(1)a z" z}c ;8 = A1 &' i& .0

(1)

a" ;8 9~

z"

 z}c

;8 = A1

&' i& .0 . S% . i57

∗)

∗∗

(∗

!3 ^T

2345"

: x¢ X=p 8¤R 8]] x¢S ;< mEc )5 5([ )5 56 G 5 C<D5 `°W)V >(? 0!

ÎVn 6) 49 5.¢S x=. }K)6 ku X=p ) h6 06 )r²R V °E(c LN .¢S x=. )NKR XY

;5< 9¥5c

<R W)0RS _LE X = C<D .¢S Xc W)0 $Y

K5 i5VK i5 5.¢S x=5. h2 OA ;5< 5 5V

E J ¾ r²c Ç .¢S x=. h2 , C<D `F! E `Fn

5VE QR5VE m²6 S2 .¢S x=. $R !6R 8E( 4

9 9:3;

748"

: s! ,) ,()4] ,.¢S ,

________________________________________________________________________

Contemporary Moroccan Intellectual Trends and their Perusals of Sahih al Bukhari; its Ideological and Intellectual Impact

Dr. Hassan bin Ibrahim bin Abdul Rahman Al-Radiaan*

University of Hail

Abstract: The research deals with the philosophical and historical trends as well as the contemporary intellectual doctrines (trends) and their perusal of the book Sahih Al-Bukhari in the countries of the Maghreb region; specifically, the far west (The Kingdom of Morocco). The research deals with this topic due to the prevalence of these trends in these regions and the availability of the preserved compilations of these doctrines, that may influence the rest of the countries of the Maghreb region as well as the Eastern countries, with the prominent figures of these trends

The research follows inductive content analysis method and contains samples of the perusals of Sahih Al-Bukhari by these trends The research concluded that these trends contradict the stance of the majority of the people who revere the book of Sahih Al-Bukhari.

These trends have a limited impact on the majority of the people. Nevertheless, it is necessary to closely pursue and scientifically discuss the consequences of these trends

key words: Bukhari, trends, intellectual, Morocco contemporary.

________________________________________________________________________

∗

*

^T !3 ,6@ p , N0> `V ,Á YR2 (*) Associate Professor, Department of Islamic Culture, College of

Education, University of Hail

(

v@4 : [email protected]

(2)

<="

9?

D5 ,g5! J5 +5

mK

!6 2 ,g!w2 Q<P Q J :

Ä)5! )5 56 G 5 C<D hN 59V ,KD~ Q3 J ÎVn ) G ,oK9 P h2 =E ,E `! .2 K] G 9F

=55. 55EK( OA )55Ç z556) h)550 G )55 OA

() 3 IQ5j IQ5IF] IT )5 G C<D

¹K? z Q(c l~

:3 Q t)5

5! K] C<D =. Ö6 RT ,NT WÙ 55.2 55 G =55¢ h2 OA ,55F 55o 55P~

G W)5V zK ,WE kP G oE9r DN ,)

!RS E n 5 ¥5N ,)5<

) G + 46 ()4] ?

G )5! 56 G ()4] p)? KL¨ z 5p .=5 50! 5p Ð h)0 Ä)! ) hp ;LN ]] .¢S !

²5EN ,5.¢S 5p)? x=5Å )r²5R 5p) T2 K9 W K (= ()r²R W! 2 ()4]

`°55T)b2 G K55ERN ,55L3KR 55p)? x=55.

5(KE 1E5 U5p ,§@ 3 −

L52 J5

C<P −

`L!( ,`.FEc `L^ ¾

59[ 5()4N 5.¢ W x=5. U<P²N ,()4]

T ,§@ o(3 o)F 5 ,5E0 !l0 ;

5 P0 9! mKPn $)~ ;T )5

x5¢ On h)50 =5E + W L 8R D g9 §)c )5

!(

x5¢ 5()4] 5T)bn x=5. U<P2 V G 5()4] p) IW]RT I+R. ¾ C<P

)5

! k 5 ;5<6 5p) Ä) )5

K5EV

m0R =p ,^¥N )5e

G 5Ç Ä)5! ´0

R4 '!

