PROCEEDINGS OF THE

Therefore, from all reports found, no research was available on the environmental impacts of the log fishing technique. The temperature in the river depends on the characteristic conditions of the forest and its environment. In 2020, the total area of Melaleuca forest in Peninsular Malaysia is estimated at approximately 22,879 hectares or 0.4% of the total forest area in Peninsular Malaysia.

Some improvements have been made to the classification results to improve the classification accuracy. Based on this size, this forest comprises only 0.4% of the total forested area in Peninsular Malaysia. Melaka, Selangor, Johor and Negeri Sembilan contribute only a small portion of the total Melaleuca forest in Peninsular Malaysia with only 7.7% of the total area.

Another thing that can be noticed from Figure 4 is the size of the Melaleuca tree. However, some of the wetlands are small in terms of land surface and are not included in this directory (Ismail et al. 2021).

Figure 1 Location of the study area in the west part of Terengganu state

MATANG: KUALA GULA BIRD SANCTUARY (PROPOSED)- PULAU KELUMPANG

SANDAKAN – TAMBISAN COASTAL WETLANDS

KINABATANGAN FLOODPLAIN

MARUDU BAY

BARAM RIVER SYSTEM – LOWER REACHES

STUDY OF NET ECOSYSTEM PRODUCTION (NEP) OF NATURAL FOREST IN PASOH FOREST RESERVE, NEGERI SEMBILAN, MALAYSIA. Net ecosystem production (NEP) is a fundamental ecosystem concept that refers to the difference between gross primary production and total ecosystem respiration. Net ecosystem productivity (NEP) is an important characteristic of an ecosystem, as it combines the activities of all organisms living in an ecosystem.

Net ecosystem production (NEP) or carbon accumulation of forest (CAF) or rate of carbon accumulation in a forest ecosystem is simply expressed in Eq. Net Ecosystem Production (NEP) Study of Natural Forest Reserve in Pasoh Forest Reserve, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia” (Budget No. Spatial variations in the net ecosystem productivity of a primeval tropical forest in a 50-ha plot in Pasoh, Peninsular Malaysia.

Figure 1 Pasoh Forest Reserve is one of the FRIM research stations

1 *, Muhammad Asri L 1 , Darshini R 1 & Mohd Afzanizam M 2

Values and Statistical Significance DF Aboveground

Climate change 1994: radiative forcing of climate change and an evaluation of the IPCC 1992 IS92 emission scenarios. Cultivating 'The Wood of The Gods': Agarwood Production in Southeast Asia. eds) Smallholder Tree Growing for Rural Development and Environmental Services. It is managed by the Forestry Department of Perak and is the single largest mangrove forest reserve in Malaysia, accounting for 40% of the total mangrove forest in the peninsula.

The test results of the relationship between time difference and CO2 concentration on the photosynthetic rate for each study species in Hj. The test results of the relationship between time and CO2 concentration on the photosynthesis rate of each study species in Matang Mangrove FR showed that the time factor of morning, evening and night showed a significant difference of P <0.05 for the four species R. The concentration of carbon dioxide is also influenced by the photosynthesis rate of the studied mangrove species.

Mathematical models of the photosynthetic response of tree stands to rising CO2 concentrations and temperatures. Given the importance of the forestry sector to our economy, it is appropriate that we better understand the impact of climate change on the nation's forest resources. This is done to enable long-term study of the assessment of the impact of climate change on tropical forest ecosystems in a natural environment.

4-in-1 sensors were installed in the Tekam Forest Reserve plot, Jerantut, Pahang to measure the air in the forest environment. Therefore, the aim of the study is to develop spectral indices for estimating vegetation and groundwater content from satellite remote sensing for the dryland of Pasoh Forest Reserve (PFR). The study used the Spatial Analyst tool for the extraction of the access tube points.

Furthermore, Piecewise Linear Regression Model was used for correlation analysis of soil moisture data and remote sensing indices.

Figure 1 Photosynthesis rate of selected species at Sg. Hj. Dorani Forest Reserve and Matang Mangrove Forest Reserve

NDVI

Based on Piecewise Linear Regression Model, NDVI and SMI are closely correlated at r²=0.5408 (accession tube no. suggesting that this index responds positively and correlates strongly with Near-infrared (NIR) reflectance.

NDVI vs SMI

The surrounding areas of the forest reserve are dominated by palm oil plantation and a drain. Results from the project will contribute to the rehabilitation of the degraded area through tree planting in 5 ha plots and water recharge by restoring groundwater levels in the AHNFR. Information on the hydrological characteristics of the mangrove plant in relation to its physiological traits is often neglected.

