶࢆᣦࡋࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺ぢࡿࠊࢡࣜࣥࢺࣥᅜົ㛗ᐁࡣࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒ
ࢆࡇࡉࡽࣉ࣮ࣞࢵࣉࡋࡼ࠺ࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࢪኴᖹὒᨻ⟇ࡢ୍㒊ࡋ࡚ゝࡗࡓ
㐣ࡂ࡞࠸ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊࡑࡢ๓ࡶࡑࡢᚋࡶࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡣࠊࣥࢻࡢ㛵ಀࢆᙉࡵࠊ
ࡲࡓࣥࢻᾏ㌷ࡢඹྠ₇⩦ࡶከࡃ⾜࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࣥࢻ㸦ࡑ ࡋ࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏ㸧ࡢᾏ㌷ࡢ༠ຊࡣᐦ࡞ࡿࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ2011ᖺࡽ2012ᖺࡅ࡚ࠊ࣓
ࣜ࢝ࡣࠊ࠸ࢃࡺࡿࢪኴᖹὒࡢࣆ࣎ࢵࢺࢆᒎ㛤ࡍࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢ࡞࡛ࠊࢪኴᖹὒࡢ ༡ࡢ㒊ศࡀ㔜どࡉࢀࡓࡇࡣ☜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ2011ᖺ11᭶ࠊࢡࣜࣥࢺࣥᅜົ㛗ᐁࡣࠊࢪኴ
ᖹὒ㸦Asia-Pacific㸧ࢆࠊࣥࢻள㝣ࡽ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢすᾏᓊࡲ࡛ࢆᣦࡋࠊࡑࢀࡽࡣࣥࢻὒ
ኴᖹὒࡢࡘࡢὒࡼࡗ࡚⤖ࡧࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠊ㏙࡚࠸ࡿ40ࠋࢪኴᖹὒࡢࣆ࣎ࢵ
ࢺࡣࠊᡓ␎ⓗࠊ㌷ⓗ࡞Ⰽᙬࡢ⃰࠸ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡀᥖࡆࡓ༳ࡣࠊࡇࡢ ᆅ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ࣮࣭࣮ࣝࣝ࣋ࢫࡢ⮬⏤࡞⛛ᗎᙧᡂࡑࡢ⥔ᣢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡁࡢ⤫㡿Ᏻಖ 㞀ᢸᙜ⿵బᐁࡢ T.ࢻࢽࣟࣥࡣࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ㌷ⓗ࡞ᒎ㛤ࡶࠊ⤒῭ศ㔝࡛ࡢ࣮ࣝࣝᙧ ᡂࠊࡲࡓ⣮தࡢᖹⓗゎỴ࡞ࡢࠊ࣮ࣝࣝࡢᙧᡂࢆᙉࡃᙇࡍࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ41ࠋ
ࡓࡔࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ᨻᗓࡢእ࡛ࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒࢆࡵࡄࡗ࡚ࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞㆟ㄽࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒᴫᛕࢆಁ㐍ࡋࡼ࠺ࡍࡿ⪃࠼᪉ࢆ᳨ウࡋ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠋ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ࡞
࡛ࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒᴫᛕࢆ᥎㐍ࡋࡼ࠺ࡍࡿࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ⤒῭ࠊᡓ␎ࡣࡶࡕࢁࢇࡢࡇ
ࠊẸ⩏ࣜ࣋ࣛࣝ࡞⛛ᗎࢆ㔜どࡍࡿࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࠋࢡࣜࣥࢺࣥᅜົ㛗ᐁࡢ 2010ᖺ10᭶ࡢࢫࣆ࣮ࢳࡢ๓ࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒᴫᛕࢆࡗࡓࡶࡢࡋ࡚ࠊD.ࢺ࣡ࢽࣥࢢ ࡀ࠸ࡿࠋᙼࡣࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢຊࡢ┦ᑐⓗ࡞పୗࠊࡑࢀẚࡋ࡚ࡢ୰ᅜࡢ⤒῭ࠊ㌷ࡢྎ㢌ࢆ
ぢ࡚ࠊᑗ᮶ࡢᆅᇦ⛛ᗎࡀᏳᐃ࡞ࡾࠊ୰ᅜࡀᨭ㓄ⓗ࡞ࡿࡇࢆᠱᛕࡋࠊࢪࡢẸ
⩏ᅜࡀ㐃ྜࢆసࡾࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸⛛ᗎࠊࣜ࣋ࣛࣝ࡞⛛ᗎࢆసࡿࡁ࡛࠶ࡿㄽࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ
࡛ࡣࠊࣥࢻࡀࡁ࡞ᙺࢆᯝࡓࡍࡣࡎ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࢆྵࡵࠊᙼࡣࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒࣃ࣮ࢺ ࢼ࣮ゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ42ࠋࡲࡓࠊẸ⩏ࡸࣜ࣋ࣛࣝ࡞⛛ᗎࡢ⥔ᣢࢆṇ㠃ࡽၐ࠼ࠊࣥࢻኴᖹ
ὒࢆ㔜どࡍࡿࡶࡢࡣࡶ࠸ࡃࡘ࠶ࡿࠋࢺ࣡ࢽࣥࢢࡣࠊGerman Marshall Fund of the
United Statesᡤᒓࡍࡿࡀࠊ࣊ࣜࢸ࣮ࢪ㈈ᅋࡶࡑࢀ㏆࠸⪃࠼ࢆᥦฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࣊ࣜࢸ࣮ࢪ
㈈ᅋࡢ୍ࡘࡢሗ࿌᭩ࡣࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡢᡓ␎ⓗࠊ⤒῭ⓗ㔜せᛶࢆᣦࡋࠊࡉࡽẸⓗ࢞
ࣂࢼࣥࢫᩚྜⓗ࡞⛛ᗎࢆసࡿࡓࡵࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࠊࣥࢻࡢ༠ຊࢆッ࠼
ࡿ43ࠋᙼࡽࡢゝ࠺ࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡣࠊࣥࢻὒすኴᖹὒࡢᆅᇦࢆᣦࡋࠊࢪኴᖹὒࡣࠊᮾ
ࢪኴᖹὒࢆᣦࡍ44ࠋ
ࣥࢻኴᖹὒᴫᛕࢆ࠸࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡼࡾᏳಖ㞀ᡓ␎ⓗ࡞ḟඖ╔┠ࡍࡿࡢࡀ M.࣮࢜ࢫࣜ
࡛ࣥ࠶ࡿ45ࠋ࣮࢜ࢫࣜࣥࡣࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒࢆࢥࣔࣥࢬᤊ࠼ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊᑗ᮶ࡶࡍ࡚ࡢᅜ ࡀࡑࢀ⮬⏤ࢡࢭࢫ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺ࡍࡿࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࡍࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࡢࢥࣔࣥࢬࡢ࡞
ࡢ⣮தࢆண㜵ࡋࠊᑒࡌ㎸ࡵࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࡢಙ㢗࡛ࡁࡿ㌷ຊࢆ⥔ᣢࡍࡿࠋࣥࢻኴᖹὒ
࡛ࠊ࡛࣮ࣜ࣋ࣛࣝ࢜ࣉࣥ࡞ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆ⥔ᣢࡋࠊࣜ࣋ࣛࣝ࡞Ẹ⩏ࢆᣑࡍࡿࠊ࠸࠺ෆ ᐜࢆᣢࡘࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࢥࣔࣥࢬᣮᡓࡋࡼ࠺ࡍࡿࡢࡣࠊ୰ᅜ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ
ࡿࠋẸ⩏ㅖᅜࡢྠ┕ࠊᏳಖ㞀༠ຊࢆၐ࠼ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ᭱⤊ⓗ࡞┠ⓗࠊࡲࡓᡓ
␎ࡣࠊ⮬⏤࡞⛛ᗎࠊࢥࣔࣥࢬࡢ⥔ᣢᏳᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࡍࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡓࡔࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࣜࣥࡣࠊ
ࣥࢻὒࡽすኴᖹὒ↔Ⅼࢆᙜ࡚࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᙼࡢࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡢᐃ⩏ࡣࠊࠕࢩ࣋
ࣜࡢ༡ࡽ༡ࠊ᪥ᮏࠊᮅ㩭༙ᓥࠊ୰ᅜᮏᅵࠊᮾ༡ࢪࠊ࢜ࢭࢽࡢ㝣ᾏࠊࡑࡋ
࡚ࣥࢻࡘ࡞ࡀࡿᗈ࡞⎔㸦arc㸧࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࡍࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ46ࠋ
࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ࡞࡛ࠊࣥࢻὒ╔┠ࡋࡓ㆟ㄽࢆᒎ㛤ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡢࡣ R.࢝ࣉ࡛ࣛࣥ࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ
࢝ࣉࣛࣥࡣࠊࠗMonsoon࠘㸦2011㸧47ࠊࠗThe Revenge of Geography࠘㸦2012㸧48࡛ࠊᾏὒࠊࡑࢀ
ࡶ≉ࣥࢻὒࢆ୰ᚰࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ⤒῭ⓗࠊᡓ␎ⓗ㔜せᛶࢆᣦࡋࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢຊࡀᙅࡲ
ࡾࠊࣥࢻὒࡀከᴟࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠊᾏὒࡢᏳᐃࡀᔂࢀࠊ⤒῭ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࣜ࣋ࣛࣝ࡞ᅜ 㝿ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀᔂࢀࡿࡇࢆ៧៖ࡋࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢᾏ㌷ຊࡢ⥔ᣢࠊᙉࠊࡢࣜ࣋ࣛࣝ࡞ᅜ
ࡢ༠ຊࢆၐ࠼ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᙼࡢࣥࢻὒࡢᐃ⩏ࡣࠊᮾ㒊ࣇࣜ࢝ࡽࣥࢻὒࢆ⤒࡚ࠊ
ࣥࢻࢿࢩࡘ࡞ࡀࡿᗈ࡞ᆅᇦࢆᣦࡍࠋᙼࡣࠊࣥࢻὒࡶࠊኴᖹὒࢪ
࠸࠺ゝⴥࢆ࠺ࡀࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒ࠸࠺ゝⴥࡶࡲࢀࡣ࠺49ࠋᙼࡣࠊࡘࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ᾏ
㌷Ⰴ⯲ࡢᩘࡀ⦰ᑠࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆ༴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ෭ᡓᮇࡣࠊ600㞘ࡢⰄ⯲ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ ࡀࠊ࠸ࡲ࡛ࡣࠊ300㞘ࢆୗᅇࡾࠊࡉࡽῶᑡࡋ࡚⾜ࡃྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡶࡋࡑ࠺࡞ࢀࡤࠊᾏὒ ࡢᏳᐃࡣࡁࡃᔂࢀࠊ㏻ၟࡑࡢࡢ⤒῭ὶࢆ࠸ᦆ࡞࠺50ࠋᙼࡣࠊ୰ᅜࡢྎ㢌ࡀ࿘㎶ㅖ ᅜࢆࣇࣥࣛࣥࢻࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇࢆ༴ࡋࡘࡘࠊᑗ᮶ീࡋ࡚ࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢᡓ␎ࡋ࡚ࠊ す༙⌫౫ᣐࡋࠊຊࢆࢪᢞᑕࡋࠊࣂࣛࣥࢧ࣮ࠊㄪᩚ⪅ࡋ࡚ࡢᙺࢆᯝࡓࡍࡁ࡛࠶
ࡿㄽࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
㸴㸬᪥ᮏ 㸦㸯㸧Ᏻಸእ
᪥ᮏࡣࠊᾏὒᅜᐙ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࢪኴᖹὒࡢす⨨ࡋࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ㏻ၟ㛵ಀࡣࠊᗈࡃࢪࠊ
ࣥࢻཬࡪࠋᾏὒࡢᏳᐃࠊࡲࡓ⤒῭㛵ಀࡢ㐍ᒎࡣ᪥ᮏࡗ࡚ᚲ㡲࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏࡢ㈠᫆
ࡣࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝୰ᅜࡀ➨1ࠊ2ࢆத࠸ࠊ᪥ᮏࡣࡲࡉࢪኴᖹὒࡢ┿ࢇ୰࠸ࡿゝࡗ
࡚ࡼ࠸ࠋ᪥ᮏࡣࠊ୰ᅜࡢ⤒῭㛵ಀࢆࡲࡍࡲࡍ㧗ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿྠࠊ᪉࡛ࡣ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ
ྠ┕ᅜ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㏆ᖺ࡛ࡣࠊ୰ᅜࡢᾏὒ㐍ฟࡢᅽຊࢆࡲࡶཷࡅࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗࡓࠋᑤ㛶࡛
࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊࡡࡌࢀⓗ࡞ᵓ㐀ࢆᙉࡃᣢࡘࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞࡞࡛ࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢኴᖹὒࣆ
࣎ࢵࢺࡣࠊḼ㏄ࡍࡁࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᏳಖ㞀ୖࡶࡑ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢᆅᇦ࡛ࠊ࣮࣭ࣝࣝ࣋
࣮ࢫ࡛ࠊࣜ࣋ࣛࣝ࡞⛛ᗎࢆసࡗ࡚⾜ࡃ࠸࠺ᡓ␎ࡣࠊ࠸ඹ᭷࡛ࡁࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ㛵ᚰࡣࠊ⤒῭ࡏࡼࠊᏳಖ㞀ࡏࡼࠊࢪኴᖹὒ࠶ࡿゝࡗ
࡚ࡼ࠸ࠋࡣ࠸࠼ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ▼ἜࡣࣥࢻὒࢆΏࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࠋࣥࢻὒࡀ࣒࣍ࣝࢬᾏᓙ࣐ࣛ
ࢵ࢝ᾏᓙ࠸࠺ࡘࡢࢳ࣮ࣙࢡ࣭࣏ࣥࢺࢆᣢࡕࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ⤒῭ࡗ࡚Ṛάⓗ㔜せ࡛࠶
