➨ 8 ❶ ࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡢᾏὒ⛛ᗎ㸸ᅜ㝿ἲࡢほⅬࡽ
㭯⏣ 㡰
ࡣࡌࡵ
ᮏሗ࿌᭩ࡣࠊࢪࡢᾏ࠾ࡅࡿྛᅜࡢ⣮த࣭ᑐ❧ᑐฎࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࠺࠼࡛ࡢㄢ㢟ᙜヱ ㄢ㢟ࢆඞ᭹ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞⪃࠼᪉ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᅜ㝿ἲࡢほⅬࡽᩚ⌮ࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠
ⓗࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡎࠊ➨ 1 ⠇࡛ࠊࢪࡢᾏ࠾ࡅࡿྛᅜࡢ⣮த࣭ᑐ❧ࡢ⌧≧ࡘ࠸࡚ᩚ
⌮ࡍࡿࠋḟࠊ➨ 2 ⠇࡛ࡣࠊᙜヱ⣮த࣭ᑐ❧ࡀࡓࡧࡓࡧⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᾏᇦ࡛࠶ࡿⓗ⤒
῭Ỉᇦࡢἲⓗᛶ᱁ࡘ࠸࡚ᩚ⌮ࡍࡿࠋ➨ 3 ⠇࡛ࡣࠊᙜヱ⣮த࣭ᑐ❧ࡀලయࡋࡓᒁ㠃࡛
ᑐฎ࡞࠶ࡓࡗ࡚࠸ࡿྛᅜᨻᗓࡢᾏୖἲᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵ࡼࡿᶒ㝈⾜ࡢෆᐜ࣭┠ⓗ࣭㝈⏺
ࢆᩚ⌮ࡍࡿࠋ➨ 4 ⠇࡛ࡣࠊᾏୖ࡛ࡢἲᇳ⾜άື㌷άືࡢቃ⏺ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࠊྛᅜᨻ ᗓࡢᾏ㌷࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃᾏୖἲᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵ࡼࡿᶒ㝈⾜࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊᅜ㝿ἲୖࠊᙜ↛ἲᇳ⾜άື
࠶ࡓࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡇࢆᣦࡍࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ᭱ᚋࠊ➨ 5 ⠇࡛ࡣࠊᮏ◊✲ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡ ࢺࡀᨻ⟇ᥦゝᴗ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆࡩࡲ࠼ࠊྛᅜᨻᗓࡢᾏୖἲᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵ࡢබ⏝⯪⯧ࡢᾏୖ࡛ࡢ
┤᥋ᑐᓖࡀࠕᐇຊࡢ⾜ࠖࢆక࠺⾪✺ᣑࡍࡿࡇࢆ㜵Ṇࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ᪉⟇ࡋ࡚ࠊࠕ༴ᶵ
⟶⌮࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࠖࡢᵓ⠏ࢆᥦゝࡍࡿࠋ
㸯㸬ࢪࡢᾏ࠾ࡅࡿྛᅜࡢ⣮த࣭ᑐ❧
㏆ᖺࠊࢪࡢᾏ࡛ࡣࠊ࠸ࢃࡺࡿᾏὒᶒ┈ࢆࡵࡄࡿᅜᐙ㛫ࡢ⣮த࣭ᑐ❧ࡀ㢖Ⓨࡋࠊࡑࡢ
⃭ࡋࡉࡀቑࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡾࢃࡅࠊࣥࢻὒኴᖹὒࡢ㛫⨨ࡍࡿᡓ␎ⓗ㔜せ࡞ᾏᇦ࡛
࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊᅜ㝿≀ὶࡗ࡚ࡣ㔜せ࡞ᾏୖ㏻㊰࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⁺ᴗ㈨※ࡸࣜࣥ㖔▼ࠊࡉࡽ▼Ἔ
ࡸ࢞ࢫ࡞ࡢኳ↛㈨※ࡶ㇏ᐩ࡛࠶ࡿࡉࢀࡿ༡ࢩࢼᾏࡢၥ㢟≧ἣࡣ῝้࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
༡ࢩࢼᾏࡣࠊᮾ㒊ࢆࣇࣜࣆࣥㅖᓥࡸ࣎ࣝࢿ࢜ᓥࠊす㒊ࢆࣥࢻࢩࢼ༙ᓥࠊ༡㒊ࢆࢪࣕ
࣡ᓥࡸࢫ࣐ࢺࣛᓥࠊ㒊ࢆྎ‴ࡸᾏ༡ᓥᅖࡲࢀࡓࠊ㠃✚ࡀ⣙300ཬࡪᾏᇦ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ༡ࢩࢼᾏ࡛ࡣࠊ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ࣇࣜࣆࣥࡢ㛫࠶ࡿ༡Ἃㅖᓥ㸦ࢫࣉࣛࢺ࣮ࣜㅖᓥ㸧ࡘ࠸࡚
ࡣ୰ᅜࠊྎ‴ࠊ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ࠊ࣐࣮ࣞࢩࠊࣇࣜࣆࣥࠊࣈࣝࢿࡀࠊࡲࡓࠊ୰ᅜ࣭ᾏ༡ᓥࡢ ༡᪉࠶ࡿすἋㅖᓥ㸦ࣃࣛࢭࣝㅖᓥ㸧ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ୰ᅜࠊྎ‴࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ࡀ㡿᭷ᶒࢆᙇࡋ
࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢᓥࠎ࡛ࡣࠊᐇຊࡼࡿᓥࡢዣྲྀࡸ༨ᣐࠊᓥࡢほ ᡤࠊ㉮㊰ࡸᇧ㢌࡞
ࡢᘓタࠊࡲࡓࠊᓥࡢ࿘㎶ᾏᇦ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⁺⋓άື⚗Ṇಀࡿ୍᪉ⓗ࡞ᐉゝࠊእᅜ⁺⯪
ࡢᣡᤕࡸ⁺Ẹࡢ㐊ᤕ࣭ᣊ᮰࡞ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊእᅜே⁺ᴗࡢྲྀࡾ⥾ࡲࡾ࡞ࢆ
ዎᶵࡋ࡚ࠊྛᅜᨻᗓࡢ㌷Ⰴࡸබ⏝⯪⯧㸦බ⯪㸧ࡀᾏୖ࡛┤᥋ᑐᓖࡍࡿ࠸࠺ࡶ㢖
Ⓨࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
࠼ࡤࠊ2009ᖺ3᭶ࡣࠊᾏ༡ᓥࡢ༡᪉⣙70࢝ࣜࡢᾏᇦ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ୰ᅜேẸゎᨺ㌷ᾏ
㌷ࡢሗ㞟Ⰴࠊ୰ᅜᨻᗓࡢᅜᅵ㈨※㒊ᅜᐙᾏὒᒁ୰ᅜᾏ┘⥲㝲㸦ᾏ┘㸧ࡢබ⯪㸦ࠕᾏ┘83ࠖ㸧ࠊ
㎰ᴗ㒊⁺ᴗᒁ⁺ᨻ᳨ᰝ㝲㸦⁺ᨻ㸧ࡢබ⯪࡞ࡀࠊ⡿ᅜᾏ㌷ࡢᾏὒ┘どⰄࣥ࣌ࢵ࢝ࣈࣝྕ
᥋㏆࣭ໟᅖࡋ࡚ࠊྠྕࡢ⯟⾜ሗ㞟άືࢆጉᐖࡋࠊ⌧ሙᾏᇦࡽࡢྠྕࡢ㏥ཤࢆせ
ồࡋࡓ1ࠋࡲࡓࠊ2011ᖺ5᭶ࡣࠊᾏ༡ᓥࡢ༡᪉⣙320࢝ࣜࠊ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒୰㒊ࡢᮾ᪉⣙120
࢝ࣜࡢᾏᇦ࠾࠸࡚ࠊᾏ┘ࡢබ⯪࡞ࡀࠊࠕ୰ᅜ⟶㎄Ỉᇦ࠾ࡅࡿ㏻ᖖࡢྲྀࡾ⥾ࡲࡾάືࠖ
ࡋ࡚ࠊ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ࡢᅜႠ▼Ἔ♫⣔ิࡢ㈨※᥈ᰝ⯪ࡢㄪᰝࢣ࣮ࣈࣝࢆษ᩿ࡍࡿ࠸࠺
ࡶⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊ2012ᖺ4᭶ࡣࠊࣇࣜࣆࣥࡢࣝࢯࣥᓥす᪉⣙100ᾏ㔛࠶ࡿ
ࢫ࣮࢝࣎ࣟ♋࡛ࠊࣇࣜࣆࣥᾏ㌷ࡢⰄ⯪ࡀ୰ᅜ⁺⯪❧ࡕධࡾ᳨ᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡇ➃ࢆⓎ
ࡋ࡚ࠊ⣙ 2 ࢝᭶㛫ࢃࡓࡾࠊࣇࣜࣆࣥἢᓊ㆙ഛ㝲ࡢබ⯪୰ᅜᨻᗓࡢᾏ┘ࡸ⁺ᨻ࡞ࡢ බ⯪ࡀ⌧ሙᾏᇦ࡛┤᥋ᑐᓖࡍࡿ࠸࠺ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓࠋ
୰ᅜᨻᗓࡢᾏ┘ࡸ⁺ᨻࡣࠊ㏻ᖖࡣࠊ㌷άືࢆ⾜࠺ᶵ㛵࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᾏୖ࡛ࡢἲᇳ⾜άື
࡞ᚑࡍࡿᶵ㛵࡛࠶ࡿࠋ1982 ᖺࡢࠕᾏὒἲ㛵ࡍࡿᅜ㝿㐃ྜ᮲⣙ࠖ㸦ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙㸧 㸦ຠຊⓎ⏕ࡣ1994 ᖺࠊ᪥ᮏࡘ࠸࡚ࡢຠຊⓎ⏕ࡣ 1996ᖺ㸧ࡢ᥇ᢥᚋࠊ୰ᅜᨻᗓࡣᾏୖ࡛
ࡢἲᇳ⾜యไࡢᩚഛࢆ㐍ࡵࡓࠋᅜᅵ㈨※㒊ᅜᐙᾏὒᒁἲᇳ⾜㒊㝲ࢆⓎ㊊ࡉࡏࡿࡶࠊ
