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This dissertation entitled ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Societal Impacts of Traumatic Historic Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia is hereby accepted by the Faculty of Management and Development Studies, U.P. Open University, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of ASEAN Studies. Women cultural workers in Indonesia and Cambodia can therefore play an important role in tackling the negative social consequences of the Indonesian anti-communist purge (1965-66) and the Khmer Rouge genocide (1975-79).

Background and Rationale of the Study

In recent years, various groups of women who survived anti-communist purges have come together to create cultural. These stories are passed on to the younger generation, represented by the granddaughter of one of the women.

Statement of the Problem

ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Societal Effects of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 4. ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Dealing with the Negative Societal Effects of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 5.

Objectives of the Study

Due to the specificity of certain aspects in the genocide events in Indonesia and Cambodia, the approach of the two female cultural workers is understandably different in many aspects, especially in the direction of their approach and their perception of what is needed for the women in their societies . ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Societal Impacts of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 6.

Significance of the Study

Study Area

ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Societal Impacts of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 7. ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Societal Impacts of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 8.

Mass Killings and Atrocities in Southeast Asia in the 20 th Century: The Case

Indonesian Anti-Communist Purge (1965-66)

ASEAN women cultural workers in the film and theater industries and their role in addressing the negative social impacts of traumatic historical events: the case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 9. ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Social Impact of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 10.

Khmer Rouge Genocide (1975-79)

To complement Kiernan's study, Fawthrop and Jarvis (2004) focused on the difficulty of bringing perpetrators of the Khmer Rouge genocide to justice. One of the recent scholarship on the topic of the Khmer Rouge genocide is Gidley's (2019) book on 'Illiberal Transitional Justice and.

The Legacies of Mass Killings and Atrocities

Intergenerational Trauma

ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Social Impacts of Historical Traumatic Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 12. ASEAN Women Culture Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Social Impacts of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 13.

Loss of Social Vitality

ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Societal Effects of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 14. Sajjad's study is consistent with Card's (2003) observation that women play a central role in "the preservation and transmission of traditions, languages ​​and (daily) practices from one generation to the next and in maintaining family and community relationships" ( p. 76).

Violence Against Women

ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Social Impacts of Historical Traumatic Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 15. ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Social Impacts of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 16.

Women Cultural Workers’ Role in Addressing Collective Trauma

In the anthology “Gender, Violence and Power in Indonesia: Across Time and Space,” Dirgantoro and Hatley (2020) examined two plays dealing with mass violence in 1965–66: “The Silent Song of the Genjer Flowers” ​​and. In Mora's analysis of the two films, she did not focus specifically on the experience of women, but rather on the confrontation between victims and perpetrators and on the proposal of post-genocide ethics from these encounters.

Research Method

Data Sources

Conceptual Framework

ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Societal Impacts of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 21. ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Societal Impacts of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 22.

Figure 1. Conceptual framework for the study.
Figure 1. Conceptual framework for the study.

Theoretical Framework

Claudia Card’s Theory of Evil

ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Social Impacts of Historical Traumatic Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 23. ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Social Impacts of Historical Traumatic Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 25.

Marianne Hirsch’s Theory of Postmemory Generation

ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Social Effects of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 26. ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Social Effects of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 27.

Third World Feminist Theory

ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Social Effects of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 28. ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Social Effects of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 29.

Indonesia: Faiza Mardzoeki and ‘The Silent Song of the Genjer Flowers’

Faiza Mardzoeki

ASEAN women cultural workers in the film and theater industries and their role in addressing the negative social impacts of traumatic historical events: the case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 31. ASEAN women cultural workers in the film and theater industries and their role in addressing the negative social consequences of traumatic historical events: the case of Cambodia and Indonesia. ASEAN women cultural workers in the film and theater industries and their role in addressing the negative social impacts of traumatic historical events: the case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 34.

Cambodia: Kulikar Sotho and ‘The Last Reel’

Kulikar Sotho

ASEAN women cultural workers in the film and theater industries and their role in addressing the negative social impacts of traumatic historical events: the case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 41. ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Social Impact of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 45. ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Social Impact of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 51.