W)50 ©g5j 3K5 ;5< =5. W3 V )5 G 5.¢S x=5Ç ()FE mKPn ()4]

C<5P m (KE 1E D °)F ,Ä)!

+ 5Rp 5!6 R4 CP2 K. =

,

O!c

* &7 :

()4] .¢S G ;< =. T jU!3 Î5Vn )5 .2

56) 549 5°W)V

5 5 LN z9R3 ;T , C<D °)F G o<5 5o()4N o)5r2 U5p)c 8R ()4] .¢S 6 z ,)

°)F G .¢S x=Ç )4] )rn h

C<D °W)V

* 3;M<

:

mK5 50! K5. 5()4] 5.¢S ER

(3)

55VE G 55LR60 ,X55Y K55< /K55Ç )554]

56 hK54c xT Q9 `! 6K¥6 3<

J55 55()4] 55.¢S )55F hn ;655 S 55T (KE E LNR −

5 C<P L2 J

− ÁE. h4 SA ,)l Z T J U

L¥50 _5? Q5 ')5 )9r

h5p K5N

5 Q5Kp ,E G !l K. T ;(T x5r ±{5( o)5l 5? x=5. J5 ) h4 ,8E0(

.¢S x=. 4 ,`L!

OA L5 x=5. 5 $)

OA m50RS `5r ,0! ;(? ]y 8. ,/)2 Le _5? 5 X5Y OA v! h2 ,(²R T 5Ó(©T +K5 59 6K¥56 ¥5Ec S 85R Q

55 ;55(T2 G gE55l ÆV55E( 55 OA )¨55E S VER )4N z hKK¤ `.

S ,5 J U>(

Le p G `4<R K. /KÇ hn ;3 J KR(

h56 G 85. ;5< =. LM!( 8R 4

55LE ,55()FE 55°0lE ,55()4] 55.¢S C<D5 ! °)F G ¥()! LbKl ,)4]

,(KE E °W)V °)FE o3YK9 Ep

.K< ]] E 2 ¤R

*

: .

R<

: m>a" z>" ;8 9~

bcX ' WX "

: G >(? 0! x¢

C<P W)V

\> "

C<5P W)V G 8]] x¢S :

>> >>"

: 55¢S W)55V G v55¤R x

C<P

]> "

: x=5Ç )54] 50! )5rn

) 6 J .¢S

h+

'

* * *

R<

bcX ma" z" ;8 9~

Ä)! ) 6 G 9! ¬K? WK hp ,|K5R6 h05N ,o53 o0R )56 g()50

G 54 )rn Ç hp gR9 gc¬T p2 ÎVn ,|5n ) W<2 8V6 G W! `! R 55P ,)5 W55<2 8V56 OA `55! Z5l LE5 LA RS )5e

QA `! .2 Z6R( oN

54 ,)5 G +K!56 5(E! !c V p (E ZlE +4 `!6 6 g0R (E U 5V Q52 Qc G ¢ SA 3K( 4( S RT ,(KV

55n `55n G g559fI! (=55Å R55e

)55>p

)5

5 g9! (=. G KFE ¹K? t

(4)

5E.= 5p@ G o5p o)5r2 Á)c V =. ,XY J 69

5 +K5!6 `LR(5E `ÇR5e ¥N

6)!

