View of Effect of Welfare Management Efficiency on Employee’s Loyalty of Hotel in Mueang District of Khon Kaen Province

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Effect of Welfare Management Efficiency on Employee’s Loyalty of Hotel in Mueang District of Khon Kaen Province

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Master Student, Master of Business Administration, Mahasarakham Business School, Mahasarakham University

2 Ÿ¼onª¥«µ­˜¦µ‹µ¦¥r ‡–³„µ¦´¸Â¨³„µ¦‹´—„µ¦ ¤®µª·š¥µ¨´¥¤®µ­µ¦‡µ¤

2 Assistant Professor, Mahasarakham Business School, Mahasarakham University

3 °µ‹µ¦¥r ‡–³„µ¦´¸Â¨³„µ¦‹´—„µ¦ ¤®µª·š¥µ¨´¥¤®µ­µ¦‡µ¤

3 Lecturer, Mahasarakham Business School, Mahasarakham University

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of welfare management efficiency on employee’s loyalty of hotel in Mueang District of Khon Kaen province. A questionnaire was used for collecting data from 287 employees of hotel in Mueang District of Khon Kaen province. The statistics used for data analyzes were mean, standard deviation, multiple correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that welfare management efficiency in the aspects of basic salary,incentives, and benefits had a positive relationship with and effect on overall employee’s loyalty. Therefore, hotel executives should focus on the importance of welfare management efficiency, especially for incentives and to provide valuable benefits.

To provide employees with morale, the work is based on the achievement of the work, this will result in further employee loyalty.

Keywords

: Welfare Management Efficiency, Employee’s Loyalty, Hotel in Mueang District of Khon Kaen Province

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2. Á°„­µ¦Šµœª·‹´¥š¸ÉÁ„¸É¥ª…o°ŠÂ¨³­¤¤»˜·“µœ…°Š„µ¦ª·‹´¥

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æŠÂ¦¤Äœ°ÎµÁ£°Á¤º°Š ‹´Š®ª´—…°œÂ„nœ ‹µ„ª´˜™»ž¦³­Š‡r…oµŠ˜oœ­µ¤µ¦™­¦»ž„¦°Âœª‡·—Äœ„µ¦ª·‹´¥ ŗo—´Šœ¸ Ê

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2.1 ž¦³­·š›·£µ¡„µ¦‹´—„µ¦­ª´­—·„µ¦ (Welfare Management Efficiency)

ž¦³­·š›·£µ¡„µ¦‹´—„µ¦­ª´­—·„µ¦ ®¤µ¥™¹Š ¦¼žÂ„µ¦¦·®µ¦‹´—„µ¦š¸É¡œ´„ŠµœÅ—o¦´ š´ÊŠš¸É°¥¼nĜ¦¼žÂš¸É‹´

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2.1.1 —oµœ„µ¦„ε®œ—ÁŠ·œÁ—º°œ¡º ʜ“µœ Basic Salary) ®¤µ¥™¹Š „µ¦Å—o¦´Ÿ¨˜°Âšœš¸ÉÁžÈœ˜´ªÁŠ·œ

‹µ„°Š‡r„¦ Ĝ¦¼žÂ‡nµ‹oµŠ ¨³ÁŠ·œÁ—º°œ ×¥¡·‹µ¦–µ‹µ„¦µ¥¨³Á°¸¥—…°ŠŠµœ ¨³‡ªµ¤Á¡¸¥Š¡°˜n°„µ¦—ε¦Š¸¡

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ž¦³­·š›·£µ¡„µ¦‹´—„µ¦­ª´­—·„µ¦ (WME) 1. —oµœ„µ¦„ε®œ—ÁŠ·œÁ—º°œ…´Êœ¡º ʜ“µœ BS)

2. —oµœ„µ¦Ä®o­·ÉŠ‹¼ŠÄ‹ IN)

3 —oµœŸ¨ž¦³Ã¥œrÁ„ºÊ°„¼¨ BE)

