2012 Korean General Social Survey

(1)

Block ID Household ID -

2 0 1 2 Korean General Social Survey

Survey Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University

53-3 Myungryun-Dong, Jongno-Ku, Seoul 110-745, South Korea

(Tel.) +82-2-760-1270 (Fax) +82-2-744-6169 (E-mail) [email protected] (Web) http://src.skku.edu

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The Survey Research Center (SRC) in the Sungkyunkwan University is currently conducting the Korean General Social Survey (KGSS), an annual national sample survey funded by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF). The purpose of this survey is to collect primary social data that can be widely used in cross-national comparative studies. Most Questions in this survey concern your opinions on some of the basic political, economic, and social phenomena. The survey also includes your opinion concerning two modular topics: < Family & Changing Gender Roles

Ⅳ

>, the 2012 designated module of the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) that is participated by 50 countries all around the world; < Network Social Capital >, the 2012 module of the East Asian Social Survey (EASS) that is participated by 4 countries in East Asia (Korea, China, Japan, and Taiwan).

Since we tried to select our respondents in a way to best represent the people in this country, the results of this survey are likely to lose the representativeness if you fail to respond to this interview request. We sincerely would like to ask your sincere cooperation so that this survey could produce valuable research data. Your answers will be kept strictly confidential and anonymous, of course. We would really appreciate it if you take time to answer every question in this survey.

June, 2012

Sang-Wook Kim, Prof.

Director, Survey Research Center, Sungkyunkwan Univ.

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※ To begin with, I would like to ask you a few questions about this society and politics.

1. How proud are you of being South Korean?

① Very proud ^③ Not very proud ____⑻ DON’T KNOW

② Somewhat proud ^④ Not proud at all

2. Would you say that most of the time people try to be helpful, or they are mostly just looking out for themselves?

① Try to be helpful ⑶ DEPENDS

② Just look out for themselves ⑻ DON’T KNOW

3. Do you think most people would try to take advantage of you if they got a chance, or would they try to be fair?

① Would take advantage of you ⑶ DEPENDS

② Would try to be fair ⑻ DON’T KNOW

4. I am going to name some institutions in this country. As far as the people running these institutions are concerned, would you say you have a great deal of confidence, only some confidence, or hardly any confidence at all in them?

SHOW CARD

A great deal confidence

Only some confidence

Hardly any confidence at all

DON’T KNOW

PROBI NG

1) Major companies ^① ^② ^③ ^⑻ 2) Organized religion ^① ^② ^③ ^⑻ 3) Education ① ② ③ ⑻

4) Organized labor ① ② ③ ⑻ 5) Newspaper ① ② ③ ⑻

6) TV ① ② ③ ⑻

7) Medicine ① ② ③ ⑻ 8) Executive branch of the national government ① ② ③ ⑻ 9) Local government ① ② ③ ⑻ 10)Congress ① ② ③ ⑻ 11)The Supreme Court ① ② ③ ⑻ 12)Scientific community ① ② ③ ⑻

13)Military ① ② ③ ⑻ 14)Banks and financial institutions ^① ^② ^③ ^⑻ 15)The Blue House ^① ^② ^③ ^⑻ 16)Civic Activist Organizations ① ② ③ ⑻ 5. Generally, how trustful do you perceive this society to be? A score of 0 indicates a society that is hardly

trustful, while a score of 10 indicates a society that is very trustful.

SHOW CARD

Hardly trustful

Very trustful

DON’T KNOW

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 (88)

6. What do you think North Korea is to us? Please choose one answer only among the following.

① A country to support ^③ A country to guard against ⑻ DON’T KNOW

② A country to cooperate

with ^④ A country to fight against

(4)

7. Which country do you feel closest to among the following countries?

① USA ^③ North Korea ^⑤ Russia

② Japan ^④ China ⑻ DON’T KNOW

8. To what extent do you think the unification between South and North Korea is necessary?

① Very necessary ③ Somewhat unnecessary ⑻ DON’T KNOW

② Somewhat necessary ④ Very unnecessary

9. What do you think about North Korean defectors who want to come to South Korea?

① All should be admitted ② Should be admitted selectively

③ Should not be admitted any more

10. How close or distant do you feel about North Korean defectors who stay in South Korea?

① Feel very close ③ Feel somewhat distant

② Feel somewhat close ④ Feel very distant

11. On the whole, how good do you think the current government is in administering state affairs?

① Very good ^④ Somewhat poor

② Somewhat good ^⑤ Very poor

③ Neither good nor poor ⑻ DON’T KNOW

12. Currently which political party do you support most?

① Saenuri Party ⑦ People's Happiness Party

② Democratic United Party ⑧ Korea Vision Party

③ Unified Progressive Party ⁽⁶⁶⁾ OTHER (SPECIFY : )

④ Advancement and Unification Party ⁽⁷⁷⁾ NONE OF THESE

⑤ Democratic Party ⁽⁸⁸⁾ DON’T KNOW

⑥ Labor Party

13. Did you vote in the South Korean Legislative Election on April 11 this year?

① Voted ② Did not vote

⑻ DON’T KNOW (GO TO Q14)

⑼ NOT ELIGIBLE (IF VOTED IN THE ELECTION)

13.1 Which party’s candidate did you vote to at that time?

SHOW

CARD ① Saenuri Party ⑦ People's Happiness Party

⑤ Democratic Party ⁽⁸⁸⁾DON’T KNOW

⑥ Labor Party

14. Which party do you think has the most ability to take political power in the next presidential election?

① Saenuri Party ⑦ People's Happiness Party

⑤ Democratic Party ⁽⁸⁸⁾DON’T KNOW

⑥ Labor Party

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15. To what degree do you think yourself politically liberal or conservative?