5()4] 5.¢S G 5c)r2 gRD5e p2

® s! 6)

: ,h5 56 ,5]? e 6

G o¬55T ,R553S `55 ,]55] +K55 U554N Ä) )4] (K4c

G :)5r2 !R hp )²R h)0 G WK5

¥5 5.¢S U5p WK5 ,5()4] .¢S 54Nn ,`5! 5.2 g56 50 )54]p !R ²5 8R 4Nn 2 ,(KÇ J FN< >T .K< )]p 6) N0>6 )r²R

z9R3 s! Ä) )4] Óh2 C¥R( Z · Q

6 G x z9R )5

5K 52 5 k

5Ò(KV 5°.¢ s5! ()4] .= WK !¢

)rn Ö6

x=55Ç ¥55()! ªK55l~ 55N)! 552 YA 5 zR h)0 G )L¨ 8R ()4] .¢S )5

,

Rp «N ,()4] ? G )Ór2 :

− 1

~

v=Q" v8538 _

5 95( =.

p ,A 0lE 2 A ]N QcT)b2 Up T)b2 G ).F K.

|2 = ) Qb

2 ¥5.E A ]N 2 8A ZlE Qc]{ G 85R ,(5e) ]5] 2 5e 56 ]] )(

Å ()r²R LN 0R

8]5] x5¢S =5. G 5( p o¥5(2 −

−

Ä)55! )55 G Q55>9j( ,8r55? 8]55] x55¢S h2 5R ;5T ,Q5cT)b2 G )65M 56 9¾ Ä)5! 50! 5!c 85R ]] 8. e 6 ]N =5E 4]R G Ql!c 6 .0N 8R QRrT QR(K.

+0R }

h2 z ]5] x=5Ç Q5c0lc G )65M

SA U ]]N , ! ¡.2 z ZNKR(

! 89! z3)

55? G 554 x)55r2 x55¢S =55Ç h55p 55V G ]5] U5 50N ,)5 G FE 9!R ,5( E!5 ER5 =5E `5!R _.E lc gR5 5 h5p ,( ) c K

.)(KlR6

g59RL 5 x5 )65M 56 59¾

]]6

m ² 8R m3n G )r2 =Ç hp V

) G E g9~

− 2

v±4 _~

±4 w

x5¢S =5.

Ä)! ) G Q>9j(

,Q5cT)b2 G )5!

5p ,! kn Z K. ,hKp2 9¾ X=p EKV G :

! k2 Z r? ]] ÓhA

4

Q Q S E ¤c J +K0( x¢S =.

¤R /)n V

(5)

− 3

$= E" _

5Å KD0

5 8. ,vNn ( mw x 9¾ /KR< h2 SA E( D .).¨ )4N x¢ Y KDE ]c G Ø\0 ,¾ Ø\0 )5

5(²R

5 +K!6 (E! z ,P0 )5

,).5¨ 5(E

55 W55! 55!6 55 x=55Å )r²55c 55V )5

G g

±²R p 6 W! `L Ó (= `LE ,)

QA e

5Ç Up ()4] .¢S x=.

− m5c S −

`.2 xR6 ,Q>(T2 C<D W)V W

`()4 h)0 !6 §@ G D

5.¢S x=5.

55°] J55 W55E6 55°W)V i55R

L552 55N)!

P²R

K5 G +K5 5V6 W)0 x=. mc S

Ä) 80R / K9 W)0

Óh2 OA Q5ER 5e o53 `L _>~

>M D5Vn ) G v 5

G 5Pn 5Pn K5.

/5 Ä)5! )5 G +K5 OA ^5 K. ,Ð K5. 5T 5p J5 85E K. ,P~ !

5Rp 5!6 R4 CP2 C<P R

−

O!c − hKn 6 Q hp = `F!R Q

) 1

(

1 J5 `5 C<D5 56 5!6 ¥5]c ² U

¥5]RN ,5E. )r{ ;+T 6 0j p C<P

5 ) W Q Q6 8E2 ,x¢S =.

D5 =E + W Q (KE E `F!c 55 ;mn +554 `55!6 gR55 W55 K55p WK

,;(5?6 gR5 g]5 W! 2 ,)enp C<5P 54 59V J5 hK5]R¤ S `5Lp WS{LN + G 9F! QR(D ,

* * *

WX "

: z}c $= E" _

)5j( g95 6 G >(? 0!

