CHOPHAYOM JOURNAL Vol.25 No.2 (July - December) 2014

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1øĆåðøąýćÿîýćÿêøéčþãĊïĆèæĉêÿć×ćüĉßćøĆåðøąýćÿîýćÿêøŤöĀćüĉì÷ćúĆ÷øćßõĆäüĕú÷ĂúÜÖøèŤĔîóøąïøöøćßĎðëĆöëŤ

2 ĂćÝćø÷Ťÿć×ćüĉßćøĆåðøąýćÿîýćÿêøŤöĀćüĉì÷ćúĆ÷øćßõĆäüĕú÷ĂúÜÖøèŤĔîóøąïøöøćßĎðëĆöëŤ

3 ñĎšßŠü÷ýćÿêøćÝćø÷Ťÿć×ćüĉßćøĆåðøąýćÿîýćÿêøŤöĀćüĉì÷ćúĆ÷øćßõĆäüĕú÷ĂúÜÖøèŤĔîóøąïøöøćßĎðëĆöëŤ

4ĂćÝćø÷ŤÙèąüĉì÷ćýćÿêøŤĒúąđìÙēîēú÷Ċ öĀćüĉì÷ćúĆ÷øćßõĆäüĕú÷ĂúÜÖøèŤĔîóøąïøöøćßĎðëĆöëŤ

ÿĆöùìíĉñúÖćøïøĉĀćø×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúĔîÖúčŠö÷čìíýćÿêøŤ ÝĆÜĀüĆéõćÙÖúćÜêĂîïî 1

The Management Achievement of Sub district Administration Organization of Provinces in the Upper Central Strategic Group 1

ýĉøĉîìø óčŠöüĆî

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đÖþößćêĉ îđøýđÿîĊ÷Ť

²

ìøÜýĆÖéĉĝ đÖĊ÷øêĉÿč×

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ĒúąïčâđøČĂÜ ýøĊđĀøĆâ

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Sirinthorn Poomwan

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Kasemchart Naressenie

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Songsak Kiattisuk

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and Boonrueng Sriharun

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ïìÙĆé÷ŠĂ

ÖćøüĉÝĆ÷ÙøĆĚÜîĊĚöĊüĆêëčðøąÿÜÙŤ 1) đóČęĂýċÖþćðŦâĀćĒúąĂčðÿøøÙĔîÖćøïøĉĀćøÝĆéÖćø×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćø ïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúĔîÖúčŠö÷čìíýćÿêøŤÝĆÜĀüĆéõćÙÖúćÜêĂîïî1 2) đóČęĂđÿîĂĒîüìćÜìĊęđĀöćąÿö ĔîÖćøïøĉĀćøÝĆéÖćøĔĀšđÖĉéÿĆöùìíĉñú×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúĔîÖúčŠö÷čìíýćÿêøŤÝĆÜĀüĆéõćÙÖúćÜ êĂîïî 1 ĔîÖćøüĉÝĆ÷ÙøĆĚÜîĊĚđðŨîÖćøüĉÝĆ÷đßĉÜÙčèõćóéĞćđîĉîÖćøēé÷ÖćøÿĆöõćþèŤđßĉÜúċÖÖĆïñĎšĔĀš×šĂöĎú ÿĞćÙĆâēé÷đÖĘï×šĂöĎúĔîóČĚîìĊęĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúĔîÖúčŠö÷čìíýćÿêøŤÝĆÜĀüĆéõćÙÖúćÜêĂîïî 1 ĕéšĒÖŠ ÝĆÜĀüĆéîîìïčøĊ ÝĆÜĀüĆéðìčöíćîĊ ÝĆÜĀüĆéóøąîÙøýøĊĂ÷čí÷ć ĒúąÝĆÜĀüĆéÿøąïčøĊ àċęÜðøąÖĂïéšü÷ ìšĂÜëĉęîÝĆÜĀüĆé ÝĞćîüî 4 Ùîîć÷ÖĂÜÙŤÖøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúÝĞćîüî 4 ÙîøĂÜîć÷ÖĂÜÙŤÖøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúÝĞćîüî 8 Ùîðøąíćî ÿõćĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúÝĞćîüî 4 ÙîĒúąðúĆéĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúÝĞćîüî 4 ÙîøüöìĆĚÜĀöéÝĞćîüî 24 ÙîñĎšüĉÝĆ÷ĔßšüĉíĊÖćøđúČĂÖĒïïđÝćąÝÜĒúąüĉđÙøćąĀŤ×šĂöĎúēé÷đßĉÜđîČĚĂĀćðøąÖĂïéšü÷ÖćøĒðúÝćÖÖćøêĊÙüćö

ñúÖćøüĉÝĆ÷óïüŠć

1) ðŦâĀćĒúąĂčðÿøøÙ×ĂÜĔîÖćøïøĉĀćøÝĆéÖćø×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúĔîÖúčŠö

÷čìíýćÿêøŤÝĆÜĀüĆéõćÙÖúćÜêĂîïî 1 öĊ 4 ðøąđéĘî ÙČĂ 1) øąïïÖćøêøüÝÿĂïõć÷Ĕî×ĂÜ ĀîŠü÷Üćî÷ĆÜ×ćéÙüćöđĀöćąÿöìĞćĔĀšđðŨîßŠĂÜìćÜÖćøĒÿüÜĀćðøąē÷ßîŤ 2) ýĆÖ÷õćóïčÙúćÖøÿŠüîĔĀâŠ

÷ĆÜĕöŠóøšĂöìĊęÝąøĆïñĉéßĂïÖćøïøĉĀćøÝĆéÖćøĕéšĂ÷ŠćÜöĊðøąÿĉìíĉõćó 3) ÖãøąđïĊ÷ï×šĂïĆÜÙĆï×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćø ÿŠüîêĞćïúĔîÖćøÖĞćÖĆïéĎĒúĒúąÿŠÜđÿøĉöÖćøÖøąÝć÷ĂĞćîćÝ Ēúą 4) ðøąßćßî×ćé ÝĉêÿĞćîċÖĔîÖćøóċęÜêîđĂÜ ìĆĚÜĔîéšćîđýøþåÖĉÝÿĆÜÙöüĆçîíøøöĒúąÿĉęÜĒüéúšĂö

2) ĒîüìćÜìĊęđĀöćąÿöĔîÖćøïøĉĀćøÝĆéÖćø ĔĀšđÖĉéÿĆöùìíĉñú×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïú ĔîÖúčŠö÷čìíýćÿêøŤÝĆÜĀüĆéõćÙÖúćÜêĂîïî 1 ðøąÖĂïéšü÷ĒîüìćÜÖćøïøĉĀćøìĊęÿĞćÙĆâ 4 ĂÜÙŤðøąÖĂï ÙČĂ 1) ĔĀšöĊøąïïÖćøêøüÝÿĂïìĊęđĀöćąÿöÖĆïõćøÖĉÝ×ĂÜĀîŠü÷Üćîēé÷ÖćøđîšîÙüćöÿĞćÙĆâ 3 ðøąđõìÙČĂÖćøĔßš

