SEAFDEC will therefore continue to assist Southeast Asian countries in these efforts so that the growth of fish and fishery products exports in the region remains positive in the future. Destination and value of fish and fishery products exported by Cambodia (in USD 1000) Source: UN Comtrade (2018).
Way Forward
The country is also one of the world's largest importers of fish and fishery products, which are mainly used as raw materials for the re-export of processed products (FAO, 2018). Figure 13 shows the total quantity and value of fishery products exported and imported by Thailand during the period 2014-2017.
About the Authors
Strengthening Sub-regional Cooperation to Enhance the Implementation of MCS in Southeast Asia
Finally, the MCS Coordinating Body was established based on the modalities agreed at the sub-regional meetings.
Sustainable Fisheries Production of the Southeast Asian Region by Combating IUU
Stabilization of the Utilization of Global Fish Stocks
In 2015, maximum sustainably fished stocks accounted for 59.9% and underfished stocks accounted for 7.0% of the total stocks assessed (separated by the white line in Figure 3). The ASEAN Member States (AMS) recognize the need for sound management of fisheries resources to sustain their contribution to the nutritional, economic and social well-being of the world's growing population.
Promotion of Monitoring, Control, and Surveillance in the Southeast Asian
While the percentage of underfished stocks decreased continuously from 1974 to 2015, overfished stocks decreased from 1974 to 1989 and then increased to 59.9% in 2015. Management was developed taking into account traditions and culture, fisheries structure and ecosystems in the context of Southeast Asia (SEAFDEC, 2003). As one of the tools or mechanisms that can be used to track the implementation of fisheries management plans, the MCS specifically aims to maximize opportunities and economic benefits from the state's waters within sustainable harvest limits.
For sub-regional MCS cooperation it is necessary that the actual needs of the countries are taken into consideration and the scope must be agreed in sub-regional meetings where all relevant authorities from the countries are represented.
Establishment of MCS Networks in Southeast Asia
The roadmap of the MCS network in the North Andaman Sea covers: management of transboundary stocks, migration patterns and spawning seasons/area; and fishing capacity and MCS. Institutions and agencies in Myanmar and Thailand involved in MCS networks in the North Andaman Sea sub-region. Institutions and agencies in Myanmar and Thailand involved in MCS networks in the North Andaman Sea subregion are shown in Table 2.
The South Andaman Sea MCS Network Roadmap includes: management of straddling fish stocks, migration patterns and spawning seasons/area;.
Conclusion and Way Forward
Members of the MCS National Technical Team (NTP) were appointed based on existing national MCS networks (SEAFDEC, 2018b). MCS requirements for the South Andaman Sea sub-region cover not only fisheries management issues but also maritime security issues (eg piracy, shipping lanes and smuggling). National Technical Team (NTP) members were appointed based on existing national MCS networks (SEAFDEC, 2018c).
Concerted efforts among Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Sea countries to cooperate in fisheries management had facilitated the successful establishment of MCS networks.
Acknowledgement
Worawit Wanchana is the SEAFDEC Program and Policy Coordinator based at SEAFDEC Secretariat Bangkok, Thailand. Sulit is the Managing Editor of Fish for the People based at SEAFDEC Secretariat Bangkok, Thailand. Shiela Villamor Chumchuen is editor/writer based at SEAFDEC Secretariat in Bangkok, Thailand and member of the publication team for the special publication Fish for the People.
The key to the success of such cooperation is the active involvement of relevant authorities in the cooperation, nationally and regionally.
Addressing the Issues and Concerns on Anguillid Eel Fisheries in Southeast Asia
Current Status of the Tropical Anguillid Eels
Anguillid Eel Fisheries in Southeast Asia
Anguilla marmorata is the main species of glass eel and river/yellow eel caught in the Luzon and Mindanao islands of the Philippines. The main fishing season for elvers/yellow eel is between December and February, and the annual catch from both islands in 2017 was around 0.3 mt. Glass eel imported from China, and river and yellow eel from Indonesia are farmed in several provinces in Thailand, the production of which is exported to China.