⁺ᴗ㛵ࡍࡿ⾜ᨻᶵ㛵ࡢᵓ⠏ࢆ㐍ࡵࠊ⁺ᴗ㛵ಀἲ௧ࡢᇳ⾜࠶ࡓࡿ㒊㝲ࡢ⤌⧊ࡶ╔ᡭ ࡋࡓࠋ⌧ᅾࠊ୰ᅜᨻᗓࡢᾏୖ࡛ࡢἲᇳ⾜άືࡣࠊᾏὒᶒ┈⥔ᣢࢆᡤᤸࡍࡿᅜᅵ㈨※㒊ᅜᐙ ᾏὒᒁ୰ᅜᾏ┘⥲㝲㸦ᾏ┘㸧ࠊ⁺ᴗ┘╩⟶⌮ࢆᡤᤸࡍࡿ㎰ᴗ㒊⁺ᴗᒁ⁺ᨻ᳨ᰝ㝲㸦⁺ᨻ㸧ࠊ
⯪⯧㏻⟶⌮ࢆᡤᤸࡍࡿ㏻㐠㍺㒊ᾏᒁ㸦ᾏᕠ㸧ࠊἢᓊ㆙ഛࢆᡤᤸࡍࡿබᏳ㒊㎶㜵⟶⌮ᒁ බᏳ㎶㜵ᾏ㆙⥲㝲㸦ᾏ㆙㸧ࠊ⛯㛵ᴗົࢆᡤᤸࡍࡿᾏ㛵⥲⨫ᐦ㍺ྲྀ⥾㆙ᐹ㸦ᾏ㛵㸧࠸࠺5ࡘ ࡢ⾜ᨻᶵ㛵㸦ࠕ㱟ࠖࡤࢀࡿࡇࡀ࠶ࡿ㸧ࡼࡗ࡚ᢸࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
୰ᅜᨻᗓࡣࠊ1992 ᖺࡢࠕ୰⳹ேẸඹᅜ㡿ᾏཬࡧ᥋⥆Ỉᇦἲࠖࡼࡗ࡚㡿᭷ᶒࢆࡵࡄࡗ
࡚ᅜ⣮த࣭ᑐ❧ࡢ࠶ࡿ༡ࢩࢼᾏࡢᓥᕋ㸦ᮾἋㅖᓥࠊすἋㅖᓥࠊ୰Ἃㅖᓥཬࡧ༡Ἃㅖᓥ㸧
ࡸᮾࢩࢼᾏࡢᑤ㛶ㅖᓥ࡞ࢆ⮬ᅜࡢ㡿ᅵࡋ࡚᫂☜⨨࡙ࡅࡓࡢࢆࡣࡌࡵࠊ1998ᖺࡢࠕ୰
⳹ேẸඹᅜⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦཬࡧ㝣Ჴἲࠖࡸ2001ᖺࡢࠕ୰⳹ேẸඹᅜᾏᇦ⏝⟶⌮ἲࠖ
ࡢ᥇ᢥ࡞ࠊᾏὒᶒ┈࡞ࢆ☜ಖࡍࡿࡓࡵᅜෆἲ௧ࢆᩚഛࡋࠊࡑࡢᇳ⾜యไࡢᩚഛࡶ╔
ᐇ㐍ࡵ࡚ࡁࡓ2ࠋ
࡞࠾ࠊ୰ᅜᨻᗓࡣࠊ༡ࢩࢼᾏ “nine-dotted line”㸦࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ “U-shaped line”㸧࠸ࢃࢀࡿ
⥺ࢆ୍᪉ⓗᘬࡁࠊࡑࡢෆഃࡢᾏᇦ࠶ࡿᓥᕋࡢ㡿᭷ᶒ࡞ࠊྠᾏᇦ࠾ࡅࡿᶒࡸ⟶㎄
ᶒࢆᙇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋྎ‴ࡢPeter Kien-Hong Yuᩍᤵࡢ◊✲࡞ࡼࢀࡤࠊ“nine-dotted line” ࡣ 1914ᖺ㠀බᘧ୰⳹Ẹᅜࡢᆅᅗᥥࢀࠊ1947ᖺ 12᭶୰⳹Ẹᅜෆᨻ┬ᆅᇦᒁࡀసᡂ ࡋᅜẸᨻᗓࡀ㆟Ỵ࣭බᕸࡋࡓᆅᅗṔྐⓗỈᇦࡢ⠊ᅖࢆ♧ࡍࡓࡵᥥࢀࡓࡢࡀࡑࡢጞࡲ
ࡾࡔ࠸࠺3ࠋ୰ᅜᨻᗓࡣࠊ2009ᖺ5᭶ࡢ㝣Ჴ㝈⏺ጤဨ㸦CLCS: Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf㸧ࡢ࣐࣮ࣞࢩ࣭࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ඹྠ⏦ㄳࢆཷࡅ࡚ࠊᅜ㐃୰ᅜᨻᗓ௦⾲㒊
ࡽᅜ㐃ົ⥲㛗ᐄ࡚ࡢ2009ᖺ5᭶7᪥ࡅࡢཱྀୖ᭩㸦CML/17/2009㸧࠾࠸࡚ࠊ༡ࢩࢼ ᾏ࠾ࡅࡿ⮬ᅜࡢᙇࡢㄽᣐࡋ࡚“nine-dotted line”ࢆබᘧ⏝࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
㸰㸬ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ࠸࠺ᾏᇦࡢᤊ࠼᪉
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࠊࢪࡢᾏ࠾ࡅࡿ⣮த࣭ᑐ❧ࡀࡓࡧࡓࡧⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᾏᇦࡀࠕⓗ⤒
῭Ỉᇦࠖ㸦EEZ: Exclusive Economic Zone㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋEEZࡣࠊྛᅜࡢ㡿ᇦᶒࡀཬࡪ㡿ᾏࡢ እഃࠊᇶ⥺㸦base line㸧ࡽ200࢝ࣜ㸦⣙370kmࠊ࡞࠾1࢝ࣜࡣ1.852km㸧ࢆ㉺࠼࡞
࠸⠊ᅖ࡛タᐃࡉࢀࡿᾏᇦ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ1970 ᖺ௦ࠊ୰༡⡿ㅖᅜࡸࣇࣜ࢝ㅖᅜࡣࠊ⮬ᅜἢᓊࡢ 㡿ᾏࡢእࡢᗈ࠸ᾏᇦ࠾ࡅࡿ㈨※⟶㎄ᶒࢆᙇࡍࡿᵓࢆᡴࡕฟࡋࡓࠋ࠼ࡤࠊ1972 ᖺ
ࢻ࣑ࢽ࢝ඹᅜࡢࢧࣥࢺ࣭ࢻ࣑ࣥࢦ࡛㛤ദࡉࢀࡓࠕᾏὒࡢㅖၥ㢟㛵ࡍࡿ࢝ࣜࣈᾏㅖᅜࡢ
≉ู㆟࡛ࠖ᥇ᢥࡉࢀࡓᐉゝࡣࠕࣃࢺࣜࣔࢽ࣭ࣝࢩ࣮㸦ୡくᾏ㸧㸦ࠕ∗♽ఏ᮶ࡢᾏࠖࡢព㸧ࠖ
ࢆᥦၐࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊྠᖺ࣓࣮࢝ࣝࣥࡢࣖ࢘ࣥࢹ࡛㛤ദࡉࢀࡓࠕᾏὒἲ㛵ࡍࡿࣇࣜ࢝
ㅖᅜࢭ࣑ࢼ࣮࡛ࠖ᥇ᢥࡉࢀࡓ⤖ㄽࡣEEZไᗘࢆᥦၐࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᵓࡀᅜ㝿ⓗᗈ⠊
࡞ᨭᣢࢆཷࡅࠊᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙࡛ࡣࠊ㡿ᾏࡢᖜဨࢆ12࢝ࣜ㸦⣙22 km㸧ࡲ࡛ࡍࡿ୍᪉
࡛ࠊ㡿ᾏࡢእഃࡢ㡿ᾏᇶ⥺ࡽ 200 ࢝ࣜࡲ࡛ࡢᾏᇦࠊἢᓊᅜࡀ㈨※⟶㎄ᶒࢆ᭷ࡍࡿᾏ ᇦࡋ࡚EEZࢆタᐃࡍࡿࡇࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋ
ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙࠾ࡅࡿEEZไᗘࡢ᥇⏝ࡣࠊ㡿ᾏࡢᣑせồࢆ12࢝ࣜࡲ࡛࡛ᢚ࠼㸦ᙜ
ࠊ୰༡⡿ㅖᅜࡸࣇࣜ࢝ㅖᅜࡣࠊ200࢝ࣜࡢ㡿ᾏࢆᙇࡍࡿᅜࡶ࠶ࡗࡓ㸧ࠊࠕබᾏࡢ⮬
⏤ࠖࢆᗈ࠸ᾏᇦ࡛ாཷࡋࡓ࠸ඛ㐍ᅜࠊ⮬ᅜࡢἢᓊࡢᗈ࠸ᾏᇦ࡛㈨※⟶㎄ᶒࢆ☜ಖࡋࡓ࠸
Ⓨᒎ㏵ୖᅜࡢ㛫ࡢㄪᩚࡢᡤ⏘࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࠸࠼ࡿࠋ
ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ࡣࠊEEZ ไᗘࡣ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࡶྠ᮲⣙ୖࡢไᗘ࡛࠶ࡾࠊྠ᮲⣙ࡢ㠀ᙜᅜࡀ
᭷ࡍࡿᶒ⩏ົᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍࡇࡣ࡞࠸࠸࠺ព࡛ࠊࠕ≉ูࡢἲไᗘࠖ㸦ྠ55᮲㸧࡛࠶
ࡿつᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ࡢ㉳ⲡẁ㝵࡛ࠊከࡃࡢᅜࡀEEZไᗘࡢ㊃᪨ࢆ
ࡩࡲ࠼࡚ᅜෆἲࢆᩚഛࡋࠊ⮬ᅜࡢἢᓊᾏᇦEEZࢆタᐃࡋࡓࠋEEZไᗘࡣࠊ᪥ࠊᅜ㐃ᾏ ὒἲ᮲⣙ୖࡢไᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࡲࡽࡎࠊㅖᅜࡢᐇ⾜ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ᅜ㝿័⩦ἲୖࡢไᗘࡋ࡚☜
❧ࡋࡓࡢホ౯ࡶከࡃࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ホ౯ࢆᨭᣢࡍࡿᅜ㝿ྖἲุᡤࡢุỴࡶ࠶ࡿ㸦1985 ᖺ ࡢࣜࣅ㸻࣐ࣝࢱ㝣Ჴቃ⏺⏬ᐃ௳ุỴ㸧ࠋ
᪥ᮏࡣࠊᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ࡢ㉳ⲡẁ㝵ࡢ1977ᖺࠕ㡿ᾏἲࠖࠕ⁺ᴗỈᇦ㛵ࡍࡿᬻᐃᥐ
⨨ἲࠖࢆไᐃࡋࠊ㡿ᾏࡢᖜဨࢆ᪥ᮏࡢᇶ⥺ࡽ12࢝ࣜᣑࡍࡿ୍᪉࡛㸦እⓗࠊ᐀
㇂ᾏᓙࡸὠ㍍ᾏᓙ࡞ࡢࠕ≉ᐃᾏᇦࠖࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㡿ᾏࡢᖜဨ3࢝ࣜࢆ⥔ᣢ㸧ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢᇶ
⥺ࡽ 200 ࢝ࣜࡲ࡛ࡢᾏᇦࠊ㈨※୍⯡㛵ࡍࡿ⟶㎄ᶒ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ⁺ᴗ㸦Ỉ⏘ື᳜≀ࡢ ᥇ᤕࡲࡓࡣ㣴Ṫࡢᴗ㸧㛵ࡍࡿ⟶㎄ᶒࢆ᭷ࡍࡿᾏᇦࡋ࡚ࠕ⁺ᴗỈᇦࠖ㸦࠸ࢃࡺࡿࠕ⁺ᴗ ᑓ⟶Ỉᇦࠖ㸧ࢆタᐃࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊ1996 ᖺᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ࢆᢈࡍࡿ㝿ࠊࠕⓗ⤒῭
Ỉᇦཬࡧ㝣Ჴ㛵ࡍࡿἲᚊࠖࢆไᐃࡋࠊ᪥ᮏࡢᇶ⥺ࡽ 200 ࢝ࣜࡲ࡛ࡢᾏᇦࠊኳ↛
㈨※㛵ࡍࡿᶒⓗᶒ࡞ࢆ⾜࡛ࡁࡿᾏᇦࡋ࡚EEZࢆタᐃࡋࡓࠋEEZࡢタᐃࡼࡾࠊ