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ÜïðøąöćèĂ÷ŠćÜöĊðøąÿĉìíĉõćóĒúąēðøŠÜĔÿÖćøđóĉęö×ĊéÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜñĎšðøąđöĉîĒúąÖćøîĞćñúÖćøðøąđöĉîĕð ðøĆïðøčÜĀîŠü÷Üćî 2) ĒîüìćÜÖćøóĆçîćýĆÖ÷õćó×ĂÜïčÙúćÖøĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúēé÷đîšîÙüćöÿĞćÙĆâ 3 ðøąÖćø ÙČĂ ÖćøÿøšćÜõćüąñĎšîĞćìĊęđĀöćąÿöĔĀšĒÖŠñĎšïøĉĀćø ÖćøÿøšćÜÙčèíøøöĒúąÝøĉ÷íøøöĔĀšĒÖŠïčÙúćÖøìčÖ øąéĆï ĒúąđÿøĉöÿøšćÜÝĉêÿĞćîċÖđóČęĂðøąē÷ßîŤÿŠüîøüöĒÖŠïčÙúćÖøìčÖøąéĆï 3) ÿŠÜđÿøĉöĒúąÿîĆïÿîčîÖćøïøĉĀćø øćßÖćøÿŠüîìšĂÜëĉęîĔĀšöĊðøąÿĉìíĉõćóöćÖ×ċĚîĒúą÷ċéöĆęîĔîĀúĆÖíøøöćõĉïćúöćÖ×ċĚîĒúą 4) ÖćøüćÜĒñî÷čìíýćÿêøŤ ÖćøóĆçîćìšĂÜëĉęîÙüøđîšîÙüćöÿĞćÙĆâ 3 éšćî ÙČĂéšćîÙčèõćóßĊüĉê éšćîēÙøÜÿøšćÜóČĚîåćî Ēúą éšćîÖćøýċÖþćýćÿîćĒúąüĆçîíøøöìšĂÜëĉęîđóČęĂĔĀšđÖĉéÖćøóĆçîćìĊę÷ĆęÜ÷Čî

ÙĞćÿĞćÙĆâ : ēÙøÜÿøšćÜĂÜÙŤÖøðŦÝÝĆ÷ÖćøïøĉĀćøÝĆéÖćøĂÜÙŤÖø ĒîüìćÜìĊęđĀöćąÿöĔîÖćøïøĉĀćøÝĆéÖćø

ABSTRACT

The objectives of this research were 1) to study problems and obstacles in performance processes of the provinces in the upper central strategic group 1 and 2) to propose appropriate guidelines for management of the achievement effective administration of these sub district administrative organizations. In this research, qualitative research conducted by in-depth interviews with key informants repository sub district of the Central Province the upper one strategic group 1.

Nonthaburi, Pathumthani Ayutthaya and Saraburi consisting of Local provincial 4 people sub district administration organization president 4 people, Vice president, corporate management district for 8 people, sub district council 4 people, permanent and sub district 4 people. Total of 24 people the researcher used purposive sampling. And analyzed by content of the translations misinterpreted.

The results showed that.

1. The problems and obstacles in performance processes of the provincesin the upper central strategic group 1 composed of 4 aspects : 1) The internal auditing system of the organization was in effective at preventing corruption. 2) People competency of was not ready for responsibility and efÞcient management. 3) The rules and regulations of sub district administrative organization in supervision and decentralization promotion. (4) The people lacked of consciousness in

self-reliance comprising economic, social, cultural and environmental aspects mostly on supports.

2. The proposed practical guidelines for management of the achievement effective administration of these sub district administrative organizations comprised of 4 components : 1) the auditing system should be more appropriate for the organizational mission focusing on 3 dimensions having efÞcient and transparent budgeting system, improving the competency auditor and of evaluation results

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for organization at improvement, 2) the guidelines for personnel potential improvement should be focused ; developing leader administrates should be virtue and morality and being aware of public beneÞt. 3) enhancing applications effective administration and 4) the strategic local development planning should be emphasized on 3 dimensions as follows ; quality of life, infrastructure and education, religion and local culture for having sustainable development.

Keyword : Organization, Factors for Enterprise Management, Appropriate Approach to Management.

ïìîĞć

ÿĞćĀøĆïðøąđìýĕì÷öĊøĎðĒïïÖćøðÖÙøĂÜ ÿŠüîìšĂÜëĉęîđðŨîøą÷ąđüúćđÖČĂï 100 ðŘĒêŠÖćøðÖÙøĂÜ ìšĂÜëĉęîßŠüÜđüúćîĆĚîĕöŠöĊïìïćìêŠĂÖćøïøĉĀćøÖćø ðÖÙøĂÜðøąđìýđîČęĂÜÝćÖ×ćéÖćøÿîĆïÿîčîÿŠÜđÿøĉöĔĀš ìĞćĀîšćìĊęđðŨîêĆüĒìîñúðøąē÷ßîŤ×ĂÜðøąßćßîĂ÷ŠćÜìĊę ÙüøđðŨîÖøąìĆęÜöĊÖćøðäĉøĎðøąïïÖćøđöČĂÜßŠüÜìýüøøþ ìĊęĒúšüÖćøêČęîêĆüÖøąĒÿÖćøÖøąÝć÷ĂĞćîćÝìĞćĔĀšÿĆÜÙö ĕì÷ĀĆîöćÿîĔÝêŠĂðøąđéĘîÖćøðÖÙøĂÜÿŠüîìšĂÜëĉęî Ă÷ŠćÜÝøĉÜÝĆÜ éĆÜđĀĘîĕéšÝćÖïìïĆââĆêĉĀúć÷öćêøć ĔîøĆåíøøöîĎâðŘó.ý.2540 ĒúąðŘó.ý.2550 ĔĀšÙüćö ÿĞćÙĆâÖĆïĂÜÙŤÖøðÖÙøĂÜÿŠüîìšĂÜëĉęîöćÖ×ċĚî ìĆĚÜéšćî ÖćøïøĉĀćøðÖÙøĂÜêîđĂÜĒúąÖćøÿîĂÜÙüćöêšĂÜÖćø

×ĂÜðøąßćßîĔîÖćøÝĆéìĞćïøĉÖćøÿćíćøèą Öćø ðÖÙøĂÜìšĂÜëĉęîÖĞćđîĉé×ċĚîïîóČĚîåćîìùþãĊÖćøÖøąÝć÷

ĂĞćîćÝĒúąĂčéöÖćøèŤðøąßćíĉðĕê÷ àċęÜöčŠÜđðŗéēĂÖćÿ ĒúąÿîĆïÿîčîĔĀšðøąßćßîđ×šćöćöĊÿŠüîøŠüöĔî ÖøąïüîÖćøìćÜÖćøđöČĂÜ ĒúąÖĉÝÖøøöÖćøðÖÙøĂÜ êîđĂÜĔîøąéĆïĀîċęÜàċęÜÝąđĀĘîĕéšÝćÖúĆÖþèąÿĞćÙĆâ×ĂÜ ÖćøðÖÙøĂÜìšĂÜëĉęî ìĊęđîšîÖćøöĊĂĞćîćÝĂĉÿøąĔîÖćø ðÖÙøĂÜêîđĂÜöĊÖćøđúČĂÖêĆĚÜ (ēÖüĉì÷ŤóüÜÜćö, 2548) öĊĂÜÙŤÖøìĊęđðŨîÿëćïĆîìĊęÝĞćđðŨîĔîÖćøðÖÙøĂÜêîđĂÜ ĒúąìĊęÿĞćÙĆâÙČĂðøąßćßîĔîìšĂÜëĉęîÝąöĊÿŠüîøŠüöĔîÖćø ðÖÙøĂÜêîđĂÜĂ÷ŠćÜÖüšćÜ×üćÜ ÿøčð ĂćÝÖúŠćüĕéšüŠć ÖćøðÖÙøĂÜìšĂÜëĉęî ÙČĂ ÖćøðÖÙøĂÜìĊęøĆåĕéšÖøąÝć÷

