U N I V E R S I T I M A L A Y S I A S A R A W A K H T T P S : / / I R . U N I M A S . M Y / I D / E P R I N T / 3 7 4 4 3 /
V O L . 2 : I S S U E 4 E - I S S N : 2 7 1 6 - 6 4 2 2
December 2021
IBEC BULLETIN
V O L 2 : I S S U E 4
E D I T O R I A L B O A R D A . P . D R W O N G S I N Y E N G
( E D I T O R ) P R O F . D R I N D R A N E I L D A S ( A D V I S O R ) A . P . D R M O H D A Z L A N J A Y A S I L A N ( A D V I S O R )
Contents
3 A.P. Dr mohd azlan jayasilan
Closing Ceremony of The 9th International Bornean Frog Race 2021
4 A.P. Dr mohd azlan jayasilan
Prof. Dr Andrew Alek: Retirement, Here I Come!
5 A.P. Dr mohd azlan jayasilan
New Book: Pelagus National Park
6 A.P. Dr mohd azlan jayasilan
Tahniah kepada En. Mohd. Hafiz bin Hamdin!
7 dr Pang sing tyan
The Finishing Line. The 9th International Bornean Frog Race 2021
10 ms. sia siew chiung
Pathogenic Bacteria in Freshwater Fish and Its Natural Killer-Bacteriophage
11 MR. ngumbang anak juat
Modelling of Ecological Data Analysis (Genus Glenea) from the Subfamily Lamiinae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Sarawak
12 ms. Briggette philip & ms. julia nelson
Mangrove and Dolphin Conservation in Rajang-Belawai-Paloh
13 ms. julia nelson
Natural regeneration study to predict the potential native trees for reforestation in Bung Jagoi Heritage Forests
14 ms. nur shahnaz binti sahmat
Wildlife Density and the Dependency of the Kenyah and Penan Communities on Faunal Resources in Upper Baram Region, Miri, Sarawak
15 publications
Interested to submit an article?
Email: [email protected]
The 9th International Bornean Frog Race (IBFR) came to an end on the 19th November 2021.
The official closing ceremony was held at BCCK, Kuching on the 1st of December 2021. This version of the Race, was on a virtual platform, permitting images to be uploaded for the
A group of Bearded Pigs (
Sus barbatus
)foraging in the oil palm plantation
Closing ceremony of the 9th international bornean frog race 2021
‘I will continue to support the Institute’ these were the words of Professor Andrew Alek Tuen who have served the University for over 20 years. Prof Andrew Alek Tuen served as the Director of the Institute for a decade (2005-2015).
During his time, the Institute conducted several expeditions and organised international conferences, notably, the two conferences dedicated to Alfred Russel Wallace. He is a specialist of both nutrition and ornithology, and mentored numerous students in these fields.
During his tenure the Frog Race came into life with many frontiers in research and international collaboration achieved. These set the groundwork and foundation to the Institute. He has published hundreds of manuscripts, led numerous research projects while mentoring hundreds of postgraduates and staff. Prof Andrew was also in charge of the move of the Institute from the east campus to the contemporary one in 2007.
Prof Alek is an inspiration and a figurehead for many in the Institute. We wish him all the best and we are sure that we will see him soon as an Associate with the Institute.
Prof Andrew Alek: retirement, here i come!
A.P. Dr Azlan and Prof. Indraneil Das presented the book to Y.Bhg. Prof. Datuk Dr Mohamad Kadim Suaidi (left) and Prof. Dr Wan Hashim (right).
This book attempts to enumerate various taxa, many of which remain undetected in the dense tropical rainforest. The faunal studies include inventories of mammals, herpetofauna, birds, fish and macro invertebrates of the area, a critical first step towards understanding the biodiversity of Pelagus National Park.
This book is written for local
stakeholders, management authorities, naturalists, researchers and for the general
public. Most of these enthusiast continue to see protected areas as a parade of natural wonders as a string of phenomena to be appreciated and protected for future generations.
An understanding of our biodiversity may influence the support of the complex needs of conservation in this ever-challenging environment.
It is hoped that nature enthusiasts and those who are interested in tropical biodiversity will find this book beneficial.
New Book: pelagus national park
“You don’t know what you are getting yourself into” that’s what many jokingly wished Mr Hafiz for ending his time as a bachelor. Recently married in a close knitted ceremony due to restrictions. The staff members of the Institute put together a small gift and wishes him all the best.