PROBI

NG ① Very liberal ④ Somewhat conservative

② Somewhat liberal ⑤ Very conservative

③ Neither liberal nor conservative ⑻ DON’T KNOW 16. How satisfied are you with the current state of politics in South Korea?

PROBI NG

① Very satisfied ^④ Somewhat dissatisfied

② Somewhat satisfied ^⑤ Very dissatisfied

③ Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied ⑻ DON’T KNOW

17. Do you think the political conditions in South Korea will be much better, somewhat better, about the same, somewhat worse, or much worse?

① Much better ^④ Somewhat worse

② Somewhat better ^⑤ Much worse

③ About the same ⑻ DON’T KNOW

18. How much do you think the social welfare spending in Korea needs to be decreased or increased?

PROBI NG

① Decreased a lot ④ Increased a little bit

② Decreased a little bit ⑤ Increased a lot

③ Neither decreased nor increased ⑻ DON’T KNOW

19. Do you think the economic conditions in South Korea will be much better, somewhat better, about the same, somewhat worse, or much worse?

20. How satisfied are you with the current state of economy in South Korea?

① Very satisfied ^④ Somewhat dissatisfied

② Somewhat satisfied ^⑤ Very dissatisfied

21. In our society there are groups which tend to be towards the top and groups which tend to be towards the bottom. Below is a scale that runs from top (10) to bottom (1). Where would you put yourself now on this scale?

SHOW

CARD Bottom Top DK

① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ ⑩ (88)

22. How satisfied are you with the economic condition of your family?

① Very satisfied ④ Somewhat dissatisfied

② Somewhat satisfied ⑤ Very dissatisfied

23. Compared to South Korean families in general, would you say your family income is -- far above average above average, average, below average, or far below average?

① Far above average ④ Below average

② Above average ⑤ Far below average

③ Average ⑻ DON’T KNOW

(6)

24. Compared to your parents when they were the age you are now, do you think your own standard of living now is much better, somewhat better, about the same, somewhat worse, or much worse than theirs was?

25. When your children reach the age you are now, do you think their standard of living will be much better, somewhat better, about the same, somewhat worse, or much worse than yours? Please answer questions even if you don't have children.

26. How often do you attend religious services?

(01)A few times a week ⁽⁰⁶⁾Once a year

(02)Once a week ⁽⁰⁷⁾Less than once a year

(03)Two or three times a month ⁽⁰⁸⁾NEVER

(04)Once a month ⁽⁸⁸⁾DON’T KNOW

(05)Several times a year 27. What is your religion?

① Buddhism ④ No religion (GO TO Q.28)

② Protestant ⁽⁷⁷⁾OTHER (SPECIFY )

③ Catholic

(IF YOU HAVE A RELIGION)

27.1 Do you call yourself a strong, or not a very strong follower of your religion?

① Strong ^③ Not very strong

② Somewhat strong ⑻ DON’T KNOW

28. Which of the categories below comes closest to the type of place you are living in now?

① A big city ③ A small city or a town ^⑤ A farm or home in the country

② The suburbs or outskirts of a big city

④ A country village ⑻ DON’T KNOW

29. If you were to have only one child, would you prefer a boy or a girl?

① Boy ② Girl ⑶ No preference

30. During the last few years, has the financial situation of your household been getting much better, somewhat better, stayed the same, somewhat worse, or much worse?

③ Stayed the same ⑻ DON’T KNOW

31. Within the next 10 years, do you think the financial situation of your household will be getting much better, somewhat better, about the same, somewhat worse, or much worse than now?

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32A. We would like to know what you think people in these jobs actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually earn each month, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure about this, but your best guess will be close enough. This may be difficult, but it is very important. So please try. Please write in how much they actually earn each month, before taxes. (unit : 10,000 WON)

PROBI

NG 1) doctor in general

practice ___________ 6) School teacher ___________

2) chairman of a largenational corporation ___________ 7) Rank-and-file business man in

a large company ___________

3) salesclerk ___________ 8) Skilled worker ina factory ___________

4) unskilled worker in afactory ___________ 9) Owner-managerof a small shop ___________

5) cabinet in the centralgovernment ___________

32B. Now, what do you think people in these jobs ought to be paid. How much do you think they should earn each month, before taxes, regardless of what they actually get … Please write in how much they SHOULD earn each month, before taxes. (unit : 10,000 WON)

PROBI

NG 1) doctor in general

practice ___________ 6) School teacher ___________

2) chairman of a largenational corporation ___________ 7) Rank-and-file business man in

a large company ___________

3) salesclerk ___________ 8) Skilled worker ina factory ___________

4) unskilled worker in afactory ___________ 9) Owner-managerof a small shop ___________

5) cabinet in the centralgovernment ___________

33. Would you say that you earn …… ? If you are not working now, please tell about your last job.

① Much less than I deserve ② Less than I deserve ③ What I deserve ④ More than I deserve ⑤ Much more than I deserve (8) CAN’T CHOOSE

(9) NEVER WORKED

34. How fair or unfair do you feel about the rewards you receive from Korea society when considering each of your following?