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1. —oµœ‡ªµ¤¦´„¨³‡ªµ¤«¦´š›µÄœŠµœ JA) 2. —oµœ„µ¦¡´•œµ‡»–£µ¡Â®nŠ˜œ­¼nŠµœš¸Éž’·´˜· JQD) 3. —oµœ„µ¦ž¦´Áž¨¸É¥œª·›¸‡·—¨³ª·›¸„µ¦šÎµŠµœ JPC) 4. —oµœ‹·˜°µ­µ˜n°„µ¦ž’·´˜·Šµœ JV)

2.1.2—oµœ„µ¦Ä®o­·ÉŠ‹¼ŠÄ‹ Incentives) ®¤µ¥™¹Š „µ¦Å—o¦´¦µŠª´¨Â¨³Ÿ¨˜°Âšœ‹µ„°Š‡r„¦

Á¡ºÉ°„n°Ä®oÁ„·—…ª´Â¨³„ε¨´ŠÄ‹ ˜¨°—‹œ„¦³˜»oœÄ®oÁ„·—‡ªµ¤˜´ÊŠÄ‹Äœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœ¤µ„…¹Êœ ®¦º°šÎµÄ®o¡œ´„Šµœ¦¼o­¹„Ÿ¼„¡´œ

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Ĝ¦¼žÂ…°Š„µ¦¦·„µ¦ ®¦º°Ÿ¨ž¦³Ã¥œr°ºÉœÇ Ž¹ÉŠ¤¸¨´„¬–³ÁžÈœ„µ¦ž¦³„´œ­ª´­—·„µ¦…°Š¡œ´„Šµœ ¨³„µ¦¡´•œµ

‡»–£µ¡¸ª·˜…°Š¡œ´„Šµœ ×¥¤¸­nªœÁ­¦·¤Á¡·É¤Á˜·¤˜nµŠÇÁ…oµ¤µ 2.2 ‡ªµ¤‹Š¦´„£´„—¸…°Š¡œ´„Šµœ (Employee Loyalty)

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Ĝ¡§˜·„¦¦¤„µ¦šÎµŠµœ š¸É¤¸‡ªµ¤Ÿ¼„¡´œ˜n°°Š‡r„¦ ž¦³„°—oª¥ ¡·¤¡r®š´¥ Îµ¦»Š„·‹, 2555: 7)

2.2.1 —oµœ‡ªµ¤¦´„¨³‡ªµ¤«¦´š›µÄœŠµœ Job Admiration) ®¤µ¥™¹Š „µ¦¤¸‡ªµ¤ÁºÉ°¤´ÉœÂ¨³«¦´š›µ Ĝ„µ¦šÎµŠµœ Á®Èœ‡»–‡nµÄœŠµœš¸É˜œÁ°ŠšÎµ ¤¸‹·˜­Îµœ¹„ÄœŠµœÂ¨³¦´„Šµœš¸ÉšÎµ¤¸„µ¦„¦³˜º°¦º°¦oœÄœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœÄ®o¦¦¨»

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2.2.2 —oµœ„µ¦¡´•œµ‡»–£µ¡Â®nŠ˜œ­¼nŠµœš¸Éž’·´˜· Job Quality Development) ®¤µ¥™¹Š

„µ¦¤¸‡ªµ¤¤»nŠ¤´ÉœÄœ„µ¦Â­ªŠ®µ‡ªµ¤¦¼oÄ®¤nÇ Ä®oš´œ˜n°„µ¦Áž¨¸É¥œÂž¨ŠÂ¨³œÎµ¤µÄož¦³Ã¥œrĜ„µ¦šÎµŠµœ°¥¼nÁ­¤°

¨³­¦oµŠ«´„¥£µ¡Ä®oŠµœ­ÎµÁ¦È‹Å—o 2.2.3 —oµœ„µ¦ž¦´Áž¨¸É¥œª·›¸‡·—¨³ª·›¸„µ¦šÎµŠµœ Job Procedure Change) ®¤µ¥™¹Š

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2.2.4 —oµœ‹·˜°µ­µ˜n°„µ¦ž’·´˜·Šµœ Job Volunteer) ®¤µ¥™¹Š ‡ªµ¤¦¼o­¹„ÁžÈœ­nªœ®œ¹ÉŠ…°Š°Š‡r„¦