Tahniah kepada en mohd. hafiz bin hamdin
Flagged off on 1st September 2021 at 12AM, and running for 80 days, until 19th November 2021 11.59PM, this year’s Frog Race was attended by 51 participants from across Borneo. Figure 1 shows the demography of the participants of this year’s event. Expectedly, Sarawak sent the most number of participants compared to other regions. The age range of our participants was 15–60 years.
As in past Races, prizes at stake were from two main categories- ‘The Most Number of Species’
and ‘The Best Photo’. Throughout the 80-days Race Period, a total of 1,959 observations were submitted to the iNaturalist portal, a nature photography platform chosen as the official photo submission platform for the 9th IBFR. A total of 112 species, accounting for about 60% of the total species known for Borneo were recorded. Wong Chun Xing was the winner of the grand prize in the category ‘The Most Number of Species’, with the record of 61 species observed. He was followed by Mohd Hafiz bin Ali and Mohammad Affirul Faim bin Abdul Rahim, who were tied at the 1st runner up position, with 56 species observed (Figure 2). For the second category, Tan Song Wei took the crown, 1st runner up was Teo Kuo Liat and 2nd runner up was Roger Teo. Their winning images are shown below. The panel of the distinguished judges took their hats off to all participants for their effort to locate frogs and the impressive quality of images captured during the Race Period.
Demography of participants of the 9th International Bornean Frog Race (IBFR) 2021.
The Finishing Line
The 9th International Bornean Frog Race 2021
pang sing tyan
Mr Mohammad Affirul Faim bin Abdul Rahim (1st
runner up) receiving the award from Mr Hii Chang
Kee, Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Tour-
ism, Arts and Culture Sarawak.
Eggs of Feihyla kajau which it was described from Gunung Mulu in 1984.
Kajau in Berawan means ‘charming’.
A pair of Microhyla nepenthicola in amplexus. This species is one of the smallest frog in the world, and was described by one of the Frog Race founders, Prof. Dr Indraneil Das in 2010.
The shy Limnonectes conspicillatus caught on camera. This sensitive frog rarely lets photographers to get this close
The 9th International Bornean Frog Race 2021 was officially closed by Mr Hii Chang Kee, Permanent Secretary
of the Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture Sarawak, at the Closing Ceremony held at Borneo Convention
Red tilapia infected by pathogenic bacteria: (a) external; (b) internal organ. Photo credit: Sia Siew Chiung.
SIA Siew Chuiang
Pathogenic Bacteria in Freshwater Fish and Its Natural Killer-Bacteriophage
The freshwater fish is an important source of protein and unsaturated fatty acid in Asian countries. In Sarawak, the most common freshwater fish species in the market are sultan (Leptobarbus hoevenii), red tilapia (Oreochromic mossambicus X Oreochromis niloticus), lampan (Puntius gonionotus) and etc.
However, the inconsistent climate change and environmental stress such as oxygen depletion in water resulting the emerging and re-emerging of pathogenic bacteria. The presence of these pathogenic bacteria directly lead to high mortality in farmed freshwater fishes and contribute to severe economic losses in fishery sector. These pathogenic bacteria included Aeromonas, Streptococcus, and Flavobacterium sp.
Chemotherapy such as antibiotic is one of the most popular therapy in treating bacterial-infected fish as it is able to effectively kill the pathogenic bacteria.
However, the infected-fish might loss of appetite resulting in the non-delivery of the drugs that were mixed with the fish feed to the infected organs.
Besides that, bacteria-infected fishes are unable to be legally controlled with antibiotics to the market owing to the withdrawal period for all effective antibiotics is longer than the return of the bacterial infection (Amal & Zamri-Saad, 2011). Furthermore, the uncontrolled use of antibiotics in treating bacterial infection has given rise to the emergence of antibiotics resistant bacteria (Moriarty, et al., 2008).
Bacteriophages are natural killers of bacteria. They only infect their target host bacteria and replicate within the infected cells without disturbing other micro flora (Schofield et al., 2011). Its ability to multiply its progenies in a short time and in large
quantity enables it to be potentially used in rapid bacterial detection as well as in treatment of bacterial infection. In addition, bacteriophages can co-evolve with the host bacteria. As a result, this has reduced the occurrence of resistance development among the pathogenic bacteria and minimize the chance of pathogenic bacteria escaping from treatment, especially during their eradication therapy (Abedon, 2008; Hooton et al., 2011). This allow it to be a potential candidate for a rapid therapeutic tool (Lu, et al., 2013).
