This paper had described that seaweed has the potential ability to enhance the compressive strength of a mortar. The burnt seaweed sample at 5% and 15%
replacement ratio shows higher pore filler capacity compared to the oven dried sample which further supported by the image of FESEM. It is also worth noting that the sample with 15% ash has the lowest permeable volume of voids among other options which increase the durability of mortar. From the DSC conducted, glass transition temperature for the sample of modified mortar with seaweed ash happens at 100 degree celcius with the heat flow of 0.99W/g. The heat flow is almost constant after 150 degree celcius showing that our sample can withstand high temperature up to 400 degree celcius. Through the BET test, the theory of the higher the BET surface area, the faster the reaction will occur was validated. The 600℃ burnt sample has the highest BET surface area of 33.31 𝑚2/𝑔 among other constituents such as cement and sand.
The addition of burnt seaweed helps to fill the voids between sand and cement at a faster pace which indirectly increase the compressive strength of mortar. The cementitious property of acid treated seaweed ash was further supported by XRD which shows a high level of silicon dioxide and aluminium oxide.
For future research , various water cement ratio can be introduced to determine the optimum water cement ratio for which maximum compressive strength of mortar can be generated. Furthermore, the addition of superplastizers can be introduced in the making of mortar to improve the mortar density, which gives lesser amount of voids.
57
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63
APPENDICES
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65
Figure 30 : 1 kg of washed seaweed
Figure 31 : 975g of washed seaweed
66
Figure 32 : Grinder
Figure 33 : Muffle furnace
Figure 34 : Conventional Concrete , w/c =0.45
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Figure 35 : Sundried Seaweed for 3 days
Figure 36 : pH meter
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Figure 37 : Ingredient before mixing.
Figure 38 : Seaweed granules ( oven dried )
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Figure 39 : Seaweed powder after burning at 600 degree celcius.
Figure 40 : Assorted Sieve Size
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Figure 41 : Superplasticizers - Sika ViscoCrete 2044
Figure 42 : Fly Ash
Figure 43 : 25% Replacement of Cement by Seaweed Granules (Failure)
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Figure 44 : Casting of 5% Replacement-Seaweed Ash
Figure 45 : Casting of 5% Replacement-Seaweed Ovendried Granules
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Figure 46 : High Precision Analytical Balance
Figure 47 : Water Bath at 100 Degree Celcius (ASTM C642)