Indonesia’s ‘The Silent Song of the Genjer Flowers’

ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Societal Effects of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 52. ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Dealing with the Negative Societal Effects of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 56. ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Societal Effects of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 62.

Figure 2. On the left side of the stage where her bed is located, Suhartini reminisces  on her days as an activist while perusing an album, with pictures of the Gerwani  women flashed on the screen behind her and the song Salam Harapan playing in the  back
Figure 2. On the left side of the stage where her bed is located, Suhartini reminisces on her days as an activist while perusing an album, with pictures of the Gerwani women flashed on the screen behind her and the song Salam Harapan playing in the back

Cambodia’s ‘The Last Reel’

Sophoun had thought that what had affected her mother was simply a matter confined to the patriarchal conditions of Cambodian society. The film itself, "The Last Reel," is an ode to the victims of the Khmer Rouge genocide. Two Contrasting Views on Femininity in Cambodia and the Effects of the Khmer Rouge Genocide on Women.

The Role of Women as Cultural Workers in Post-Genocide Societies

Kulikar Sotho

In the aftermath, Sotho had noticed that her mother had not spoken about the past for 35 years, and it was this, along with the interviews with both victims and perpetrators, that became a catalyst for her to make a film that tells a Cambodian story for a Cambodian perspective. But as Morag noted in his analysis of the film, there is no reconciliation with the past. The sense of confusion and responsibility and the desire to repair that characterizes children of the second generation are present in the film, as well as Sotho's experience as a woman carving out a space for herself in the male-dominated film industry.

Addressing the Negative Societal Impacts in Post-Traumatic Societies in

In 'The Silent Song of the Genjer Flowers', the female survivors share with Ming their days as activists in the early years of Indonesia's independence. With the multifaceted presentation of the victims, Mardzoeki and Sotho do not fall into the trap of additional. The endings of the two works are grounded in the material realities of the current state of Indonesian and Cambodian societies, even in the optimistic final note of 'The Last Reel.'

The Impact of ‘The Silent Song of the Genjer Flowers’ and ‘The Last Reel’ 84

ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Social Impacts of Historical Traumatic Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 84. ASEAN Women Culture Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Social Impacts of Historical Traumatic Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 87. ASEAN Women Culture Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Social Impacts of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 92.

The ASEAN Way and the Significance of ‘The Silent Song of the Genjer

The ASEAN Way and the Meaning of "The Silent Song of the Genjer Flowers" and "The Last Reel". Mardzoeki and Sotho used strategies that reflected the current needs of their post-genocide societies. As an examination of two cultural texts that address the theme of women's experiences of intergenerational trauma in post-genocide societies and the ASEAN cultural workers behind these texts, this study is only a starting point for.

Indonesia

ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Social Effects of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 105. ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Social Effects of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 106. ASEAN Women Cultural Workers in the Film and Theater Industry and Their Role in Addressing the Negative Social Effects of Traumatic Historical Events: The Case of Cambodia and Indonesia | 107.

Cambodia

Retrieved from The Phnom Penh Post: https://www.phnompenhpost.com/7days/long-career-dy-saveth Emmers, R. Retrieved from The Phnom Penh Post: https://www.phnompenhpost.com/7days/7 -questions-dy-saveth Jones, L. Retrieved from Khmer Times: https://www.khmertimeskh.com/58984/the-last-reel-set-for- triumphant-return/.

Gambar

Figure 1. Conceptual framework for the study.
Figure 2. On the left side of the stage where her bed is located, Suhartini reminisces  on her days as an activist while perusing an album, with pictures of the Gerwani  women flashed on the screen behind her and the song Salam Harapan playing in the  back
Figure 4. On the right side of the stage, the five women survivors gather around the  dinner table to share with Ming the stories about the past
Figure 5. Map of Indonesia with annotations of places mentioned in ‘The Silent Song  of the Genjer Flowers’ and Faiza Mardzoeki’s accounts of her interviews with the  surviving 1965 women political prisoners
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