ĂĞćîćÝïøĉĀćøĔĀšĒÖŠðøąßćßîðÖÙøĂÜêîđĂÜĔîßčößî ìĊęöĊóúđöČĂÜĀîćĒîŠîóĂÿöÙüøĒúąöĊøć÷ĕéšđóĊ÷ÜóĂĒÖŠ ÖćøðäĉïĆêĉĀîšćìĊęìĆĚÜîĊĚĂ÷ĎŠõć÷ĔêšÖćøÙüïÙčöéĎĒú×ĂÜøĆå ÖćøðÖÙøĂÜìšĂÜëĉęîđðŨîøąïïÖćøðÖÙøĂÜìĊęĕéšøĆïÖćø

÷ĂöøĆïüŠćđðŨîøćÖĒÖšü×ĂÜÖćøðÖÙøĂÜøąïĂï ðøąßćíĉðĕê÷ ìĆĚÜîĊĚđóøćąđðŨîÖćøđðŗéēĂÖćÿĔĀš ðøąßćßîĕéšđøĊ÷îøĎšÖćøðÖÙøĂÜĔîøąéĆïìšĂÜëĉęî éšü÷êîđĂÜ (ēÖüĉì÷ŤóüÜÜćö, 2548)

ĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúÝċÜđðŨîĀîŠü÷Öćø ðÖÙøĂÜÿŠüîìšĂÜëĉęî×îćéđúĘÖìĊęöĊåćîąđðŨîîĉêĉĒúą ïčÙÙú ìĊęĔÖúšßĉéÖĆïðøąßćßîöćÖìĊęÿčéÿćöćøëéĞćđîĉî Öĉ Ý Ö ć ø ê ć ö ĂĞ ć î ć Ý Ā î š ć ìĊę ĕ é š Ă ÷ Š ć Ü öĊ Ăĉ ÿ ø ą êćöøąđïĊ÷ïÖãĀöć÷ìĊęÖĞćĀîéĕüšĒêŠìĆĚÜîĊĚĂĞćîćÝĀîšćìĊę ìĊęðäĉïĆêĉĔĀšïøøúčĒúąđÖĉéðøąÿĉìíĉõćóĕéšîĆĚîðøąßćßî êšĂÜđðŨîñĎšÖĞćĀîéìĉýìćÜĔîÖćøüćÜîē÷ïć÷đĂÜĂ÷ŠćÜ đðŨîĂĉÿøąéšü÷ (Ebert and Micheal., 1975) ñĎšïøĉĀćø

×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúêšĂÜđðŗéēĂÖćÿĔĀš ðøąßćßîöĊÿŠüîøŠüöĔîìčÖéšćîĔĀšðøąßćßîöĊÙüćöøĎšÿċÖ üŠćĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúđðŨî×ĂÜðøąßćßîđĂÜ ĀćÖ ðøąßćßîöĊÙüćöøĎšÿċÖĂ÷ŠćÜîĊĚ (Purnomo, H., Mendi- za, G.A., Prabhu, R., 2004) ĒúšüđßČęĂĕéšüŠćßčößîđÖĉé Ùüćöđ×šöĒ×ĘÜ öĊÖúĕÖìĊęđÖĉéýĆÖ÷õćóĒúą ĔîĂîćÙêĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúĂćÝĔÖúšßĉéÖĆï ðøąßćßî ĒúąìøĆó÷ćÖøêŠćÜė ĔîßîïìøĎšëċÜðŦâĀć ÙüćöêšĂÜÖćøìĊęĒìšÝøĉÜøüöìĆĚÜĒîüìćÜĒÖšĕ×ðŦâĀćĕéš

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đðŨîĂ÷ŠćÜéĊ ĂĆîÝąÿŠÜñúêŠĂÙüćöÿĞćđøĘÝĀøČĂÙüćöúšö đĀúü×ĂÜÖćøóĆçîć éšćîđýøþåÖĉÝ ÿĆÜÙö ÖćøđöČĂÜ ĒúąÿĉęÜĒüéúšĂöĔîßčößîĒúąđðŨîĂÜÙŤÖøìĊęđðŗéēĂÖćÿ ĔĀšðøąßćßîđ×šćöćöĊÿŠüîøŠüöĔîÖćøïøĉĀćøÜćîÖćø ÝĆéÖćøìøĆó÷ćÖøĒúąóĆçîćìšĂÜëĉęî×ĂÜêîđĂÜĕéšĂ÷ŠćÜ ĂĉÿøąĒúąÙúŠĂÜêĆüöćÖ×ċĚî đîČęĂÜÝćÖĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćø ÿŠüîêĞćïúđðŨîĂÜÙŤÖø×ĂÜðøąßćßîìĊęÿćöćøëÖøąêčšî ĔĀšðøąßćßîđ×šćöćöĊÿŠüîøŠüöĔîÖćøóĆçîćđóČęĂÿąìšĂî ðŦâĀćÙüćöêšĂÜÖćø×ĂÜßčößîĀøČĂÿîĆïÿîčîĔĀšßčößî ìšĂÜëĉęîĕéšßŠü÷ÖĆîêĆéÿĉîĔÝĒÖšðŦâĀćĕéšĂ÷ŠćÜøüéđøĘü ĒúąöĊðøąÿĉìíĉõćó ĒêŠêćöÿõćóÙüćöđðŨîÝøĉÜĔî ðŦÝÝčïĆîÖćøéĞćđîĉîÜćî×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïú

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(5)

×Ăïđ×ê×ĂÜÖćøüĉÝĆ÷

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4) ×Ăïđ×êéšćîđüúćÖćøüĉÝĆ÷ÙøĆĚÜîĊĚ ÝąđøĉęöéĞćđîĉîÖćøđÖĘï×šĂöĎúêĆĚÜĒêŠđéČĂîÖøÖãćÙö – đéČĂîóùýÝĉÖć÷î ó.ý. 2556 øüöìĆĚÜÿĉĚî 5 đéČĂî

üĉíĊéĞćđîĉîÖćøüĉÝĆ÷

ÖćøüĉÝĆ÷đøČęĂÜ ÿĆöùìíĉñúÖćøïøĉĀćø×ĂÜ ĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúĔîÖúčŠö÷čìíýćÿêøŤÝĆÜĀüĆé õćÙÖúćÜêĂîïî 1 ĕéšĒÖŠ ÝĆÜĀüĆéîîìïčøĊ ÝĆÜĀüĆé

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đðŗé (Open – ended Questionnaire) ÝćÖÖúčŠö êĆüĂ÷ŠćÜàċęÜđðŨîñĎšøŠüöøĆïñĉéßĂïēé÷êøÜĔîåćîąìĊęìŠćî

(6)

