This research project aims to examine the factors influencing job selection preferences among business students in Malaysia. The purpose of this research project is to investigate the factors influencing the job selection preferences of business students in Malaysia.
RESEARCH OVERVIEW
- Introduction
- Research Background
- Research Problem
- Research Objectives & Research Questions
- General Objective
- Specific Objectives
- General Question
- Specific Questions
- Significant of Study
- Conclusion
For example, only 3.5 percent of respondents said that finding a job in Malaysia is easy or very easy. In addition, about 30 percent of fresh graduates demand a salary of RM6,500.
LITERATURE REVIEW
- Introduction
- Underlying Theories
- Review of Variables
- Dependent Variable
- Independent Variables
- Proposed Conceptual Framework
- Hypotheses Development
- Conclusion
When the value of the valence measure is exactly zero, it means that the person does not care about prices. The journal stated that organizational identity was defined as the perspective and point of view of internal points in the organization such as employees for organizations (Lievens, 2017).
METHODOLOGY
- Introduction
- Research Design
- Sampling Design
- Target Population
- Sampling Location
- Sampling Technique
- Sampling Size
- Data Collection Method
- Primary Data
- Secondary Data
- Proposed Data Analysis Tool
- Conclusion
The sample size is very decisive for how valid and how reliable the result will be (Littler, 2019). Moreover, a journal showing that it will be more appropriate for most of the research as the sample sizes are between 30 and 500 (Asaari, 2012). Therefore, respondents had to look at the average of six statements for each variable in the research.
Each of the statements was asked on a 5-point Likert scale, where 1 was strongly disagree (SD), 2 was disagree (D), 3 was too neutral (N), 4 was agree (A) and finally 5 was too much agree (SA) statement. The information suitability, journal sources, journal writer, journal citation, journal references or other related information will be checked for suitability for use in this research project. Each of the dependent variables and independent variables is supported by three to four journals.
Each of the journals are supporting details to support the reliability of the data of this research project. The descriptive analysis aims to find out the demographic characteristics of the respondents in terms of gender, age, race, year of study and field of study for our research project. Multiple linear regression analysis showed how well a dependent variable could be justified and explained by each of the independent variables by measuring the value of the correlation coefficient (R value).
DATA ANALYSIS
- Introduction
- Descriptive Analysis
- Demographic Profile of the Respondents
- Scale Measurement
- Normality Test
- Reliability Test
- Inferential Analysis
- Pearson Product Moment Correlation Analysis
- Multiple Linear Regression Analysis
- ANOVA Test
- Hypothesis Testing
- Conclusion
From the result shown in table 4.4, it appears that the majority of respondents take the International Business course, which is 26% (73 respondents) out of 280 respondents. By general definition, skewness is a measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution of a random variable around its mean, and the value of skewness can be positive, negative, or even undefined (Ullah, 2017). From Table 4.6, the result for skewness based on our data generated using SPSS, almost all the values of skewness for each of the items in each variable were between -0.5 and 0.5, which distribution was symmetrical.
From Table 4.6, all the kurtosis values from our data were less than 3, which was a platykurtic distribution. Based on the results for both the skewness and the kurtosis of the variables, the basic rules of the saturation and kurtosis test were obtained. Cronbach's alpha is the most popular method for testing the measurement reliability of each variable's scale.
Model summary (Table 4.9) shows how well the dependent variable can be explained by the model's independent variables by measuring the correlation coefficient value (R value). According to the value of R Square, it indicates that 65.4% of the dependent variable can be explained by Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. It also indicates the results of the relationship and the strength of the relationship between the various independent variables with the dependent variable.
DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS
Introduction
Discussions of Major Findings
- Employer Reputation
- Personal Interest
- Job Security
- Salary and Benefits
Hypotheses serve as an important statement that is crucial for the prediction of the relationship between independent variables which are employer reputation, personal interest, job security and pay and benefits and dependent variable which is job selection preferences. Therefore, H1, H2 and H4 were accepted and this means that there was a significant relationship with job choice preferences. But for job security, its P-value, 0.413 was higher than 0.05, which caused H3 to be rejected, meaning it would not have relationship with job choice preferences.
The results further show that the most influential predictor of job choice preferences is employer reputation (β= 0.338) and then followed by personal interest (β= 0.209). Based on the research conducted by Omar, Zakaria, Ismail, Jeanie, Selvakumar (2015), the results showed that the average of all the dependent variables which are job selection preferences and the four independent variables which are starting salary, employer reputation and work environment has a value of 3.0 and above in the medium scale. After analyzing Pearson's correlation analysis, the result showed that the three independent variables, which are starting salary, employer reputation, and work environment, have a significant positive relationship with the dependent variable, job choice preferences, as the value of starting salary in relation to job choice preferences is r. = 0.318, employer reputation towards job choice preferences is r=0.354, while work environment towards job choice preferences is r=0.474.