„µ¦Å¤nœ·ÉŠ—¼—µ¥˜n°°Š‡r„¦ ®¦º°Á°µÁž¦¸¥Ÿ¼o°ºÉœ „µ¦Á…oµÅžnª¥Á®¨º°Ÿ¼o°ºÉœÃ—¥„µ¦­¨³Áª¨µÂ¨³¨ŠÂ¦Š—oª¥‡ªµ¤­¤´‡¦Ä‹

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(Questionnaire) ×¥Á¦·É¤­nŠÂ­°™µ¤ ˜´ÊŠÂ˜nª´œš¸É 30 ˜»¨µ‡¤ 2561 ‹Îµœªœ 400 Œ´ Ž¹ÉŠ„ε®œ—¦³¥³Áª¨µ

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ž¦³„°—oª¥ 4 ‡Îµ™µ¤ ×¥‡¦°‡¨»¤Áœº Ê°®µ „µ¦¤¸‡ªµ¤¤»nŠ¤´ÉœÄœ„µ¦Â­ªŠ®µ‡ªµ¤¦¼oÄ®¤nÇ Á¡ºÉ°œÎµ¤µÄož¦³Ã¥œr Ĝ„µ¦šÎµŠµœ°¥¼nÁ­¤°Â¨³­¦oµŠ«´„¥£µ¡Ä®oŠµœ­ÎµÁ¦È‹ 3) —oµœ„µ¦ž¦´Áž¨¸É¥œª·›¸‡·—¨³ª·›¸„µ¦šÎµŠµœ ž¦³„°—oª¥ 5

‡Îµ™µ¤ ×¥‡¦°‡¨»¤Áœº Ê°®µ „µ¦¡´•œµ„µ¦‡·—°¥nµŠÁžÈœ¦³Â¨³„µ¦ž¦´Áž¨¸É¥œª·›¸„µ¦šÎµŠµœ Á¡ºÉ°Ä®o„µ¦šÎµŠµœ

ž¦³­Ÿ¨­ÎµÁ¦È‹ 4) —oµœ‹·˜°µ­µ˜n°„µ¦ž’·´˜·Šµœ ž¦³„°—oª¥ 5 ‡Îµ™µ¤ ×¥‡¦°‡¨»¤Áœº Ê°®µ „µ¦Á…oµÅžnª¥Á®¨º°

Ÿ¼o°ºÉœ—oª¥‡ªµ¤­¤´‡¦Ä‹ ¨³„µ¦¤¸‡ªµ¤¦¼o­¹„ÁžÈœ­nªœ®œ¹ÉŠ…°Š°Š‡r„¦ Á¡ºÉ°„µ¦¡´•œµ‹·˜ª·µ–Ä®o­¼Š…¹Êœ

3.3 ‡»–£µ¡…°ŠÁ‡¦ºÉ°Š¤º°ª´—

Ÿ¼oª·‹´¥Å—ošÎµ„µ¦š—­°‡ªµ¤Áš¸É¥Š˜¦Š ×¥Ÿnµœ„µ¦¡·‹µ¦–µÁœº Ê°®µ…°Š…o°‡Îµ™µ¤‹µ„Ÿ¼oÁ¸É¥ªµÂ¨³®µ‡nµ

°Îµœµ‹‹ÎµÂœ„ÁžÈœ¦µ¥…o° (Discriminant Power) ץčoÁš‡œ·‡ Item-total Correlation Ž¹ÉŠž¦³­·š›·£µ¡„µ¦‹´—„µ¦

­ª´­—·„µ¦ ŗo‡nµ°Îµœµ‹‹ÎµÂœ„ (r) °¥¼n¦³®ªnµŠ 0.516 – 0.767 ¨³‡ªµ¤‹Š¦´„£´„—¸…°Š¡œ´„Šµœ ŗo‡nµ°Îµœµ‹‹ÎµÂœ„ (r)

°¥¼n¦³®ªnµŠ 0.673 – 0.830 Ž¹ÉŠ­°—‡¨o°Š„´ Rovinelli ¨³ Hambleton (1977 : 49-60) ­—Š‡ªµ¤Á®Èœªnµ ‡nµ°Îµœµ‹