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1.2 ×ĂÙĞćðøċÖþćĒîąîĞć ÝćÖĂćÝćø÷ŤìĊęðøċÖþćüĉì÷ćîĉóîíŤđÖĊę÷üÖĆïøĎðĒïïßčé ÙĞćëćöĒïïÿĆöõćþèŤđßĉÜúċÖ

1.3îĞćøĎðĒïïßčéÙĞć ÿĂïëćöìĊęÿøšćÜ×ċĚî öćêøüÝÿĂïÙüćöđìĊę÷ÜêøÜ đßĉÜóĉîĉÝ (Face Validety) ēé÷ñĎšđßĊę÷üßćâÝĞćîüî 5 ìŠćî đóČęĂóĉÝćøèćÙüćöÿĂéÙúšĂÜĒúąÙøĂïÙúčö×ĂÜ ĒïïÿĂïëćöÖĆïîĉ÷ćöðäĉïĆêĉÖćøĒúąóøšĂöóĉÝćøèć êøüÝÿĂïđÙøČęĂÜöČĂ ĀúĆÜÝćÖîĆĚîîĞćöćðøĆïĒÖš×šĂ ÙĞćëćöêćö×šĂđÿîĂĒîą×ĂÜñĎšđßĊę÷üßćâ

1.4 îĞćĒïïÿĂïëćöìĊęĕéš ÝćÖ×šĂ 5 ĔĀšÙèąÖøøöÖćøÙüïÙčöüĉì÷ćîĉóîíŤ óĉÝćøèćĂĊÖÙøĆĚÜðøĆïðøčÜĒÖšĕ×êćö×šĂđÿîĂĒîąĒúą îĞćĕðìéÿĂï (Tryout) ÖĆïñĎšîĞćßčößîàċęÜđðŨîñĎšøŠüöøĆï ñĉéßĂïēé÷êøÜĔîåćîąìĊęìŠćîđĀúŠćîĆĚîđðŨîñĎšÿøšćÜ ÙüćöđÝøĉâÖšćüĀîšćĂ÷ŠćÜöĊðøąÿĉìíĉõćóĔîÖćøöĊÿŠüî øŠüö×ĂÜÖćøïøĉĀćøĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúĔîÖúčŠö

÷čìíýćÿêøŤÝĆÜĀüĆéõćÙÖúćÜêĂîïî 1 ìĊęĕöŠĔßŠÖúčŠö êĆüĂ÷ŠćÜÝĞćîüî 30 Ùî

1.5 îĞćßčéÙĞćëćöìĊęĔßšĔîÖćø ÿĆöõćþèŤĕðĔßšđÖĘïøüïøüö×šĂöĎú

2. ĒïïïĆîìċÖ×šĂöĎúìĊęĕéšÝćÖÖćø üĉđÙøćąĀŤđĂÖÿćøĒúąñúÜćîüĉÝĆ÷ìĊęđÖĊę÷ü×šĂÜ

ÖćøđÖĘïøüïøüö×šĂöĎú

ÖćøÝĆéđÖĘï×šĂöĎúÝąéĞćđîĉîÖćøēé÷ñĎšüĉÝĆ÷

ÝĆéđÖĘïéšü÷êĆüđĂÜĒúąöĊñĎšßŠü÷üĉÝĆ÷ ĔîÖćøđÖĘï×šĂöĎú ÝćÖĒïïÿĆöõćþèŤ×ĂÜÖćøïøĉĀćø×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćø ÿŠüîêĞćïú àċęÜñĎšüĉÝĆ÷öĊ×ĆĚîêĂîĔîÖćøÝĆéđÖĘïøüïøüö

×šĂöĎúéĆÜêŠĂĕðîĊĚ

1) ñĎšüĉÝĆ÷×ĂĀîĆÜÿČĂĒîąîĞćêĆüñĎšüĉÝĆ÷

ÝćÖÿĞćîĆÖÜćîïĆèæĉêýċÖþć ÿëćïĆîöĀćüĉì÷ćúĆ÷

øćßõĆäüĕú÷ĂúÜÖøèŤ ĔîóøąïøöøćßĎðëĆöõŤ ÷ČęîêŠĂ ÖúčŠöêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜđóČęĂ×ĂĂîčâćêĔîÖćøêĂïĒïïÿĂïëćö ĒúąÿĆöõćþèŤ

2) êĉéêŠĂ×ĂÙüćöøŠüööČĂÖĆïìšĂÜëĉęî ÝĆÜĀüĆé îć÷ÖĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïú øĂÜîć÷Ö ĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúðøąíćîÿõćĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćø ÿŠüîêĞćïú ĒúąðúĆéĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúêŠćÜė (ÝĆÜĀüĆéîîìïčøĊÝĆÜĀüĆéðìčöíćîĊÝĆÜĀüĆéóøąîÙøýøĊĂ÷čí÷ć ĒúąÝĆÜĀüĆéÿøąïčøĊ) ìĊęđðŨîÖúčŠöêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜĔîÖćøÿĆöõćþèŤ ĒúąÖćøîĞćĒïïÿĂïëćöĕðđÖĘï×šĂöĎúÝćÖÖúčŠöêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜ 3) ÖćøýċÖþć×šĂöĎúÝćÖđĂÖÿćø (Documentary Study) ĔßšĔîÖćøøüïøüö×šĂöĎúìĊę đÖĊę÷ü×šĂÜÖĆïÖćøïøĉĀćøĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúĒúą ēé÷ñĎšüĉÝĆ÷ýċÖþćđĂÖÿćøđÞóćąĔîÿŠüîìĊęöĊÖćøđßČęĂöē÷Ü ëċÜ×šĂöĎúìĊęđðŨîðøąē÷ßîŤêŠĂÖćøüĉÝĆ÷Ēúą×šĂöĎúìĊęĕéšøĆï ÖćøÖúŠćüëċÜĔîÖćøÿĆöõćþèŤ 4) ÖćøÿĆöõćþèŤ (Interview) đðŨîĒïïÿĆöõćþèŤđßĉÜúċÖĒïïöĊēÙøÜÿøšćÜ (Structure In-dept Interview)ÖćøÿĆöõćþèŤđßĉÜúċÖ (In-depth Interview) éĞćđîĉîÖćøÿĆöõćþèŤ ÖúčŠöêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜ

ÖćøüĉđÙøćąĀŤ×šĂöĎú

ñĎšüĉÝĆ÷ĕéšîĞć×šĂöĎúìĊęĕéšÝćÖÖćøÿĆöõćþèŤ đßĉÜúċÖÝćÖñĎšĔĀš×šĂöĎúÿĞćÙĆâöćêøüÝÿĂïÙüćöëĎÖêšĂÜ ÿöïĎøèŤ×ĂÜ×šĂöĎúđĀúŠćîĆĚîĂĊÖÙøĆĚÜĀîċęÜēé÷đðøĊ÷ïđìĊ÷ï ÝćÖÖćøôŦÜïĆîìċÖđìðàĞĚćĒúšüîĞć×šĂöĎúìĊęĕéšöćøüïøüö

(7)