SHOW

CARD Compared to your …… Very fair Somewhat

fair

Neither fair nor unfair

Somewhat unfair

Very unfair

1)Intelligence (ability) ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

2)Job skills ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

3)Efforts ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

4)Educational attainment ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤

5)Careers ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤

(8)

35. How much do you agree or disagree that each of the followings actually occurs when important decisions are made in Korean society?

SHOW CARD

Strongly

agree Agree

Neither agree nor

disagree

Disagree Strongly disagree

1) The decision making is influenced by social connectionstied to schools, hometowns, and kinships ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤ 2) The decision making is affected by decision makers'prejudices and sentiments ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤ 3) The rules and principles of decision making are notconsistent ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤ 4) The decision making is influenced by external power orprivate patrons' "pulls" and "politics" ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤ 5)Fails to listen to the opinions of most people who are affected

by the decisions ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤

6) Fails to collect enough information for quality decision ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤

※ Next, I’m going to ask about your family.

36. How many children (sons and daughters) have you had? Please include those who are living together with you or not and also include those who were born by natural birth or who were adopted (Don't inlcude, however, those who are deceased).

Total: (00)NONE

37. How many family members, including yourself, live at your residence? Do not include those who are temporarily living elsewhere due to schooling, employment, military service, etc.

NUMBER OF FAMILY MEMBERS LIVING WITH RESPONDENT:

38. Are there any family members who are living somewhere else due to schooling, employment, military service, etc? (If there are) How many such persons are there?

NUMBER OF FAMILY MEMBERS LIVING AWAY FROM RESPONDENT: (00) NONE

39. How many persons live in your house who are not your family members (e.g., friends, partner, etc.)?

NUMBER OF NON-FAMILY MEMBERS LIVING WITH RESPONDENT: (00) NONE

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40. Now I would like to ask about your family members. Please include all family members who are living in your house and who are temporarily living somewhere else. Answer the following questions beginning with yourself.

(WRITE DOWN THE PERSON’S RELATIONSHIP TO THE RESPONDENT FIRST, AND THEN ASK THE PERSON’S SEX, AGE, MARITAL STATUS, CO-RESIDENCE STATUS, THE REASON FOR LIVING ELSEWHERE, EMPLOYMENT STATUS, AND THE REASON FOR NOT WORKING. MAKE SURE TO ASK ABOUT EACH AND EVERYONE COUNTED IN QUESTIONS 37, 38 AND 39 ABOVE.)

1) Relation to respondent 2) Is [PERSON] male or female?

3) How old is [PERSON]?

4) Is [PERSON] now married, widowed, divorced, separated, cohabiting, or never married?

5) Is [PERSON] living in your house, or is [PERSON] staying somewhere else?

6) (IF [PERSON] IS TEMPORARILY STAYING ELSEWHERE) What is the primary reason for not living together?

7) Is [PERSON] currently working for pay?

8) (IF NOT WORKING) What is the primary reason for not working?

SERI AL N U MBE R

1) Relation to

respondent ²⁾Sex

3) Age

4) Marital status 5) Co-Residence Status 7) Employment status

Relation Code ①

M ②

F Status Code ①

Living together

Not living② together

6) Reason for not living together ①

Employed ② Not employed

8) Reason for not working

Reason Code Reason Code

1 Respondent 01 2

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

《 CODE LISTS 》

1) Relation to respondent 4) Marital status 6) Reasons for living elsewhere 8) Reasons for not working (01) Respondent

(02) Spouse (03) Ist child (04) 2nd child (05) 3rd child (06) 4th child (07) 5th child (08) 6th child (09) 7th child (10) Child’s spouse

(11)Grand child (12) Grand child's spouse (13) Parent (14) Spouse’s parent (15) Sibling (16) Spouse's sibling (17) Grand parent (18) Nephew/Niece (19) Cousin (20) Sibling's spouse

(21) Parent's sibling (22) Friend (23) Boarder (24) Housemaid (25) Partner (26) Care provider (77) OTHER (SPECIFY: )

①Married

②Widowed

③Divorced

④Separated

⑤Never married

⑥Cohabiting

(01) Schooling (02) Employment (03) Military service (04) Respondent’s schooling (05) Respondent’s employment (77) OTHER

(SPECIFY: )

(01) Below school age (02) In school (03) Staying at home (04) Old age (05) Illness (06) Disabled (07) Temporarily not working (08) Unemployed (09) Retired (10) Retired under the age limit

(11)Searching for job (12)Studying (13)In the army (14)Business Failure (15)Do not want to get a job

(17)Religious Belief (18)To Take care of family

(19)Can't get a job 77) OTHER

(SPECIFY: )

41. Who is the household head?

(WRITE DOWN THE SERIAL NUMBER AND RELATION TO THE RESPONDENT FROM THE ABOVE TABLE) RELATION TO RESPONDENT: SERIAL NUMBER: 　　　　　　　

(10)

※ Now, I would like to ask you about how much education you and your family members have received.