Information on the catch of elvers and yellow eels is still being compiled from the survey.
Types of Fishing Gears Used to Capture Anguillid Eels
Anguilla bicolor is the main species cultivated in Myanmar by only one fish farmer who produced about 15.0 mt in 2017, all of which was exported to China. Glass eels are mostly caught between April and August with gill nets, catch nets or push nets. The country's annual eel catch has fluctuated every year since 2007, with the 2007 catch in Luzon being about 2.0 mt and 10.0 mt in Mindanao.
The main fishing gear for glass eels are FADs (Fish Aggregating Devices) and landing nets, and the fishing season peaks from November to May in Phu Yen province.
Utilization of Anguillid Eels
Triangular scoop net Glass eels and eels • Located in river mouths and downstream of dams. Myanmar Crab Trap Yellow Eels • At night they descend into rivers and are dragged into the next. Philippines Fence Netting Glass Eels • Set along river banks for all day and.
Scoop net Glass eels • Set in river mouths and downstream of dams from 6pm to 2am.
Trade of Anguillid Eels
IFRDMD and the Inland Fisheries and Extension Research Institute of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Palembang, Indonesia. She was the Project Leader for the regional research "Improving Sustainability of Catadromous Eel Resources in Southeast Asia" for 2017 and 2018. Yanu Prasetiyo Pamungkas is Assistant Researcher of SEAFDEC/IFRDMD and the Research Institute for Inland Fisheries and Extension of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries , Palembang, Indonesia.
She was the Project Leader for the regional research "Improving the sustainability of catadromous eel resources in Southeast Asia" for 2015 and 2016.
Recommendations and Way Forward
Exploring the Sustainable Development of Demersal Fishery Resources in the High Seas
Role of SEAFDEC in exploring the fishery resources in offshore and deep sea areas
Abundance of demersal fishery resources in Southeast Asian waters
Table.Historical surveys of deep sea areas in the Southeast Asia region (adapted from Sukramongkol, 2011) (Continued). Substantial deep-sea shrimp and lobster resources in the unexploited area ranging from 200 m to 300 m in the EEZs of Myanmar and Thailand Bottom trawl survey 1980 R.V. More than 1,000 deep-sea fish specimens were collected during this expedition in water depths that were deeper than 200 m.
In addition, the FAO International Guidelines for the Management of Deep Sea Fisheries in the High Seas adopted in 2008 may not have been considered and accepted by the countries' national jurisdictions.
Opportunities for Southeast Asian countries to explore the demersal
Box: Fishing experiences of Japan and Thailand in the fishing grounds under SIOFA jurisdiction Japan has been using two different types of fishing discontinuously for 41 years, i.e. for the last fishing period in 2017 (January to February 2017) there were 14 vessels active in the above area. The main fishing practices applied within SIOFA's area of competence are trawling (midwater and bottom trawl), line fishing (longline, dropline), gillnet fishing and pot fishing.
These are the same fishing gears that Southeast Asian countries used in demersal fishing in Southeast Asian waters.
Important fishery resources in the area of competence of SIOFA
Source: Modified from Annual National Report of Japan on the 3rd Meeting of the Scientific Committee for the Southern Indian Ocean Fisheries Agreement (SIOFA). In the case of Japan and Thailand, which are Member States of SEAFDEC and also Contracting Parties to SIOFA, their fishing activities in SIOFA fishing areas (SIOFA, 2018) are summarized in the box. Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; pp 20-22 Website https://www.apsoi.org/ accessed on 15 January 2019 Website http://www.fishbase.org accessed on 8 January 2019.
Isara Chanrachkij is a researcher in the Research and Development Division of the Training Division of SEAFDEC, Samut Prakan 10290, Thailand (corresponding author: [email protected]).