References:
Abedon, S.T. ed., 2008. Bacteriophage ecology: population growth, evolution, and impact of bacterial viruses (Vol.
15). Cambridge University Press.
Amal, M. & Zamri-Saad, M., 2011. Streptococcosis in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): A Review. Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science, 34(2), pp. 195- 206.
Hooton, S.P., Timms, A.R., Rowsell, J., Wilson, R.
and Connerton, I.F., 2011. Salmonella Typhimurium- specific bacteriophage ΦSH19 and the origins of species specificity in the Vi01-like phage family. Virology journal, 8(1), pp.1-14.
Lu, T. K., Bowers, J. & Koeris, M. S., 2013. Advancing bacteriophage-based microbial diagnostics with synthetic biology. Trends Biotechnol, 31(6), pp. 325-327.
Moriarty, E. et al., 2008. Evidence for Growth of Enterococci in Municipal Oxidation Ponds, Obtained Using Antibiotic Resistance Analysis. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 74(23), pp. 7204-7210.
Schofield, D.A., Molineux, I.J. and Westwater, C., 2011.
‘Bioluminescent’reporter phage for the detection of Category A bacterial pathogens. JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments), (53), p.e2740.
Elevation (m) and Land Cover at sampling sites in Sarawak. Source : DIVA-GIS (2020). Open publishing.
Retrieved on July 1, 2020 from:
https://www.diva-gis.org/datadown
Ngumbang Anak Juat
Modelling of Ecological Data Analysis (Genus Glenea) from the Subfamily Lamiinae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Sarawak
Family Cerambycidae, the longhorn beetles is one of the economically most important wood boring insects.
However, in Sarawak, there is a lack of interest to study the biology, ecology, or taxonomy of this family.
Therefore, information regarding this family is limited. Understanding the taxonomy, species composition, species distribution and abundance is crucial for pest management, conservation, and monitoring of the species, apart from general contribution to scientific knowledge. The collection on Cerambycidae was carried out in the secondary and hill mixed dipterocarp forests of Sungai Sekabai, Sebauh, Bintulu; Ulu Sungai Mujuk, Julau; Loagan Bunut National Park, Lanjak Entimau Wildlife Sanctuary, Batang Ai National Park, and Ulu Baram. The survey was conducted randomly depending on the accessibility in these forests from 2004 to December 2006. A total of 406 individuals of 59 species from the genus Glenea were evaluated.
The specimens deposited at Sarawak Museum Collection, Kuching (S. M. Coll.); Unimas Insect Reference Collection, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS Coll.) and Sarawak Forestry Corporation, Kuching (Forest Research Centre Coll.) were also investigated.
There are 18 new species out of 59 species known in Sarawak. Based on the dendogram reconstruction using
species morphological characteristics distances analysis in R, Glenea species of Sarawak are divided into
six major clades. The hierarchical multispecies models, such as Multiple Species Occupancy Model (MSOM)
that incorporate both the detection process and the occurrence state provide a promising way forward,
because they lead to a more process-driven estimate of diversity through the delineation of the biological
and sampling processes. These powerful community models can describe patterns, such as covariate
relationships, at the level of the individual species, the local community (all species occurring at one site),
and the whole metacommunity (regional pool of species in the wider area of study). Meanwhile, Community
N-Mixture Model that based on abundance of a community of species meet our main requirements for a
flexible and robust community modelling framework because it allow us to make inferences at all levels
of a metacommunity (species, community, metacommunity), and they explicitly deal with measurement
Pure mangrove forest (left) and Nipah-mangrove associated forest (right).
Photo credit: Prof. Dr Gabriel Tonga Noweg
Mangrove forest is the most valuable ecosystem in the world. It acts as a coastal protector and provides habitats for marine species. Consistent with the importance of mangrove forests, the Mangrove and Dolphin Conservation in Rajang-Belawai-Paloh project aims to rehabilitate and conserve the mangroves as a key habitat for the Irrawaddy dolphins, fisheries, and other wildlife, considering the needs of the communities to sustain their economic activities. It also aims to reduce the threat of dolphin incidental catch in the area. The project is being funded by WWF-Singapore, with the WWF-Malaysia as the project manager.