42. What is the highest level of school you have attended?

____(00)NO FORMAL SCHOOL

__ (08)OTHERS (EX. SEODANG)

(01) Elementary school (02) Junior high school (03) High school

(04) Junior college(Two or three-year course) (05) College (Four-year course)

(06) Graduate school (Masters) (07) Graduate school (PhD)

▼ 42.1 Did you graduate from this school, or are you currently attending?

① Graduated ② Dropped out

▼

③ Currently attending

▼

▼ 42.2 In what grade did you drop out?

GRADE

42.3 What grade are you in?

GRADE 43. What is the highest level of school your spouse has attended?

(99)NO SPOUSE (00)NO FORMAL SCHOOL

(08)OTHERS (EX. SEODANG)

(06) Graduate school (Masters) (07) Graduate school (PhD) ▼

43.1 Did your spouse graduate from this school, or is s/he currently attending?

① Graduated ② Dropped out

▼

▼ 43.2 In what grade did s/he drop out?

GRADE

43.3 What grade is s/he in?

GRADE 44. What is the highest level of school your father has attended?

(00)NO FORMAL SCHOOL

(88)DON'T KNOW

(06) Graduate school (Masters) (07) Graduate school (PhD) ▼

44.1 Did your father graduate from this school, or is he currently attending?

▼ ① Graduated ② Dropped out

▼

▼ 44.2 In what grade did he drop out?

GRADE

44.3 What grade is he in?

GRADE 45. What is the highest level of school your mother has attended?

(00)NO FORMAL SCHOOL

(88)DON'T KNOW

(06) Graduate school (Masters) (07) Graduate school (Ph. D) ▼

45.1 Did your mother graduate from this school, or is she currently attending?

▼ ① Graduated ② Dropped out

▼

▼ 45.2 In what grade did she drop out?

GRADE

45.3 What grade is she in?

GRADE

(11)

※ Next, I am going to ask about your main job.

46. Do you have a job that provides income?

① Yes  ② No 

46.1 Do you work for someone else? 46.15 Over the last 7 days, did you actively look for a job?

①Yes ②No

46.16 Do you have any sources of income? This interest or dividends, rent, social security, other pensions, alimony or child support, public aid (welfare), and armed forces or veteran’s allotment’.

① Yes ② No



Monthly Average Income:____________

MAN(10,000)WON (CODE NO.:) (88) DON’T KNOW (77) Refusal

46.17 Have you ever had a paid job?

①Yes

②No(GO TO Q 48)

46.18 What type of job did you have at that time?

① Worked for government

② Worked for private firm

③ Worked for publicly owned firm

④ Worked for non-profit organization

⑤ Worked for the family

⑥ Self-employed with no employees

⑦ Self-employed with employees (GO TO Q46.18.1)

46.18.1 How many employees did you employ?

NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES:

46.19Did you have any subordinates in your workplace whom you directly managed and supervised?

①Yes ②No 46.20 How many hours a week did you

usually work?

Hours (888)DON’T KNOW

① Yes  ② No 

46.2 What is your employment status?

①Regular employee ②Temporary employee ③Daily employee

46.3 Are you working part time or full time?

①Part-time ②Full-time 46.4 How many hours a week do you

usually work?

46.5 Is it possible to keep this job as long as you want?

① Yes ② No ⑻DON’T KNOW

46.6 Are you employed by the government, a publicly owned firm, a private firm, or a non-profit organization?

①Government ②Publicly owned firm ③Private firm ④Non-profit organization 46.7 Are you a union member?

①Yes ②No (GO TO Q46.7.1) (IF NOT UNION MEMBER)

46.7.1 Were you a member of trade union before?

①Yes ②No



46.8 If not employed, are you working for the family, self-employed with no employees, or self-employed with employees?

①Working for the family ②Self-employed with no employees ③Self-employed with employees (GO TO Q 46.8.1)

(IF SELF-EMPLOYED WITH EMPLOYEES)

46.8.1 How many employees do you employ?

46.9 Are you working part time or full time?

①Part-time ②Full-time 46.10 How many hours a week do you

usually work?

46.11 How long have you worked for the current work?

Years Months



46.12.1 How many subordinates do you have in your workplace whom you manage and supervise? persons (IF NOT HAVE, GO TO Q46.13) 46.12.2 Do you have any subordinates in your workplace whom you directly manage

and supervise?

①Yes ②No (8)DON’T KNOW

46.13 Before taxes and other deductions, what is your total monthly average income from this job? This includes your base pay, bonuses, and other allowances. (IF THE RESPONDENT DOES NOT HAVE A REGULAR MONTHLY INCOME (EX. FARMER), THEN DIVIDE THE ESTIMATED ANNUAL INCOME BY 12.)

ABOUT MAN(10,000) WON (CODE NO.: ) (88) DON’T KNOW (77) Refusal

46.14 Beside income from your main job, do you have other sources of income?

This includes interest or dividends, rent, social security, other pensions, alimony or child support, public aid (welfare), and armed forces or veteran’s allotment’. If any, what is your monthly average income?

① Yes ② No (GO TO Q.47) 

Other Monthly Average Income: MAN(10,000) WON (CODE NO.: ) (88) DON’T KNOW (77) Refusal

47. What kind of work do you normally do? What do you actually do in that job? If currently not working, tell me about your last job.