‹ÎµÂœ„¤¸‡nµ¤µ„„ªnµ®¦º°Ášnµ„´ 0.5 ™º°ªnµ¦µ¥…o°…°ŠÂ­°™µ¤¤¸‡ªµ¤­°—‡¨o°Š„´œ¦³®ªnµŠ¦µ¥…o°…°ŠÂ­°™µ¤

„´ª´˜™»ž¦³­Š‡rš¸É˜o°Š„µ¦ª´— ¨³š—­°®µ‡nµ‡ªµ¤ÁºÉ°¤´Éœ…°ŠÂ­°™µ¤ (Reliability Test) ץčo‡nµ­´¤ž¦³­·š›·Í

°¨¢µ (Alpha Coefficient) ˜µ¤ª·›¸…°Š‡¦°œµ‡ (Cronbach) Ž¹ÉŠž¦³­·š›·£µ¡„µ¦‹´—„µ¦­ª´­—·„µ¦ ¤¸‡nµ­´¤ž¦³­·š›·Í °¨¢µ°¥¼n¦³®ªnµŠ 0.807 – 0.859 ¨³‡ªµ¤‹Š¦´„£´„—¸…°Š¡œ´„Šµœ ¤¸‡nµ­´¤ž¦³­·š›·Í°¨¢µ°¥¼n¦³®ªnµŠ 0.886 – 0.904

Ž¹ÉŠ­°—‡¨o°Š„´ Nunnally ¨³ Bernstein (1994) ­—Š‡ªµ¤Á®Èœªnµ‡nµ Alpha ¤µ„„ªnµ 0.7 ÁžÈœ‡nµš¸É¥°¤¦´Å—o

™º°ªnµÁžÈœÁ‡¦ºÉ°Š¤º°Äœ„µ¦ª·‹´¥¤¸ž¦³­·š›·£µ¡

3.4 ­™·˜·š¸ÉčoĜ„µ¦ª·‹´¥

­Îµ®¦´„µ¦ª·‹´¥‡¦´ÊŠœ¸ Ê Ÿ¼oª·‹´¥Å—očo„µ¦ª·Á‡¦µ³®r­®­´¤¡´œ›r¡®»‡¼– (Multiple Correlation Analysis) ¨³„µ¦ª·Á‡¦µ³®r‡ªµ¤™—™°¥Â¡®»‡¼– (Multiple RegressionAnalysis) š—­°‡ªµ¤­´¤¡´œ›r¨³Ÿ¨„¦³š…°Š

ž¦³­·š›·£µ¡„µ¦‹´—„µ¦­ª´­—·„µ¦„´‡ªµ¤‹Š¦´„£´„—¸…°Š¡œ´„ŠµœÃ¦ŠÂ¦¤Äœ°ÎµÁ£°Á¤º°Š ‹´Š®ª´—…°œÂ„nœ Ž¹ÉŠÁ…¸¥œ

­¤„µ¦¡¥µ„¦–rŗo —´Šœ¸ Ê

­¤„µ¦ EL = ȕ₀ + ȕ₁BS + ȕ₂IN + ȕ₃BE + İ

Á¤ºÉ° EL šœ ‡ªµ¤‹Š¦´„£´„—¸…°Š¡œ´„ŠµœÃ—¥¦ª¤

BS šœ ž¦³­·š›·£µ¡„µ¦‹´—„µ¦­ª´­—·„µ¦ —oµœ„µ¦„ε®œ—ÁŠ·œÁ—º°œ…´Êœ¡º ʜ“µœ

IN šœ ž¦³­·š›·£µ¡„µ¦‹´—„µ¦­ª´­—·„µ¦ —oµœ„µ¦Ä®o­·ÉŠ‹¼ŠÄ‹

BE šœ ž¦³­·š›·£µ¡„µ¦‹´—„µ¦­ª´­—·„µ¦ —oµœŸ¨ž¦³Ã¥œrÁ„ºÊ°„¼¨

4. Ÿ¨¨´¡›r„µ¦ª·‹´¥Â¨³„µ¦°£·ž¦µ¥Ÿ¨

˜µ¦µŠ 1 „µ¦ª·Á‡¦µ³®r­®­´¤¡´œ›r…°Šž¦³­·š›·£µ¡„µ¦‹´—„µ¦­ª´­—·„µ¦„´‡ªµ¤‹Š¦´„£´„—¸…°Š¡œ´„ŠµœÃ—¥¦ª¤