ࡿࡇࡣᗈࡃㄆ㆑ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᅜྠᵝࠊᑗ᮶ࡢᡂ㛗ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࠊࣥࢻࡢFTA ࡣࠊᚋ㔜せ࡞ࡶࡢ࡞ࡗ࡚⾜ࡃ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࡲࡓࠊࣥࢻࡀARFࠊEASࠊCREP࡞Ᏻಖ 㞀ࠊ⤒῭ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢከゅⓗ࡞ไᗘࡢ୍ဨ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡇࡢᆅࡢ⛛ᗎࡢᙧᡂࡸ⥔ᣢࡗ࡚㔜せ
࡞࣓ࣥࣂ࣮࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡶᐇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊ᪥ᮏࡢᾏୖ⮬⾨㝲ࡣࠊࣥࢻᾏ㌷ඹྠ₇
⩦ࡍࡿࡢࡀ㏻࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏࡀࠊᮾࢪᒓࡋࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡸ⡿ࠊ୰༡⡿ࡢᅜ
ኴᖹὒࢆᣳࢇ࡛᥋ࡋࠊ༡ᮾ༡ࢪࡢᅜࠎᐦ᥋࡞㛵ಀࢆࡶࡘ࠸࠺ࢪኴᖹὒ
⨨ࡋࠊࡋࡋࠊࡲࡍࡲࡍࣥࢻὒࡢᕪࢆ῝ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡣ☜࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ
2007 ᖺࠊᏳಸ㤳┦ࡣࠊ⮬⏤⦾ᰤࡢᘼࢆၐ࠼ࠊࣥࢻࡢᡓ␎ⓗࢢ࣮ࣟࣂ࣭ࣝࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ
࣮ࢩࢵࣉࢆ⤖ࡧࠊࡑࢀࢆ⮬⏤⦾ᰤࡢᘼࡢせㄽࡌࡓ51ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࠕ᪥ᮏࣥࢻࡀ⤖ࡧࡘ ࡃࡇࡼࡗ࡚ࠊࠕᣑࢪࠖࡣ⡿ᅜࡸᕞࢆᕳࡁ㎸ࡳࠊኴᖹὒᇦࡲ࡛ཬࡪᗈ࡞ࢿ
ࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡᡂ㛗ࡍࡿ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࠖ㏙࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࠕኴᖹὒࣥࢻὒࡣࠊࡸ⮬⏤
ࡢᾏࠊ⦾ᰤࡢᾏࡋ࡚ࠊ୍ࡘࡢࢲࢼ࣑ࢵࢡ࡞⤖ྜࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋᚑ᮶ࡢᆅ⌮ⓗቃ
⏺ࢆ✺ࡁ◚ࡿࠕᣑࢪࠖࡀࠊ᫂░࡞ᙧࢆ⌧ࡋࡘࡘ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠖ㏙࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡍ࡛㏙ࡓࡼ࠺ࠊᏳಸ㤳┦ࡣࠊ2007ᖺࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࠊ᪥ᮏࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࠊ
ࣥࢻࡢ༠ຊࠊࡍ࡞ࢃࡕQUADࢆ㐍ࡵࡼ࠺ࡍࡿࡀࠊ୰ᅜࡢᑐ࡛₽࠼ࡿࠋ
Ᏻಸ୕ࡣࠊ2012ᖺࠊ11᭶ࡢ⥲㑅ᣲ๓᭩࠸ࡓ࠸࠺ࠊAsia’s Democratic Security Diamond
ࢆⓎ⾲ࡍࡿ52ࠋࡇࡢ࡞࡛Ᏻಸࡣࠊ୰ᅜࡢ㐍ฟᑐࡍࡿᠱᛕࢆ♧ࡋࠊ༡ࢩࢼᾏࡣࠕிࡢ†ࠖ
࡞ࡾࡡ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞࡞࡛ࠊ᪥⡿ྠ┕ࢆ୰ᚰࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝㸦ࣁ࣡㸧ࠊ᪥
ᮏࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࠊࣥࢻࢆ⤖ࡪᅄゅᙧࢆẸ⩏ࡢᏳಖ㞀ࡢࢲࣔࣥࢻࡧࠊ ࡉࡽࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫࠊࢠࣜࢫࡢ༠ຊࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࢠࣜࢫࠊ࣐࣮ࣞࢩࠊ ࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࠊࢽ࣮ࣗࢪ࣮ࣛࣥࢻࡽᵓᡂࡉࢀࡿ 5 ࢝ᅜ㜵⾨ྲྀࡾỴࡵ
ࡶຍࢃࡾࡓ࠸ࡶ㏙ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ୰ᅜࡣ㛵ಀࢆᨵၿࡋ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡣ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࡀࠊࡲࡎࡣኴᖹ ὒࡢ࠸ࡲ୍ࡘࡢഃᐦ᥋࡞㛵ಀࢆసࡗ࡚⾜࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ㄽࡎࡿࠋ
ࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ㤳┦࡞ࡗࡓ࠶ࠊ2013ᖺ1᭶18᪥ࠊࣥࢻࢿࢩ࡛⾜࠺ணᐃ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠕ㛤
ࢀࡓࠊᾏࡢᜨࡳ̿̿᪥ᮏእࡢ᪂ࡓ࡞5ཎ๎ࠖ࠸࠺₇ㄝࡢཎ✏53ࢆぢࡿࠊᏳಸࡢእᡓ
␎ࡀࡉࡽ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊࣥࢻὒኴᖹὒࡢࡘࡢᾏࡢࢃࡿࡇࢁࢆ⪃࠼ࠊ ࡑࡢᏳᐃࡢࡓࡵࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࠊࣥࢻࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࡢ⤖ࡧࡘࡁࢆ㐍ࡵࡿ㏙ࡿࠋ
ࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏእࡢ5ࡘࡢཎ๎ࢆᥦ♧ࡍࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ➨1ࡣࠊ2ࡘࡢᾏࡀ⤖ࡧྜ࠺ࡇࡢᆅ
࠾࠸࡚ࠊゝㄽࡢ⮬⏤࡞ࡢᬑ㐢ⓗ࡞౯್ࡀ༑࡞ࡿࡇࠊ➨ 2 ࠊᾏࡣࢥࣔࣥࢬ࡛࠶
ࡾࠊἲ࣮ࣝࣝࡀᨭ㓄ࡍࡿࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࠊ➨3ࡣࠊ⮬⏤࡛࣮࢜ࣉࣥ࡞⤒῭࡛࠶ࡿ㸦➨4 ࡣࠊᩥࡢࡘ࡞ࡀࡾࠊ➨5ࡣࠊᮍ᮶ࢆᢸ࠺ୡ௦ࡢὶ㸧ࠋ
ࡑࡢ 1 㐌㛫ᚋࠊᏳಸࡣ࣡ࢩࣥࢺࣥࠊD.C.ࡢ CSIS ࡛ࠊࠕ᪥ᮏࡣᡠࡗ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠖ࠸࠺ᨻ
⟇ࢫࣆ࣮ࢳࢆ⾜࠺54ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᙼࡣࠊඛ㏙ࡓࡼ࠺ࠊࢪ࣭ኴᖹὒᆅᇦࠊࣥࢻ࣭ኴ ᖹὒᆅᇦࢆ୪ิࡉࡏࠊࡇࡢᆅ࠾ࡅࡿ⤒῭ศ㔝࠾ࡅࡿ࣮ࣝࣝࡢࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢱ࣮ࠊᾏὒ࡞
ࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂ࣭ࣝࢥࣔࣥࢬࡢᏲㆤ⪅ࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࠊ㡑ᅜࠊᕞ࡞ࡢẸ⩏ᅜࡢ༠ຊࢆ᪥
ᮏࡢᙺࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᑤ㛶㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡀ᪥ᮏࡢᶒୗ࠶ࡿ㡿ᅵ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ
ࡣ᫂☜࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡋࡋࠊ୰ᅜࡣࠕᡓ␎ⓗᜨ㛵ಀࠖࢆ㐍ࡵࡓ࠸㏙ࡿࠋ
௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ᏻಸࡢㄆ㆑ᡓ␎ᛮ⪃ࡣࠊᮏ✏࡛᫂ࡽࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡼ࠺࡞ᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ࣥࢻ ኴᖹὒㄽ㌶ࢆ୍ࡍࡿࡇࢁࡀࡁ࠸ࠋ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊᏳಸࡢ⪃࠼ࡣࡴࡋࢁඛ㥑ⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛
࠶ࡗࡓ55ࠋ
ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊ᪥ᮏࡗ࡚ࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒ࠸࠺ࡃࡃࡾࡣࠊ࡞ࡌࡳࡀⷧࡃࠊࡨࢇࡇ࡞࠸
ࡇࢁࡀࡁ࠸࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡣࠊᮅ㩭༙ᓥࠊ᪥ᮏࡽࠊኴᖹὒࠊᮾ༡ࢪࠊ
ࣥࢻࠊࣥࢻὒ⮳ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿゝࡗ࡚ࡶࠊⱝᖸ㐪ឤࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊከศࠊࣥ
ࢻኴᖹὒࡢㄒឤࡀࠊኴᖹὒࡢ༡ࡽࣥࢻὒࢆ࢝ࣂ࣮ࡍࡿࡶࡢࡢ༳㇟ࢆ࠼ࡿࡽࡶ
ࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏࡗ࡚ࡣࠊࢪኴᖹὒࢆ୰ᚰ⪃࠼ࠊࡑࢀ㐃࡞ࡿ㔜せ
࡞ᆅᇦࡋ࡚ࠊࣥࢻὒࠊ༡ࢪࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࠊ࠸࠺᪉ࡀ⮬↛࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋᏳಸࡀࢪኴ ᖹὒࣥࢻኴᖹὒࢆ୪ิⓗ୪ࡓࡢࡣࡑࢀࡺ࠼ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࡑࡢࡇࡣࠊ㏆
ᖺࡢࢪኴᖹὒࡢᐃ⩏ࠊࡲࡓࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡢᐃ⩏▩┪ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ
㸦㸰㸧ᨻ⟇ᥦゝ
