중국 지역 해양산업 발전에 관한 연구. 본 논문에서는 지역 해양산업 발전에 영향을 미치는 요인을 조사하였다.
Introduction
Background of Research
Purposes of Research
Methodology
Outline of Research
In addition, what are the factors that affect the development of the marine industry in China as a whole. Therefore, this paper intends to study the development of the local marine industry from two perspectives.
Basic Concepts and Literature Review
Basic Concepts
Marine industry
Industrial competitiveness
Industrial cluster
In short, the definition and classification of maritime industry is different between China and other countries. Based on the integrative concepts of maritime industrial competition defined by many researchers, this paper combines the connotation of industrial competition and the characteristics of the maritime industry.
Literature Review
Literature review on the competitiveness of marine industry
Literature review on the development of marine industry
In general, Chinese research on the competitiveness of the marine industry can be divided into three groups. The model of factors influencing the development of the marine industry is concluded in .
The Development of Chinese Marine Industry
The Current Situation of Chinese Marine Industry System
The marine industry distribution in regions
In this article, this method is used to analyze the degree of agglomeration of the maritime industry in regions. The next section is the degree of agglomeration of the three maritime industries in the coastal cities.
Structure of the Chinese Marine Industry
Chinese primary marine industry
Chinese secondary marine industry
Chinese tertiary marine industry
Obstacles of China’s three marine industries
In 2013, the marine fishing industry grew steadily and rapidly, with an added value of 387.2 billion yuan (CNY) for the whole year, accounting for 17% of the added value of the major marine industries. Despite this situation, the marine chemical industry achieved an added value of 104.4 billion yuan in the whole year. In the same year, China's government promoted the policy to accelerate the development of the biological.
In the past ten years, the scale of the coastal tourism industry has continued to increase, and it has become an important pillar in the marine operating system, accounting for 30% of the added value. Nowadays, the destruction of the ecological environment has greatly limited the sustainable development of China's marine economy. With the introduction of the strategy of maritime power, China attaches more and more importance to the development of the marine economy.
Most marine scientific and technological achievements are concentrated in the lower-end industries, and there are few industrial achievements in the higher-end industries.
A Comparative Analysis on Regional Marine Industry in China 49
The Evaluation Index System
The purpose of the establishment of the index system
The principles of the establishment of index system
The establishment of the evaluation index system
For the analysis of the influencing factors on local marine industrial competitiveness of China, it is essential to establish a suitable index system. Third, this paper compares the local marine industrial competitiveness, so indicators should be designed with local comparability. Firstly, it is to study the target layer, namely the local marine industrial competitiveness.
Average annual growth rate of the regional maritime industry 𝑋1 Share of regional GDP in regional GDP 𝑋2. Share of regional GOP in national GOP 𝑋3 Share of regional marine industrial added value in national. It is an indicator that reflects the economic benefits of the regional maritime industry and its growth.
This indicator is about the number of regional marine science and technology research projects, which reflects the extent of marine science.
Empirical Analysis
The selection of evaluation methods
Data source
Results
Note: 𝑨𝟏 is the regional marine industrial economic capacity. lt;Figure 9> A1 trends of each province and coastal city. This means that Shandong and Guangdong have strong competition in regional marine industrial production capacity. In comparison, Guangxi, Hainan and Hebei had the lowest regional marine science and technology capacity scores.
Note: 𝑨𝟒 is the regional manpower capacity for the maritime industry. lt;Figure 12> A4 trends of each coastal province and city. This means that Guangdong has the strongest competitiveness in regional maritime industrial human resources. On the contrary, Guangxi, Hebei and Jiangsu had lower regional maritime industrial human resource capacity scores during the period under review.
Note: 𝑨𝟓 is the regional marine industrial environmental protection capacity. lt;Figure 13> A5 trends of each province and coastal city. Shandong has the advantages of regional maritime economic capacity, regional maritime industrial production, regional maritime. Zhejiang has advantages in marine industrial competition in regional marine environmental protection and regional marine exports.
Empirical Tests for the Development of Regional Marine
The Selection of Variables and Data Source
The selection of variables
Data source
Some researchers choose the absolute data for the number of sea-related employed people shown in
. Most of the researchers who study factors affecting the development of the marine industry take the number of marine research projects as the capital factor shown in
. Some researchers choose the number of research projects, some choose marine industry professionals, and some choose the funds for marine R&D shown in
. lt; Table 24>.
In this study, the technology factor is equal to the number of maritime patents resulting from maritime science and technology. However, to avoid multicollinearity with the labor factor, we take the number of marine patents as a technology factor. Some researchers suggest the number of pollution clean-up projects or marine-type nature reserves as an environmental factor.