Application of Molecular Techniques for Sustainable
Identification of species during the early stages of the fish life cycle
This activity, which aims to identify fish species in the early stages of their life cycles, is a pioneering study of the ichthyofauna in the lowland eastern part of the Sumatra peatland using a molecular approach. The sequence reference of adult fish species in the Merang Kepayang peatland accounts for 57% of the known species of the area. Scientific efforts have been made to sequence sequencing libraries of Sumatran freshwater fish, but the results are still spatial and inconsistent.
Fish from the waters of the black water peat forest are not landed.
Belida fish management strategy based on a regional approach
In 2003, this trade overtook the USA and although some species of ornamental fish are farmed, a large proportion still comes from the wild (Ng, 1991 in Ng et al., 1994), and thus may be affected by the conversion of many black swamps land surface that has reached an alarming stage. However, in the case of local populations, such as in Kampar River (Wibowo, 2011), each local population tends to have certain migration circuits and recruitment processes that almost none had occurred in other regions. Overfishing of belida fish in the Kampar River can have a real impact on the recruitment of returning fish to certain areas from any local population.
The loss or degradation of habitats together with overfishing could lead to the extinction of the local belida fish, so the management of belida fish in Indonesia, where the life history of most species is still not fully understood, should be seriously considered must be
Semah fish management
Conclusion
Arif Wibowo is a scientist from the Inland Fisheries and Extension Research Institute in Palembang, Indonesia, and is currently the Head of the SEAFDEC Inland Fisheries Resource Development and Management Department also in Palembang. Sulit is the Managing Editor of the SEAFDEC Special Publication Fish for the People, and is based at the SEAFDEC Secretariat in Bangkok, Thailand. Quantifying changes in deforestation rates in Indonesia from 1990 to 2005 using remotely sensed datasets.
The historical biogeography of the freshwater knifefishes using mitogenomic approaches: a Mesozoic origin of Asian notopterids (Actinopterygii: Osteoglossomorpha).
Bringing Fish Catch to Homes Fresh via Fish Liner or Walkathon
Sell it Easy, Save Big: the marketing of tilapia
The “walkathon” made its way
These struggles motivated Mang Erning and his fellow vendors to remodel their motorcycles to better serve their purpose of selling fish, giving birth to the "fish liner" or "walkathon." Box) with which retailers such as Mang Erning are now in a position to offer a unique and cost-effective retail experience that sets itself apart from fixed storefronts.
Travel light, sell bigtime
The usual old new way
Harnessing the Benefits of Breeding the Asian Medicinal Leech
Characteristics of Hirudinaria manillensis
Overexploitation and Reviving Leech Populations
Leech Culture in Thailand
It was also reported that humans are regularly attacked by H. Kutschera, 2011), and these leeches attach to and pierce the skin of humans in the laboratory (Kutschera & Roth, 2006). The body length and body weight of each leech were measured before they were placed in the breeding box. The leech strain was kept in the breeding boxes until 30 June 2018, but no cocoons were deposited after January 2018.
The differences in the specific growth rates could have been influenced by the nutritional values of the food that affected the digestive system of the juvenile leeches.
Production Cost
Although the differences in leech density were large between the two studies, the average number of cocoons that developed was almost similar. 2008) explained that the number of cocoons was affected by leech density resulting in competition for food and space. In addition, the quantity and quality of food are other factors that can affect the number, as well as the length and weight of the pods. Pod length and weight at low leech densities were greater than at high leech densities (Davies & . McLoughlin, 1996; Elliott & Kutschera, 2011; Zulhisyam et al., 2015).
About the Author
Acknowledgment
CALENDAR OF EVENTS
SEAFDEC currently consists of 11 member countries: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Japan, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. Sustainable fisheries and aquaculture management and development to contribute to food security, poverty alleviation and people's livelihoods in the Southeast Asian region. Technology transfer and capacity building to increase the capacity of member countries in the application of technologies and the implementation of fisheries policies and management tools for the sustainable use of fisheries and aquaculture resources.
Monitoring and evaluating the implementation of regional fisheries policies and management frameworks adopted under the ASEAN-SEAFDEC cooperative mechanism, and emerging international fisheries-related issues including their impacts on fisheries, food security and socio-economics of the region.
