of of of

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EFFECT OF ALKALINE PERCENTAGES ON WOOD PLASTIC COMPOSITES PROPERTIES

MUHAMMAD NABIL IRSYAD BIN MASIR

Final Year Project Paper Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for

Bachelor of Science (Hons.) Furniture Technology Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA

JULY 2015

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any other academic institution or non-academic institution for any other degree or qualification.

In the event that is my thesis is found violent the condition mentioned above, I voluntarily waive the night of conferment of my degree and agree to be subjected to the disciplinary rules and regulation of Universiti Teknologi MARA.

Name of candidate : Muhammad Nabil Irsyad bin Masir Candidate Matrix 10 :2012641178

Program Faculty Thesis title

Sign of Candidate Date

: Bachelor of Science (Hons.) Furniture Technology : Applied Sciences

: Effect of Alkaline percentages on Wood Plastic Composites Properties

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ABSTRACT

EFFECT OF ALKALINE PERCENTAGE ON WOOD PLASTIC COMPOSITE

Effect of the percentages of alkaline on the properties of wood plastic composite Was studied. The percentages used were 10%, 15%, and 25%. The size of fiber affected the bonding properties during the wood plastic composite process. The objectives were to investigate the mechanical and physical properties of wood plastic composites affected by percentages of alkaline. In this project, soda pulping was used. Bending test, tensile test, and thickness swelling test were used to determine the mechanical properties of wood plastic composite made from fiber from Kenaf and plastic pallets was used as the binder. The results obtained shows that the lesser the viscosity, more space can be covered up by fiber thus influenced the properties of wood plastic composites. Higher alkaline percentage caused more water been absorbed. The wood plastic composites properties used 10% and 15% alkaline percentages is were better than 25%

alkaline percentages.

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CANDIDATE'S DECLARATION iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

iv

TABLE OF CONTENT

v

LIST OF TABLES

ix

LIST OF FIGURES

x

LIST OF PLATES

xi

LIST OF APPENDICES

xii

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

xiii

ABSTRACT

xiv

ABSTRAK xv

CHAPTER

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Background of Study 1

1.2 Problem statements 2

1.3 Justification 3

1.4 Significance of Study 4

1.5 Limitation of study 4

1.6 Objectives 5

2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 6

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2.2

Wood Fiber

7

2.3

Polypropylene

8

2.4

Wood Fiber Drying

8

2.5

Properties of Wood Plastic Composite

10

2.6

Soda Pulping

11

3.0

MATERIALS AND METHODS 12

3.1

Materials

12

3.2

Methods

13

3.2.1

Soda Pulping Process

13

3.2.2

Stock Preparation

17

3.2.3

Wood Plastic Composite process

19 3.2.4

Wood cutting board (Trimming Process)

22

3.2.5

Tensile Board

23

3.2.6

Bending board

24

3.2.7

Experimental Design

25

3.3

Testing Method

26

3.3.1

Determination of Water Absorption

26 3.3.2

Determination of Thickness Swelling

27 3.3.3

Determination of Bending Strength

27 3.3.4

Determination of Tensile Strength

28

3.3.5

Method of Data Analysis