47.1.^INDUSTRY: 47.2.^OCCUPATION:

(12)

※ Next, I am going to ask about your spouse's main job.

48. Does your spouse have a job that provides income? (9) NO SPOUSE (GO TO Q.50)

① Yes  ② No 

48.1 Does your spouse work for someone else? 48.14 Over the last 7 days, did your spouse actively look for a job?

①Yes ②No

48.15 Does your spouse have any sources of income? This interest or dividends, rent, social security, other pensions, alimony or child support, public aid (welfare), and armed forces or veteran’s allotment’.

① Yes ② No Monthly Average Income:

(10,000) WON (CODE NO.: ) (88) DON’T KNOW

48.16 Has your spouse ever had a paid job?

①Yes

②No(GO TO Q.50)

48.17 What type of job did your spouse have at that time?

① Worked for government

② Worked for private firm

③ Worked for publicly owned firm

④ Worked for non-profit organization

⑤ Worked for the family

⑥ Self-employed with no employees

⑦ Self-employed with employees (GO TO Q48.17.1)

48.17.1 How many employees did your spouse employ?

(888)DON’T KNOW 48.18 Did your spouse have any

subordinates in the workplace whom s/he directly managed and supervised?

48.19 How many hours a week did your spouse usually work?

① Yes  ② No 

48.2 What is your spouse’s employment status?

①Regular employee ②Temporary employee ③Daily employee

48.3 Is your spouse working part time or full time?

①Part-time ②Full-time 48.4 How many hours a week does your

spouse usually work?

48.5 Is it possible for your spouse to keep this job as long as s/he wants?

① Yes ② No ⑻DON’T KNOW

48.6 Is your spouse employed by the government, a publicly owned firm, a private firm, or a non-profit organization?

①Government ②Publicly owned firm

③Private firm ④Non-profit organization 48.7 Is your spouse a union member?

① Yes

② No(GO TO Q48.7.1) (IF NOT UNION MEMBER)

48.7.1 Was your spouse a member of trade union before?

① Yes ② No



48.8 If not employed, is your spouse working for the family, self-employed with no employees, or self-employed with employees?

①Working for the family ②Self-employed with no employees

③Self-employed with employees (GO TO Q48.8.1)

(IF SELF-EMPLOYED WITH EMPLOYEES) 48.8.1 How many employees does your

spouse employ?

48.9 Is your spouse working part time or full time?

①Part-time ②Full-time 48.10 How many hours a week does your

spouse usually work?

Hours

(888)DON’T KNOW



48.11.1How many subordinates does your spouse have in the workplace whom s/he manages and supervises?

persons (IF NOT HAVE, GO TO Q48.12)

48.11.2 Does your spouse have any subordinates in the workplace whom s/he directly manages and supervises?

48.12 Before taxes and other deductions, what is your spouse's total monthly average income from this job? This includes his/her base pay, bonuses, and other allowances. (IF THE RESPONDENT'S SPOUSE DOES NOT HAVE A REGULAR MONTHLY INCOME (EX. FARMER), THEN DIVIDE THE ESTIMATED ANNUAL INCOME BY 12.)

ABOUT MAN(10,000) WON (CODE NO.: ) (88) DON’T KNOW (77) Refusal

48.13 Beside income from the main job of your spouse, does your spouse have other sources of income? This includes interest or dividends, rent, social security, other pensions, alimony or child support, public aid (welfare), and armed forces or veteran’s allotment’. If any, what is his/her monthly average income?

① Yes ② No (GO TO Q.49) 

Other Monthly Average Income: MAN(10,000) WON (CODE NO.: ) (88) DON’T KNOW (77) Refusal

49. What kind of work does your spouse normally do? What does s/he actually do in that job? If currently not working, tell me about his/her last job.

49.1. ^INDUSTRY: 49.2. ^OCCUPATION:

(13)

50. Before taxes and other deductions, what is the total average monthly income in your household? This includes all sources of income (ex. work income, interest or dividends, property income, rent, pensions, welfare support, or the money personally provided by somebody) from all household members including yourself.(IF THE RESPONDENT DOES NOT HAVE A REGULAR MONTHLY INCOME (EX. FARMER), DIVIDE THE ESTIMATED ANNUAL INCOME BY 12. MAKE SURE TO INCLUDE THE INCOME OF EACH FAMILY MEMBER LIVING WITH THE RESPONDENT MENTIONED IN Q37, 38, 39)

APPROXIMATELY: MAN(10,000) WON (CODE NUMBER: ) (88) DON’T KNOW (77) Refusal

※ To begin with, we have some questions about women.

51A. To what extent do you agree or disagree …?

SHOW CARD

Strongly agree Agree

Neither agree

nor disagree

Can't choose

l

1) A working mother can establish just as warm and secure a

relationship with her children as a mother who does not work. ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤ ^⑻ 2) A pre-school child is likely to suffer if his or her mother

works. ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤ ^⑻

3) All in all, family life suffers when the woman has a full-time

job. ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤ ^⑻

4) A job is all right, but what most women really want is a

home and children. ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤ ^⑻

5) Being a housewife is just as fulfilling as working for pay. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑻

51B. And to what extent do you agree or disagree …?

