CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.3 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
In this study, the data collected in OECD member countries. We use the Quantitative Research by secondary data. Due to the limit of access data in some countries. So, the sample of the data can collect only 28 countries of OECD member countries including Australia, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and United States. Because of data source updated during study and limit of times. This study therefore collects the data using the period 2010-2016.
Due to the variable of protected areas is calculated by total of the terrestrial protected area and marine protected area. In some countries don’t have maritime zone. Therefore, protected area data in some countries does not include marine protected areas. However, the information used was reasonable. The countries that have the terrestrial protected area and marine protected area can accommodate to be tourist destinations. The countries can accommodate more tourists. Show that the country has high potential in tourism industry.
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82
APPENDIX
Descriptive Statistics (Tourism efficiency analysis) Number of
tourism arrivals
number of rooms
Employm- ent in tourism (person)
Protected areas (Square kilometres)
Tourism receipts (Current
US$) Mean 15386555.46 413657.2194 805825.1582 294147.2461 20403413265 Standa-
rd Error 1510989.547 67105.95348 100604.8159 45558.56388 2914192044 Median 7590000 103975 218339.5 51103.305 8995000000 Mode 6482000 653878 #N/A 60063.75 1065000000
Std.
Dev. 21153853.65 939483.3488 1408467.422 637819.8944 40798688609 Sample
Variance 4.47486E+14 8.82629E+11 1.98378E+12 4.06814E+11 1.66453E+21 Kurtosis 3.523985276 17.14598913 6.266439135 7.730180676 18.70029063 Skewne-
ss 2.138916028 4.098137003 2.616005089 2.912668143 4.227189738 Range 83963000 5104570 6427395 2800968.94 2.48621E+11 Maxim-
um 84452000 5114007 6440900 2805101.29 2.49183E+11 Minim-
um 489000 9437 13505 4132.35 562000000
Sum 3015764870 81076815 157941731 57652860.23 3.99907E+12 Observ-
ations 196 196 196 196 196
Descriptive Statistics (Determinants of tourism efficiency) Output
oriented technical efficiency
Urban population
GDP per capita (current
US$)
Environme ntal tax (%
of GDP)
Trade (% of GDP) Mean 0.806997449 27563730.34 36996.20929 2.375964 97.7059 Standard
Error 0.018401173 3753968.004 1549.291915 0.068194301 3.285221661 Median 1 6973357 36473.82688 2.3275 84.4342
Mode 1 N/A N/A 2.331 N/A
Std. Dev. 0.0184 52555552.06 21690.08681 0.95472 45.9931 Sample
Variance 0.066366221 2.76209E+15 470459865.9 0.911490681 2115.365547 Kurtosis -0.36553 10.86835784 0.167020285 1.201831 -0.67009 Skewness -1.02981 3.224508567 0.783657206 -0.312262 0.55426
Range 0.8382 264068612 94173.6948 5.825 199.5273767 Maxim-
um 0.1618 264366216 102913.4508 4.707 226.041
Minimum 1 297604 8739.756043 -1.118 26.514
Sum 158.172 5402491146 7251257.02 465.689 19150.4 Observa-
tions 196 196 196 196 196