᪥ᮏࡢෆỈ࣭㡿ᾏ࣭EEZࢆྜࢃࡏࡓᗈࡉࡣ⣙447km²࡞ࡾࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ㡿ᅵ㠃✚⣙38km² ࡢ⣙12ಸࠊ࣓ࣜ࢝ྜ⾗ᅜࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫඹᅜࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ㐃㑥ࠊࣟࢩ㐃㑥ࠊ࢝ࢼࢲ
ḟࡄୡ⏺➨6ࡢᗈࡉ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
ἢᓊᅜࡣࠊEEZ ࠾࠸࡚ࠊᶒࡀཬࡪ㡿ᾏࡣ␗࡞ࡾࠊ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࡶ≉ᐃࡢ㡯㛵ࡍࡿ
ᶒⓗᶒࡸ⟶㎄ᶒࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋEEZ ไᗘࡣἢᓊᅜࡢ⤒῭ⓗ┈ࡢ㏣ồࢆࡓࡿ┠ⓗ
ࡋ࡚タᐃࡉࢀࡓไᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡽࠊᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙56᮲1㡯ࡣࠊἢᓊᅜࡣEEZ࠾࠸࡚
ࠕኳ↛㈨※㸦⏕≀㈨※࡛࠶ࡿ㠀⏕≀㈨※࡛࠶ࡿࢆၥࢃ࡞࠸ࠋ㸧ࡢ᥈ᰝࠊ㛤ⓎࠊಖᏑཬࡧ
⟶⌮ࡢࡓࡵࡢᶒⓗᶒࠖEEZ࠾ࡅࡿࠕ⤒῭ⓗ࡞┠ⓗ࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡿ᥈ᰝཬࡧ㛤Ⓨࡢࡓࡵ
ࡢࡑࡢࡢάື㸦ᾏỈࠊᾏὶཬࡧ㢼ࡽࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢ⏕⏘➼㸧㛵ࡍࡿᶒⓗᶒࠖࢆ
᭷ࡍࡿつᐃࡋࠊEEZไᗘࡢ୰ᚰ⨨࡙ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᪉࡛ࠊࠕேᕤᓥࠊタཬࡧᵓ⠏≀ࡢ タ⨨ཬࡧ⏝ࠖࠊࠕᾏὒࡢ⛉Ꮫⓗㄪᰝࠖࠊࠕᾏὒ⎔ቃࡢಖㆤཬࡧಖࠖࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊἢᓊᅜࡣ ࠕ⟶㎄ᶒࠖࢆ᭷ࡍࡿつᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺ࠊᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙56᮲1㡯࡛ࡣࠕᶒⓗᶒࠖࠕ⟶㎄ᶒࠖࡀ࠸ศࡅࡽࢀ
࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡇ࡛ࡢ࠸ศࡅࡣࠊἢᓊᅜࡼࡿᅜෆἲ௧ࡢᇳ⾜ᶒ㝈ࡢ᭷↓ࡸࡑࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉
㐃ືࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙࡛ࡣࠊEEZ ࡢἢᓊᅜࡼࡿእᅜ⯪⯧ᑐࡍࡿ
ᅜෆἲ௧ࡢᇳ⾜ᶒ㝈ࡀ᫂ᩥ࡛つᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㡯㸦ኳ↛㈨※ࡢ࠺ࡕ⏕≀㈨※ࡢ᥈ᰝ࣭㛤Ⓨ࣭
ಖᏑ࣭⟶⌮ࡸᾏὒ⎔ቃಖㆤ࡞㛵㐃ࡋࡓᇳ⾜ᶒ㝈ࡢ⾜㸧᫂ᩥ࡛つᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸
㡯㸦ᾏὒࡢ⛉Ꮫⓗㄪᰝࡢつไ࡞㛵㐃ࡋࡓᇳ⾜ᶒ㝈ࡢ⾜㸧ࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊᅜෆἲ௧ࡢᇳ
⾜ᶒ㝈ࡀ᫂ᩥ࡛つᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸㡯ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᇳ⾜ᶒ㝈ࡢ⾜ࡢྍྰࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㆟ㄽࡀ
࠶ࡿࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿ4ࠋ
୍᪉ࠊEEZ ࡣࠊᚑ᮶ࡣබᾏ࡛࠶ࡗࡓᾏᇦἢᓊᅜࡢᶒⓗᶒࡸ⟶㎄ᶒࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓᾏ ᇦ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙56᮲1㡯つᐃࡉࢀࡓ≉ᐃࡢ㡯௨እࡘ࠸࡚ࡣබᾏࡋ࡚ࡢ ᛶ᱁ࡀ⥔ᣢࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙58 ᮲1㡯ࡣࠊࡍ࡚ࡢᅜࡣࠊEEZ࠾࠸࡚ࠊࠕ⯟
⾜ཬࡧୖ✵㣕⾜ࡢ⮬⏤୪ࡧᾏᗏ㟁⥺ཬࡧᾏᗏࣃࣉࣛࣥࡢᩜタࡢ⮬⏤୪ࡧࡇࢀࡽࡢ
⮬⏤㛵㐃ࡋཬࡧࡇࡢ᮲⣙ࡢࡑࡢࡢつᐃ୧❧ࡍࡿࡑࡢࡢᅜ㝿ⓗ㐺ἲ࡞ᾏὒࡢ⏝
㸦⯪⯧ཬࡧ⯟✵ᶵࡢ㐠⯟୪ࡧᾏᗏ㟁⥺ཬࡧᾏᗏࣃࣉࣛࣥࡢ㐠⏝ಀࡿᾏὒࡢ⏝࡞
㸧ࡢ⮬⏤ࢆா᭷ࡍࡿࠖつᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋྠ᮲㡯ࡣࠊEEZ ࠾ࡅࡿ⯪⯧㸦ྛᅜᨻᗓࡢ㌷Ⰴ
ࡸබ⏝⯪⯧ࢆྵࡴ㸧࡞ࡢࡃ⯟⾜ࡢ⮬⏤ࡣࠊᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙87᮲1㡯つᐃࡉࢀࡓࠕබ ᾏࡢ⮬⏤ࠖ࠾ࡅࡿࡑࢀྠ⩏࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓつᐃ࡛࠶ࡿゎࡉࢀࡿࠋ᪉࡛ࠊྠ
᮲3㡯ࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡢᅜࡶࠊEEZ࠾࠸࡚ࠊࠕࡇࡢ᮲⣙ࡼࡾ⮬ᅜࡢᶒࢆ⾜ࡋཬࡧ⮬ᅜࡢ
⩏ົࢆᒚ⾜ࡍࡿᙜࡓࡾࠊἢᓊᅜࡢᶒཬࡧ⩏ົጇᙜ࡞⪃៖ࢆᡶ࠺ࠖ⩏ົࢆ㈇࠺つᐃ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡑࢀࡺ࠼ࠊ࠼ࡤࠊබᾏୖ࡛ྛᅜᨻᗓࡢ㌷Ⰴࡸᾏୖ㆙ᐹᶵ㛵࡞ࡢබ⏝⯪⯧ࡣᅜ⩏
ᇶ࡙ࡁ⮬ᅜ⡠⯪⯧ᑐࡋ࡚ᇳ⾜⟶㎄ᶒࢆ⾜ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡀࠊ࠶ࡿᅜࡢEEZ ࠾࠸
࡚ᙜヱᇳ⾜⟶㎄ᶒࢆ⾜ࡍࡿ㝿ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊEEZࡢἢᓊᅜࡀ᭷ࡍࡿᶒⓗᶒࡸ⟶㎄ᶒࠕጇ ᙜ࡞⪃៖ࠖࢆᡶ࠺⩏ົࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙58᮲3㡯ࡢࠕጇᙜ࡞⪃៖ࠖࢆᡶ࠺⩏ົࡢタ ᐃࡣ᮲⣙㉳ⲡ㐣⛬ࡢㄪᩚࡢᡤ⏘࡛࠶ࡾࠊEEZ ࡢ㠀ἢᓊᅜࡢ࠸࡞ࡿᾏࡢ⏝ࡀᙜヱ⩏ົࢆ
ᒚ⾜ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࠸࠼ࡿࠊࡲࡓࡑࡢ㏫ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊ࠶࠸ࡲ࠸ࡉࡀṧࡿ5ࠋ
ࡇࡢⅬࠊ୰ᅜᨻᗓࡣࠊ1998 ᖺࡢࠕ୰⳹ேẸඹᅜⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦἲཬࡧ㝣Ჴἲࠖࡣࠊ ࡑࡢ11᮲࠾࠸࡚ࠊࠕ࠸ࡎࢀࡢᅜᐙࡶࠊᅜ㝿ἲཬࡧ୰ᅜࡢἲᚊࠊἲつࢆ㑂Ᏺࡍࡿ࠸࠺๓ᥦ ࡢࡶ࡛ࠊ୰ᅜࡢⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ⯟⾜ࡢ⮬⏤ࠊ㣕⾜ࡢ⮬⏤ࢆாཷࡋࠊ୰ᅜࡢ
ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦཬࡧ㝣Ჴ࠾࠸࡚ᾏᗏࢣ࣮ࣈࣝཬࡧࣃࣉࣛࣥࢆᩜタࡍࡿ⮬⏤ࠊཬࡧୖ
グ⮬⏤㛵㐃ࡍࡿࡑࡢྜἲⓗᾏὒࢆ⏝ࡍࡿ౽ᐅࢆாཷࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࠖつᐃࡋࠊ
୰ᅜࡢEEZࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙56᮲1㡯つᐃࡉࢀࡓ≉ᐃࡢ㡯௨እࡘ࠸࡚ࡣබ ᾏࡋ࡚ࡢᛶ᱁ࡀ⥔ᣢࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆᢎㄆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
᪉࡛ࠊᾏୖ࡛ࡢ㸦ࡃ EEZ࡛ࡢ㸧ἢᓊᅜࡢᅜෆἲ௧ࡢᇳ⾜ᶒ㝈ࡢ⾜ࡢ᭷↓ࡢゎ㔘
ࡸࡑࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊྛᅜࡢ⌮ゎ㐪࠸ࡀ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ࠼ࡤࠊ࠶ࡿᅜࡢEEZ
࠾࠸࡚ᅜᨻᗓࡢ㌷ᶵ㛵ࡀ⾜࠺ㄪᰝάືࡣࠊᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ࡼࡗ࡚つไࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ
ྰࡘ࠸࡚ࡢゎ㔘ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㆟ㄽࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➨୕ḟᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ㆟࡛ࡣࠊ ᾏὒࡢ㌷ⓗ࡞⏝ࡘ࠸࡚࠸㆟ㄽࡉࢀࡓࡀ ࠊ࠶ࡿᅜࡢEEZ࠾ࡅࡿእᅜᨻᗓࡢ㌷
ᶵ㛵ࡼࡿ 㔞άື㸦military survey㸧ࡢྍྰࡸつไࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࡀ㆟ㄽ࡞ࡿࡇࡣ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊྠ㆟ࢆ⤒࡚᥇ᢥࡉࢀࡓᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊmilitary survey ┤᥋
ゝཬࡋ࡚࠸ࡿつᐃࡣᏑᅾࡋ࡞࠸ࠋ࠼ࡤࠊ⡿ᅜᨻᗓࡣࠊmilitary surveyࠕᾏὒࡢ⛉Ꮫⓗㄪ ᰝࠖ㸦MSR: Marine Scientific Research㸧ࢆࡲࡗࡓࡃูᴫᛕ࡛࠶ࡿᤊ࠼ࠊmilitary surveyࡘ
࠸࡚ࡣᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙13㒊ࡢMSR 㛵㐃つᐃࡢ㐺⏝ࢆཷࡅࡎࠊἢᓊᅜࡢྠពࢆᚓࡿᚲせࡣ
࡞࠸ᙇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ6ࠋ᪉࡛ࠊ୰ᅜᨻᗓࡣࠊmilitary surveyMSRࡢ༊ูࢆྰᐃࡋࠊ⮬ᅜ ࡢEEZ࠾ࡅࡿMSRࡣࠊࡑࡢయࡢዴఱࢃࡽࡎࠊᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙13㒊ࡢMSR㛵 㐃つᐃࡢ㐺⏝ࢆཷࡅࡿ࠸࠺❧ሙ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ1998 ᖺࡢࠕ୰⳹ேẸඹᅜⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦἲཬ ࡧ㝣Ჴἲࠖࡣࠊࡑࡢ➨9᮲࠾࠸࡚ࠊࠕ࠸࡞ࡿᅜ㝿⤌⧊ࠊእᅜࡢ⤌⧊ࡲࡓࡣಶேࡶࠊ୰
ᅜࡢⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦཬࡧ㝣Ჴ࠾࠸࡚ᾏὒ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢆᐇࡍࡿሙྜࡣࠊ୰ᅜࡢ⟶ᶵ 㛵ࡢㄆྍࢆཷࡅࡿࡶࠊ୰ᅜࡢἲᚊࠊἲつࢆ㑂Ᏺࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠖつᐃࡋ࡚࠸
ࡿࠋ2009ᖺ3᭶୰ᅜࡢEEZ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ୰ᅜேẸゎᨺ㌷ᾏ㌷ࡢሗ㞟Ⰴࡸ୰ᅜᨻᗓࡢබ
⯪࡞ࡀࠊ⡿ᅜᾏ㌷ࡢᾏὒ┘どⰄࣥ࣌ࢵ࢝ࣈࣝྕ᥋㏆࣭ໟᅖࡋ࡚ࠊྠྕࡢ⯟⾜ሗ
㞟άືࢆጉᐖࡋࠊ⌧ሙᾏᇦࡽࡢྠྕࡢ㏥ཤࢆせồࡋࡓࡣࠊ⡿୰㛫ࡢᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲
⣙ࡢゎ㔘ࡢ㐪࠸ࡀලయⓗ࡞࡛㟢࿊ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࠸࠼ࡿࠋ
㸱㸬ྛᅜᨻᗓࡢᾏୖἲᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵ࡼࡿᶒ㝈⾜ࡢᛶ᱁
༡ࢩࢼᾏ࠾ࡅࡿ㡿᭷ᶒࢆࡵࡄࡿ㛵ಀᅜ㛫ࡢ⣮த࣭ᑐ❧ࢆ⦆ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊᮾ༡ࢪ
ㅖᅜ㐃ྜ㸦ASEAN㸧୰ᅜࡣࠊ2002 ᖺࠕ༡ࢩࢼᾏ࠾ࡅࡿ㛵ಀᅜࡢ⾜ື㛵ࡍࡿᐉゝࠖ
㸦DOC: Declaration on the Conduct of Parties㸧ࢆ᥇ᢥࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢDOC࡛ࡣࠊᅜ㐃᠇❶ࡸᅜ㐃 ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙࡞ࡢ㑂Ᏺࠊ༡ࢩࢼᾏ࠾ࡅࡿࠕ⯟⾜ࡢ⮬⏤ࠖࠕୖ✵㣕⾜ࡢ⮬⏤ࠖࡢᑛ㔜ࠊ 㡿᭷ᶒࡸᾏᇦࡢ⟶㎄ᶒࢆࡵࡄࡿ⣮தࡢᖹⓗゎỴࠊ㛵ಀᅜࡼࡿ⣮தࡢ」㞧࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᣑ
ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋࡡ࡞࠸⾜Ⅽ㸦⌧ᅾᒃఫࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ᓥ࡞ࡢᒃఫ࡞㸧ࡢ⮬ไࡀ࠺ࡓࢃࢀ
ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊDOC ࡀἲⓗᣊ᮰ຊࢆ᭷ࡉ࡞࠸ᩥ᭩࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡽࠊᚋࠊ㛵ಀᅜࡀࠊ༡ࢩࢼᾏ ࡢᖹᏳᐃࢆࡉࡽಁ㐍ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࠕ༡ࢩࢼᾏ࠾ࡅࡿ⾜ືつ⠊ࠖࡢ᥇ᢥྥࡅ࡚సᴗ
ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࡇࡘ࠸࡚ྜពࡍࡿࡉࢀࡓࠋࡉࡽࠊ2011ᖺࡣࠕDOCࡢᐇࡢࡓࡵࡢᣦ㔪ࠖ
ࡀ⟇ᐃࡉࢀ࡚ࠊDOC ࢆࡩࡲ࠼ࡓලయⓗ࡞ᥐ⨨ࡸ⾜ືࡢᐇࡘ࠸࡚ࡢỴᐃࡣࠊἲⓗᣊ᮰ຊ
ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ⾜ືつ⠊ࡢ᥇ᢥࢆᑟࡃࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࡉࢀࡓࠋ
ࡋࡋࠊ2012ᖺ7᭶㛤ദࡉࢀࡓ ASEANእ┦㆟࡞࡛ࡣࠊ⾜ືつ⠊┒ࡾ㎸ࡴࡁ ෆᐜࡘ࠸࡚ࠊASEAN࣭୰ᅜ㛫ࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊASEANຍ┕ᅜ㛫࠾࠸࡚ࡶぢゎࡀᑐ❧ࡋ㸦ࣇ
ࣜࣆࣥࡸ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒࡞ࡣࠊ⾜ືつ⠊ࡀ⣮தゎỴࡢࡓࡵࡢつ๎࡞ࡿࡇࢆᙇࡋࠊ᪉
࡛ࠊ୰ᅜࠊࢱࡸ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪ࡞ࡣࠊ⾜ືつ⠊ࡀ㛵ಀᅜࡢ┦ಙ㢗ࡢ㔊ᡂ࣭ᙉ㈨ࡍࡿ
ࡼ࠺࡞ᅜ㝿༠ຊࡢᯟ⤌ࡳࡍࡿࡇࢆᙇࡋࡓ㸧ࠊ⾜ືつ⠊ࡢ᥇ᢥ⮳ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ
ASEANࡋ࡚ࡢ༡ࢩࢼᾏၥ㢟㛵ࡍࡿぢゎ⾲᫂ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇࡶ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
᪉࡛ࠊᮾࢩࢼᾏࡢ᪥ᮏࡢ࿘㎶ᾏᇦ࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ㡿ᾏࡸⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ㸦EEZ㸧
࠾ࡅࡿእᅜ⁺⯪ࡼࡿ㐪ἲ࡞⁺⋓άືࡸබົᇳ⾜ጉᐖࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊᮾࢩࢼᾏࡢቃ⏺ᮍ⏬ᐃ ࡢᾏᇦ࠾ࡅࡿ୰ᅜᨻᗓࡼࡿᾏᗏ㈨※ࡢ᥈ᰝ࣭㛤Ⓨࠊ᪥ᮏࡢEEZ࠾ࡅࡿ୰ᅜᨻᗓࡢᾏ
┘ࡼࡿ๓㏻ሗࡢ࡞࠸ᾏὒࡢ⛉Ꮫⓗㄪᰝࠊࡉࡽࠊᑤ㛶ㅖᓥ࿘㎶ࡢ᪥ᮏࡢ㡿ᾏࡢᾏ┘
ࡸ⁺ᨻࡢබ⯪ࡢ㐍ධࠕ↓ᐖ࡛࡞࠸㏻⯟ࠖࡀ㢖Ⓨࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ᪥ᮏᨻᗓࡢᾏୖἲᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵࡛
࠶ࡿᾏୖಖᏳᗇ࡞ࡀᑐฎ࠶ࡓࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊ᪥ᮏᾏࡢ➉ᓥࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ2005ᖺ3᭶ᓥ᰿┴ࡀ2᭶22᪥ࢆࠕ➉ᓥࡢ᪥ࠖࡍࡿ
᮲ࢆไᐃࡋࡓࡇ࡞ࢆዎᶵࠊ㡑Ẹᅜ㸦㡑ᅜ㸧ᅜẸࡢ᪥ឤࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠋ2006 ᖺ 4᭶ࠊᾏୖಖᏳᗇࡣࠊ➉ᓥ࿘㎶ࡢᾏᇦࢆྵࡴ᪥ᮏᾏ༡す㒊ᾏᇦࡢᾏὒㄪᰝࢆィ⏬ࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀ
ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ㡑ᅜᨻᗓࡣࠊᙜヱㄪᰝࢆ⾜࠺ᾏୖಖᏳᗇࡢ 㔞⯪ࢆᣡᤕࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ♧၀ࡋࠊ ୧ᅜ㛫ࡢ⥭ᙇࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊ᪥㡑୧ᅜᨻᗓࡢእົḟᐁ⣭ࡢ༠㆟ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࠊ㡑ᅜᨻᗓ ࡣᾏᗏᆅᙧྡ⛠㛵ࡍࡿᅜ㝿ጤဨ࡛࠶ࡿᾏᗏᆅᙧྡᑠጤဨ➉ᓥ࿘㎶ࡢᾏᗏᆅᙧࡢ㡑 ᅜྡࡢⓏ㘓ࢆᥦࡏࡎࠊ᪉࡛ࠊ᪥ᮏᨻᗓࡣ᪥ᮏᾏ༡す㒊ᾏᇦࡢᾏὒㄪᰝࢆ୰Ṇࡋࠊࡉࡽ
ࠊEEZࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃ΅ࢆ㛤ࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡘ࠸࡚ྜពࡋࠊែࡢᣠࡀᅗࡽࢀࡓࠋ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺ࠊࢪࡢᾏ࡛ࡣࠊྛᅜᨻᗓࡢᾏୖἲᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵ࡀࠊᾏὒᶒ┈ࢆࡵࡄࡿᅜ ᐙ㛫ࡢ⣮த࣭ᑐ❧ࡀලయࡋࡓᒁ㠃࠾࠸࡚ᑐฎ࡞࠶ࡓࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡶࡑࡶࠊ ᾏୖἲᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵ࡼࡿᶒ㝈⾜ࡣࡢࡼ࠺࡞ෆᐜࡸ┠ⓗࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࠊࡲࡓ࠸࡞ࡿ
㝈⏺ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ
ྛᅜᨻᗓࡢᾏୖἲᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵ࡼࡿᶒ㝈⾜ࡣࠊᇶᮏⓗࡣࠊ⟶㎄ୗࡢ⚾ே࡞ᑐࡍࡿ
ྛᅜࡢᅜෆἲ௧ࡢ㐺⏝࣭ᇳ⾜࡛࠶ࡿࠋྛᅜᅜෆἲ௧࠾ࡅࡿࠕ≢⨥ࠖ㛵㐃ࡋࡓᾏୖ࡛ࡢ ἲᇳ⾜ᶒ㝈ࡢ⾜ࡣࠊලయⓗࡣࠊᅜෆἲ௧ࡢບ⾜ࡢ☜ㄆࡸ≢⨥ࡢண㜵ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ≢⨥⾜Ⅽ ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓሙྜࡣࠊ≢⨥ࢆ㙠ᅽ࣭ᤚᰝࡋࠊ≢ேࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࢀࡤࠊ≢ேࢆ㐊ᤕࡋ࡚ฮ
ྖἲᡭ⥆ࡁࡏࡿ࠸࠺ᶒ㝈⾜࡛࠶ࡿࠋᾏୖ࡛ࡢἲᇳ⾜ᶒ㝈ࡢ⾜ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊ࠼ࡤࠊ 㡿ᾏࡸ EEZ ࠾ࡅࡿእᅜேࡼࡿ↓チྍࡢ⁺⋓άືࢆࡸࡵࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡛ࠊ⁺ᴗ㈨※ࡢಖ
࣭⟶⌮࡞ࢆᅗࡗࡓࡾࠊ㍺ฟධࡀつไࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ≀ရࡢᐦ㍺ධࢆ㜼Ṇࡋࠊእᅜேࡼࡿ
ἲୖ㝣ࢆ㜼Ṇࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊ⛛ᗎࡢ⥔ᣢ࣭タࢆᅗࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
ᾏୖἲᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵ࡼࡿᶒ㝈⾜ࡣࠊ⮬ᅜ㡿ᇦ㸦㡿ᅵࠊ㡿ᾏ㡿✵㸧ࡢᶒࢆ☜ಖࡋࠊ 㡿ᅵಖࡢᐖࢆ㝖ࡍࡿ࡞ࠊᅜᐙᏳಖ㞀㈨ࡍࡿഃ㠃ࡶ࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡇࢀࡽࡣ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛
ࡶᾏୖ࡛ࡢἲᇳ⾜ᶒ㝈ࡢ⾜ࡢḟⓗ࡞ࠕຠᯝ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡾࠊᾏୖ࡛ࡢἲᇳ⾜ᶒ㝈ࡢ⾜ࡀ┤
᥋┠ⓗࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊᾏୖἲᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵ࡼࡿᶒ㝈⾜ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࡣࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ෆᐜ࣭┠ⓗࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡶࡢ
࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ≢ேࢆᤚᰝࡋ㐊ᤕࡍࡿ࡞ࡢฮྖἲᡭ⥆ࡁࡏࡿࡇࢆྍ⬟࡞ࡽࡋࡵ
ࡿࡼ࠺࡞㐣ᗘࡢࠕᐇຊࡢ⾜ࠖࡣࠊᾏୖἲᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵ࡼࡿᶒ㝈⾜ࡢ┠ⓗᩚྜࡍࡿࡶࡢ
ࡣ࠸࠼ࡎࠊᅜ㝿ἲࡢほⅬࡽࡶチᐜࡉࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ
㸲㸬ᾏୖ࡛ࡢࠕἲᇳ⾜άືࠖࠕ㌷άືࠖࡢ᫂☜࡞ቃ⏺
⯪௧ࢆ↓どࡋ࡚㏨㉮ࡍࡿእᅜ⯪⯧࡞ᑐࡍࡿࠕᐇຊࡢ⾜ࠖࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ
࡛ᅜ㝿ุ࡞ࡑࡢἲⓗホ౯ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࡇࡣᑡ࡞ࡃࠊ1929 ᖺⓎ⏕ࡋ⡿ᅜⱥᅜࡀ தࡗࡓࠕ࣒࣭࣮ࣟࣥྕ௳ࠖࠊ1961ᖺⓎ⏕ࡋⱥᅜࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡࡀதࡗࡓࠕࣞࢵࢻ࣭
