A Study on the Green Purchasing of Local Government in Korea

Teks penuh

(1)2. 〔. 1. 2001. 3 (pp. 59～74). 59. 〕＊. A Study on the Green Purchas ing of Local Government in Korea **. Ⅰ.. Ⅳ.. Ⅱ.. Ⅴ.. Ⅲ.. Ⅵ.. ·. Mi- ho ng Le e. ABSTRACT. Recently, people are interested in government's role as a large scale consumer. So, this study focused on the analysis of the present condition of the green purchasing of local government in Korea for the strengthening the government's purchasing power. We selected two methods for analysing the green purchasing of local government. One is the questionnaire survey which is distributed to the official of purchasing section included in six local governments in Korea (Metropolitan Seoul, Inchon Metropolitan, Taegu Metropolitan, Koyang City, Pohang City, Cheonan City). The other is interview method. We found out that local government purchased green product a small quantity because consumer had negative concept of green products and producer carried out passive management strategy. On the basis of the results given, it is highly recommended that green product should be improved in quality and diversity and the Public Procurement Service must offer information and incentives related to green products. Also, the local government should be drafting a new municipal ordinance of green purchasing provision and it is necessary education and training program of official of purchasing section.. ＊＊＊. (GPN). .. (2) 2. 60. 1. 2001. 3. Ⅰ.. . .. 21 , .. .. ,. .. . , .. .. (賞). (罰). .. , ,. .. ,. ( , 1999).. 1). (. (. ). ).. . .. ,. .. .. .. (Market Failure) .. .. , , (. , 2000).. Product or Greener Product). 2). ,. ,. 1). (2000) ,. 2). (Green. .. ,. , Ⅲ. , 1. .. .. (3) 61. . . , , .. .. .. 1.. . 2 , .3 . .4. ,. 6 ,. ,. ,. ( ,. ,. .. ). (Entry Barrier) ,. .. .. .. . 5. , . ,. .. ,. Ⅱ.. .. ,. (. ,. ,. ,. , 2000).. .. 3). . .. 4). ,. . .. 3) 4). (1995), (1999) .. , ,. (1997),. (1999),. (1999),. (2000),. (2000). .. (4) 2. 62. 1. 2001. 3. 2. .. . ,. ,. . .. .. . .. . (. , 2000).. (Green Procurement) . ,. .. 50%. .. 1972. (Energy Bill). 5). ,. 1992 . .. . 1975. RCRA(Resource Conservation. and Recovery Act) .. (GNP). ,. ,. .. 10～12%. (Executive Order). (Macdonald, 1991).. . .. .. ,. (. , 1999).. , .. . . 5). 「. 」 .. . ,. , 「. , 」. .. (5) 63. ,. , .. (. , 1999). .. .. .. ,. , .. .. 1.. 「」. . 」. 「 . 「. 」. Ⅲ.. , 「. 」. .. . , ,. ,. .「. ,. (. 」. , 1995). , . .. 12. ,. (Eco- friendly. . 1999. 31. 240. .. Products,. Environment-friendly. .. Products, Green Products, Greener Products etc.). 」,「. , 「. 」. . ,. .. (6) 2. 64. 1. 2001. 3. . ,. ,. . <. 2>. .. . 20%. 2.. 70%. ,. , .. . (. ),. ·. 3>. <. . (. ). , ,. ·. <. 1> (. ·. ,. (GDP. ,. 20 3. , ,. 5. ,. . <. 1> ,. .. 6,952. 44,259. 1,791. 8,399. 82,419. 2,325 135,288(3.2%) 4,184,790. 1997 51,547. 7,072. 90,454. 3,604 152,677(3.4%) 4,532,764. 1998 43,229. 4,508. 91,064. 13,210 152,011(3.4%) 4,443,665. 1999 46,880. 4,823. 85,542. 6,896 144,061(3.0%) 4,837,778. <. <. <. ,. (. 1> 1997. . 30～40%, :. 1998. :. ). 1999. (%). (%). (%). 5,154,672. 100 4,322,932. 100 4,680,000. 100. 972,363. 19 699,740. 16. 792,900. 17. 3,430,283. 67 3,023,471. 70 3,196,800. 68. 222,892. 4 120,103. 3. 133,700. 3. 529,134. 10 479,618. 11. 556,600. 12. 10～12%. 1>. 50～60%. 89,924(2.4%) 3,773,498. 2>. GNP 3%. GDP. , %). 1996 42,145. :. , 1995).. ). 1995 36,922. 5. (. :. , 1999, 「. 」. (7) 65. <. ·. 3>. ：. ( 1995. 8,374. 3,168. 1996. 1,365. 12,133. 12,907. 1997. 6,086. 2,364. 8,750. 20,583. *. 7,476. 3,989. ). 1998. 1999. 16,293 2,186 6,950. 16,900 2,682 6,984. 20,215. 25,429. 26,566. .. :. ,. ,. 4. ,. .. . , 250～270 0.02%,. GDP. , 1. 1. 0.0006%. .. 6). .. , 55～65%. . 25～35%. .. . .. 250～270. 10～20% .. .. .. (1998). .. . 60%. 68. ,. 179 .. .. , 6). 978. 10 .. 2,748 1999. .. .. .. (8) 2. 66. 1. 2001. 3. ,. . .. (GCN : Green Consumer Network). 7). 949. ,. (1998). .. .. 2000. 10. , 34. 250～270. .. .. ,. ,. ,. ,. .. .. , 2001. 2000. 3. ,4. 600. ,. .. 8). 500 .. 1.. 2000. .. , ,. ,. ,. ,. ,. 1). ,. , 1 .. , ,. . . .. 53%,. 47% (<. Ⅳ.. ·. (GPN : Green Purchasing Network). . , 7) 8). , (1998). , . (2000). ,. .. ,. <. 1>. 1>).. (9) 67. , 1 . 60% .. <. (<. <. 3>. 2>).. 2>. <. 4>. 2). , , . 「. 」. 46%. .. ,. <. .. 5>. , 「. 」 ,「. 24% 」. 3>).. (< 52%,. , .. , (<. .. 4>).. (10) 2. 68. 1. 2001. 3. , ( 32%. ) .. (TYPE. Ⅲ) 9). (<. 5>). <. 7>. 3) 4). 91.1%. 64.7% (<. (<. 6>).. <. <. 8>).. 8>. 5). 6>. 20. 82.3% ,. , (<. (TYPE Ⅲ) , ,. 9) Assessment ) (. .. 7>).. (ISO : International Standard Organization ) ,. ) .. 11. . ,. .. . (LCA : Life Cycle. (11) 69. .. 2. 22 .. 22 .. . 16. ,. ,. ,. 7. ,. .. ,. ,. ,. 6. .. 1). .. .. . 2000 , .. 6. 3. .. 15. .. 1. 4. . 6). 8. , 1 ,. ,. 9 5. 2. 4. ,. 3. 8. . .. . .. ,. . .. .. .. , .. ,. ,. , .. , 2). . , . 「 .. 21」. (12) 2. 70. 1. 2001. 3. .. ,. ,. . (全社的). .. .. 10 ). 3). (Intensive Course). 30～40. (www.iclei.org), . ,. .. , 5). .. . .. 4). . . .. ,. ,. .. (稟議) . . .. . . ,. ,. . ,. Ⅴ. .. , ,. . . 10). . .. et al(1999), Bhat, Vasanthakumar N.(1996).. (1997), Wilson, W. 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