50!6 E5 5L3K = (= W! Xa2 Å `ÇK50 i ,Q6 =2 `ÇK0 ZN N ,<

xK2 xK¥N

` kbA J hK>T ClP V

m5w Q Z]c = _LE J >(? 0!

v55Nn (55

.1315

x55 559¾

.1323

;> h)0 (« G Q6 È3 )5

z5l )Ç

z6) h)0 )5

D5 G g9 6 OA )Ç 5

)

o([

( 8.= gT 9¾ ¯ mK0

.1397

G

<D56 Z5!R )n | ,zK c@ )2 OA z3 0R 2 ,Q

] `(0R6 mK¥]

x=. OA )F

) (c G ²

,1

−92

101

; CRN ,

,1

42

(6)

x=.

fU5Ó²RN ,!5 5()T L0! Ul2 :

Z^0? !6 R Ó)5

,`()54 h)50 5Å W53 8

|5 ,5>9R 2 }5 OA 500? Å U7 ,)R5S !R5S ) SA X= K( ÁE.

5 0 E6 !R )5

S )R5 ,s50

V IL3 · SA hK4(

p ,4· ©4 LRTP

Ó0! ()? x=. 6 «2 G R! 3 !K

Ó ,.^0 L9!c !6 h)50 Ê5]2 !6 U

m5 5} G )5! E oKL! 4( v! 55c i!¥556 55c ;(55? G fU55E!b ,h)550

<<P ;(T2 «2 z ,zK6

) 2

(

5e 59¾ 5 x=5. m53 hp V 55

.1354

855) ]lD55 559¾ ¯55

.1364

D5Vn ) ËKe !6 x=Å )r²c 5

54 ,`L^52 OA I5R.2 hA ,3 G g )55 G `.K553 J55 )55 55]{ U55 ÎVn 6 ËK WS{. Q6 )r²c · x=5. jW)5V :

55>(? 550! 55 C<55P ;55(T2 !55

59¾ 5Ç2 85R ;(Tn (²c G K!VKN ,

2 h)5] ]R

,2

549

50! 5 _LE5 )F ,

]R G >(?

,1

67

5! Óh2 X5Y ,`.5 85) v5Nn x K5? 5? 56 59¾ Ä)

.1376

5Rp

hK55E!6 55V .>> ¥f>>U& >> .>> fU>>

#$E

x5¢ 5r2 L5e KM LN mEc

T2 ! xP2 2 )rA J L]2 ,g<<D G ;(

556 ËK55 5T2 −

550! 556 ()r²5R

>(?

,56=4 5 Ó«²6 g<<D5 G ;5(T2 J −

G l5 |5 5 | G ÇV :+4T2 LE E h¥ )Le .1362

K? mV ;T , :

|5

z9 gT U4 h2 E SK | G

) 3

−(

x5(2

− m50( ` 8<<P G ;(? h2 :

Q5N

5 WK.n .2 ,xK! T h2 ,=4 ,gE{5 52 Q56 oLN5 o)5L3 =5. mK0( ,xK!EP 55n +K559 ,C<D55 m553 G 55!l( =554(

+ `Å 80R7(

) 4

(

? ¯ QV · QR5 G K5

: W5 YA

59^2 ` m3 6<D6 g9 ¨

0 (

)5

5R4 K6=5p `.K59° ,)5Ll

8R ? 8. ;ÇKV J w zV 8R <<D `5L 2 'n +K59 G g9 (2 E((2 g6

3

) hl |~ 9¾ hl 8E!(

'

4 N g<<D N +

122

(7)

OA ER( P ,LN X4R 5( Q5A 5P

EE( !l s ,`LRp G hK!l /DE KL ,`.5P W]5e /K5 5^N X= | ,6 E hKK0( P :

K5 /KÇ G `p(A <

h5p ,

)>p2 S V2 S ( +. 9! =.

