New Links of Northeast Asian Regional Cooperation / Edited by Kyuryoon Kim - Seoul: Korea Institute for National Unification, 2007 p. The New Composition of Northeast Asian Regional Cooperation..1 Kyuryoon Kim (Korea Institute for National Unification, KINU).
Ⅷ1. Introduction
The Development of Regionalism Theory
The Relationship between Economic and Security Cooperation
Promoting and Hindering Factors of Northeast Asian Regional Cooperation
The regionalism entering East Asia is the result of the economic growth of regional countries and a large increase in imports. The mutually complementary economic relationship will serve as a powerful mechanism to promote regional cooperation among regional countries.
New Cooperation Composition for Flexible Regional Cooperation
Especially, in deepening the degree of interdependence in Northeast Asia, it will take into account the need to increase the voluntary role of the private sector instead of depending only on the role of the state. In this context, as another form of the new cooperation plan to promote regional cooperation of Northeast Asia, I would like to discuss regional cooperation at the local government level first.
Northeast Asian Regional Cooperation at the Local Government-level
- Conclusion: The Structure of This Book
Thus, cooperation at the local government level can be a way to ensure the stability of Northeast Asian regional cooperation. Finally, cooperation in the field of transport is also very important, because it constitutes the infrastructure of the regional cooperation of Northeast Asia.
For example, we examined the role of local governments in regional cooperation in Northeast Asia using the case of the Busan metropolis in Korea and the international exchange cooperation of many local governments in Japan. Linking Northeast Asia Economic and Security Cooperation: Emphasis on the formation of cooperative bodies around the four major areas.
Ⅷ1. Approach to Sub-regional Units and
Internationalization of Localities
Basic Standpoint of Busan Megalopolis as a Local Government
Geopolitical Background
It is located in the southeast corner of the Korean Peninsula and is the gateway to the mainland via the peninsula on the back side and the gateway to the ocean from the mainland on the other side. If we take a closer look, it is a port with excellent geopolitical locations and a point of strategic importance that connects the continent and the ocean in terms of international location.
The Sub-regional Unit Approach Method
Ⅷ3. Localized Northeast Asian International Exchange of
Busan Megalopolis
- Vladivostok
- Shanghai
- Fukuoka
- Shimonoseki
- Localized Northeast Asian Economic Cooperation of Busan Megalopolis
- Harbor Physical Distribution
- Busan-Jinhae Free Economic Zone (BJFEZ)
- Analysis of the Role of ‘The Association of Northeast Asian Regional Governments’
- History and Basic Principles
- Member Local Governments
- Major Role
For the port of Busan to be reborn as a physical distribution hub of Northeast Asian ports despite having these locational conditions, economic cooperation from sub-regional units is needed. Analysis of the Role of the 'Association of Regional Governments of Northeast Asia' of Regional Governments of Northeast Asia'.
Ⅷ6. Conclusion
- The Legal Status of Japan’s Local Government and Its Capacity for International Exchange
- History of Local Administration in Japan
- The Role of the Local Government System in Japan
- The Relationship between the State and Local Government
- Theoretical Basis for Local Governments’
- Changes in the Japanese Local Governments’
The overseas activities of Japanese local governments are considered either "complementary diplomacy" or "counter-diplomacy" in Japan. When it comes to regional cooperation in Northeast Asia, the activities of local governments are mainly based on the strategy of local activation.
International Exchanges
- Sister City Exchange
- Sister City Exchange Subsidized by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan
- Local Government-Requested Official Development Assistance (ODA)
- Japanese Governments’ International Exchange Cases
- Cases of Local Government-Requested Technical Cooperation
- Problems and Tasks Regarding Local Governments’
Since Niigata City participated in the “China Harbin Fair for Trade and Economic Cooperation” in June 1997, Harbin has allocated a booth every year to introduce Niigata City during the fair. In 1986, a friendly exchange program between youth from Niigata Prefecture and Heilongjiang Province began.
International Exchange
Problems in Local Governments’ International Exchange
While the local government carries out international exchange activities, budget funds are spent on activities that do not directly contribute to the improvement of the living conditions of the inhabitants. This means that residents can argue that international exchange or local government exchange activities are not local government affairs.
Future Task
- Conclusion
- Japan’s International Cooperation on the Health and Medical Sector
In case the state does not tolerate the activities of the local governments outside the state, the local governments must spend the budgets themselves. The right to diplomacy" in the Constitution and in the foreign affairs of local governments." Constitutional issues.
The Policy of the International Cooperation in the Medical Care Field of the Japanese Government
In the paper, the author first reviews the content of international cooperation in the field of medical care in Japan. In this work, the author describes the policy of the Japanese government regarding international cooperation in the field of health care, which is defined in the charter.
The Main Field of the International Cooperation in the Medical Care Field of Japan
In Cambodia, support to the field of maternal and child health, which deals with improving the health of a mother and a child, has been provided for many years. JICA is supporting the training of medical care followers united with the situation of each country.
The Method of the International Cooperation in the Medical Care Field of Japan
- Examples of Japan’s Cooperation in the Health and Medical Sector
It produces a very urgent development project plan with the responsible person of a partner country. Even after the young of the developing country returns, there are many examples that follow the Japanese staff and cooperative relations with the citizens.
Project for Surveillance and Control for Vaccine-Preventable Diseases 1
Hepatitis B) According to the national hepatitis B prevention plan,” the three vaccinations of the hepatitis B virus newborn vaccine in the target provinces achieve and maintain about 90% of the vaccination rate of the study. Regulations regarding the medical management of general hospital rehabilitation." The installation of the rehabilitation department and the arrangement of the physiotherapist and occupational therapist were mandatory for a large-scale general hospital.