ࢡࣝࢭ࣮ࢲ࣮ྕ௳ࠖࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ1997ᖺⓎ⏕ࡋࢭࣥࢺ࣭ࣅࣥࢭࣥࢺࢠࢽࡀதࡗࡓࠕࢧ
࢞ྕ௳ࠖࡀ௦⾲ⓗ࡞࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ᩚ⌮ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠕᐇຊࡢ⾜ࠖ
㛵ࡍࡿᇶᮏⓗ࡞⪃࠼᪉ࡣࠊࠕᾏୖ࡛ࡢἲᇳ⾜ᶒ㝈ࡢ⾜క࠺ᐇຊࡢ⾜ࡣࠊᚲせࡘྜ
⌮ⓗ࡞⠊ᅖෆࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤチᐜࡉࢀࡿࠖࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞㺀ᐇຊࡢ⾜㺁
㛵ࡍࡿ⪃࠼᪉ࡣࠊᅜ㝿᮲⣙ࡸ່࿌࡛ࡶ᥇⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࠼ࡤࠊࠕࢫࢺࣛࢻࣜࣥࢢ㨶㢮ཬࡧ 㧗ᗘᅇ㐟ᛶ㨶㢮㈨※ಖᏑ⟶⌮㛵ࡍࡿ༠ᐃࠖ22᮲1㡯㸦f㸧ࠊࠕᾏὒ⯟⾜ἲ⾜Ⅽ㜵Ṇ᮲⣙ᨵ ṇ㆟ᐃ᭩ࠖ8᮲ࡢ2㸦9㸧ࡸࠊ1979ᖺᅜ㐃⥲࡛᥇ᢥࡉࢀࡓࠕἲᇳ⾜ᐁࡢ⾜ືつ⠊ࠖ㸦Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials adopted by General Assembly by Resolution 34/169 of 17 December 1979㸧࡞࡛᥇⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡋࡋࠊࠕᐇຊࡢ⾜ࠖࢆ⾜࠺యࡢഃࡗ࡚ࡣἲᇳ⾜ᶒ㝈ࡢ⾜ࡢᐇຠᛶࢆᢸಖࡍࡿ
ࠕᐇຊࡢ⾜࡛ࠖ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊሙྜࡼࡗ࡚ࡣࠊᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨ 301᮲ࡸᅜ㐃᠇❶➨ 2 ᮲
➨ 4 㡯࡞ࡀ⚗ṆࡍࡿࠕṊຊࡢ⾜ࠖࡸࠕṊຊࡼࡿጾᄐࠖ࠶ࡓࡿホ౯ࡉࢀࡿࡇࡶ
࠶ࡿࠋᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ࡣࠕṊຊࡼࡿጾᄐࡲࡓࡣṊຊࡢ⾜ࠖࢆ⚗Ṇࡋࡘࡘࠊ⥾⣙ᅜࡀ㡿 ᾏࠊ᥋⥆ỈᇦࠊEEZࠊබᾏࡢྛᾏᇦ࠾࠸࡚ᾏᇦᑐᛂࡋࡓ㡯㛵ࡍࡿᇳ⾜⟶㎄ᶒࢆ⾜
ࡍࡿࡇࢆチᐜࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽࠊᾏୖ࡛ࡢࠕἲᇳ⾜άືࠖࠕ㌷άືࠖࢆ༊ูࡋ࡚ᤊ
࠼࡚࠸ࡿゎࡉࢀࡿࡀࠊ୧⪅ࡢቃ⏺ࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶ᫂☜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ
2000ᖺⓎ⏕ࡋ࢞ࢼࢫࣜࢼ࣒ࡀதࡗࡓࠕCGX ௳ࠖ㛵ࡍࡿ2007ᖺࡢ௰ุ᩿
࡞ࢆࡩࡲ࠼ࡿࠊᾏୖ࡛ࡢᶒ㝈⾜ࡢᅜ㝿ἲ࠾ࡅࡿᛶ᱁Ỵᐃࡣࠊᶒ㝈⾜యࡢྛᅜ ࡢ᠇ἲࡸ⤌⧊タ⨨ἲ࡞ࡢᅜෆἲ௧࠾ࡅࡿ⨨ࡅ㸦ἲᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵ࡋ࡚⨨ࡅࡽࢀ࡚
࠸ࡿࠊࡑࢀࡶ㌷㝲ࡋ࡚⨨ࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸧ࡼࡾࡶࠊᙜヱᶒ㝈⾜ࡀࠊ㸦1㸧࠸
࡞ࡿ≧ἣ࡛㸦㡿᭷ᶒࡸቃ⏺⏬ᐃࢆࡵࡄࡗ࡚ᅜᐙ㛫࡛⣮த࣭ᑐ❧ࡢ࠶ࡿᾏᇦ࡛ࡢᶒ㝈⾜࡛
࠶ࡿ࡞㸧ࠊ㸦2㸧࠸࡞ࡿἲⓗホ౯ࡢࡶ㸦ᶒ㝈⾜ࡢᑐ㇟⪅ࡢ⾜Ⅽࡀᶒᐖ࡛࠶ࡿ
ࡢࠊᅜ㝿ἲୖࡢᶒᐖ࣭⩏ົ㐪࡛࠶ࡿࡢࠊ⮬ᅜࡢ㡿ᾏ࠾ࡅࡿእᅜ⯪⯧ࡼࡿࠕ↓
ᐖ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㏻⯟࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࡢࠊᅜෆἲ௧㐪࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡞㸧ࠊࡲࡓࠊ㸦3㸧࠸࡞ࡿᶒ㝈⾜
ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᣡᤕࡸ㐊ᤕ࡞ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡛ฮྖἲᡭ⥆ࡁࡏࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗ
ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡞㸧ࡼࡗ࡚Ỵࡏࡽࢀࡿ࠸࠼ࡿ7ࠋ
ࡑࢀࡺ࠼ࠊྛᅜᨻᗓࡢᾏ㌷࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃᾏୖἲᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵ࡼࡿᶒ㝈⾜࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊᅜ㝿ἲୖࠊ ᙜ↛ࠕἲᇳ⾜άືࠖ࠶ࡓࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊሙྜࡼࡗ࡚ࡣࠊࠕ㌷άືࠖ࠶ࡓࡿホ ౯ࡉࢀࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡿࠋᮾࢪࡢᾏ࡛ࡣྛᅜᨻᗓࡢᾏୖἲᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵ᡤᒓࡢබ⯪ࡢᾏୖ࡛ࡢ
┤᥋ᑐᓖࡀ㢖Ⓨࡋࠊእᅜᨻᗓࡢබ⯪ᑐࡍࡿᶒ㝈⾜ࡀ㸦ሙྜࡼࡗ࡚ࡣ┦㸧⾜ࢃࢀ
࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽ㸦࠼ࡤࠊ⮬ᅜࡢEEZ࠾ࡅࡿ⮬ᅜࡢྠពࢆᚓ࡚࠸࡞࠸ᾏὒࡢ⛉Ꮫⓗㄪᰝ ࡢ୰Ṇせㄳࡸ⮬ᅜࡢ㡿ᾏ࡛ࠕ↓ᐖ࡛࡞࠸㏻⯟ࠖࢆ⾜࠺බ⯪ᑐࡍࡿ㏥ཤせㄳ㸧ࠊᙜヱᶒ㝈⾜
ࡀᅜ㝿ἲࡢほⅬࡽࡢࡼ࠺ホ౯ࡉࢀࠊἲᇳ⾜άືࡲࡿᶒ㝈⾜࡛࠶ࡿ࠸࠼
ࡿࡢࡘ࠸࡚ࠊୖグ㸦1㸧ࡽ㸦3㸧ࡢ㡯╔┠ࡋ࡚ᩚ⌮ࡋ࡚࠾ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
㸳㸬࠾ࢃࡾ 㸫ྛᅜᨻᗓࡢᾏୖἲᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵ࡢබ⯪ࡢࠕ⾪✺ࠖᅇ㑊ࡢࡓࡵ
᪉࡛ࠊࢪࡢᾏ࡛ࡣࠊ⌧ࠊྛᅜᨻᗓࡢᾏୖἲᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵ࡢබ⯪ࡢᾏୖ࡛ࡢ┤᥋ᑐᓖ ࡀ㢖Ⓨࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽࠊࡇ࠺ࡋࡓᑐᓖࡀࠕᐇຊࡢ⾜ࠖࢆక࠺ࠕ⾪✺ࠖᣑࡍࡿࡇ
ࢆ㜵Ṇࡍࡿ᪉⟇ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ᳨ウࡋ࡚࠾ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞᪉⟇ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊྛᅜᨻᗓ ࡢᾏ㌷ࡢⰄ⯪ࡢᾏୖ࡛ࡢ⾪✺ᅇ㑊ࡸጉᐖ⾜Ⅽᅇ㑊࡞ࡢࡓࡵ⥾⤖ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᾏୖᨾ㜵
Ṇ༠ᐃ㸦INCSEA㸧ࢆཧ⪃ࡋࡘࡘ㸦࠼ࡤࠊ1972ᖺࡢ⡿ࢯᾏୖᨾ㜵Ṇ༠ᐃࡸ1993ᖺࡢ
᪥㟢ᾏୖᨾ㜵Ṇ༠ᐃ㸧ࠊࠕ༴ᶵ⟶⌮࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࠖࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿࡢࡀ᭷┈࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