) 5

(

=5. )r²c QR G K? ¯ h62 V x)4N x 9¾ ¯6 l

) 6

_LE C¥R( QE ,(

K5. ,g<<D5 x¢ x)4N ¯ =. Q E6 =

>(? 0! _LE

K5? ¯5 m5V :

8>(T J i²R iN²R T x)L¨2 !

G E445c h()( A ,CP )96 | ;` )<

E EE( 2 +. ,E

;(5T 85E )<5

x=. LR²c 8R ;(Tn

) 7

(

)5pY Q5 h5p x 9¾ ¯ h2 J m( · gR5 52 Q52 ,)5 G UP

"

OA ®5TA

+K5! W5TA 5!w K5LF6 LN x j¤ ) hl 159j( h2 Q²( ,).06 6)!

}K5E46 5!9M x=5.

5 + N g<<D N

116

6 )54] Q5LE x 9¾ J Er2 K? ¯ h2 z 855 Q550] ¯(55c G 855 )554] Q556Rp G 55oK9 ,4

200

7 5(KE E5 5 50! iVK )F

,2

5 206

.!6

)5 ÐV OA > ) ,6) bKl G 8R bKly QE l(

g()50

) 8

(

9¾ ¯ z ) G 9! D OA eA x=.

x 56 59¾ ¯5 i2 E T) |] G

K5! |5(A 56 2 −

Y 5 K5.

hl5 5(

A

− .1367

G El L G o

55K ©X55P ;(55T G K55 K55 X557

g<<D

) 9

50! 5 LRr2 L x=. ,(

Ó (= ) ËKe !6 mK0 K] G >(?

K! `L

x=5. mK5T L5 Óh2 K5! ¯ /)(

n x=5Å ()r²5R 56 ËK5e 5!6 5E ;(T

5!6 `5[ 5«2 ,9^V mc S 0!

− G

QE}

− mV RT :

/)5n 5!6 )5 8ELN5e 50

8

§@5 WTA OA K G x x 9¾ + YRn ,

5pKn zVK G KE m0 ,8E ¿(

hR5)

59¾ +5 YR5n 5 Q6Rp G e 9¾ ®u x

9 K K X mA ;(T x56 Q6¬

Ý 5Rp

6 ,Wn ;(T2 `5V K N

Þ3407

)5>p2 5 K5.

K59¾ `LE ,>(? 0! LR²c 8R ;(Tn E5 5 0! iVK )F , 9¾ ,(K62 (KE ,2

.!6 231

(8)

56 56) (5 x=. W WÈ hn j!6 +5 XY 3n QÓ2 ,QE ;(? m4eA 4d vN2 QR<P +!6 F h(n6 XY p2 6 ,

=. h4N ,

.5 85R QR5 K5! ¯5 i²c K.

:

"

>7 &> z&>< S5> &>d ¡/ VT

®EV< SP3;" WVE G

# P;" G(33

"

) 10

(

x=5. x5¢6 o)r²5R h5p )5 G x5¢S =.

D G )L¨ 8R 0!

5 i5P 549( ,)

S `«²56, C<D5 W)0 x=Å ()r²R WS{.

,oS5wA C<P G hKE!l(

hK51KR(

)55e QT

I°Le K]0c 8R ;(Tn G SA ,Q6 mSRS 5P²RN ,0! i «n ;Å KE!b .)N ,WS{.

<D ;(T2 !6 `L!( Q2 `.E L(²c ,C

Å 9! + ,0!6

* * *

\ "

: z}c v8538 _~

Ä)5! )5 G ]] T)bn UV m55wA g556 55 55 C<55P x55¢ W W)55V

10 5 G 065 K5? z ) x=. U!jb V

¯ L!b ,T } 6 9¾ Z0<

− Q

− G

E +T 6 .1424

, +2003

'

;5T 5 i5R 5T)bn x=5. 54 ,D]c R55 ¡R55 J55 W55E6 55LRR 55LL3Kc ,L

]]

<P2 $Y g3YK9 )p=6 E. 8]Rp²

C<D `°W)V ,) G 8]] x¢S :

−1

 £ V4s _

:

§@56 g9RL T2 )6M 6 9¾ KRp ]5] J5 56)! 5r? WE6 /)( · ,e 6

(e) zN5( ,)65M 5.)0( 8R (¥0

LE : 8E(5 E5N ,e 6 E T 00? h2 x=5Ç Á 54 ;0N T Q3 T QR00T x=5Ç W5! Á5N ,35 Q5N 5]Rc 00?

