23 A study of the communication barriers in the written administrative communication of the Central Philippine University at a certain period. The subjects of study were nine private schools in the city covering elementary, secondary and col. In order to minimize subjectivity in the interpretation of the content of the themes, analysis must be done by two other content analysts, apart from the researcher himself.
Many of the cheating practices cited by students and teachers were almost identical to those listed in An.
FINDINGS
Out of 28 behavioral situations, 20 of them or 71 percent were perceived by the faculty as serious. One hundred seventy-seven or 82 percent of the 217 students strongly disagreed with the behavior.
CONCLUSIONS
RECOMMENDATIONS
The purpose of this study was to detect problems with oral reading of poor readers from III. up to V grade and discover factors that may be associated with these problems. 70 students were included in the research, half of whom were poor readers and the other half were good readers. Sixty-three percent of all, or forty-four students, came from laboratory classes and thirty-seven percent, or twenty-six students, from "parallel classes".
Of the thirty-five poor readers, fifteen came from grade III, fifteen from IV and five from grade V. The children's ages varied from ten to fourteen years, and the average was eleven years.
PROCEDURE
It was the purpose of this study to find out which of the two methods, the traditional method (Method One) or the Process Approach (Meth. The experiment was conducted in Guisijan Elementary School, District of Laua-an, Division of A nti .que, and the subjects used were grade 6 students matched on the basis of gender, age, mental abilities and science background. To test the equality of the two groups in the four previously mentioned factors, the average difference between the two groups, in age and in composite score, were tested for significance using the critical ratio.
The difference between the standard deviations of the two groups was also tested for significance to determine the variability and the homogeneity of the two groups. od) was used with Group One, and Method Two (Process Ap. proach), with Group Two. The results of the two unit tests and the final performance test showed consistency in Group Two. The process approach used with Group Two is therefore a better method of developing these abilities.
The Process Approach allowed the better pupils to achieve or learn more than the Traditional Method, as shown by a significant difference in variability with Group Two achieving higher scores. The facts gathered from interviews with recipients of the communication enabled the investigator to identify the communication. The significance of the difference between the communication errors of office types was determined using the t-ratio.
FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS
The study sought to answer the question of which action tendencies were perceived as effective in PAs' behavior. The subjects of this study were ninety-three pastors who are actually employed by the churches or church-related institutions of the CPBC. The content of the critical inci. dents reported by the respondents in the questionnaire were analyzed.
Action tendencies were classified ac. according to their frequency of men. The rank-difference correlation coefficient or Spearman Rho was the statistical tool used to de. breaks the degree of agreement between the two respondents' reports. The critical ratio was used. determine the degree of agreement between the percentages of the two groups of respondents for each of the action tendencies listed in each of the four functions. national division of pastoral work. The same statistical tools were used to determine the level of agreement. ment between the ranks given by the two groups of respondents according to their choice of the fifteen most “ef. The findings of the study are as follows:
Respondents agreed on fourteen action trends they like. associated with effective pastoral care for. Respondents agreed that certain action tendencies are highly correlated with effective performance. mance in a separate functional division. Eleven action trends were very similar. nine with Evangelization and Christian Education; five with Sermon; and six with Pastoral Care and Counseling. Respondents agreed to sev. en tendencies of action they assessed as essential for pastoral work. The seven essential action trends are: “collaborative-participatory. Respondents agreed on their fifteenth choice on “ef. Effective pastors of the Convention of Philippine Baptist Churches. Lay leaders have attributed the action to ten. dens for each of the fifteen "ef. Based on the findings, the following are recommended. with the College of Theology of the Central University of the Philippines must discover ways and means by which they can develop these ten actions. dences related to effective pastoral performance in itself and develop competence in inter. 2) The College of Theology should develop an inclusive curriculum. ding courses aimed at developing action tendencies related to ef. effective pastoral performance in the seminary student.
THE PROBLEM
Between the economic status of certain youth and adults and their belief in a benevolent God. Niebuhr aptly describes this paradoxical situation where an individual chooses in freedom but is not independent because he exercises his freedom in the midst of values and powers that he did not choose but to which he is bound.1. Should wealth that satiates one's desire for improvement affect the nature of one's faith in God.
A split half reliability test was applied on the basis of the responses of 574 people to the odd and even items of the questionnaire. However, 166 of these respondents did not complete the questionnaire and had to be excluded from the study. Of these 166 respondents, 143 ignored the question about the family's average annual income, and the rest omitted either education, age or marital status.
The analysis of variance was done on the religious belief test scores, for each economic level separately and for the total sample. Edward's formula for multiple classification analysis of variance with unequal n's for the different treatments was used to test all four hypotheses. But for the fourth hypothesis, two other steps were taken: analysis of variance by single classification to study the effect of eco separately.
SUMMARY FINDINGS
Three hundred and fifteen or more than half of the respondents had a secondary education at most. The fourth hypothesis, that there are no significant differences between the three economic levels in their responses to the concept of a beneva. Married respondents also scored higher on the belief test than unmarried respondents, those with at least a lower col.
A greater homogeneity was observed among respondents in groups with low or high economic status. In this sample, high economic status tends to be positively associated with intense belief in a benevolent God; The more economically sustainable it is. With the predominance of respondents with middle economic status, it seems that the sample used in this study came from the same economic stratum.
Differentiation in the belief that God is benevolent was also found to be related to variables such as marital status and education. Does economic, social, or cultural deprivation that may accompany some form of instability make individuals less likely to emphasize the concept of a benevolent God in their belief system? At best, the findings in this study only help to discern trends in belief in a religious concept.
IMPLICATIONS AND RECOMMEN
DATIONS
The church can express itself in involvement. ment in aggressive participation at the policy-making communication level. both in life and in powerful pro . grams for improving living conditions. in the community. Schneider reports that there are signs that seminarians are turning away from conventional parish jobs. It is recommended to repeat this research in different situations, such as among different denominations and sects, among economic groups in the general population, in different geographical areas.
Now that peace seems very close in Southeast Asia, it is highly desirable to look somewhat more closely at opinion. Just over one percent (3) did not answer this question. made very interesting comments, such as: "The US has economic interests in continuing the war." American Pride, “Power Politics with China,” “The United States considers China to be its main enemy and wants to surround it with its military bases.
Yes---, No---, Com. ments, if any, "fifty-one, surprisingly, answered in the affirmative, one hundred and forty-two in the nega . tive, and thirty-two gave no opinion. However, very few of the second group were inclined to accept military aid by the US but were opposed to any direct involvement in the Cold War. The people of Southeast Asia appear to be markedly divided on the extent to which communism next door poses a threat to their society and institutions. While China has consistently denied (until then) her rightful place in the committee of nations, having been denied recognition by the US and its allies, she felt the necessity of, it was argued, the compulsion of recognition and acceptance in others, especially in related to its geography.
More troubling than anything else was the lack of trust that most Southeast Asians shared in the NA organization. I 1972-1973 The order in which the articles appear in this magazine does not indicate connection. Responsibility for the views expressed in the articles is taken by their authors.
ASIA JOURNAL
Ph.D. D., Unibersidad ti California idiay Berkeley) Macario B. D., Unibersidad ti California idiay Los Angeles Wilfredo G. Ph.D. D., Unibersidad ti Estado ti Ohio) Eliza U. Ed. D., Unibersidad ti Michigan) MANAGER TI NEGOSIO.