The ratio of photosynthesis and transpiration in the plant will explain the water use efficiency (WUE) of the plant. The composition of the mangrove stand in Matang was also dense compared to the one in Sg. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the applicability of the joint system in the modular concept of the portable bridge.

In each beam, 4 connectors were welded to the C-channel beam as shown in Figure 3. The track construction geometry was made on the top side of the stress-strain analysis specimen. In the last two decades, about 35% of the world's mangrove forests have disappeared, even though they are carefully protected.

The analysis of the air resistance coefficient of the mangrove root system (Figure 1) was carried out by calculating the resistance value of disks at 0.25 m interval height of the mangrove root (Figure 2). The maximum resistance coefficient of the aerial root system of the mangrove could be determined from the first analysis. The lowest cross-sectional area of the sample discs is 0.16 m2, which is the highest disc from the ground surface of 1.25 m.

In the velocity reduction analysis, the slice height with the highest resistance value was used for sample preparation. The analysis was focused on the analytical path in the center of the sample through the liquid domain. An effective drag force is observed on the lower half of the root system of the mangrove roof.

Figure 1 Map of Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve North, Muar, Johor

Countries

There is an increasing trend in the use of the MyBIS website (Figure 10) as a result of CEPA activities and social media promotion of biodiversity-related information to government agencies, corporations, non-governmental organizations and the public.

Sessions Per Month

As of 2016, Malaysia is the top countries (Figure 9) that visited the MyBIS website at 3-4 minutes per session, followed by Indonesia (34,335 visitors) and the United States (27,730 visitors). The blue Malaysian coral snake is the most seen species which may be due to the venomous and attractive coloration of this snake. Meanwhile, the 3 most read newsletters in MyBIS are Malaysian tiger, "simpoh air" and Madagascar periwinkle (Figure 11).

The malaysian tiger newsletter is the most read newsletter that could be due to its conservation status in malaysia, the trend of the number of malaysian tigers is dwindling in malaysia and the icon as well as the symbol of the country's coat of arms. 67 CEPA activities had been carried out from 2016-2021 to disseminate the MyBIS website and biodiversity-related information (Figure 12). Promotion from educational workshops, seminars, webinars, exhibitions and interaction between government agencies, universities, NGOs and the general public was done for these purposes.

From the survey we conducted, most are clear about the definition and importance of biodiversity around them. From one of the surveys conducted on World Environment Day 2016, most citizens are aware and understand the definition and importance of biodiversity. We found that only 30 participants know and know the Biodiversity Celebration Day, while 95 do not know the date of the celebration and the rest are not sure.

In terms of knowledge about the illegal wildlife trade, the majority (133 participants) checked 'true' that the illegal wildlife trade involves live animals and plants, or a wide range of products that people need or value, while three participants chose 'No'. ”, and the other nine participants were “Not sure”. The next question was whether the product made from protected animals will have any effect on the balance of the ecosystem. About 131 participants (90.34%) knew that the loss of protected animals will cause imbalance in the ecosystem.

The question of whether the fine and/or prison sentence will be imposed if protected animals are caught, kept or sold without a permit was also included and the majority of participants (131 people; 90.34%) knew what type of fine the offender would be charged. would be brought.

Gender

Occupation

This research focused on the human dimensions of firefly conservation in the Kampung Kuantan Firefly Park (KKFP). The starting value of the offer will be determined as the specific value that the respondent is willing to pay for the conservation value. Water Catchment Forest has been one of the main contributors to clean water supply in Malaysia.

The selection of methods to measure economic value depends on the goods and services and the purpose of the study. When measuring the visitors' WTP, they were asked to indicate their willingness to pay for the conservation of resources in the UTW area. Respondents who were unwilling to pay indicated that the government was responsible for the conservation and development of the area.

Pollination is one of the ecosystem services provided by tropical forests, as covered in The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. The results of the analysis of the economic value of natural pollinator services based on pollinator dependency ratio were RM. The economic value estimates considered the contribution of pollination services to crop production, securing part of the region's food supply.

This study used the second approach to calculate the economic value of the pollination services. The economic value of pollination services for four crops is estimated at around 56% of the total crop's production value. These findings give only a brief scenario of the impact of pollinators on the physical production.

There are different types of ecosystems on Malaysia's coastline; one of the ecosystems is the mangrove forest ecosystem. During the household survey, respondents were informed about the objectives and purpose of the survey. Some of the parameters measured were height (cm), diameter (mm) and crown size (X and Y) (Figure 3).