III. ADAPTATION STRATEGIES 11. Information about shelter
22. Queries s about disaster risks Has your family been relocated/displaced?
[ ] Yes [ ] No
What is the reason for relocation/displacement?
[ ] Flooding [ ] Typhoon [ ] Earthquake [ ] War Has your house and properties been damaged by:
[ ] Flooding [ ] Typhoon [ ] Earthquake [ ] War
Has your family suffered from a shortage of water and food due to disasters?
[ ] Yes [ ] No
Have you experienced conflict with your neighbors over food and water resources? [ ] Yes [ ] No
***
THANK YOU FOR YOUR COOPERATION!
Name and Signature of Respondent:_____________________________
Enumerator: ________________________________________________
Date: ________________________
Adapted from:
“Community-Based Climate Vulnerability Assessment and Adaptation Planning” © 2010 by Asian Development Bank
49 Appendix B. FGD PARTICIPATORY TOOLS
a. HAZARD MAPPING
Participants will create a community map and highlight landmarks such as dwellings, key facilities (churches/mosques, health clinics, schools, and evacuation centers), and resources (fishing sites and water bodies) in the area. The next step is to identify places at risk from natural catastrophes, health crises, and socio-political challenges like armed conflict.
b. SEASONAL CALENDAR
The participants will create a calendar to display important events and activities throughout the year. They'll make a list of seasons, events, and weather conditions, and arrange them along the vertical axis. Holidays and festivals, seasonal fishing activities and harvest seasons, periods of food scarcity, the timing of hazards/disasters such as typhoons, droughts, and floods, and the occurrence of common seasonal illnesses should all be included on the list.
c. HISTORICAL TIMELINE
The participants will recall the major events in the community such as major hazards and their effects, changes in fishing activities, changes in tenure, changes in food security and nutrition, changes in administration and organization, and major political events.
d. VULNERABILITY MATRIX
Based on the many kinds of resources – personal, social, physical, natural, and financial – the participants will determine their most essential livelihood resources. Then they'll figure out the biggest threats to their livelihoods, whether they're natural, climate-related, or man-made.
e. VENN DIAGRAM
Participants will identify local organizations, institutions, and groups, as well as those that collaborate with them. After that, they'll determine how significant each organization is to them.
50 Appendix C. Study Site Location Map
51 Appendix D. Workshop Outputs
i. INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE, SYSTEMS, AND PRACTICES (IKSP)
THEME BELIEF STATEMENT INTERPRETATION
Conservation “Tampal a ipedsapal I kapangawat.”
Aren tampal san pawas a ipedsapal I kapangawat ka makagelek ka walay na mga buawaya, nimay, pipis a seda unggo malaykat.
Areas in the marsh are that is prohibited for fishing. They believed that crocodiles and boa constrictors are abundant in that area and home to spirits. Some also said that these areas are sanctuary / nursery to small fishes.
Prediction “Igkadakel na dumpao”
Umayka megkadakel I mga seda lo sa “overflow”, yan nin maa-na magan den I igkadakel na dumpao.
If there’s an overwhelming
abundance of fish in the overflow area this means a rat infestation of about to happen.
Charms “Paatul” Mana magidsan sa anting anting unggo agimat a pekaenggay a linding sa mawag unggo pekaengay sa mapiya a bagi.
These are charms or amulet that provides protection and good luck.
Supernatural beings
“malaykat” Umeyka pendelamtan ka na malaykat, ipaedanin ka nin.
Ya mapiya a pengulan para mawa i tanda nin, I kapembuto na sinapang, kapegkeled na begkas unggo kapedtutong sa bawang.
They are spirits that tend to play with your perception and usually confused you during navigation.
To revert the effect of the malaykat, you can fire a firearm, reverse your clothes, or burn garlic.
Fishing “Igan” Pipis a takuling a ipagguman sa sabur na kawat.
A beetle larvae to be added to fish bait.
“kapembatya” Pemabatyan umeka bagumbal ka sa kawat, pagangay ka sa pawas, kapembatad sa pukot, unggo kapagkwa nu seda.
These are
chants/prayers
usually done while
building fishing tools,
going to the marsh,
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installing fishing equipment, and harvesting.
“Taliksik unggo masla I ulan-ulan”
Umeyka pedtaliksik unggo masla I ulan-ulan, da ged gakuwa negka a desa.
They believed that during very light rain and full moon there will be a poor fish catch.
Bad omen “kapendadalengi” Umekay pebpawang ka sa pawas, ya kaleyu nengka sa walay na mapiya I di kaden endadalengi. Ka mawag I mawa ka sa walay na aren gaylay nenka a meytim a papanok. Ka ya nin mana a da kauwa nengka a seda.
If you go fishing, when you leave your house, don't look around because if you spot a black- colored bird along the way, you will have a poor fish catch.
“papeggawan” Umekay mangay ka sa pawas endu are masugat nengka a kalabaw unggo ubal. Ya mapiya engulan I di nengka papeggawan sa lalan.