In addition, the number of marine-type nature reserves is also taken as the environmental factor, which refers to regional sea protection.
Empirical Tests
Regression estimation of regional marine industry (GROP)
Regression estimation of primary marine industry
Regression estimation of secondary marine industry
Regression estimation of tertiary marine industry
Regression estimation on international competency
As we can see in
, the coefficient of labor is 1.8900, which means that when labor in the maritime industry increases by 1 unit, GROP. In addition, the marine-type natural reserves variable is positively related to the development of the regional maritime industry. Therefore, improving work in the primary maritime industry will contribute to the development of the primary maritime industry.
The labor coefficient is 1.6458, indicating that as the labor of the marine industry increases by 1 unit, the tertiary marine industry will increase by approximately 1.6458. In addition, the coefficient of marine research fund is 0.0070, which indicates that if marine research fund increases by 1 unit, the tertiary marine industry will increase by about 0.0070. Finally, the marine pollution treatments as the environmental factor, the coefficient is 0.0044 which indicates that as marine pollution treatments increase by 1 unit, the tertiary marine industry will increase by about 0.0044.
This is the reason why six variables have a significant influence on the development of tertiary marine industry.
Summary
In the regression estimation of the exports, the variables we chose could not fully explain the export situation in the development of the marine industry. On the one hand, increasing the labor input can increase the scale of the marine economy and provide more jobs in the marine industry. Currently, China has a low rate of scientific and technological achievement transfers of the marine industry, which is about 20% lower than the world average.
Second, public awareness and education about the protection of the marine environment must be strengthened. Environmental protection organizations can encourage the public to participate in maritime activities, such as Quizarium Pro about the sea, to improve knowledge about the protection of the maritime economy. Marine resources are limited, prior to development and use, rational planning should be carried out to improve the efficiency of using marine resources in actual production and reduce dependence on marine resources.
For example, the coastal tourism industry is highly dependent on the environment, so ecological protection is critical for the sustainable development of the marine economy.
Conclusions
Research Findings
It is found that there are differences in the development of China's regional maritime industry. Due to the differences between the development of the maritime industry, we use regression analysis to estimate the factors affecting the development of the maritime industry. According to the results of regression analysis, it appears that labor, capital, technology and environment have a significant effect on the development of the maritime industry.
By analyzing the factors that influence the development of three marine industries and exports, respectively, we can find that labor has a significant influence on the development of all three marine industries and international competence. In short, marine economic capability, marine human resources and marine technology are the competitive advantages of the region's marine industry to develop, and labor, technology and environment have a significant impact on the development of regional marine industry. To promote the development of local marine industry, it is essential that we pay attention to human resources, technology and the environment.
Implications
Compared with previous studies, this article finds the differences in the regional maritime industry from the perspective of regional maritime industrial competitiveness, which provides a different view in analyzing the differences between regional maritime industries. On the other hand, this study establishes the panel data model to analyze the factors affecting the regional maritime industry in China, applying econometrics in the studies of maritime industry. Because the development of the regional maritime industry is dynamic, the data on the rate of change can explain the development trends, which can provide a different perspective to analyze the maritime industry.
The practical contribution of this study aims to help policymakers understand the competitive advantages of China's regional maritime industry and the factors affecting its development. However, there appeared to be no significance of technology in the secondary maritime industry, due to the slow pace of transformation from science and technology to productivity. In short, analyzing the development of China's regional maritime industry helps to understand the current situation of China's regional maritime industry, the benefits of regional maritime industrial development and its influencing factors.
Understanding the competitive advantages and drivers of the regional maritime industry is a fundamental step in preparing effective and successful proposals.
Further Study
A Study on Logistics Cluster Competitiveness Among Asia's Major Countries Using Porter's Diamond Model", The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, Vol. A Comparison and Evaluation of Marine Industrial Competitiveness of China's Coastal Provinces and Cities", Modern Economic Information, Vol. The analysis of difference of China's marine economy and its factors", Statistics and Decision, Vol.
A Comparative Study on the Competitiveness of Marine Economy in China's Major Marine Economic Zones”, East China Economic Management, Vol. Comparative study on the marine economic development of China's marine economic zones”, Science-Technology and Management, Vol. A Joint Decision Measure Model of Marine Industrial Competitiveness of China”, Review of Economic Research, Vol.
An Evaluation of the Comprehensive Strengthening of the Marine Economy of Eleven Coastal Provinces and Cities in China”, Statistics & Decisions, Vol.
26| I Nyoman Prabu Buana Rumiartha; Anak Agung Sagung Ngurah Indradewi; Alarico Gomes, “I Nyoman Prabu Buana Rumiartha; Anak Agung Sagung Ngurah Indradewi; Alarico Gomes, “Comparative
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