༴ᶵ⟶⌮࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢෆᐜࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㸦1㸧ྛᅜᨻᗓࡢᾏୖἲᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵ࡀᑐฎ࡞
࠶ࡓࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ⌧ሙᾏᇦ࡛ࠊἲᇳ⾜ᐁࡀࠕ⥭ᛴែࠖ࠾࠸࡚┤᥋⏝ྍ⬟࡞ࠕ┦㐃⤡
࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࠖࡢタᐃࠊ㸦2㸧ྛᅜᨻᗓࡢᾏୖἲᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵ࡢ⌧ሙᾏᇦ࠸ࡿἲᇳ⾜ᐁࡀඹ᭷ྍ
⬟࡞ࠕᏳᇶ‽ࠖࡢ☜ㄆ࣭タᐃࡀ᭷┈࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
㸦1㸧ࡢࠕ┦㐃⤡࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࠖࡢタᐃࡑࡢᐇຠᛶࢆ☜ಖࡍࡿࡓࡵࡣࠊࠕ࠸࡞ࡿ≧
ἣࡀ⥭ᛴែ࡛࠶ࡿࡢࠖࡘ࠸࡚┦ゎࡋ࡚࠾ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࠕ┦㐃⤡࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࠖ
ࡢᑐ㇟࡞ࡿᾏᇦࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊᅜᐙ㛫࡛⣮த࣭ᑐ❧ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᾏᇦ࡛࠶ࡿሙྜࡣࠊ࠸
ࢃࡺࡿ disclaimer ᮲㡯㸦ࠕ୍᪉ࡢ⥾⣙ᅜࡢᾏୖἲᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵ࡀᮏ༠ᐃᇶ࡙ࡃᥐ⨨ࢆࡿሙྜ
࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊࡑࡢࡇࡣᙜヱᾏᇦ㛵ࡍࡿᙜヱ⥾⣙ᅜࡢᙇఱࡽᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ
࡞࠸ࠖ࡞ࡢ᮲㡯㸧ࢆά⏝ࡍࡿ࡞ࡋ࡚ࠊᑐ㇟ᾏᇦࢆ≉ᐃࡋ࡚࠾ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࡑ ࡢࡼ࠺࡞≧ἣࡸᾏᇦ࠾࠸࡚࠸࡞ࡿᑐᛂࢆࡿࡁࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ┦㐃⤡ࡍࡁᇶ ᮏⓗ㡯ࡸࡑࡢ᪉ἲ࣭ᡭẁ࡞ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅලయⓗ࡞ᙧ࡛┦ゎࡋ࡚࠾ࡃᚲ せࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ㸦2㸧ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ1972 ᖺᾏୖ⾪✺ண㜵つ๎᮲⣙ᒓࡉࢀࡓࠕ⾪✺ண㜵 ᅜ㝿つ๎ࠖࡢᐇ⩏ົࡢ☜ㄆࡸࠊ๓㏙ࡢᾏୖ࡛ࡢἲᇳ⾜ᶒ㝈ࡢ⾜ࡢᐇຠᛶᢸಖࡋ࡚ࡢ ࠕᐇຊࡢ⾜ࠖ㛵ࡍࡿᅜ㝿ἲୖࡢつ๎ࡢ☜ㄆ࡞ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
࡞࠾ࠊ᪥㟢ᾏୖᨾ㜵Ṇ༠ᐃࡣࠊ୧ᅜࡢⰄ⯪㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿつ๎ࡋ࡚ࠊձ┦ᡭᅜࡢⰄ⯪
ࡀ㏆᥋ࡍࡿሙྜࡣࠊ⾪✺ࡢ༴㝤ᅇ㑊ࡢࡓࡵࡢ༑ศ࡞㊥㞳ࢆ⥔ᣢࡍࡿࡇࠊղ┦ᡭᅜࡢⰄ⯪
ࡢ┘どࢆ⾜࠺ሙྜࡣࠊ⾪✺ࡢ༴㝤ࢆᅇ㑊࡛ࡁࡿ㊥㞳ࡲࡾࠊࡘ┘どᑐ㇟ࡢⰄ⯪ࡢ
⯟⾜ࢆ༴㝤㝗ࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞⾜ືࢆ㑊ࡅࡿࡇࠊճ୧ᅜⰄ⯪ࡀ┦ど㔝ෆ࠶ࡿሙྜࡣࠊ
⮬ࡽࡢ⾜ື࣭ពᅗࢆ᪉ࡢⰄ⯪♧ࡋࠊ⾪✺ண㜵ᅜ㝿つ๎ࠊᅜ㝿ಙྕ᭩࠾ࡼࡧࡇࡢ༠ᐃ⮬
య㝃ᒓࡉࢀࡓಙྕ⾲ᐃࡵࡿಙྕࡸVHF㏻ಙࢳࣕࣥࢿࣝ࡞ࢆ⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࢆヲ⣽
つᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊ୧ᅜࡢⰄ⯪ࡀ⚗Ṇࡉࢀࡿ⾜Ⅽࡋ࡚ࡣࠊձ┦ᡭᅜࡢⰄ⯪ᑐࡋ
࡚ࠊ◙ࠊ࣑ࢧࣝⓎᑕ⨨ࡸ㨶㞾Ⓨᑕ⟶࡞ࢆᣦྥࡍࡿࡇࡼࡿᶍᨃᨷᧁࠊղ┦ᡭᅜⰄ
⯪ࡢⰄᶫࢆ↷ᑕࡍࡿ┠ⓗ࡛ࡢ᥈↷ⅉ࡞ࡢ⏝ࠊճ┦ᡭᅜⰄ⯪ࡢ㏻ಙࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᑐࡍࡿᨾ ពࡢ㟁Ἴጉᐖ࡞ࢆලయⓗつᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
༴ᶵ⟶⌮࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢᵓ⠏ࡣࠊᙜヱᵓ⠏⮳ࡿ㐣⛬࠾ࡅࡿ㛵ಀᅜࡢ❧ሙࡸゎ㔘࡞ࡢ
᫂☜ࠊ㛵ಀᅜ㛫ࡢㄢ㢟ࡢᩚ⌮ࠊᙜヱㄢ㢟ࢆ㛵ಀᅜ᳨࡛ウࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᯟ⤌ࡳࡢタᐃࡸඹ㏻
ゝㄒࡢ⋓ᚓ࡞࠾࠸࡚ࡶពࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞㐃⤡࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢタᐃࡸᏳᇶ
‽ࡢ☜ㄆ࣭タᐃࡀࠕ༴ᶵ⟶⌮࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࠖࡋ࡚᭷ຠᶵ⬟ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡣࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞࣓
࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢᵓ⠏┠ⓗࠊࡉࡽࡣࠊᾏୖ࡛ࡢἲᇳ⾜ᶒ㝈ࡢ⾜ࡢෆᐜࡸ┠ⓗࡑࡢ㝈⏺ࡘ
࠸࡚ࡢㄆ㆑ࡢඹ᭷ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
― ὀ ―
1 ࣥ࣌ࢵ࢝ࣈࣝྕ௳ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊChinese Journal of International Law, Vol. 9 (2010) and Vol. 10 (2011) ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࡓᮏ௳ࢆᢅࡗࡓ6ᮏࡢㄽ⪃࡞ࢆཧ↷ࠋࡾࢃࡅࠊcf. Paul (Pete) Pedrozo,
“Preserving Navigational Rights and Freedoms: The Right to Conduct Military Activities in China's Exclusive Economic Zone,” Chinese Journal of International Law, Vol. 9 (2010), pp. 9-29, Zhang Haiwen, “Is It Safeguarding the Freedom of Navigation or Maritime Hegemony of the United States?—Comments on Raul (Pete) Pedrozo's Article on Military Activities in the EEZ,”ibid, pp.