᭱ᚋࠊᮏ✏࡛ࡢ⪃ᐹࡶ࡙࠸࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏእࡘ࠸࡚ⱝᖸࡢᥦゝࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡳࡓ࠸ࠋ
࣭࣮࣭࣮ࣝࣝ࣋ࢫࡢ⛛ᗎࠊἲࡢᨭ㓄ࡼࡿ⛛ᗎᙧᡂࢆ᭱ᡓ␎ࡍࡿࡇࠋ
࣭ᑤ㛶ࡶࡇࡢ࣮࣭࣮ࣝࣝ࣋ࢫἲࡢᨭ㓄㸦⣮தࡢᖹⓗゎỴࢆྵࡴ㸧ࡢࡶ࡛ࠊᑤ㛶ࡣ
࠸ࡶ࡞ࡃ᪥ᮏࡢ㡿ᅵ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆᙇࡍࡿࡇࠋ
࣭᪥⡿ྠ┕ࢆᶵ㍈ࡍࡿࡇࢆ᫂☜ࡋࠊ᪥⡿㛫࡛ᡓ␎ࡢඹ㏻⌮ゎࢆࡘࡡಖࡕࠊᨻ⟇
࠾࠸࡚༠ㄪࠊㄪᩚࢆᛰࡽ࡞࠸ࡇࠋࡲࡓࠊ᪥ᮏࡢᙺศᢸࡘ࠸࡚ࡶㄪᩚࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ✚ᴟⓗ
ቑࡍࡿࡇࠋ
࣭࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢࢪኴᖹὒࣆ࣎ࢵࢺࢆᨭᣢࡋࠊࡑࡢᐇ⾜࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅ༠ຊࡍࡿࡇࠋ
࣭࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜࠊ㡑ᅜࠊࣥࢻ࡞ࡢẸ⩏ᅜࡢᏳಖ㞀༠ຊࢆྵࡵ࡚ࠊ༠ຊࢆ῝
ࡉࡏ࡚⾜ࡃࡇࠋ
࣭Ᏻಖ㞀༠ຊࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࡁࠊ┦ᡭࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࢆ༑ศ⪃៖ࡋࡘࡘ⾜
࠺ࡇࠋ≉ࠊASEANࡢᅜࠎࡣࠊ⮬❧ᛶࡢ⥔ᣢࠊࡲࡓᅜࡢᙳ㡪ຊࡽ㊥㞳ࢆࡿࡇࢆ
ᇶᮏᡓ␎ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊៅ㔜࡞ᨻ⟇ᒎ㛤ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
࣭༠ຊࡣࠊᅜ㛫ࠊᑡᩘᅜ㛫ࠊከᅜ㛫࡞ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ᙧែࢆᰂ㌾⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡿࡇࡀᚲ せ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࠋ
࣭᪥⡿ྠ┕ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊ᪥ࠊ⡿ࠊ༳ࠊࡢ 4 ࢝ᅜࡢ༠ຊࡣࠊࡽぢࢀࡤⓗ࡞せ⣲ࢆ
ࡶࡘぢࡽࢀࡿࡇࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡇࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ༠ຊࡢ┠ⓗࡀࠊᆅᇦయࡢ┠
ⓗ㸦බ┈㸧ࡢಁ㐍࠶ࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡋࡘࡘࠊࡑࢀຍ࠼࡚ࠊໟᦤⓗ࡞ไᗘࢆ࠸ࠊⓗ࡞
ពᅗࢆࡶࡘࡶࡢ࡛࡞࠸ࡇࢆᐇ㊶ⓗ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
࣭ࣥࢻኴᖹὒㄽࡣࠊ㛵㐃ࡍࡿㅖᅜࡍ࡚ࢆྵࡴᆅᇦᵓࡶ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ୰ᅜᑐࡋ࡚ⓗ
࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡲࡓ㌷Ᏻಖ㞀೫ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡀከ࠸ࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊ⌧ᅾࡢ⎔ቃୗ࡛ࡣᑐ୰࣊ࢵࢪࣥ
ࢢࡋ࡚⮴ࡋ᪉࡞࠸ࠋࡋࡋࠊ୰ᅜࡢ⥭ᙇࢆ㧗ࡵࡓࡾࠊ࠸ࢃࢇࡸ㌷ᣑ➇தࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡉ
࡞࠸ࡼ࠺ࠊ⣽ᚰࡢὀពࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
࣭⎔ࣥࢻὒᆅᇦ㐃ྜ㸦IOR-ARC㸧ࡼࡾຊࢆὀࡄࡇࠋࣇࣜ࢝ᮾᓊࡽࣥࢻὒἢᓊ ࡑࡋ࡚ᮾ༡ࢪࡲ࡛ࡢໟᦤⓗᶵᵓ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࠊ୰ᅜࠊ᪥ᮏࡣᑐヰᅜ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
― ὀ ―
1 ෆ㛶⥲⌮⮧ Ᏻಸ୕ࠊࠕ᪥ᮏࡣᡠࡗ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠖᖹᡂ25ᖺ2᭶22᪥㸦CSIS࡛ࡢࢫࣆ࣮ࢳ㸧ࠋ
2 Stephen Smith, Speech at Deterrence and Regional Security at the 11th International Institute for Strategic Studies-Singapore, 2 June 2012.