KL9M ÁA iR¤ 00?

=5. Z5lc 49(

D ! Qc)F G +4 Q5 `54? C<

mK0( ;T B> _I>J 1 > k> iVs <1 :

V45>> K>>1 _>>U >> }:>>3 $Q>> [5>>7

>M ,K5>8 > ]<>C D> v4 ¸ >D3s

>d 5 2¹ ¸ iV" ^

, U

>B=/ ¨>=U 5 7 .< V

>3

>M v>4 ¸

D

v=3T ''

) 11

(

Óh2 /)5( KLN

11 ,QD5 J5 iV2 ,iVK QRp G +4 =. u

m0 QR0 4 :

;(5? KD56 )6M iVK 0

(9)

,50N 5 E6 oE :C<P C<P x E <P Zl h2 CD( S =. J 5E ;(5? <5P h2 /)( Q2 p ,W! gr<

z5 G K5. 5 59!N ,xE5 G K.

s! 0 Qb@e xEA QR<5P E95 K5N ,

R5 S hK4c Q ,R G o]! hK4( 0N oE 55 z¥55 S 55S 55 )5

55 E55 ª

LR<P

W)V 8. x=.

5 C<D5 )6M

xE P2 J E W)V 8. ,R E ;T 5E K5E ;(5? h2 85. ,o0l (KE E G oD | ,h)0 o ©¿]j SA hK4( S )6M

R D )5

mK50( ;T z(

: v> >7 −

K>3

#$5 −

< T K48 :%

,i¯>=

i>T ^>

4

>M

% 1 C ] =5 Pn =Ç mR V

QK06 jQ ÓP2 −

5 O!c : 2} gR )p= XA E

E

5j ©

h)54]R( `5L! `L5A m ;(5? 5]¨KN ,{

oE©j hK4( h2 K. (â )6M +KL] WK J KE h)0 K. = m ÓE9

5E! |5] G )5 z5K G )6M mK0(

55 C<55P W)550 8¤55R 550E oR55 :

 s [4s

Ä) |(. zVK G KE ,4 q]? KE

3 5 v :% ,S35<

>M D> v>4 ¸

>> WV>>= >>1 '

^>> >> >>

K>1 ® V :% ,z) K58 B

>> V45>>

>M >> ]<>>C D/!>>d v>>4 ¸

:>s 5> = W4 = ,S35< s 5> >= <1 ,KV< W4 c S>D3U > 1

= <1 ,4 u #V=T [E1 Vc GH iV"

−

>c1 K #:4~ i1 V

− >4 u> #V>=U

V 5 Bc% $ ~Vc

w 7>d .>3 <

i¯>= ]>< > ¤c4 ~1 [º 4 ,i¯=3 '

5 v±4 =U iH%

u> ,V>< >c 3

.>< B}>C ;M V ,.4 k< ,]E ¡Q `!>> }>>C1 .>>< _I>>as >>=3 >>c V>> ,`!>>

|RX C<5P x5¢ )65 W)0 x=. Óh2 00?

h2 5 5e 56 _LE596 Q5RVKr ZlEc 5l< n x=. ,T Q3 T 00?

00? x=. `LN OA mKPK zEd C<D6 Æ()V 9^n ;(T m> G ±² p ,TK

)NKR6 QR0r + gjc )6 W)0 x=. h2 p `5F!c J K0]c ET gr< E Ê?n +LNn E6 ,`£ DDR 6 C<P 4 j( K.