31-47.
2 ୰ᅜࡢᾏὒ㛵ಀᅜෆἲ௧ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊcf. ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋࠗᖹᡂ17ᖺᗘ୰ᅜࡢᾏὒᨻ⟇ἲ ไ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲࠘㸦ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋ, 2006ᖺ㸧, 㱤㏄ࠕ୰ᅜ࠾ࡅࡿᾏὒἲࡢ⌮ㄽᐇ㊶ ̿ ᾏᓙ, ‴, ࡘ࠸࡚ࠖࠗἲᏥᨻᏥㄽ✲࠘➨36ྕ㸦1998ᖺ㸧, pp.99-148, 㱤㏄ࠕ୰ᅜ࠾
ࡅࡿᾏὒἲࡢ⌮ㄽᐇ㊶ ̿㡿ᾏไᗘ㸦༡ᾏㅖ⩌ᓥࢆྵࡴ㸧ࡘ࠸࡚ࠖࠗἲᏥᨻᏥㄽ✲࠘➨
43ྕ㸦1999ᖺ㸧, pp.157-211.
3 Peter Kien-Hong Yu, 2003, “The Chinese (Broken) U-shaped Line in the South China Sea: Points, Lines, and Zones,” Contemporary Southeast Asia, Vol.25 (3), p.407. U-shaped Line ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡑࡢ
ࠊcf. బ⸨Ꮥ୍ࠕ୰ᅜࠕ㎶ࠖ㸸ᾏὒᅜቃ 㸫༡ࢩࢼᾏࡢᆅᅗୖࡢUᏐ⥺ࢆࡵࡄࡿၥ㢟ࠖ
ࠗቃ⏺◊✲࠘➨1ྕ㸦2010㸧, pp.19-43, ᮤᅜᙉࠕ୰ᅜ࿘㎶ᅜᐙࡢᾏୖᅜቃၥ㢟ࠖࠗቃ⏺◊✲࠘
➨1ྕ㸦2010㸧, pp.45-56.
4 ዟ⬥┤ஓᩍᤵࡣࠊEEZࡢἢᓊᅜࡣ࠸࡞ࡿ㝈ᗘ࡛EEZᅜෆἲ௧ࢆ㐺⏝࡛ࡁࡿࠊࡉࡽᇳ
⾜࡛ࡁࡿࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ」㞧࡞ㄪᩚࡑࡢ㝈ᗘࡘ࠸࡚ࡢุ᩿ࡀᚲせ࡞ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡇࡢㄪᩚ
ࡢ㔜Ⲵ⪏࠼ࡽࢀ࡞࠸ᅜᐙࡣEEZࢆ㝈ࡾ࡞ࡃ⮬ᅜࡢ㡿ᇦ㏆࡙ࡅ࡚㐠⏝ࡋࡼ࠺ࡍࡿᣦ
ࡍࡿࠋዟ⬥┤ஓࠕᾏὒᶒ┈ࡢಖㆤ᪥ᮏࠖࠗᏛኈ᭳ሗ࠘➨898ྕ㸦2013ᖺ㸧, p.22.
5 EEZࡢἢᓊᅜࡀ᭷ࡍࡿᶒⓗᶒࡸ⟶㎄ᶒࠕጇᙜ࡞⪃៖ࠖࢆᡶࢃ࡞࠸⾜ືࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ࠼ࡤࠊ ձ EEZࡢἢᓊᅜࡢᖹࡸ⛛ᗎࠊᏳಖ㞀ࡢᙜ࡞ᐖࠊղ EEZࡢἢᓊᅜࡼࡿ⮬ᅜࡢ㈨※
ࡸ⎔ቃࢆಖㆤ࣭⟶⌮ࡍࡿᶒࡢ⾜ࡢጉᐖࠊճ EEZࡢἢᓊᅜࡼࡿேᕤᓥࠊタ࠾ࡼࡧᵓ⠏
≀ࡢタ⨨࠾ࡼࡧ⏝ಀࡿ⟶㎄ᶒࡢ⾜ࡢጉᐖࡀྵࡲࢀࡿゎࡉࢀࡿࠋ
࠼ࡤࠊEEZࡢἢᓊᅜࡀᾏᗏ㈨※ࡢ᥈ᰝ࣭㛤Ⓨࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᾏᇦ࠾࠸࡚ࠊእᅜᨻᗓࡢ㌷Ⰴ
ࡸබ⯪ࡀᙜヱ㈨※᥈ᰝ࣭㛤Ⓨࡢࡓࡵࡢᶵჾࢆ≀⌮ⓗᦆቯࡍࡿ࠸࠺⾜Ⅽࡣࠊ᫂ࡽᅜ㐃 ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙58᮲3㡯ࡢࠕጇᙜ࡞⪃៖ࠖࢆḞࡃ⾜Ⅽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊEEZࡢἢᓊᅜᨻᗓࡢᾏୖ㆙
ᐹᶵ㛵ࡀ⮬ᅜࡢEEZ࡛᪤ᣡᤕࡋࡓእᅜ⁺⯪ࠊࡑࡢᅜᨻᗓࡢᾏୖ㆙ᐹᶵ㛵ࡢබ⏝⯪⯧ࡀ ᥋⯨ࡍࡿሙྜࠊᙜヱᅜᨻᗓࡣἢᓊᅜࡀ⮬ᅜࡢEEZ࡛᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⁺ᴗྲྀ⥾ࡾᶒ㝈ࡢ⾜ࡢጉ ᐖ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺ࠊࠕጇᙜ࡞⪃៖ࠖࢆᡶ࠺⩏ົࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
6 ࡇࡢㄽⅬࡘ࠸࡚ࡢヲ⣽࡞᳨ウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓㄽ⪃ࡋ࡚ࠊcf. 㛗ᒸ᠇ࠕⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ࠾ࡅࡿ
Military Survey㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹࠖࠗ㛵すᏛἲᏛㄽ㞟࠘➨55ᕳ➨3ྕ㸦2005ᖺ㸧, pp. 658-686.
7 Cf. Patricia Jimenez Kwast, “Maritime Law Enforcement and the Use of Force: Reflections on the Categorisation of Forcible Action at Sea in the Light of the Guyana/Suriname Award,” Journal of Conflict and Security Law, Vol. 13, Issue 1 (2008), pp. 49-91, すᮧᘪࠕᾏὒᏳಖ㞀ᅜ㝿ἲࠖ᪥
ᮏᅜ㝿ၥ㢟◊✲ᡤࠗᏲࡿᾏࠊ⧅ࡄᾏࠊᜨࡴᾏ㸫ᾏὒᏳಖ㞀ࡢㅖㄢ㢟᪥ᮏࡢᑐᛂ㸫࠘㸦᪥ᮏ ᅜ㝿ၥ㢟◊✲ᡤ, 2012ᖺ㸧, pp.91-96.