SHOW CARD

Strongly

agree Agree

Neither agree nor

disagree

Can't choose

l

1) Both the man and woman should contribute to the

household income. ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤ ⑻

2) A man's job is to earn money; a woman's job is to

look after the home and family. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑻

52. Do you think that women should work outside the home full-time, part-time or not at all under the following circumstances?

SHOW CARD

Work full-time

Work

part-time Stay at home Can't choose

1) When there is a child under school age ^① ^② ^③ ⑻

2) After the youngest child starts school. ^① ^② ^③ ⑻

53. To what extent do you agree or disagree …?

SHOW

CARD Strongly

agree

Agree

Neither agree nor

disagree

Can't choose

l

1) Married people are generally happier than unmarried

people. ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤ ^⑻

2) People who want children ought to get married. ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤ ⑻ 3) It is all right for a couple to live together without

intending to get married. ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤ ⑻

4) Divorce is usually the best solution when a couple

can’t seem to work out their marriage problems. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑻

(14)

54. Children grow up in different kinds of families. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements?

SHOW CARD

Strongly

agree Agree

Neither agree nor

disagree

Can't choose

l

PROBI NG

1) One parent can bring up a child as well as two

parents together. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑻

2) A same sex female couple can bring up a child as

well as a male-female couple. _① _② _③ _④ _⑤ ⑻

3) A same sex male couple can bring up a child as well

as a male-female couple. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑻

55. All in all, what do you think is the ideal number of children for a family to have?

56. To what extent do you agree or disagree …?

SHOW CARD

Strongly

agree Agree

Neither agree

nor disagree

Can't choose

l

1)Watching children grow up is life's greatest joy. ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤ ⑻

2)Having children interferes too much with the freedom of

parents. ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤ ⑻

3)Children are a financial burden on their parents. ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤ ⑻

4)Having children restricts the employment and career chances of

one or both parents. ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤ ⑻

5)Having children increases people’s social standing in society. ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤ ⑻

6)Adult children are an important source of help for elderly

parents. ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤ ⑻

57. Consider a couple who both work full-time and now have a new born child. One of them stops working for some time to care for their child. Do you think there should be paid leave available and, if so, for how long?

PROBI NG

①Yes ⇨ months

②No, there should be no paid

leave ⇨ (GO TO Q58A)

57.1 (IF YOU ARE IN FAVOUR OF PAID LEAVE) And who should pay for this leave?

SHOW

CARD ① The government ③ Both the government andthe employer ⑻ Can’t choose

② The employer (7)Other sources

57.2 (IF YOU ARE IN FAVOUR OF PAID LEAVE) Still thinking about the same couple, if both are in a similar work situation and are eligible for paid leave, how should this paid leave period be divided between the mother and the father?

SHOW

CARD ① The mother should take the entire paid leave period and the father should not take any paid leave.

② The mother should take most of the paid leave period and the father should take some of it.

③ The mother and the father should each take half of the paid leave period.

④ The father should take most of the paid leave period and the mother should take some of it.

⑤The father should take the entire paid leave period and the mother should not take any paid leave.

(15)

58A. Consider a family with a child under school age. What, in your opinion, is the best way for them to organize their family and work life?

SHOW CARD

① The mother stays at home and the father works full-time.

② The mother works part-time and the father works full-time.

③ Both the mother and the father work full-time.

④ Both the mother and the father work part-time.

⑤ The father works part-time and the mother works full-time.

⑥ The father stays at home and the mother works full-time.

58B. And, in your opinion, which of these options would be the least desirable?

SHOW CARD

① The mother stays at home and the father works full-time.

② The mother works part-time and the father works full-time.

③ Both the mother and the father work full-time.

④ Both the mother and the father work part-time.

⑤ The father works part-time and the mother works full-time.

⑥ The father stays at home and the mother works full-time.

59A. People have different views on childcare for children under school age. Who do you think should primarily provide childcare?

SHOW CARD

① Family members ④ Private childcare providers (e.g. private crèche,

nanny, babysitter)

② Government agencies ⑤ Employers

③Non-profit organisations (e.g. charitable organisations, churches/religious organisations)

⑻ Can’t choose

59B. Who do you think should primarily cover the costs of childcare for children under school age?

PROBI NG

① The family ③ The employers

② The government/public funds

60A. Thinking about elderly people who need some help in their everyday lives, such as help with grocery shopping, cleaning the house, doing the laundry etc. Who do you think should primarily provide this help?

SHOW CARD

① Family members ③ Non-profit organisations (e.g. charitable

organisations, churches/religious organisations)

② Government agencies ④ Private providers of this kind of help

60B. And who do you think should primarily cover the costs of this help to these elderly people?

① The elderly people themselves or their

family ② The government/public funds

61A. On average, how many hours a week do you personally spend on household work, not including childcare and leisure time activities?

Hours

61B. On average, how many hours a week do you spend looking after family members (e.g. children, elderly, ill or disabled family members)?

Hours

(16)

62. How satisfied or dissatisfied were you with the treatment you received … SHOW

CARD Completel

y satisfied Very satisfied

Fairly satisfied

Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied

Fairly dissatisfie

d

Completely dissatisfied

Does not apply

Can't choose

1) When you last visited a doctor? _① _② _③ _④ _⑤ _⑥ _⑦ ⑼

2) When you last visited an [alternative /traditional/ folk] health

care practitioner? ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤ ^⑥ ^⑦ ⑼

3) When you were last in hospital? ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑼

※ PLEASE ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS. IF YOU ARE CURRENTLY LIVING WITH YOUR SPOUSE OR A PARTNER. OTHERWISE GO TO Question 70.