ÝĆéøąïïĔĀšđðŨîĀöüéĀöĎŠîĞć×šĂöĎúìĊęđÖĊę÷ü×šĂÜöćÿøčð ĀćĔÝÙüćöÿĞćÙĆâēé÷êĊÙüćöĀöć÷ĒúąĒ÷ÖĒ÷ą×šĂöĎú ìĊęöĊÙüćöĀöć÷đéĊ÷üÖĆîĂ÷ĎŠĔîĒîüđøČęĂÜđéĊ÷üÖĆî ÖćøüĉđÙøćąĀŤ×šĂöĎúðøąÖĂïéšü÷×ĆĚîêĂîéĆÜîĊĚ

1) ×šĂöĎúìĊęĕéšÝćÖÖćøÿĆöõćþèŤ (Interview) ĔßšüĉíĊÖćøüĉđÙøćąĀŤĒïïĂčðîĆ÷ (Analytic induction) ēé÷îĞć×šĂöĎúöćđøĊ÷ïđøĊ÷ÜĒúąÝĞćĒîÖ Ă÷ŠćÜđðŨîøąïï ÝćÖîĆĚîîĞćöćêĊÙüćöĀöć÷ đßČęĂöēé÷

ÙüćöÿĆöóĆîíŤĒúąÿøšćÜ×šĂÿøčðÝćÖ×šĂöĎúêŠćÜė ìĊęøüïøüöĕéš ēé÷ìĞćĕðóøšĂöė ÖĆïÖćøđÖĘïøüïøüö

×šĂöĎúìĆĚÜîĊĚđóČęĂÝąĕéšýċÖþćðøąđéĘîêŠćÜĕéšúċÖàċĚÜ đöČęĂðøąđéĘîĔéüĉđÙøćąĀŤĒúšü ĕöŠöĊÙüćößĆéđÝîÖĘÝąêćö ĕðđÖĘï×šĂöĎúđóĉęöđêĉöĔîðøąđéĘîêŠćÜė đĀúŠćîĆĚî đóČęĂ êĂïÙĞćëćöĀúĆÖêćöüĆêëčðøąÿÜÙŤ×ĂÜÖćøüĉÝĆ÷×šĂöĎú đßĉÜÙčèõćóĒúąđßĉÜðøĉöćèĕéšîĞćöćüĉđÙøćąĀŤđóČęĂ ĀćÙüćöđßČęĂöē÷ÜÙüćöÿĆöóĆîíŤđßĉÜìùþäĊ

2) ÖćøêøüÝÿĂïĒúąÖćøüĉđÙøćąĀŤ

×šĂöĎú Ĕî×ĆĚîĒøÖñĎšüĉÝĆ÷ĕéšêøüÝÿĂïüŠćĕéš×šĂöĎú đóĊ÷ÜóĂĒúšüĀøČĂ÷ĆÜ ×šĂöĎúîĆĚîĕéšêĂïðŦâĀć×ĂÜÖćø üĉÝĆ÷ĒúšüĀøČĂĕöŠ ĀćÖñĎšüĉÝĆ÷óïüŠćĕéš×šĂöĎúìĊęĕöŠêøÜÖĆî ñĎšüĉÝĆ÷ÝąêøüÝÿĂïüŠć×šĂöĎúìĊęĒìšÝøĉÜđðŨîĂ÷ŠćÜĕø àċęÜñĎšüĉÝĆ÷ĕéšđúČĂÖüĉíĊÖćøêøüÝÿĂï×šĂöĎúìĊęĔßšÖĆîöćÖĔî ÖćøüĉÝĆ÷đßĉÜÙčèõćóÙČĂÖćøêøüÝÿĂï×šĂöĎúĒïï ÿćöđÿšć (Triangulation)

ñúÖćøüĉÝĆ÷

Ăõĉðøć÷ñúÖćøüĉÝĆ÷

1) ðŦâĀćĒúąĂčðÿøøÙĔîÖćøïøĉĀćø ÝĆéÖćø×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúĔîÖúčŠö÷čìíýćÿêøŤ ÝĆÜĀüĆéõćÙÖúćÜêĂîïî 1 ÿøčðñúĕéšéĆÜîĊĚ ĔîÖćø ïøĉĀćøÝĆéÖćø×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïú ñú×ĂÜ ÖćøüĉÝĆ÷ óïüŠćîć÷ÖĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúìĊęöć ÝćÖÖćøđúČĂÖêĆĚÜìĆĚÜĀöé øüöëċÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüî êĞćïú÷ĆÜöĊåćîąđðŨîîĉêĉïčÙÙúÝċÜöĊÙüćöÿćöćøëĔîÖćø ìĞćîĉêĉÖøøöÿĆââćēé÷ĕöŠêšĂÜñŠćîìćÜøćßÖćøđðŨîñú

ìĞćĔĀšĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúöĊÙüćöÙúŠĂÜêĆüĔîÖćø éĞćđîĉîÖćø (ĂîĆîêŤđéßē÷íĉî, 2554) ĒúąñĎšïøĉĀćøÖĘ öĊ×Ăïđ×êĂĞćîćÝĀîšćìĊęìĊęöćÖ×ċĚîìĞćĔĀšĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćø ÿŠüîêĞćïúđðŨîĂÜÙŤÖøðÖÙøĂÜÿŠüîìšĂÜëĉęîìĊęÿćöćøë ÿîĂÜêĂïêŠĂÖćøĒÖšĕ×ðŦâĀćĔĀšÖĆïðøąßćßîĔîđ×ê ĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúĕéšöćÖ×ċĚî ĂĆîìĞćĔĀš ðøąßćßîĔîđ×êĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúöĊÙüćöóċÜ óĂĔÝéĆÜîĆĚîĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïú öĊÙüćöÿĞćÙĆâ êŠĂìšĂÜëĉęîđðŨîĂ÷ŠćÜöćÖĔîÿŠüîìšĂÜëĉęîÝĆÜĀüĆéîĆĚîÙĂ÷

ÖĞćÖĆïđøČęĂÜÖã×šĂïĆÜÙĆï ēé÷ĔĀšÙüćößŠü÷đĀúČĂ ÿîĆïÿîčîĂÜÙŤÖøðÖÙøĂÜÿŠüîìšĂÜëĉęîĔîđ×êĂĞćđõĂ ĕéšĒÖŠđìýïćúĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúĒúąĂÜÙŤÖø ðÖÙøĂÜÿŠüîìšĂÜëĉęîĔîøĎðĒïïĂČęîėĔîóČĚîìĊę ìĊęøĆïñĉéßĂï ĔĀšéĞćđîĉîÖćøêćöĂĞćîćÝ ĀîšćìĊęêćö ÖãĀöć÷îē÷ïć÷×ĂÜøĆåïćúĒúąøąđïĊ÷ïĀúĆÖđÖèæŤ ìĊęÖĞćĀîé øüöëċÜÖćøĔĀšÙĞćðøċÖþć ĒîąîĞć ÖĞćĀîé ĒîüìćÜĒÖšĕ×ðŦâĀćìĊęđÖĊę÷üÖĆïÖćøđÜĉî ÖćøïĆâßĊ ÖćøóĆÿéčøüöìĆĚÜÙüïÙčöêøüÝÿĂïÖćøđÜĉîïĆâßĊ ÖćøóĆÿéč×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖøðÖÙøĂÜÿŠüîìšĂÜëĉęîĔĀšđðŨîĕðêćö ÖãĀöć÷øąđïĊ÷ï×šĂïĆÜÙĆïĒúąĀúĆÖđÖèæŤìĊęÖĞćĀîé ĒêŠïćÜÙøĆĚÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúïćÜêĞćïú÷ĆÜ ìĞćÜćîđÖĉîĂĞćîćÝĀîšćìĊęĒúąÖøĂïêćöĂĞćîćÝĀîšćìĊę (êøĊóøßćêĉĒÿîðŗÜ, 2547)