The project is being carried out in the Rajang-Belawai-Paloh area, located in Tanjung Manis District of Sarawak.
The mangrove forest of Rajang-Belawai-Paloh is the largest in Sarawak, with an approximate area of 93,852 ha or about 58% of the total mangroves. The area is an important habitat for Irrawaddy dolphins (Orcaella brevirostris).
A mangrove multi-aged regeneration survey was carried out on 19th-27th September 2021, led by Professor Dr Gabriel Tonga Noweg. A total of 1, 783 tree individuals (including trees, saplings, and seedlings) has been inventoried from five types of mangrove forests i.e., undisturbed forest, nipah-mangrove forest, pure nipah forest, harvested forest (debris site location), and harvested forest (machinery track).
Through this project, it is with high hope that the local communities will be empowered to co-manage the mangrove forest sustainably, reduce the loss of mangroves, and able to provide better livelihood opportunities for the communities. It is also anticipated that the incidental catch mitigation measures will be implemented to maintain or increase the dolphin population in the Rajang-Belawai-Paloh area.
longhouse.
Bridgette Philip & Julia Nelson
Mangrove and Dolphin Conservation in Rajang-Belawai-Paloh
Nested quadrat plot sampling
Natural regeneration study to predict the potential native trees for reforestation in Bung Jagoi Heritage Forests
Julia Nelson
A mother and a child orangutan dangling on the man-made rope vine, making use of the enrichment installed in the center
Reforestation is a complicated process of restoring a disturbed forest to its original state. Generally, it is defined as an act of replanting trees. The latest definition of reforestation defines it into two methods of forest restoration i.e., natural regeneration and assisted reforestation (or also known as replanting).
Natural regeneration is different from assisted reforestation in which, forest restoration happens through the recruitment of plants derived from the seedlings left after the disturbance. Naturally regenerated forest is a simple and cheaper method of reforestation, and has a higher success rate in restoring the vegetation structure and biodiversity as compared to assisted reforestation.
The focus of my study is on the potential of naturally regenerated native tree species in Jagoi Heritage Forests for reforestation. The objectives are; (1) To compare the diversity of four different forest types, (2) To determine the differences between the regeneration status, importance value, stand biomass, and timber and non-timber-producing species in four different forest types, and (3) To determine the potential tree species for mixed- planting reforestation in a totally degraded area.
The regeneration study was carried out at Bung Jagoi
Nested quadrat plot sampling is used for
the multi-aged regeneration survey in
four types of forest i.e., primary forest, old
secondary forest, young secondary forest,
and agroforest. The species name, height,
and diameter at breast height (DBH) or
stem diameter of seedlings (height < 90
cm), saplings (height 91 cm -3 m tall) and
trees (height >3 m tall, DBH ≥ 5 cm) have
been recorded for all woody plant species.
Known for its large swathes of lush rainforest, the Upper Baram forest region is one of the remote areas in Sarawak. Located in the Northeastern part of the state, the Upper Baram region is dominantly covered by mixed dipterocarp forest alongside its mountainous landscapes and heterogeneous terrain. The forest hosts a myriad of wildlife and plants; some of which are endemic to Borneo such as the Bornean Sun Bear (Helarctos malayanus) and Clouded Leopard (Neofelis diardii).
Equally important, the Upper Baram forest is also home to the Orang Ulu people–
such as the Kenyah, Kayan, and Penan people.
The Orang Ulu people are highly dependent on their surrounding forest for daily resources such as food, medicines, and materials. Wildlife is an important source of protein for the local people other than fish. They also utilize wildlife in their traditional practices and culture.
Despite its utmost importance for wildlife and people of the forest, the Upper Baram forest is in progressive loss over the decades due to logging and deforestation for agricultural expansion. To date, there is a paucity of information about wildlife in the Upper Baram forest. A survey on wildlife is needed to be done in the forest after decades of landscape change
to update information on wildlife populations therein and as a baseline work for future conservation plans.
The study aims to assess wildlife diversity in the Upper Baram forest region where humans and wildlife are highly associated. We focus on the estimation of terrestrial large mammals’
densities which are mostly hunted for their meat. The study also seeks to understand the effects of habitat heterogeneity on wildlife abundance and its distribution. We also aim to examine the hunting activity of the local people and its impact on wildlife abundance in the forest.