LN Q] ()N º6 e 6 W 9!

(10)

Q G gDDR

z5 )65M VER( ip )FN

§@ W)V G LA K( 8R 00?

5 5!6 8LN C<D >(? QcW)V 2 Q5]{ C<D56 ¡5 Q56 X5( S · =. ,QT

5N)! 52 Q5( 5 S , ;(5? +K5!6

QR( QR( Q<lD

hp hA

X59( )6M

T 2 X9( S QN e 6 ]] `L] 2 oE5 5 5E ;(? <P Kr g6 Z()]R +5 U5>j( h2 5 o¥N ,oER QR<P Kr + g6 hA 556 ,;(55? 559^2 55E oE55 55 <55P )6M ,x G = ;(? ¡)!( S 5 C<D5 o>(5T zK !6 G 0N

` G S ,QN )( K.

) 12

(

55LE G m55 55p 55 KRp55 mK550(

;55(Tn z55 )655M :

z55 Q55!c G )655M

12

55 G Q55V 55 )55F E55 G 552 x =55 ;(55?

,2

533

E G =@ ,

,5

:293

SA 5o ;!6

QKV !E G Q6Rp G C<P OA

: «5 =

° 83

Wl2 m p KRp zRc V

hK5p2 )6M

5 `.5E LKL] (KE E G Q56Rp 9

:

"

}>QRX

>> >>£ ,iV>>s1 >£ 9>>8< >>gD" >±4

"

'

_()55R ;55T 55 C<D55 55(KE ;55(Tn

=55. Q559 ,Z550<R W)550 /55 55>( Q552 X55e S

opK4e 6)l ,S4eA

) 13

(

7

»c <X k W ~ w

W)50 5o0lc 5 o3YK9 =5² ;(5? =. G ;T ,L `4? C<P ;(T2 )6M

8E K !6 N~ Q>(T WEr2 )6M )pY

56 ÇKDN hKE

)5 5ER] OA

) 14

5E 5e2(

50()b OA 5N~ Z(D5 )546 Ä2 K5c J +4 ;5T ,Æ()5V 5 ;(T2 mEc G mK0(

: | k i1 83 F

Vsk"

−

»c .< {X 7 = −

nE 4

:> K>7 > >c >sH v4 9 |>C

X u ; °1 pg47 sk ,zE v 8=E .CD" i

B5>7 S>1 B& m ¨E1 S w

_sk>U »c .< {X 7 <1 ,GH IJ } ~ i8E °1 . < . B< R¯ i;<

_¢& ¡E

>83R V> < ¢& − −

k> u>

i>s

1 ;\>>Q= V>>D .>> `>>4 :

% G>>3" WV>>o

13 )F : hK5p2 59¾ 5]{ G 5LE ¤R Wln

)6M 6 9¾

19

14 Ì 0! )F

−136

138

(11)

'' ( )pY `r

) 15

mV(

: i1 ]><

v> i1 . . |R1 sk

Wc

 : iA SD< v= < »c <X k W ~ w

) 16 (

4>8T ,Vsk" ¡5 < . X iqU ]>< KT . B$U k .Q m a K58 _ R¯ 7 :

WV>E Wc

:

VE ,V/1 i%

4E S;3 M>7

>

v ,

is KE1

w

) 17

]>< >B=3Q< > BT ¦4 :s ,(

a z °1 . _ 7 :

WV>E Wc

*G-3 *³ (, ¼v>k

.><

,»>c V>c : :>U

?<T Wc : V i1 , SV4 w

) 18

>3 u> ,(

15 Q<<P G mV :

ErT K62 ,h

2

,!e

,).

mV : hp 9¾

6

3

6 ,`!l

§5¸

: Q52 Ö56

55(!