éĆÜîĆĚîÿøčðñúìĊęöĊÖćøđóĉęöýĆÖ÷õćóĔîÖćø éĞćđîĉîÖĉÝÖćøøŠüöÖĆîÝĆéìĞćïøĉÖćøÿćíćøèą ðøĆïēÙøÜÿøšćÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúÖćøÿŠÜđÿøĉö ÖćøÝĆéêĆĚÜĂÜÙŤÖøðÖÙøĂÜÿŠüîìšĂÜëĉęîøĎðĒïïóĉđýþ đóČęĂĔĀšđÖĉéÖćøïĎøèćÖćøĔîìšĂÜëĉęî ×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖø ðÖÙøĂÜìšĂÜëĉęî×îćéđúĘÖÖćøóĆçîćßŠĂÜìćÜĔĀš ðøąßćßîĔîìšĂÜëĉęîÿćöćøëđúČĂÖøĎðĒïïēÙøÜÿøšćÜ õć÷Ĕî ìĊęđĀöćąÿöÖĆïìšĂÜëĉęîêîđĂÜĕéšĒúąÖćøÿøšćÜ ÿëćïĆîĀøČĂĂÜÙŤÖøđóČęĂìĞćĀîšćìĊęÿøšćÜÙüćöóøšĂö×ĂÜ ðøąßćßîĔîÖćøđ×šćĕð öĊÿŠüîøŠüöĒúąêøüÝÿĂïĔî ÖĉÝÖćø×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖøðÖÙøĂÜÿŠüîìšĂÜëĉęî

2) ĒîüìćÜìĊęđĀöćąÿöĔîÖćø

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ïøĉĀćøĒïïöčŠÜñúÿĆöùìíĉĝ×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïú ĔîÖúčŠö÷čìíýćÿêøŤÝĆÜĀüĆéõćÙÖúćÜêĂîïî 1 ÿøčðñú ĕéšéĆÜîĊĚ ĔîÖćøïøĉĀćøÝĆéÖćø×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüî êĞćïú ñú×ĂÜÖćøüĉÝĆ÷óïüŠćĒîüìćÜìĊęđĀöćąÿöĔî ÖćøïøĉĀćøĒïïöčŠÜñúÿĆöùìíĉĝ×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüî êĞćïúđðŨîÖćøïøĉĀćøìĊęĔĀšÙüćöÿĞćÙĆâêŠĂñúÖćøéĞćđîĉî Üćî ĒúąÖćøêøüÝüĆéñúÿĞćđøĘÝĔîÖćøéĞćđîĉîÜćî×ĂÜ ĂÜÙŤÖćøàċęÜÝąêšĂÜöĊÖćøÖĞćĀîéüĆêëčðøąÿÜÙŤđðŜćĀöć÷

×ĂÜÜćî ĒúąÖĞćĀîéêĆüßĊĚüĆéÙüćöÿĞćđøĘÝ ĕüšúŠüÜĀîšć ēé÷ĔĀšñĎšïøĉĀćøìčÖøąéĆï ÿöćßĉÖ×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćø Ēúą êúĂéëċÜñĎšìĊęöĊÿŠüîĕéšÿŠüîđÿĊ÷ÖúčŠöêŠćÜė ìĊęđÖĊę÷ü×šĂÜÖĆï ÖćøðäĉïĆêĉÜćî×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćø öĊÿŠüîøŠüöĔîÖćøÙĉé (üøÖćîêŤ ÿčõćÖćý, 2547) ÖćøïøĉĀćøÝĆéÖćø ÖćøêĆéÿĉîĔÝÖćøøŠüöĒÖšĕ×ðŦâĀćđóČęĂĔĀšÜćîïøøúčñú êćöìĊęêĆĚÜđĂćĕüš õć÷ĔîđüúćĒúąìøĆó÷ćÖøìĊęÝĞćÖĆé àċęÜÿĂéÙúšĂÜÖĆïìšĂÜëĉęîÝĆÜĀüĆéðìčöíćîĊ éĆÜîĆĚîÿøčð ĒîüìćÜìĊęđĀöćąÿöĔîÖćøïøĉĀćøÝĆéÖćøĂÜÙŤ ÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïú ēé÷öčŠÜĀüĆÜìĊęÝąĔĀšÖćøïøĉĀćø ÝĆéÖćøĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúìĊęéĊöĊÙüćöēðøŠÜĔÿìĆĚÜ ÖćøïøĉĀćøĒúąÖćøđöČĂÜðøąßćßîöĊÿŠüîøŠüöĔîÖćø êøüÝÿĂïĒúąÿŠÜđÿøĉöÖćøðÖÙøĂÜĔîøąïĂï ðøąßćíĉðĕê÷ (îüóøĒÿÜĀîčŠö, 2544) ēé÷öĊđðŜćĀöć÷

ÖćøóĆçîćìĞćĔĀšðøąßćßîĕéšøĆïÖćøïøĉÖćøÝćÖĂÜÙŤÖćø ïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúìĊęéĊ ĒúąÿąéüÖøüéđøĘü÷ĉęÜ×ċĚîøą÷ą đüúćÖćøĔĀšïøĉÖćøÿĆĚî ĒúąøüéđøĘüìĆîêŠĂđĀêčÖćøèŤ ÿŠÜđÿøĉöĔĀšðøąßćßîĕéšđ×šćöćêøüÝÿĂï×šĂöĎú×Šćüÿćø Öćøđñ÷ĒóøŠ×Šćüÿćø ÖćøĔĀšðøąßćßîĕéšøŠüöĒÿéÜ ÙüćöÙĉéđĀĘîĒúąøŠüöêĆéÿĉîĔÝÖĆïìćÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćø ÿŠüîêĞćïúĔĀšìĆęüëċÜÿŠÜđÿøĉöĔĀšÙüćöøĎšÖãĀöć÷êŠćÜ ė ĒÖŠðøąßćßîøüöëċÜđóĉęöðøąÿĉìíĉõćóĔîÖćøĔĀšïøĉÖćø ĒÖŠðøąßćßîóĆçîćøąïïÖćøĔĀšïøĉÖćø×šĂöĎú×Šćüÿćø ĒÖŠðøąßćßî Ēúąđñ÷ĒóøŠĒúąĂïøöĔĀšðøąßćßî ĕéšöĊÙüćöøĎšĔîđøČęĂÜ×ĂÜÖãĀöć÷ĒúąĂČęî ė (üĉøĆêîŤ ýćîêĉĂćõć, 2548) ĔîÖćøïøĉĀćøÝĆéÖćø ĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúĔĀšïøøúčÿĆöùìíĉñú

ÿøčðñúÖćøüĉÝĆ÷

1) ðŦâĀćĒúąĂčðÿøøÙ×ĂÜÖćøïøĉĀćø ÝĆéÖćø×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúĔîÖúčŠö

÷čìíýćÿêøŤÝĆÜĀüĆéõćÙÖúćÜêĂîïî 1 öĊ 4 ðøąđéĘî ÙČĂ 1) øąïïÖćøêøüÝÿĂïõć÷Ĕî×ĂÜĀîŠü÷Üćî÷ĆÜ×ćé ÙüćöđĀöćąÿöìĞćĔĀšđðŨîßŠĂÜìćÜÖćøĒÿüÜĀć ðøąē÷ßîŤìĊęöĉÙüøĕéšĒÖŠñĎšìĊęđÖĊę÷ü×šĂÜ đÝšćĀîšćìĊęõćÙøĆå ĒúąñĎšðøąÖĂïÖćøđĂÖßî 2) ÖćøóĆçîćýĆÖ÷õćó ïčÙúćÖøÿŠüîĔĀâŠ÷ĆÜĕöŠóøšĂöìĊęÝąøĆïñĉéßĂïÖćøïøĉĀćø ÝĆéÖćøĕéšĂ÷ŠćÜöĊðøąÿĉìíĉõćóđîČęĂÜÝćÖ÷ĆÜ×ćéÙüćöøĎš Ùüćöđ×šćĔÝđÖĊę÷üÖĆïøąïïÖćøðÖÙøĂÜđóøćą÷ĆÜöĊøąéĆï ÖćøýċÖþćêĞęć ×ćéÿĞćîċÖìćÜÖćøđöČĂÜ ĒúąöĊÙüćö đÙ÷ßĉîÖĆïøąïïĂčðëĆöõŤ 3) ÖãøąđïĊ÷ï×šĂïĆÜÙĆï×ĂÜ ĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúĔîÖćøÖĞćÖĆïéĎĒúĒúąÿŠÜđÿøĉö ÖćøÖøąÝć÷ĂĞćîćÝĔĀšđðŨîêćöĒñîìĊęüćÜĕüšîĆĚî÷ĆÜ×ćé ÙüćößĆéđÝîìĞćĔĀšñĎšðãĉïĆêĉ÷ĆÜöĊöčööĂÜĔîÖćøïøĉĀćøêŠćÜ ÖĆîÖĆïñĎšïøĉĀćøĒúą4) ðøąßćßî×ćéÝĉêÿĞćîċÖĔîÖćø óċęÜêîđĂÜìĆĚÜĔîéšćîđýøþåÖĉÝ ÿĆÜÙö üĆçîíøøöĒúą ÿĉęÜĒüéúšĂöēé÷÷ĆÜøĂÖćøßŠü÷đĀúČĂÝćÖõćÙøĆå đðŨîÿŠüîĔĀâŠìĞćĔĀš×ćéÖćøóĆçîćìĊę÷ĆęÜ÷Čî

2) ĒîüìćÜìĊęđĀöćąÿöĔîÖćøïøĉĀćøĒïï öčŠÜñúÿĆöùìíĉĝ×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúĔîÖúčŠö

÷čìíýćÿêøŤÝĆÜĀüĆéõćÙÖúćÜêĂîïî 1 ðøąÖĂïéšü÷

ĒîüìćÜÖćøïøĉĀćøìĊęÿĞćÙĆâ 4 ĂÜÙŤðøąÖĂïÙČĂ 1) ĔĀšöĊ øąïïÖćøêøüÝÿĂïìĊęđĀöćąÿöÖĆïõćøÖĉÝ×ĂÜĀîŠü÷

Üćîēé÷ÖćøđîšîÙüćöÿĞćÙĆâ 3 ðøąđõìÙČĂÖćøĔßšÜï ðøąöćèĂ÷ŠćÜöĊðøąÿĉìíĉõćóĒúąēðøŠÜĔÿ Öćøđóĉęö×Ċé Ùüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜñĎšðøąđöĉîĒúąÖćøîĞćñúÖćøðøąđöĉî ĕððøĆïðøčÜĀîŠü÷Üćî 2) ĒîüìćÜÖćøóĆçîćýĆÖ÷õćó

×ĂÜïčÙúćÖøĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúēé÷đîšîÙüćö ÿĞćÙĆâ 3 ðøąÖćøÙČĂ ÖćøÿøšćÜõćüąñĎšîĞćìĊęđĀöćąÿö ĔĀšĒÖŠñĎšïøĉĀćø ÖćøÿøšćÜÙčèíøøöĒúąÝøĉ÷íøøöĔĀšĒÖŠ ïčÙúćÖøìčÖøąéĆï ĒúąđÿøĉöÿøšćÜÝĉêÿĞćîċÖđóČęĂ ðøąē÷ßîŤÿŠüîøüöĒÖŠïčÙúćÖøìčÖøąéĆï 3) ÿŠÜđÿøĉöĒúą ÿîĆïÿîčîÖćøïøĉĀćøøćßÖćøÿŠüîìšĂÜëĉęîĔĀšöĊ

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ðøąÿĉìíĉõćóöćÖ×ċĚî Ēúą÷ċéöĆęîĔîĀúĆÖíøøöćõĉïćú öćÖ×ċĚîĒúą 4) ÖćøüćÜĒñî÷čìíýćÿêøŤÖćøóĆçîćìšĂÜ ëĉęîÙüøđîšîÙüćöÿĞćÙĆâ 3 éšćî ÙČĂéšćîÙčèõćóßĊüĉê éšćîēÙøÜÿøšćÜóČĚîåćîĒúąéšćîÖćøýċÖþćýćÿîćĒúą üĆçîíøøöìšĂÜëĉęîđóČęĂĔĀšđÖĉéÖćøóĆçîćìĊę÷ĆęÜ÷Čî

×šĂđÿîĂĒîą

1) ÙüøöĊÖćøýċÖþćüĉÝĆ÷ëċÜÙüćöÙĉéđĀĘî×ĂÜ

×šćøćßÖćøĔîĀîŠü÷ÜćîĒúąðøąßćßîĔîóČĚîìĊęêŠĂĒîü ÖćøðäĉïĆêĉêćöîē÷ïć÷ÖćøðäĉøĎðøąïïøćßÖćø

×ĂÜĀîŠü÷ÜćîüŠćöĊÙüćöđĀöćąÿöđóĊ÷ÜĔé 2) ĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúĔîÖúčŠö

÷čìíýćÿêøŤÝĆÜĀüĆéõćÙÖúćÜêĂîïî 1 ÙüøöĊÿîĆïÿîčî ÿŠÜđÿøĉöĒúąñúĆÖéĆîĔĀšöĊÖćøóĆçîćýĆÖ÷õćó×ĂÜñĎšîĞć ìšĂÜëĉęîĔĀšöĊÿöøøëîąìćÜéšćîÖćøïøĉĀćøĒïïöčŠÜĔĀšđÖĉé ñúÿĆöùìíĉĝĔĀšđðŨîÖćøïøĉĀćøìĊęöčŠÜđîšîÿĆöùìíĉĝñú×ĂÜ ĂÜÙŤÖøđðŨîĀúĆÖ ĔĀšÙüćöÿĞćÙĆâÖĆïÖćøđðøĊ÷ïđìĊ÷ï ñúñúĉêĒúąñúúĆóíŤìĊęđÖĉé×ċĚîÝøĉÜÖĆïđðŜćĀöć÷ìĊęÖĞćĀîé 3) ĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúĔîÖúčŠö

÷čìíýćÿêøŤÝĆÜĀüĆéõćÙÖúćÜêĂîïî 1 ÙüøöĊÿîĆïÿîčî ÿŠÜđÿøĉöĒúąñúĆÖéĆîĔĀšöĊÖćøóĆçîćýĆÖ÷õćó×ĂÜñĎšîĞć ìšĂÜëĉęîĔĀšöĊÿöøøëîąìćÜéšćîÙüćöøĂïøĎšĔîÖćøïøĉĀćø Ă÷ŠćÜÿöĞęćđÿöĂ

ÖĉêêĉÖøøöðøąÖćý

üĉì÷ćîĉóîíŤđúŠöîĊĚÿĞćđøĘÝúÜéšü÷Ùüćö đöêêćîčđÙøćąĀŤ×ĂÜÙèąÖøøöÖćøÙüïÙčöüĉì÷ćîĉóîíŤ ēé÷öĊóúđĂÖéø.đÖþößćêĉîđøýđÿîĊ÷ŤðøąíćîÙüïÙčö üĉì÷ćîĉóîíŤñĎšßŠü÷ýćÿêøćÝćø÷Ťéø.ìøÜýĆÖéĉĝđÖĊ÷øêĉÿč×

ĒúąĂćÝćø÷Ť éø.ïčâđøČĂÜ ýøĊđĀøĆâÖøøöÖćøÙüïÙčö üĉì÷ćîĉóîíŤ ĕéšĔĀšÙüćöđöêêćîčđÙøćąĀŤđðŨîìĊęðøċÖþć ēé÷ĕéšĔßšÖøąïüîÖćøđðŗéðøĆïđðúĊę÷îĔĀšÖĆïñĎšüĉÝĆ÷Ýî üĉì÷ćîĉóîíŤÿĞćđøĘÝúÜĂ÷ŠćÜÿöïĎøèŤ

đĂÖÿćøĂšćÜĂĉÜ

ēÖüĉì÷ŤóüÜÜćö. (2548). ÖćøðÖÙøĂÜìšĂÜëĉęîĕì÷ : ĀúĆÖÖćøĒúąöĉêĉĔĀöŠĔîĂîćÙê. óĉöóŤÙøĆĚÜìĊę 5. ÖøčÜđìóĄ : üĉâťĎßî. êøĊóøßćêĉĒÿîðŗÜ. (2547). ÖćøĔßšõĎöĉðŦââćßćüïšćî ĔîÖćøĒÿüÜĀćøć÷ĕéšßčößîđóĉęöđêĉö : ÖøèĊýċÖþćÖćøñúĉêîĞĚćéČęöïŠĂðčŝ

×ĂÜÖĂÜìčîĀöĎŠïšćîïšćîïŠĂðčŝĂÜÙŤÖćø ïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúéĂîĒÖšü.ÖćøýċÖþć ÙšîÙüšćĒïïĂĉÿøąðøĉââćöĀćïĆèæĉê, öĀćüĉì÷ćúĆ÷đßĊ÷ÜĔĀöŠ.

îüóøĒÿÜĀîčŠö. (2544). ðøąÿĉìíĉñúĔîÖćøéĞćđîĉî ÜćîĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúĔî ÝĆÜĀüĆéđßĊ÷ÜĔĀöŠ.(üĉì÷ćîĉóîíŤðøĉââć öĀćïĆèæĉê, öĀćüĉì÷ćúĆ÷đßĊ÷ÜĔĀöŠ. üøÖćîêŤÿčõćÖćý. (2547). ðŦâĀćĒúąĂčðÿøøÙĔîÖćø

ïøĉĀćøÜćîĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïú Ĕîđ×êĂĞćđõĂĂöÖţĂ÷ÝĆÜĀüĆéđßĊ÷ÜĔĀöŠ. đßĊ÷ÜĔĀöŠ : ÖćøÙšîÙüšćĒïïĂĉÿøąøĆå ðøąýćÿîýćÿêøöĀćïĆèæĉêïĆèæĉê üĉì÷ćúĆ÷ öĀćüĉì÷ćúĆ÷đßĊ÷ÜĔĀöŠ. üĉßćâúĞćÝüî. (2550). ÖćøöĊÿŠüîøŠüö×ĂÜðøąßćßî

êŠĂÖćøïøĉĀćøÜćî×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćø ÜćîÿŠüîêĞćïúÖøèĊýċÖþć : ĂÜÙŤÖćø ïøĉĀćøÜćîÿŠüîêĞćïúïšćîĒĀÜĂĞćđõĂÜćü ÝĆÜĀüĆéúĞćðćÜ. ÜćîîĉóîíŤøĆåðøąýćÿî

ý ć ÿ ê ø ö Ā ć ïĆ è æĉ ê,ÿ ć × ć üĉ ß ć øĆåðøąýćÿîýćÿêøŤ, üĉì÷ćúĆ÷Öćø ðÖÙøĂÜìšĂÜëĉęî, öĀćüĉì÷ćúĆ÷×ĂîĒÖŠî. üĉøĆêîŤýćîêĉĂćõć. (2548). ðŦÝÝĆ÷ìĊęÿŠÜñúêŠĂÙüćö

ÿĞćđøĘÝĔîÖćøïøĉĀćøÜćî×ĂÜđìýïćú đöČĂÜúĞćóĎî.( ÖćøýċÖþćÙšîÙüšćĒïï Ăĉ ÿ ø ą ð øĉ â â ć ö Ā ć ïĆ è æĉ ê, öĀćüĉì÷ćúĆ÷đßĊ÷ÜĔĀöŠ ).

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ÿöýĆÖéĉĝ ÿćöĆÙÙĊíøøö. (2546). ÖćøüĉÝĆ÷ìćÜ ÿĆÜÙöýćÿêøŤ. đßĊ÷ÜĔĀöŠ : ÙèąýĉúðýćÿêøŤ Āćüĉì÷ćúĆ÷đßĊ÷ÜĔĀöŠ.

ÿĆöùìíĉĝÿč×ÿÜÙŤ. (2545). ðøąÿĉìíĉñúÖćøïøĉĀćøÜćî

×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêćïúÖøèĊ ýċÖþćĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüîêĞćïúĔî ÝĆÜĀüĆéÖćāÿĉîíčŤ.(üĉì÷ćîĉóîíŤ öĀćïĆèæĉêöĀćüĉì÷ćúĆ÷øćßõĆã öĀćÿćøÙćö ).

ĂîĆîêŤ đéßē÷íĉî. (2544). ÖćøýċÖþćÿõćóÖćø éĞćđîĉîÜćî×ĂÜĂÜÙŤÖćøïøĉĀćøÿŠüî êĞćïúĂĞćđõĂÖøąîüîÝĆÜĀüĆé×ĂîĒÖŠî. ( üĉì÷ćîĉóîíŤ ðøĉââćöĀćïĆèæĉê.

×ĂîĒÖŠî )

Purnomo, H., Mendoza, G.A. and Prabhu, R. (2004).

Developing a collaborative model f o r c o m m u n i t y m a n a g e d

resources: a qualitative soft systems approach. Tropical Forest Science,16(1),106-131.