In a research conducted by Ahmed, Sharif and Ahmad (2016), the result showed that there is a very positive relationship between interest and career choice with a value of r=0.307 and p=0.001. The results of research conducted by Chong, H'ng, Khor, Ng, and Ng (2013) showed that there is no significant relationship between job security and job choice preferences. There are several independent variables in the research, but the result showed that salary is the one that has the most influence on preferences when choosing a job.
Implications of the Study
- Practical Implications
- Theoretical Implication
One of the interviewees said that salary plays an important role because the cost of living is higher now. As a result of this research, salary was ranked as one of the most important factors influencing the career path decision. Employers can refer to the results of this research project and understand the demands and aspirations of current fresh graduates.
An organization cannot function without employees, especially in this modem era, most of the working people use computer, if an organization does not have a new generation in it, it can be eliminated. Furthermore, if an employer wants to restructure an organization and change new blood in the organization, the employer must have some understanding of the employees' wants and needs. How to make a policy to attract and retain the talents is very important for an organization, therefore the employer must find out what factor has the most influence on the employees and thus they can create a strategic, effective and efficient policy or strategy to retain or hire talent from the industry.
From the academic future, the universities in Malaysia such as UTAR, UM and UPM can refer to the result of this research for references. The academic institutions can use this type of information in the study so that they can refer to the result of this research and get more accurate information. If the academic institutions use the information from the foreign research, it can therefore affect the accuracy and reliability of the information.
Limitations of the Study
- Focus on Malaysia’s local business students
- Business students from universities which is located in
- Variables may not accurate
- Most of the respondents are Chinese
When the parties such as employers and institutions refer to the results of the research, they have the more accurate and reliable information. In the real environment, there are too many factors that influence job choice preferences, such as the influence of parents or friends, the location of the company, work environment and transportation near the company. When there is a high accuracy information, the parties can understand more about the situation of the employees and solve the problem.
All our members are Chinese and therefore most friends and friends on social media like Facebook are Chinese. This is the main reason why the result of this research project has a high percentage which is 60.4%. Future researchers doing this type of research project in Malaysia should focus on the balancing of different races for the result to increase the reliability.
In order to contribute to the whole Malaysian and not only Chinese, future research is recommended to focus the respondents of the research based on the ratio of actual population of different races in Malaysia. This is because different races have different culture and religion, it can cause the mind or idea to be different between each of the races. In order to increase the reliability of the result and can be expected to contribute to the whole Malaysian and not only Chinese, future researcher is recommended to focus on balancing different races among the respondents.
Recommendations for Future Research
- Targeted Respondents
- Factors (Independent Variables)
- Questionnaire
However, in this research there are only four factors which are employer reputation, personal interest, job security and salary and benefits. Thus, the respondents are limited to answer the questionnaires based on these four factors even though they may not agree with it. The recommendation for future researchers to avoid this problem is to conduct research investigating more potential factors available that may influence job choice.
There are three parts in the questionnaire for this research project which are demographic, independent variables and dependent variables. Future researchers are recommended to add some more questionnaire that uses paragraph method to answer so that they can suggest a clearer opinion about the title.
Conclusion
Retrieved December 18, 2018, from https://www.humanresourcesonline.net/over-a-third-of-malaysian-fresh- graduates-quit-first-job-in-less-than-a-year/. Factors Influencing Career Choices of 12th Grade Students at The Sisters of Malary School-Boystown, Inc. Retrieved December 12, 2018, from http://www.rojakdaily.com/news/article/5560/the-number-of- unemployed-malaysian-youth-at-an-alarming-rate.
Effect of Family Influence, Personal Interests and Economic Aspects on Career Choice Among Undergraduate Students in Higher Education Institutions in Vehari, Pakistan. Influence of student interest on career choice among first year students in public and private universities in Kisii County, Kenya. An exploratory study on factors causing employment choice of business school students in private universities in Bangladesh.
We are conducting a research project on "Factors Influencing Job Choice Preferences Among Business Students in Malaysia". The objective of this research is to collect data on the factors influencing job choice among business students in Malaysia. Please do not hesitate to email us at nwaioon1997@gmail.com if you need any clarifications regarding this survey.
1: Questionnaire
2: Frequency Distribution Tables
3: Central Tendencies Measurement of Constructs
4: Descriptive Analysis
5: Reliability Statistics
6: Pearson’s Correlation Analysis