Japan-China Friendship Project of Chinese Medicine Safety Evaluation Management Center
- Future Possibility of Japan’s Cooperation in Northeast Asia
For this reason, it can be said that there is room for Japan to establish international cooperation in a medical care sector of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. One of the important areas of international cooperation in Japan's medical care is infection.
Ⅷ5. The North-South Cooperation in the Fields of Health
Health Situation in DPRK and the Significance of the North-South Cooperation
North-South cooperation in the field of health and medicine, with the aim of realizing a health community on the Korean peninsula, is a starting point. Thus, it is imperative to prepare for the increased medical needs of workers in the Gaesung Industrial Complex through North-South cooperation in the fields of health and medicine.
The Goals of the North-South Cooperation in the Fields of Health and Medicine
A Strategy for Promoting the North-South Cooperation in the Fields of Health and Medicine
North-South cooperation in the field of health and medicine will only be successful when it reflects the needs and thoughts of the North Korean authorities. When the exchange of activities with North Korea is activated in the field of economy, energy, environment, etc.
Especially with the cooperation between Korea, China and Japan as the most important key point, environmental cooperation among the Northeast Asian countries has become a very important issue due to geopolitical reasons. Development methods should be converted and the quality of development should be upgraded to achieve this goal.
Ⅷ2. China’s Environmental Protection Strategy
Troubled Issues in China’s Environment
与此同时，中国环境工程宏观战略研究组组长、中国工程院官员沉国放用具体的数字证据论证了中国环境问题的严重性。 《2006-2010年国民经济和社会发展第十一个五年规划》。
China’s Strategy on Environmental Protection
- China’s Principles and Standpoint towards International Environmental Problems
To do this, environmental protection regulations and a standard system must be implemented and gradually improved. To do this, there should be a significant historical conversion in the following three aspects.
A Principle that Induces Harmony between
Principles of Demand in Developing Countries
China proposes that a certain level of economic development becomes a fundamental solution to break the vicious circle, because it will allow the country to eradicate poverty, protect the environment and actively participate in international cooperation in the field of environmental protection. In this regard, international environmental cooperation, such as cooperation between South and North Korea, should be discussed on the basis of the principle of equality.
A Principle of Responsibility that is Communal but Differentiating
Therefore, a principle of responsibility that is common but differentiating should be observed in international environmental protection cooperation. Developed countries have responsibilities and should be role models in environmental protection and should also contribute more to international cooperation.
Principles of Respecting Sovereignty and Non-intervention
Then, advanced technologies needed to eradicate pollution should be made available to developing countries with privileges and non-commercial conditions. To be responsible for the common interest of humanity, the transfer of such technologies to developing countries must be regarded as an appropriate contribution to the common project of humanity.
Principles of Extensive and Effective Participation of Developing Countries
- China’s Standpoint towards the Environmental Protection Cooperation in Northeast Asian Countries
The international community should change this situation by taking measures to ensure that the participation of developing countries can be sufficiently influenced. It is proof that it is impossible to protect and regulate the global environment without the participation of developing countries, which represent the majority of the world's population.
Current Situation of Environmental Protection
The main issue of environmental cooperation between Korea and China is the comprehensive regulation of pollution and the development of the environmental industry in both countries. Environmental cooperation between local governments in China and Japan has been promoted at the twin-city level.
Necessity of China’s Participation in Environmental Cooperation in Northeast Asia
Due to the influence of climate change in Central Asia, the climate in the northwestern region of the northeastern region of China is becoming drier. Severe soil loss leads to a decrease in soil organic matter, negatively affecting the fertility and depth of the land.
Regional Environmental Cooperation in Northeast Asia for the Solution to China’s Environmental
- China’s Role in Environmental Cooperation between South and North Korea
Funding issues are the biggest obstacles to environmental protection in the Northeast region of China. Accordingly, corresponding policies should be established to actively secure government donations, free support and privilege loans when the region participates in environmental cooperation in Northeast Asia.
Current State of Promoting Environmental Cooperation between North and South Korea
Environmental exchange cooperation between the North Korean government and South Korea's business developers is promoted to protect the environment of Geumgang Tourist District and Gaeseong Industrial District, which are constructed and managed by the South-North Korea Economic Cooperation since 2000. Exchange cooperation through third countries, international organizations and conferences is valuable as a gateway to indirect exchange cooperation with North Korea.
China’s Role for Vitalization of Environmental Cooperation between North and South Korea
By providing proposals and efforts for environmental cooperation in Northeast Asia, China is expected to play a productive role in promoting North Korea's cooperation and promoting environmental cooperation between South and North Korea. Therefore, North Korea's participation in environmental cooperation in Northeast Asia is beneficial both for the improvement of North Korea's environment and economic development as well as for external economic cooperation.
Ⅷ2. Outline of Energy Situation, Prospects and Policies
Cooperation in the Energy Sector as an Engine of NEA Economic and Security Cooperation
Rationales, Advantages, and Possible Areas
RFE’s Energy Projects as a Base for NEA Energy Cooperation
Over time, the project format was expanded to include experts from the Republic of Korea. Thus, it was proposed to change the parameters of the project and include the construction of the "Vladivostok - Chongjin Railway Station".
Current Status of Energy Cooperation between Russia and Leading NEA Countries
In May 2003, JSC "Gasprom" and "Kogas" signed a cooperation agreement for a period of five years. It consisted of JSC "Rosneft" (60%), KNOC (20%) and several other Korean companies such as GS-Caltex, SK, Daewoo International, Kumho Petrochemical and Hyundai (total 20%).
Problems and Prospects of Energy Cooperation from the Russian Perspectives