In this study, we work closely with the local communities by engaging them in the data collection process to gain local support and promote communities’ cognizance in wildlife conservation.
Long Siut, Ulu Baram. One of the villages within the study area in the Upper Baram
Wildlife Density and the Dependency of the Kenyah and Penan Communities on Faunal Resources in Upper Baram Region, Miri, Sarawak
Nur Shahnaz Binti Sahmat
Local communities during a six-day training
session prior to data collection activity.
PUBLICATIONS 2021
1. Baizurah, S.N. & I. Das. (2021). Sexual dimorphism in Heosemys spinosa (Testudines: Geoemydidae) from Sarawak, Borneo.
Herpetology Notes 14:1231–1235.
2. Borzée, A., Kielgast, J., Wren, S., Angulo, A., Chen, S., Magellan, K., Messenger, K.R., Hansen-Hendrikx, C.M., Baker, A., dos Santos, M., Kusrini, M., Jiang, J., Maslova, I.V., Das, I., Park, D., Bickford, D., Murphy, R.W., Che, J., Do, T.V., Nguyen, T.Q., Chuang, M.-F. & Bishop, M.-F. (2021). Using the 2020 global pandemic as a springboard to highlight the need for amphibian conservation in eastern Asia. Biological Conservation 255:e108973; doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.108973.
3. Chapple, D.G., U. Roll, M. Böhm, R. Aguilar, A.P. Amey, C.C. Austin, M. Baling, A.J. Barley, M.F. Bates, A.M. Bauer, D.G. Blackburn, P. Bowles, R.M. Brown, S.R. Chandramouli, L. Chirio, H. Cogger, G.R. Colli, W. Conradie, P.J. Couper, M.A. Cowan, M.D. Craig, I.
Das, A. Datta-Roy, C.R. Dickman, R.J. Ellis, A.L. Fenner, S. Ford, S.R. Ganesh, M.G. Garnder, P. Geissler, G.R. Gillespie, F. Glaw, M.J. Greenlees, O.W. Griffith, L.L. Grismer, M.L. Haines, D.J. Harris, S.B. Hedges, R.A. Hitchmough, C.J. Hoskin, M.N. Hutchinson, I. Ineich, J. Janssen, G.R. Johnston, B.R. Karin, J.S. Keogh, F. Kraus, M. LeBreton, P. Lymberakis, R. Masroor, P.J. McDonald, S.
Mecke, J. Melville, S. Melzer, D.R. Michael, A. Miralles, N.J. Mitchell, N.J. Nelson, T.Q. Nguyen, C. de Campos Nogueira, H. Ota, P.
Pafilis, O.S.G. Pauwels, A. Perera, D. Pincheira-Donoso, R.N. Reed, M.A. Ribeiro-Júnior, J.L. Riley, S. Rocha, P.L. Rutherford, R.A.
Sadlier, B. Shacham, G.M. Shea, R. Shine, A. Slavenko, A. Stow, J. Sumner, O.J.S. Tallowin, R. Teale, O. Torres-Carvajal, J.-F. Trape, P. Uetz, K.D.B. Ukuwela, L. Valentine, J.U. Van Dyke, D. van Winkel, R. Vasconcelos, M. Vences, P. Wagner, E. Wapstra, G.M. While, M.J. Whiting, C.M. Whittington, S. Wilson, T. Ziegler, R. Tingley & S. Meiri. (2021). Conservation status of the world’s skinks (Scincidae): taxonomic and geographic patterns in extinction risk. Biological Conservation 257:1–12; e109101. doi.org/10.1016/j.
biocon.2021.109101.
4. Das, I. (2021). A naturalists’ guide to the snakes of south-east Asia. Third edition. Beaufoy Books, Oxford. 176 pp. ISBN 978-1- 913679-09-5.
5. Das, I. (2021). The first salamander logo in advertising. Herpetological Review 52(1):57–60.
6. Das, I. (2021). Herpetology 2024: Which turtle? World Congress of Herpetology Newsletter 3:20–25.
7. Das, I. (2021). Natural History Notes. Oligodon octolineatus (Eight-lined Kukri Snake). Arboreality. Herpetological Review 51(1):167.
8. Das, I. (2021). Special postcard issued for World Turtle Day (23 May 2020). The Malaysian Philatelist, Journal of the Philatelic Society of Malaysia 2021(1):7.
