This research project is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Social Science (Hons) Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman. This accompanying research paper, titled “Association between Parent-Child Sexual Communication and the Sexual Intention Among Youth in Malaysia: Sex Difference as a Moderator,” prepared and submitted by Sasha Silva A/P Erolis Silva, Tang Jia Hang, and Ong Qian Xing in part fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Social Science (Hons) Psychology is hereby accepted. Since parents or guardians were regarded as the gateway for children to receive sexual information, this study aimed to examine the relationship between parent-child sexual communication (permissive and restrictive) and sexual intent among young people in Malaysia.
This study also found that child gender and sexual experience were significant predictors of young people's sexual intentions in Malaysia, but not restrictive and permissive father-child sexual communication. In addition, there was no moderating effect of child gender on the relationship between. restrictive and permissive) sexual communication between parents and children and the sexual intentions of young people in Malaysia. List of Abbreviations SPSS Statistical Package for the Social Sciences PCSC Parent-Child Sexual Communication.
Introduction
To investigate the prediction of parent-child sexual communication (permissive and restrictive), specifically for fathers and mothers, on sexual intention among young people in Malaysia. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between sexual communication between parents and children and sexual intention among young people in Malaysia. H3: Sex significantly moderates the association between permissive sexual communication between father and child and sexual intention among young people in Malaysia.
H4: Sex significantly moderates the relationship between permissive mother-child sexual communication and sexual intention among young people in Malaysia. H5: Sex significantly moderates the association between restrictive father-child sexual communication and sexual intention among young people in Malaysia. H6: Sex significantly moderates the relationship between restrictive mother-child sexual communication and sexual intention among young people in Malaysia.
Literature Review
However, other research (Negy et al., 2016) found that there was no significant relationship between parent-child sexual communication and youth sexual values and behavior. The moderating role of children's sex in the relationship between parent-child sexual communication and sexual intention. Therefore, Family Communication Patterns Theory is applied in this research to explain the relationship between parent-child sexual communication and youth sexual intention.
The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between parent-child sexual communication and sexual intention among young people in Malaysia. Therefore, Family Communication Patterns Theory was used to explain the relationship between parent-child sexual communication and adolescents' intention to have sex. The Family Communication Pattern Theory was used in this study to explain the relationship between parent-child sexual communication and the young people's sexual intentions.
Methodology
Of the total population of Malaysia, 45.4 percent were Malaysians, of which approximately 14.85 million Malaysians were known as the youth. The estimated sample size of a population greater than 1 million will be 384 following certain guidelines given by Krejcie and Morgan (1970) for deciding sample size. Compared to a previous study on family sexual communication and adolescent and young adult sexual outcomes, the study sample size was 326, which could be used to support that the target sample size of this research is sufficient (Isaacs, 2012).
The instruments used in this research were the Youth Sexual Intentions Questionnaire (Muhammad et al., 2017) and the Family Sexual Communication Scale (Isaacs, 2012). They first asked about participants' gender, followed by age, nationality, ethnicity, religion, employment status, and current relationship. The Family Sexual Communication Scale (Isaacs, 2012) is intended to measure the frequency, quality, and content of family sexual communication (permissive and restrictive messages).
The study procedure of the study involving human or animal subjects, human tissues, and personal data was reviewed and approved by the UTAR Scientific and Ethical Review Committee (SERC) prior to study data collection (see Appendix C). The information sheet consisting of the title of the survey, the purpose of the survey, the estimated duration of answering the question. According to Table 3.1, the reliability of the instruments used in the pilot study for sexual intention, restrictive sexual communication between father and child, permissive sexual communication between father and child, restrictive sexual communication between mother and child, and permissive sexual communication between mother and child .84 respectively.
Reliability of the actual study on sexual intention, restrictive sexual communication between father and child, permissive sexual communication between father and child, restrictive sexual communication between mother and child, and permissive sexual communication between mother and child. Paired sample t-test was used to show differences in parent-child sexual communication (permissive and restrictive) separately for both parents during Malaysian youth. Hierarchical multiple linear regression was used to examine predictors of parent-child sexual communication. permissive and restrictive) on sexual intentions among young people in Malaysia.