Kapaengay inamba sa di mapiya a bagi. Ya mapiya engluan a papedtadeyn nengka din silan ungo ilay ka sa sakabyas a lalan.
While going to the
marsh and you
encountered a
carabao or a
monkey, just let
them be. Avoiding
getting in their way
of interacting with
them will bring bad
luck. It is better to
look for other routes
to get to your
destination.
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ii. SEASONAL CALENDAR
MONTH EVENT
PRESENT 20 YEARS AGO
January • New Year
• Harvest of rice
• Harvest of fish
• Plenty of fish
• Harvest of fish February • Planting of rice
• Harvest of fish • Harvest of fish
• Plenty of fish March • COVID 19 Lockdown
• Founding anniversary
• Harvest of fish
• Founding anniversary
• End of classes
• Plenty of fish
• Harvest of fish
April • Harvest of fish • Harvest of rice
• Plenty of fish
• Harvest of fish May • Harvest of fish • Planting of rice
• Flooding
• Plenty of fish
• Harvest of fish June • Abundance of fishes
• End of classes
• Harvest of fish
• Flooding
• Opening of classes
• Plenty of fish
• Harvest of fish July • Abundance of fishes
• Harvest of fish
• Flooding
• Plenty of fish
• Harvest of fish August • Abundance of fishes
• Harvest of fish
• Flooding
• Plenty of fish
• Harvest of fish September • Opening of classes
• Harvest of fish
• Plenty of fish
• Harvest of fish
October • Harvest of fish • Harvest of rice
• Harvest of fish November • Flooding
• Harvest of fish • Planting of rice
• Plenty of fish
• Harvest of fish December • Christmas celebration
• Harvest of fish • Christmas celebration
• Plenty of fish
• Harvest of fish
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iii. VENN DIAGRAM
ORGANIZATION FUNCTION AREA
Barangay Local Government Unit (BLGU)
Local governance Internal to the
barangay Religious Organization
(ISLAM and Christian)
Faith-based activities Internal to the barangay
People’s Organization (farmers and fisherfolks)
Community-based organization for support to farmers and fisherfolks
Internal to the barangay
COOP (Cuyapon Farmer’s Agri Marketing Cooperative)
Provides financial and agricultural support to farmers.
Internal to the barangay
Bantay Pawas Provides protection and conservation of the marsh
Internal to the barangay
AFP (Armed Forces of the Philippines)
Provides law enforcement and security External to the barangay PNP (Philippine National
Police)
Provides law enforcement and security External to the barangay
MILF (Moro Islamic Liberation Front)
Provides security External to the
barangay USM (University of Southern
Mindanao)
Provides technical support to the community
External to the barangay
MPCORE (Moro People’s Community Organization for reform and empowerment)
Implements rural development programs in the community
External to the barangay
DA (Department of Agriculture)
Provides assistance to farmers.
Provides seeds, farm implements, and technical assistance
External to the barangay
MENRO (Municipal
Environment and Natural Resources Office)
Implements conservation and environmental protection activities
External to the barangay
MSWD (Municipal Social Welfare and Development)
Provides assistance during calamities External to the barangay
MDFI (Mindanao
Development Foundation Incorporated)
Provides support to the community and establishes and strengthens linkages to external stakeholders
External to the barangay
BFAR (Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources)
Provides support to fisherfolks.
Provides fishing gears and boats.
External to the barangay
DENR (Department of Environment and Natural Resources)
Implements environmental protection laws and conservation of endangered species.
External to the
barangay
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iv. HISTORICAL TIMELINE
YEAR MAJOR EVENTS
2020 – March Pandemic
2019 – October to December Series of earthquake
2018 – May Barangay election
2016 Implementation of crocodile conservation
2016 – June Rat infestation
2016 – March to May The marsh was on fire
2015 – October to December Extreme drought
2007 Start of MDFI – Organized Farmers and
Fisherfolks organization
2002 Start of Moro People’s Community
Organization for Reform and Empowerment (Moro PCORE)
2002 Armed conflict between MILF and AFP
2001 Construction of covert court
1991 – 2000 Road concreting and construction of
barangay hall
1989 First barangay election
1981 – 2000 Barangay population increase
1981 – 1990 Installation of the water system and
electrification
First encounter of dry season
1972 Martial Law
1971 – 1980 First public transport – jeepney
1960 – 1970 Road construction
Installation of first school
1969 Manili Massacre
1951 The arrival of next wave of settlers along
with families from Luzon.
1947 Arrival of first Christian settlers – Basilio Cariño from ilocos sur
1939 The arrival of first Maguindanaon occupants
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60 Appendix E. Communication
61 Appendix F. FGD Workshop Attendance
62 Appendix G. Photo Documentation
i. Filled-up Survey Forms
ii. Orientation with the Enumerators
63 iii. FGD and Workshop Proper