9. Das, I. (2021). The first salamander logo in advertising. Herpetological Review 52(1):57–60.
10. Das, I. (2021). War on Polyethylene Terephthalate. Liechtenstein Post’s anti-plastic campaign. Marine Turtle Newsletter (163):8–9.
11. Das, I. & Gee, G.V.A. (2021). Herpetological postage stamps issued from the Philippines. Philippine Journal of Systematic Biology 14(2):1–14; doi:10.26757/pjsb2020b14009.
Das, I. & G.V.A. Gee. (2021). Green-thumb philately. Postage stamps with embedded seeds. Biophilately 70(4):265–272.
12. Das, I. & Hazebroek, H. (2021). Natural History Notes. Gekko horsfieldii (Horsfield’ Flying Gecko): Predation. Herpetological Review 52(2):407–408.
13. Das, I. & Vartak, A. (2021). Pangolins on coins and stamps of the world. Sahyadri Nisarga Mitra, Chiplun. 72 pp. ISBN 978-8- 1936-2875-1.
14. Das, I., Hazebroek, H. & Grafe, U. (2021). Leptomantis fasciatus (Boulenger, 1895) as a possible nuptial gift offered by a male Raffles’s Malkoha, Rhinortha chlorophaea (Raffles, 1822). Herpetology Notes 14:713–716.
15. Das, I., M. Paisal, A. Shabrani & Y.M. Pui. (2021). Reptiles. In: Pelagus National Park. Biodiversity Above the Rapids. pp:53–58. In:
Pelagus National Park. Biodiversity Above the Rapids. pp:45–52. In: A.A. Tuen, I. Das, K.L.S. Ping & M.A. Jayasilan (Eds.). UNIMAS Publisher, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak Energy Berhad, Kuching and Natural History Publications (Borneo) Sdn Bhd, Kota Kinabalu.
16. Davis, H.R., I. Das, A.D. Leaché, B.R. Karin, I.G. Brennan, T.R. Jackman, I. Nashriq, K.O. Chan & A.M. Bauer. (2021). Genetically diverse yet morphologically conserved: Hidden diversity revealed among Bornean geckos (Gekkonidae: Cyrtodactylus). Journal
More...
18. Etter, L., A. Haas, C.C. Lee, Y.M. Pui, I. Das & S.T. Hertwig. (2021). Out of the trap: a new phytothelm-breeding species of Philautus, and an updated phylogeny of Bornean bush frogs (Anura: Rhacophoridae). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 59:1064–1096. doi:10.111/jzs.12465.
19. Flury, J.M., A. Haas, R.M. Brown, I. Das, Y.M. Pui, B.-H. Kueh, U. Scheidt, D.T. Iskandar, A. Jankowski & S.T. Hertwig. (2021).
Unexpected high levels of lineage diversity in Sundaland Puddle Frogs (Dicroglossidae: Occidozyga Kuhl & van Hasselt, 1822).
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 163:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107210.
20. Ichsan, I.Z., Purwanto, A., Rahmayanti, H., …, Lihan, S. … (2021). 1–11 HOTS and E-Learning of Diploma and Undergraduate:
Ilmizi Model. Journal of Sustainability Science and Management. 16(4): 1-11.
21. Lading, E. & I. Das. (2021). Diet of juvenile Crocodylus porosus in Kuching Wetlands National Park, Sarawak, East Malaysia.
Asian Herpetological Research 12(3):323–330. doi:10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.200107.
22. Jongkar, G. & Ng, P.K.L. (2021). A new species of the genus Arachnothelphusa Ng, 1991 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Gecarcinucidae) from a limestone cave in Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 69: 1-7.
23. Lee N., Soo, C.L., Chundi, A.Y., Lambat, E.-C.-D., Tram, A., Ling, T.Y. Sim, S.F., Jongkar, G., Ganyai, T. & Lee, K.-S.-P. (2021).
Patterns of fish assemblage, growth, and diet composition in a tropical river between two cascading hydropower dams.
International Journal of Ecology Article ID 6652782, 10 pages. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6652782
24. Leong, S.S., Lihan, S., Ling, T.Y. & Chia, H.C. (2021). Logistic regression model for predicting microbial growth and antibiotic resistance occurrence in swiftlet (Aerodramus fuciphagus) faeces. Journal of Sustainability Science and Management. 16(4): 113- 123.