The Youth Sexual Intention Questionnaire and the Family Sexual Communication Scale were used to measure the variables in this current study.
Result
Permissive sexual communication between father and child had a mean score of 23.33 (SD = 7.67), while 54.1 percent of respondents scored below the mean. Research Question 1: Are there differences in parent-child gender communication (permissive versus restrictive) specifically for fathers and mothers among youth in Malaysia. H1: The frequency of permissive sexual communication between father and child is higher than the frequency of restrictive sexual communication between father and child among young people in Malaysia.
H2: The frequency of restrictive sexual communication between mother and child is higher than the frequency of permissive sexual communication between parents and children among young people in Malaysia. Predictors: (Constant), Gender of children, Experiences with sexual relations, Restrictive sexual communication between father and child, Permissive sexual communication between father and child. Hierarchical multiple linear regression was used to assess whether restrictive and permissive father-child sexual communication significantly predicts sexual intention among young people in Malaysia, while child gender and sexual experience are control variables for this model.
Restrictive and permissive sexual communication between mother and child was not included in the model because these variables did not significantly correlate with sexual intention (see Table 4.6). With the addition of restrictive and permissive sexual communication between father and child in Model 2, it accounted for a significant 1.5 percent of the variance in sexual intention, ΔF p < 0.05. Hayes SPSS Macro PROCESS was used to determine the moderating effect of child gender on the association between permissive father-child sexual communication and sexual intention among young people in Malaysia, with sexual attitudes acting as a control variable.
The interaction between child gender and permissive sexual communication between father and child was not significant b = 0.02, t p. However, the interaction between child gender and permissive sexual communication between mother and child was not significant b = .03, t p = .794. In conclusion, child gender did not have a moderating effect on the association between sexual intention and permissive mother-child sexual communication, so H4 was not supported.
H2: The frequency of sexually restrictive mother-child communication is higher than the permitted mother-child frequency.
Discussion
Research Question 2: Does parent-child (fathers and mothers) sexual communication (permissive and restrictive) predict sexual intentions among young people in Malaysia. The second research question of this study was to determine whether parent-child (fathers and mothers) sexual communication (permissive and restrictive) predicts sexual intentions among young people in Malaysia. The results of the study showed that children's gender and sexual experience were presented as significant predictors of sexual intention among young people in Malaysia, even after controlling for the effect.
Unfortunately, none of the four main predictors (permissive sexual communication between father and child, restrictive sexual communication between father and child, permissive sexual communication between mother and child, and restrictive sexual communication between mother and child) could significantly predict the young people's sexual intention. Therefore, the survey results of the present study were in line with the previous studies, as children's gender and experience of sexual intercourse significantly predicted young people's sexual intention. Research question 3: Does the gender of children moderate the associations between parent-child (fathers and mothers), sexual communication (permissive and restrictive) and sexual intention among young people in Malaysia?
From the current findings of the research, it was found that gender of children does not affect parent-child connection (fathers and mothers), sexual communication (permissive and restrictive) and sexual intentions among young people in Malaysia. On the other hand, for most of the past, men are said to have a higher sexual intention than women. This study found that more than half of the participants showed high sexual intention.
Future research might consider broadening the age groups and studying the sexual intent of vulnerable groups such as adolescents in Malaysia. In this study, the aim of the study was to study the relationship between parent-child sexual communication and sexual intention among young people in Malaysia. A correlative research method was used to describe the relationship between sexual communication between parents and children and sexual intention among young people in Malaysia, with sex as a moderator.
Finally, this result showed that sexual communication between parents and children does not predict the sexual intention of young people in Malaysia. Title of the project: Association between parent-child sexual communication and sexual intention among young people in Malaysia: gender differences as a moderator. I will be asked to complete a questionnaire/interview/focus group session on parent-child sexual communication and sexual intent.