63. How long have you been living with your spouse/partner?

Years Less than a year

64A. And what about your spouse/partner? On average, how many hours a week does he/she spend on household work, not including childcare and leisure time activities?

Hours

64B. And on average, how many hours a week does he/she spend looking after family members (e.g. children, elderly, ill or disabled family members)?

Hours

65. How do you and your spouse/partner organize the income that one or both of you receive? Please choose the option that comes closest.

SHOW CARD

① I manage all the money and give my spouse/partner his/her share

② My spouse/partner manages all the money and gives me my share

③ We pool all the money and each take out what we need

④ We pool some of the money and keep the rest separate

⑤ We each keep our own money separate

66. In your household who does the following things … ? SHOW

CARD Always me Usually me

About equal or

both together

Usually my spouse/part

ner

Always my spouse/part

ner

Is done by a third person

Can't choose

1) Does the laundry ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑻

2) Makes small repairs around thehouse ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑤ ^⑥ ^⑻

3) Cares for sick family members ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑻

4) Shops for groceries ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑻

5) Does the household cleaning ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑻

6) Prepares the meals ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑻

67. Which of the following best applies to the sharing of household work between you and your spouse/partner?

① I do much more than my fair share of the household work

② I do a bit more than my fair share of the household work

③ I do roughly my fair share of the household work

④ I do a bit less than my fair share of the household work

⑤ I do much less than my fair share of the household work

(17)

68. When you and your spouse/partner make decisions about choosing shared weekend activities, who has the final say?

SHOW CARD

① Mostly me

② Mostly my spouse/partner

③ Sometimes me/sometimes my spouse/partner

④ We decide together

⑤ Someone else

69. Considering all sources of income, between you and your spouse/partner, who has the higher income?

SHOW CARD

① My spouse/partner has no income ^⑤ My spouse/partner has a higher income

② I have a much higher income ⑥ My spouse/partner has a much higher income

③ I have a higher income ⑦ I have no income

④ We have about the same income

70. How often has each of the following happened to you during the past three months?

SHOW CARD

Several times a week

Several times a month

Once or

twice Never

Doesn't apply/

nojob

l1)I have come home from work too tired to do the chores which need

to be done. ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑼

2)It has been difficult for me to fulfil my family responsibilities because

of the amount of time I spent on my job. ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑼

3)I have arrived at work too tired to function well because of the

household work I had done. ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑼

4)I have found it difficult to concentrate at work because of my family

responsibilities. ^① ^② ^③ ^④ ^⑼

71. If you were to consider your life in general, how happy or unhappy would you say you are, on the whole?

SHOW CARD

① Completely happy ④ Neither happy nor unhappy ⑤ Fairly unhappy

② Very happy ⑥ Very unhappy

③ Fairly happy ⑦ C o m p l e t e l y

unhappy 72. All things considered, how satisfied are you with your (main) job?

SHOW CARD

① Completely satisfied ④ Neither satisfied nor

dissatisfied

⑤ Fairly dissatisfied

② Very satisfied ⑥ Very dissatisfied

③ Fairly satisfied ⑼ Doesn't apply/no job ⑦ C o m p l e t e l y

dissatisfied 73. All things considered, how satisfied are you with your family life?

SHOW CARD

① Completely satisfied ④ Neither satisfied nor

dissatisfied

⑤ Fairly dissatisfied

② Very satisfied ⑥ Very dissatisfied

③ Fairly satisfied ⑦ C o m p l e t e l y

dissatisfied 74. In general, would you say your health is … ?

① Excellent ③ Good ④ Fair

② very good ⑤ Poor

75. Did your mother ever work for pay for as long as one year, after you were born and before you were 14?

① Yes, she worked for pay ② No ⑻ Don't know

(18)

※ PLEASE ANSWER QUESTIONS 76A-77 IF YOU HAVE EVER HAD CHILDREN. OTHERWISE GO TO Q78.

76A. Did you work outside the home full-time, part-time, or not at all … SHOW

CARD

Worked full-time

Worked

part-time Stayed at home Does not apply

1) When a child was under school age? ^① ^② ^③ ⑻

2) After the youngest child started school? ^① ^② ^③ ⑻

76B. What about your spouse/partner at that time -- did he or she work outside the home full-time, part-time, or not at all …

SHOW CARD

Worked full-time

Worked

part-time Stayed at home Does not apply

1) When a child was under school age? ^① ^② ^③ ⑻

2) After the youngest child started school? ^① ^② ^③ ⑻

77. Who usually makes/made the decisions about how to bring up your children?

SHOW CARD

① Mostly me ④ We decide together/decided together

② Mostly my spouse/partner ⑤ Someone else

③ Sometimes me/sometimesmy spouse/partner

※ NEXT, LET ME ASK A FEW QUESTIONS ABOUT YOUR SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS.

78. Are you a member of the following organizations or groups? If so, please indicate whether you are actively involved or not.