25. Lihan, S., Lee, S.Y., Toh, S.C. & Leong, S.S. (2021). Plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli in Sarawak rivers and aquaculture farms, Northwest of Borneo. Antibiotics. 10 (7): 776.
26. Lihan, S., Benet, F., Awang Ahmad Sallehin, A. H., Apun, K., Hairul Azman, R. & Hasbah, H. (2021). Isolation and Identification of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria from Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu, Rottb.) Tropical Life Sciences Research. DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2021.32.3.3
27. Maiwald, M.J., Mohd-Azlan, J. & Brodie, J.F. (2021). Resilience of terrestrial mammals to logging in an active concession in Sarawak, Borneo. Mammalia 85(2): 115-122.
28. Marzuki M.E.B., Liew T.S. & Mohd-Azlan J. (2021). Land snails and slugs of Bau limestone hills, Sarawak (Malaysia, Borneo), with the descriptions of 13 new species. Zookeys 1035: 1-113. doi:10.3897/zookeys.1035.60843
29. Muol, E. & Noweg, G.T. (2021). Generating Landslide Susceptibility Map using Airborne Lidar Derived Parameters and Geological Mapping Factors for Canada Hill, Miri, Sarawak. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 1101(1):
012023.
30. Nashriq, I. & I. Das. (2021). Underestimated diversity of Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 (Sauria: Gekkonidae) on karst landscapes in Sarawak, East Malaysia, Borneo. Journal of Threatened Taxa 13(7):18792–18799. doi.org/10.11609/jott.7195.13.7.
31. Ong, J.J. & I. Das. (2021). Trophic ecology of Ansonia latidisca, the Bornean Rainbow Toad, at Gunung Penrissen, north-western Borneo. Asian Herpetological Research 12(2):250–260; doi.10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.200069.
32. Ord, T.J., D.A. Klomp, T.C. Summers, A. Diesmos, N. Ahmad & I. Das. (2021). Deep-time convergent evolution in animal communication presented by shared adaptations for coping with noise in lizards and other animals. Ecology Letters 24: https://
doi.org/10.1111/ele.13773.
33. Ord, T.J., K. Blazek, T.E. White & I. Das. (2021). Conspicuous animal signals can avoid the cost of predation by being intermittent or novel: conformation in the wild using hundreds of robotic prey. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 288:20210706. https://doi.
org/10.1098/rspb.2021.0706.
34. Pang, S.T., Y.M. Pui & I. Das. (2021). Frog Race. It’s a race for humans! Ara Magazine 1:42–43.
35. Paul. A. & I. Das. (2021). Geographic Distribution. Oligodon vertebralis. Herpetological Review 52(3):579.
36. Pui, Y.M., M. Paisal, A. Shabrani & I. Das. (2021). Amphibians. In: Pelagus National Park. Biodiversity Above the Rapids. pp:45–
52. A.A. Tuen, I. Das, K.L.S. Ping & M.A. Jayasilan (Eds.). UNIMAS Publisher, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak Energy Berhad, Kuching and Natural History Publications (Borneo) Sdn Bhd, Kota Kinabalu.
37. Pengiran, P. & Jayasilan, M.A. (2021). How do people in the “Land of Hornbills” perceive Hornbills? Bird Conservation International. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0959270921000381
More...
38. Shankar, P.G., P. Swamy, R.C. Williams, S.R. Ganesh, M. Moss, J. Höglund, I. Das, G. Sahoo, S.P. Vijayakumar, K. Shanker, W.
Wüster & S.K. Dutta. (2021). King or royal family? Testing for species boundaries in the King Cobra, Ophiophagus hanah (Cantor, 1836), using morphology and multilocus DNA analyses. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 164: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
ympev.2021.107300.
39. Soo, C.L., Nyanti, L., Idris, N.E., Ling, T.Y., Sim, S.F., Grinang, J., Ganyai, T. & Lee, K.S.P. (2021). Fish biodiversity and assemblages along the altitudinal gradients of tropical mountainous forest streams. Scientific Reports. 11(1): 1-11.