…°Š¡œ´„ŠµœÃ¦ŠÂ¦¤Äœ°ÎµÁ£°Á¤º°Š ‹´Š®ª´—…°œÂ„nœ

˜´ªÂž¦ EL BS IN BE VIFs

X 4.19 4.11 4.15 4.20

S.D. 0.48 0.42 0.51 0.53

EL 0.542* 0.731* 0.701*

BS 0.571* 0.512* 1.522

IN 0.745* 2.525

BE 2.305

* ¤¸œ´¥­Îµ‡´šµŠ­™·˜·š¸É¦³—´ 0.05

‹µ„˜µ¦µŠ 1 ¡ªnµ ˜´ªÂž¦°·­¦³Â˜n¨³—oµœ¤¸‡ªµ¤­´¤¡´œ›r„´œ Ž¹ÉŠ°µ‹šÎµÄ®oÁ„·—ž´®µ Multicollinearity

—´Šœ´Êœ Ÿ¼oª·‹´¥‹¹ŠÅ—ošÎµ„µ¦š—­° Multicollinearity ץčo‡nµ VIFs ž¦µ„’ªnµ ‡nµ VIFs …°Š˜´ªÂž¦°·­¦³ž¦³­·š›·£µ¡

„µ¦‹´—„µ¦­ª´­—·„µ¦ ¤¸‡nµ˜´ÊŠÂ˜n 1.522 – 2.525 Ž¹ÉŠ¤¸‡nµœo°¥„ªnµ 10 ­—Šªnµ ˜´ªÂž¦°·­¦³¤¸‡ªµ¤­´¤¡´œ›r„´œ

˜nŤn„n°Ä®oÁ„·—ž´®µ Multicollinearity (Black, 2006: 585)

˜µ¦µŠ 2 „µ¦š—­°Ÿ¨„¦³š…°Šž¦³­·š›·£µ¡„µ¦‹´—„µ¦­ª´­—·„µ¦š¸É¤¸˜n°‡ªµ¤‹Š¦´„£´„—¸…°Š¡œ´„ŠµœÃ—¥¦ª¤

…°Š¡œ´„ŠµœÃ¦ŠÂ¦¤Äœ°ÎµÁ£°Á¤º°Š ‹´Š®ª´—…°œÂ„nœ

ž¦³­·š›·£µ¡„µ¦‹´—„µ¦­ª´­—·„µ¦

‡ªµ¤‹Š¦´„£´„—¸…°Š¡œ´„ŠµœÃ—¥¦ª¤ (EL)

t p-value

­´¤ž¦³­·š›·Í

„µ¦™—™°¥

‡ªµ¤‡¨µ—Á‡¨ºÉ°œ

¤µ˜¦“µœ

‡nµ‡Šš¸É (a)

—oµœ„µ¦„ε®œ—ÁŠ·œÁ—º°œ…´Êœ¡º ʜ“µœ

(BS)

—oµœ„µ¦Ä®o­·ÉŠ‹¼ŠÄ‹ (IN)

—oµœŸ¨ž¦³Ã¥œrÁ„ºÊ°„¼¨ (BE)

0.684 0.166

0.384 0.294

0.189 0.053

0.056 0.052

3.609 3.107 6.869 5.869

0.000*

0.002*

0.000*

0.000*

F = 143.514, p = 0.000, Adj R² = 0.599

* ¤¸œ´¥­Îµ‡´šµŠ­™·˜·š¸É¦³—´ 0.05

‹µ„˜µ¦µŠ 2 ¡ªnµ ž¦³­·š›·£µ¡„µ¦‹´—„µ¦­ª´­—·„µ¦ —oµœ„µ¦„ε®œ—ÁŠ·œÁ—º°œ…´Êœ¡º ʜ“µœ (BS)

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