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UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA

Laporan Akhir Projek Penyelidikan Jangka Pendek

1) Nama Penyelidilc

Dr Siti Noor FazfrahMoM Noor

2) Pusat PengajianIPusatIUnit PusatPeng~anSains Pergigian Unit PelgigianPaediatn"k

3) TajukProjek:

Psychological Aspects ofcreft Up and Palate among Teenaged Patients and Their Parents

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4) (a)PenemuanProjekIAbstmk

The psy<:Ildogical and social aspects of cleft lip and/or palate patients are rarely investigated in Malaysia. This is due to the difficulty in gathering samples. Many problems can arise as a result of the cleftmrnfdioothat posed special· threats and produce an impact on the quality of life of these cleft lip and/or palate affected individuals.

Theaimofthis study was to determine the psychosocial

status

ofteenagerswithcleft lip and/or palate andtheirparents in Kelantan, Malaysia and was intendedto providetheprevalence of teasing and self-confidence affected by the cleft condition amongthechildren.thepossible barriem to utilization of cleft

treatment

and the level of satisfaction with the cleft

trea1ment

A cross:sectional quantitative survey

was

canied

out

based on structured evaluations in an interviewwith the patients and their parents.Thesample consisted of 60 patientswith

treated

creft lip and/or palateaged12 to 17 years old and their parents.

The results basedon feedback of the evaluation) statisticallyshowsthatmost of the patientswerebeingteasedbecauseoftheir cleft(75.0%).About eighty-three

percent

(83.3%)felttheir self-confidence was affected by the cleftcondition. The patients reported that they were frequently teased about cleft related features such as speech(46.7%),teeth(15.50k)and lip(20.0%).The parents reported that approximatelysixtyeight peJCent(68.3%)of their child

were

being teased because of their cleft and felt thataboutseventy eight peJCent (78.3%)oftheir chillfs self-confidence

was

affected by the cleft.

Statistically, it was also shown that most of the patients (76.7%) and their parents (75.0%) were satisfied with the clinical outcome of cleft treatment provided by the cleft care team members based onthe creft Evaluation Profile score. Never1heless, a travelling period of more than one and a half hour and difficulty in transportation are the barriersto utilizationofcleft

treatment.

Itis importantto identify 'psychological outcomes· and 'clinical outcomes· as weU as psychological and social problems among the cleft lip and palate patients and their parents in order to improve their rehabilitationandquarityoflife.

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Kajian mengenai aspek psikologi dan social pesakitldefleIangit danlatau bibir sangat jarang dijalankan di Malaysia. Ini disebabkan masalah untuk mengumpulkan sampel. Berbagai masalah boleh timbul kerana keadaan kfef ini yang baleh menyebabkan ancamandanmemberi impak kepada kualiti kehidupan pesakit yang mengalami klef lelangit dan/alau bibir.

Tujuan k3Jianini dijalankan adalah untuk mengetahui status psikososiaJ kanak-kanak klef lelangit dan/alaubibir

dan

golongan belasan tahun dan ibubapa merekadiKelantan.Malaysia dan bertujuan untuk mendapalkan prevalens ejekan dan keyakinan diri kanak-kanak ini. masalah penghadang yang timbul untuk mendapatkan rawatan klaf dan tahap kepuasan terhadap rawatan klaf yang lelah diberikan. Satu kajianseparasmasa lelah dijaJankan berdasarkan struldurevalu~ dengan interview kanak-kanak kIef leIangit dan/alau bibir dan ibubapa mereka. Sampel kajian ini terdiri daripada 60 kanak-kanakldeflengitdanlatau bibir berumur 12 hingga 17 tahun dan ibubapa mereka.

Hasil kajian statistik menunjukkan bahawa kabanyakkan pesakit diejek kerana mempunyai ldef (75.0%). lebih kurang Japan puJuh tiga paratus (83.3%) menyatakan bahawa keyakinan diri mereka terganggu akibat dari keadaan klaf tersebut. Pesakit mengatakan bahawa mereka sering diejek mengenai keadaan yang berkait rapat dengan keadaan klef seperti peJtuturan (46.7%), bibir sumbing (20.0%) dan gigi tidak teratur (15.6%). Ibubapapesakit (68.3%) mengatakan bahawa anak meJeka diejek kerana menpunyai ldef dan mereka (78.3%) memsakan bahawa keyakinan din anak-anak mereka terganggu kerana mempunyaikfef.