SHOW

CARD Yes, actively involved Yes, but hardly

involved No

PROBI

NG 1) Political association ^① ^② ^③

2) Residential/neighborhood association ^① ^② ^③

3) Social service club (Volunteer group/ NPO) ^① ^② ^③

4) Citizens’ movement/ Consumers’ cooperative group ^① ^② ^③

5) Religious group ^① ^② ^③

6) Alumni association ^① ^② ^③

7) Recreational association (hobby and sports) ^① ^② ^③

8) Labor union ^① ^② ^③

9) Occupational/Professional association/Trade association ^① ^② ^③

79A. Among the organizations/groups you mentioned in 78, in which of them did you participate most actively in the last 12 months?

SHOW CARD

① Political association ⑥ Alumni association

② Residential/neighborhood association ⑦ Recreational association (hobby and sports)

③ Social service club (Volunteer group/NPO) ⑧ Labor union

④ Citizens’ movement/ Consumers’

cooperative group ⑨ Occupational/ Professional association/

Trade association

⑤ Religious group ⁽⁹⁹⁾NOT APPLICABLE

79B. Of this organization/group, which of the following best describes the relationships among the members?

SHOW CARD

① There are clear authority lines between superiors and subordinates

② There are superiors and subordinates, but members rotate in those roles

③ There are not clear authority lines, and members are mostly equal to each other

④ Members are fundamentally equal to each other (9) NOT APPLICABLE

(19)

79C. Are members in this organization/group different from each other in the way they think and do things?

SHOW CARD

① Almost all members are similar to eachother ④ Almost all members are different from eachother

② There are more members who are similarthan those who are different. (9) NOT APPLICABLE

③ There are more members who aredifferent than those who are similar

80A. On an ordinary day, with how many family members or relatives, excluding those who live with you, do you have contact through telephone, mails, internet, or face-to-face? Your best estimate is:

SHOW CARD

① 0 ④ 5-9 ⑦ 50-99

② 1-2 ⑤ 10-19 ⑧ 100 or more

③ 3-4 ⑥ 20-49 (88) CAN’T CHOOSE

80B. On an ordinary day, with how many people other than family members or relatives do you have contact through telephone, mails, internet, or face-to-face? Your best estimate is:

SHOW CARD

① 0 ④ 5-9 ⑦ 50-99

② 1-2 ⑤ 10-19 ⑧ 100 or more

③ 3-4 ⑥ 20-49 (88) CAN’T CHOOSE

80C. Among nonkin contacts with whom you frequently socialize, which of the following best describes social characteristics of these people?

SHOW CARD

① You have contact more with people who are socially higher than those who are lower.

② The majority of people with whom you have contact are socially equivalent to you.

③ You have contact more with people who are socially lower than those who are higher.

81. Do you have any relatives, friends, or acquaintances that fit the following occupational descriptions? An acquaintance is someone whom you know enough to have conversations with

SHOW CARD

Yes No

1) Professor ① ②

2) Lawyer ① ②

3) Nurse ① ②

4) Computer programmer ① ②

5) Middle school teacher ① ②

6) Personnel manager ① ②

7) Farmer ① ②

8) Hair dresser ① ②

9) Receptionist ① ②

10) Policeman ① ②

82A. Do you have relatives, friends, or acquaintances in a foreign country?

① Yes ② No

82B. Do you have acquaintances of foreign origin? [Foreign origin means the person is not a legal citizen of your country]

① Yes ② No

(20)

83. During the process of getting your current/last job, how many people (relatives, friends, or acquaintances) helped you in all kinds of ways, e.g., telling you job opportunities, putting a good word for you, etc. If you do not work for pay at this time, please tell us about your last main paid job.

⑼ Never has had a job 1 ^➃ 4

⓪ 0 ➁ 2 ^➄ 5

 ➂ 3 ^➅ 6 or more

(GO TO Q84)

83.1. Were the kinds of help provided useful to getting/securing your job?

① No ② Yes, to some extent

③ Yes, to a great extent 84. How often do you go out to eat or drink with three or more nonkin others?

① Never (SKIP to 85) ④ Often

② Few ⑤ Very often

③ Sometimes

84.1 Do the following situations occur to these occasions?

Yes No

1) Someone with special status often speaks first ① ②

2) One or two people often dominate the conversation ① ②

3) Seating is often carefully managed even on informal occasions ① ② 84.2 How often do you meet new friends on these occasions?

① Never ④ Often

② Few ⑤ Very often

③ Sometimes

85. When people encounter problems, they may go to formal and informal channels for help. In dealing with the following problems that occurred to you last time, tell me the one channel from which you sought help first.

[This is about respondent’s actual experience, not hypothetical situation.]

SHOW

CARD Co-residenc

e family

Other relatives

Work

colleagues Neighbors Friends

Professional workers/inst

itutions

Did not seek help to anybody

Never had such a problem

1) Emotional/psychological ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ (9)

2) Health ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ (9)

3) Household chores/cares ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ (9)

4) Financial ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ (9)

5) Emergency/disaster ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ (9)

86A. For a close estimate, with how many neighbors are you on greeting terms?

① 0 ④ 5-9

② 1-2 ⑤ 10 or more

③ 3-4

86B. With how many neighbors could you ask for a favor when needed, such as watering plants, feeding pets, and giving an advice?

① 0 ④ 5-9

② 1-2 ⑤ 10 or more

③ 3-4