3 Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State, “America’s Engagement in the Asia-Pacific,” Kahala Hotel, Honolulu, October 28, 2010.
4 Michael Auslin, Security in the Indo-Pacific Commons: Toward a Regional Strategy, American Enterprise Institute, December 2010.
5 David Scott, “The “Indo-Pacific”—New Regional Formulations and New Maritime Frameworks for US-India Strategic Convergence,” Asia-Pacific Review, 19:2㸦2012㸧㸪pp.85-109㸬ࡲࡓࠊḟࢆࡶཧ↷ࠋ C.Raja Mohan, Samudra Manthan: Sino-Indian Rivalry in the Indo-Pacific㸦Washington , D.C.:
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2012㸧㸪Introduction, Chapters 6 and 7.
6 ࡓ࠼ࡤࠊRory Medcalf, “A Term Whose Time Has Come: The Indo-Pacific,” Diplomat, 㸦December 4, 2012㸧㸬 Nick Bisley, et al, “The Indo-Pacific: what does it actually mean?” East Asia Forum, 6 October 2012.
7 ࡓ࠼ࡤࠊUS Department of Defense, “Sustaining U.S. Global Leadership: Priorities for 21st Century Defense,” January 2012㸬ࡲࡓࠊRemarks by Tom Donilon, National Security Advisory to the President:
͆The United States and the Asia-Pacific in 2013,͇The Asia Society, New York, Monday, March 11,
2013. ࣥࢻࡣࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢࢪኴᖹὒᨻ⟇ࡢࡁ࡞ᰕࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
8 ࡇࡢⅬࠊࡓ࠼ࡤࠊPriya Chacko, “India and the Indo-Pacific: An Emerging Regional Vision,”
Indo-Pacific Governance Research Centre Policy Brief, Issue 5, November 2012.
9 Rory Medcalf, “Pivoting the Map: Australia’s Indo-Pacific System,” The Centre of Gravity Series, Strategic and Defense Studies Centre ANU College of Asia and the Pacific, The Australian National University, November 2011.
10 Khurana, ““China’s String of Pearls” in the Indian Ocean and its security implications,” Strategic Analysis, 32:1㸦2008㸧㸪pp.1-39.
11 Raja Mohan, India’s New Role in the Indian Ocean, 2011,
㸺http://www.india-seminar.com/2011/617/617_c_raja_mohan.htm㸼
12 Brahma Chellaney, “Asia’s New Tripartite Entente,” Project Syndicate,㸦January 10, 2012㸧㸬
13 Michael Green and Andrew Shearer, “Defining U.S. Indian Ocean Strategy,” Washington Quarterly, 35:2㸦Spring 2012㸧㸪pp.175-189.
14 Ronald Findlay and Kevin H. O'Rourke, Power and Plenty: Trade, War, and the World Economy in the Second Millennium㸦Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009㸧㸬Robert Kaplan, Monsoon: The Indian Ocean and the Future of American Power㸦New York: Random House, 2011㸧㸬
15 ࡇࡢⅬࢆࡣࡌࡵ࡚ᣦࡋࡓࡶࡢࡢ୍ࡘࡋ࡚ࠊRobert Kaplan, “The American Elegant Decline,”
Atlantic Monthly㸦November 2007㸧㸬
16 Auslin, op. cit.
17 Mike Mullen, “Commentary: We Can’t Do It Alone,” Honolulu Advertiser㸦29 October, 2006㸧㸬
18 Dennis Rumley, et al, “’Securing’ the Indian Ocean? Competing Regional Security Constructions,”
Indo-Pacific Governance Research Centre Policy Brief, Issue 3, April 2012.
