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Emergence Potential of Sylvatic Dengue Virus Type 4 in the Urban Transmission Cycle is Restrained by Vaccination and Homotypic Immunity

Anna P. Durbin¹, Sandra V. Mayer^2,3,4, Shannan L. Rossi^2,3,4, Irma Y. Amaya-Larios⁵, Jose Ramos-Castaneda⁵, Eng Eong Ooi⁶, M. Jane Cardosa⁷, Jorge L. Munoz-Jordan⁸, Robert B.

Tesh^2,3,4, William B. Messer^9,10, Scott C. Weaver^2,3,4, and Nikos Vasilakis^2,3,4,*

1Center for Immunization Research, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205

2Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0609

3Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0610

4Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0610

5Centro de Investigaciones sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62508, Mexico

6Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University Singapore, Graduate Medical School, Singapore

7Institute of Health & Community Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia

8Molecular Virology and Surveillance Laboratory, CDC Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR 00920

9Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599

10Southeast Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Research, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599

Abstract

Sylvatic dengue viruses (DENV) are both evolutionarily and ecologically distinct from human DENV and are maintained in an enzootic transmission cycle. Evidence of sylvatic human infections from West Africa and Southeast Asia suggests that sylvatic DENV come into regular contact with humans. Thus, this potential of emergence into the human transmission cycle could limit the potential for eradicating this cycle with vaccines currently in late stages of development.

© 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

*Corresponding author: Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases and Department of Pathology, Institute for Human Infection and Immunity, and Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0610. Tel: +1 409 772.3938; Fax: +1 409 266.6810, nivasila@utmb.edu.

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This work was presented in part at the 'Emerging and Re-emerging Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Viral Infectious Diseases in Southeast Asia', meeting in Hanoi, Vietnam, September 2010 and at the 58th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Atlanta, November 2010.

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Author Manuscript

Virology. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2014 April 25.

Published in final edited form as:

Virology. 2013 April 25; 439(1): 34–41. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2013.01.018.

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