40. Soo, C.L., Nyanti, L., Idris, N.E., Ling, T.Y., Sim, S.F., Grinang, J., Lee, K.S.P. & Ganyai, T. (2021). Length-weight relationship of six loach species from tropical forest streams in Sarawak, Malaysia. Journal of Ichthyology. doi.org/10.1111/jai.14273
41. Tan, H.H. & Jongkar, G. (2021). Typhlachirus lipophthalmus, a rare eye-less sole from Borneo (Teleostei: Soleidae). Ichthyol.
Explor. Freshwaters 30(3): 213-220.
42. Teo, S.Z., Chong, Y.L. & Tuen, A.A. (2021). Diversity of rodents and treeshrews in different habitats in western Sarawak, Borneo. Malays. Appl. Biol. 50(1): 1–4.
43. Tuen, A.A., I. Das, K.L.S. Ping & M.A. Jayasilan (Eds.). (2021). Pelagus National Park. Biodiversity Above the Rapids. UNIMAS Publisher, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak Energy Berhad, Kuching and Natural History Publications (Borneo) Sdn Bhd, Kota Kinabalu.
85 pp.
44. Ujang, M.A., Hadimar, K.L. Sánchez, M.J. Maiwald & I. Das. (2021). Geographic Distribution. Leptolalax marmoratus.
Herpetological Review 52(1):77.
45. Ujang, M.A., Hadimar, K.L. Sánchez, M.J. Maiwald & I. Das. (2021). Geographic Distribution. Limnonectes malesianus.
Herpetological Review 52(1):77.
46. Ujang, M.A., Hadimar, K.L. Sánchez, M.J. Maiwald & I. Das. (2021). Geographic Distribution. Zhangixalus dulitensis.
Herpetological Review 52(1):79.
47. Ujang, M.A., Hadimar, K.L. Sánchez, M.J. Maiwald & I. Das. (2021). Geographic Distribution. Abavorana decorata. Herpetological Review 52(2):341.
48. Ujang, M.A., Hadimar, K.L. Sánchez, M.J. Maiwald & I. Das. (2021). Geographic Distribution. Aphaniotis ornata. Herpetological Review 52(3):575–576.
49. Ujang, M.A., Hadimar, K.L. Sánchez, M.J. Maiwald & I. Das. (2021). Geographic Distribution. Gonocephalus doriae. Herpetological Review 52(3):576–577.
50. Ujang, M.A., Hadimar, K.L. Sánchez, M.J. Maiwald & I. Das. (2021). Geographic Distribution. Lipinia vittigera. Herpetological Review 52(3):577.
51. Waldien D.L. & Mohd-Azlan, J. (2021). Eonycteris major. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021: e. T7786A22128071.
52. Wong, J.W. & Das, I. (2021). Predation on Gonocephalus liogaster (Agamidae) by Ptyas carinata (Colubridae) in Sarawak, Borneo. Herpetology Notes 13:349–351.
53. Wong, J.W., C.C. Lee, I. Nashriq & I. Das. (2021). Cyrtodactylus consobrinus (Peters’ Bent-toed Gecko): Attempted Prey.
Herpetological Review 52(3):647–648.
54. Wong, S.Y. & Boyce, P.C. (2021). Studies of the Homalomeneae (Araceae) of Peninsular Malaysia VIII: Homalomena joanneae [Chamaecladon Clade], a new locally endemic limestone-obligated species. Webbia 76(1): 77-81.
55. Wong, S.Y. & Boyce, P.C. (2021). Studies on Homalomeneae (Araceae) of Borneo XXVII: A new Homalomena [Chamaecladon Clade] endemic to the Santubong Peninsula. Webbia 76(1): 83-87.
56. Wong, S. Y. & Boyce, P. C. (2021) Studies of the Homalomeneae (Araceae) of Peninsular Malaysia VII: Homalomena puncticulosa [Chamaecladon Clade], a new species from recreational forest. Webbia 76(2): 121-124.
57. Wong, S. Y. & Boyce, P. C. (2021) Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo LXX — New colonial species for the Schismatoglottis [Calyptrata Clade] from Sarawak. Webbia 76(2): 81-103.
58. Wong, S.Y. & Joling, J. (2021). Checklist of aroids (Alismatales, Araceae) from Sabah (Malaysian Borneo). Check List. 17: 931-974.
59. Wong, S. Y., Boyce, P. C., & Hoe, Y. C. (2021) Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Peninsular Malaysia III: New species for the Schismatoglottis Calyptrata Clade. Webbia 76(2): 105-119.