19 ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ㄆ㆑ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡓ࠼ࡤࠊGareth Evans, The Asian Region in 2011: Trends and Tensions, Presentation by Hon Gareth Evans to AsiaLink and Asia Society Chairman’s Welcome Reception, Melbourne, 21 February 2011.
20 ࡓ࠼ࡤࠊVijay Sakhuja, ed., Reinvigorating IOR-ARC㸦New Delhi: Indian Council of World Affairs, 2012㸧㸬
21 Ian Bremmer, The End of the Free Market, New York: Portfolio, 2011.
22 ࣊ࢵࢪࣥࢢࡘ࠸࡚ࡢయ⣔ⓗ࡞ྲྀࡾᢅ࠸ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡓ࠼ࡤࠊBrock Tessman, “System Structure and State Strategy: Adding Hedging to the Menu,” Security Studies, vol 21 no 2; Apr-Jun 2012; pp.192-23. Brock Tessman and Wojtech Wolfe, “Great Power and Strategic Hedging: the Case of Chinese Energy Strategy,” International Studies Review, 13, 2011, pp.215-241.
23 ࡇࡢⅬࠊTessman, op. cit., 2012.
24 ࡓ࠼ࡤࠊJohn D. Ciorciari, The Limits of Alignment: Southeast Asia and the Great Powers since 1975㸦Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press, 2010㸧㸬
25 Kai He, Institutional Balancing in the Asia Pacific: Economic Interdependence and China’s Rise 㸦London: Routledge, 2009㸧㸬
26 Kai He, “Undermining Adversaries: Unipolarity, Threat Perception, and Negative Balancing Strategies after the Cold War,” Security Studies, Volume 21, Number 2㸦1 April 2012㸧㸪pp. 154-191.
27 Vibjhanshu Shekhar, “Rising Indonesia and Indo-Pacific,” Indian Council of World Affairs Issue Brief, September 2012, http://www.icwa.in/pdfs/IBrisingindonesia.pdf
28 Dewi Fortuna Anwar, “A Problem of Mixed Messages,” The AsiaLink Essays 2012, 4:6㸦August 2012㸧㸬 Daniel Kliman, “Why Indonesia is a Global Swing State,” Jakarta Post㸦June 15, 2012㸧㸬
29 Shaun Lin and Carl Grundy-Warr, “ASEAN and Interconnecting Regional Spheres: Lessons for the Indian Ocean Region,” Journal of the Indian Ocean Region, 8:1, 2012, pp.54-70. ASEANࡣࠊᙼࡽ
ࡼࢀࡤࠊ࣓ࢥࣥࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚୰ᅜࢃࡾࠊ༡ࢩࢼᾏࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ኴᖹὒࢃࡾࠊ࣋
ࣥ࢞ࣝ‴ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊࣥࢻࢃࡿ࠸࠺ࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊASEANࡗ࡚ࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒ ᴫᛕࡀᨭ㓄ⓗ࡞ࡿࡇࡣ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ
30 Michael Auslin, op. cit., Security in the Indo-Pacific Commons.
31 Michal Wesley, “Irresistible Rise of the Indo-Pacific,” Australian Literary Review㸦May 4, 2011㸧㸬
32 Kevin Rudd, “Beyond the Pivot,” Foreign Affairs㸦March/April 2013㸧㸬
33 ࡓ࠼ࡤࠊHugh White, The China Choice㸦Collingwood: Black Inc., 2012㸧㸬
34 Dennis Rumley, et.al, op.cit.
35 C.Raja Mohan, “Asia’s New Democratic Quad,” ISN Security Watch㸦March 19, 2007㸧㸬 QUADࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢᛂࡣࠊMichael Green and Daniel Twining,“Democracy and
American Grand Strategy in Asia: The Realist Principles Behind an Enduring Idealism,” Contemporary Southeast Asia 30: 1, 2008, pp.1-28.
ࡲࡓࠊ᪥༳ࡢእ㛵ಀࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊTakenori Horimoto and Lalima Varma, eds., India-Japan Relations in Emerging Asisa, Manohar, 2013.
36 Priya Chacko, op. cit.
37 Raja Mohan, op. cit., Samudra Manthan, Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2012, p.10.
38 Mohanࡣࠊࣥࢻኴᖹὒ࠾ࡅࡿ㸦Ᏻಖ㞀ୖࡢ㸧⛛ᗎࡋ࡚ࠊໟᦤⓗ࡞༠ㄪⓗᏳಖ㞀ࠊ
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