KajI8ll statistik juga menunjukkan bahawa pesakit (16.7%) dan ibubapa mereka (75.0%) berpuashati dengan hasil klinikal rawatan Idef yang lelah diberikan 0100 ahli pasukan klef berdasarkan skor Profil EvaJuasi Klef. Namun, tempoh perjalananyangmelebihi satu jam setengah dan kesukaran mendapalkan pengangkutan merupakan masalah untuk mendapatkan rawatanldef.

Pooling untuk mangenalpasti kesan psikologi dan k1inikaJ serta masaJah psikologi dan sosial di kalangan pesakit Idef Ielangit dan/atau bibir selta ibubapa mereka bagi memperbaiki rehabilitasi serta kualili kehidupanmereka

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(b) Senaraikan kala kund yang digunakan dalam abstrak:

Bahasa Malaysia Bahasa Inggerls

1. Kfef relangitdan I maubibir Cleftlipand/orpalate

2.

Psikologidan sosial Psychology andsocial

3. Kesan klinikal Clinical

outcome

4.

Profil EvaluasiKIef Cleft Evaluation Profile

5) Output dan Faedah Projek (a)Penerbitan

Abstmk telah dihantar uotuk Kongress Pergigian Asia Pasifik ke2Jbagi pembenlangan kertas (sedang menunggu konfirmasi urusetia)

(b) Faedah-faedah lainsepeJti perkembangan produk, prospek komersiatisasi dan pendaftaranpaten

Ttada

(e) Latihan Gunatenaga Manusia TIada

6) Peralatanyangtelahdibeli TIada

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

A1hamdulliUah. Praise

to

Allah the Almighty I managed

to

conduct and complete this study and bring together all the facts collected into a book. This study is conducted as a partial fulfillmentfor the degreeofMaster of Clinical Dentistry, Child Dental Health, University of Malaya.

I would notbeableto make this study a success withoutthehelp from certain people and with this column; I want

to

acknQwledge·them for helping me for nearly the Whole semester beginning from June 2001 untiltheprocess of producing this book.

First and foremost, I want to express utmost gratitude to my _su~or Associate Professor Dr. Sabri Musa for guiding me

to

complete this study with dedication.

Special thanks tothe support of the lecturers and staff in Center of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University Science Malaysia, Kubang Krianwhotoiled hard inthefield workwith dedication. I record my appreciation to the following

tor

their co-operation withootwhichthis study could not have beena success; Dean, Associate Professor Dr. Abdul Rani Samsudin, Associate Professor Dr. N Kumaraswamy, Dr. Norehan Mokhtar, Encik Abdul Hakim bin Abdul Basir and Sister Nazlan Awang.

I acknowledge financial support from the University Science Malaysia through the research vote: Vote 21000, 23000, 27000 and 29000 without which this studycould not have been completed.

Special thanks

to

thesupportofthe lecturers in the DepartmentofChildren's Dentistry and Orthodontics, FacultyofDentistry, University of Malaya for giving methechanceand leavefrom clinical work to conduct my study in Kelantan and their guidance throughout the course is utmost appreciated.

Iwould fike to express gratitude to Professor Jonathan R Sandy, Consullant Senior Lecturer, Division ofCtuld Dental Health, University of Bristol Dental School for his courtesy and pennission in usingtheevaluationform.

Heartfelt appmciation to Dr. Rachel Coxon, Senior Clinical Psychologist, Department of Psychological Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide. Australia for providing the booklet regarding waysofcopingand s1Jategies for dealing with other people's reaction.

Special mention goes

to

Associate Professor Dr. Nasmdddin Jaafar, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Facully of Dentistry, University of Malaya; Dr. Rafeah Ayat Khan, Consultant and Orthodontic Specialist, Pasir Puteh Dental Clinic, Kelantan and Dr. Ahmad Burhanuddin, Consultant and Orthodontic SpecialistKolaBham Dental Clinicandall ofthe cleftlip and palate children and their parents who paIticipated inthesurveyfor without them this study wouldbefutile.

lastbutnot least, the moral support from my familyinpursuitofmy goals; my husband Ungku Mahadzirforhis unconditional fave and patience; my daughter Ungku Malihah for being strong

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