− K55.

x55E G 55N

55 Æ()55V

− : h2 55

6 ,)9

§¸

: Q2 hK4 X

,hl<V ,¥N +0N

Er²N J

6 K.

,Q.2

`r mV : 2 ,!6 QN 8E6 h2 S3

`4E hKr¸

;(T2 U

G

Rp ,

S )rKc

mK

Xa2

,`4L3

`p(N vn 85R

¥5c ,5L.2

vN U!9 mK

mK0(

: Ô hA

=.

)n G ,Æ()5V S

`£!(

T2 SA Qp

G E J ,QL3 K5V2

(5 Õ

`V ;(T ,Æ()V W)n 6 ,+4Tn Rp 7139

16 `V ;(T ,Æ()V W)n 6 ,+4Tn Rp 7140

17 ;(T ,D! 4c l z9 6 ,+4Tn Rp

`V 7142

18 `V ;(T ,+ G KE 6 ,VE Rp 3604

>d >c E5> >= ¦>4T v>4 &7XU zIs C ]V

) 19

(

Q552 55 )655M ©KD55j( W)550 x=55. G 54N , 3? T KE ;(? +R(

62 Óh2 ;(<6 ÓR¸ )9 )46

"

Æ()5V 5 9^n

"

Dn +2 −

D5n J `Ç _? /KV2 K.

T ]0 ;(T G Q6 mR( N o¥(2− m5( =5 ~ 60 G Q6 mR A ,)6M `LN CR5]( =5. ,Æ()5V QR gl<0 Xj J G !l 6 Q53 ,Q3 =. ,;(? <P

;(55T h2 )655M /)55( )55

"

Æ()55V 55 559^n

"

5l z95 ;(5<p ,/)52 ;5(T2 '!(

5 W)52 5 hK4c E 4. hKp ,À? ! Æ()V G Q5]4c `T E C 1Kc )6 W)0 x=.

6 ,k Q m( S = Q®Kc ,]R C 13)5(

J5 Q5c2)3 ,;(? Ê]2 L mc S 8R hKEF 5 ÓR¸ )59 )546 562 h2 5 `5LN ;T ,6<D Qn ;QN oE!b hK4( · 8E6 ]0 G ;(?6 G K53K x5E! E56 ,D50 G ÒD ;(? q] )(

C<D G x = )46 Ä2 +p

2 ml6 6 Óh2 /

19 Ì 0!

136

(12)

;(? =. ¥!( )46 Ä2 +p

) 20

(

5V 59^n h2 p

(! x)pY g6 '!c S2 KE6 ;(T z

س

;(5? =5. K5V hK54( h2 5ÓA Q2 ,)9 6 ;(5T 50( ,g95 D52 8TK5 5 TE6 =5 )5n 5R Q52 2 ,Q5K9 QP2 J (!

,Q6 Z!c g5R 56 5R V ,( =Å `LV K.

=5 5V )T 6 X=p ,(! 4A G o= =.

x4A G (!

) 21

mV h2 z ,(

: 4 Q3 S QA

065 6K3½ '!R OA Ù]( S Q²6 mV V (!

'!R zNc 8R

mb2 V )5e

;(5? C<D5 t

G Q3KR )5e

.= zRc S K2 x=. ,QT

)65M

5 KD5E z !R G QR0()b )5

z5 85R

G mK5Pn K0 L32 + ¯(c W!

C3@ ^)V n g6 z9M `5L] j j UV 0N

=5. ;/)5n ;5(Tn ml6A SA Z( ,)6M E ')N J '!R J U «2

Q5c)F )6M 6 9¾ W)V :3K =.

8r5? 8]5] $YK59E K5. ,5 C<D Q53K( Q5 5 ,§@5 W)5V G QR( = KDE )5

20 C<P t¦

,8

211

21 RN C ,13

115

0 9 ,

,16

74

−2

.0 K/ V4s _

:

< ) Qb KRp >9(

D ©E j¢ ,g9 §)c VE( S ZlE ]N Q5 ,]5] Ä) ZlR N G KVK g9

=. G )5e

´5 5rr J +K0c ª

) 22

(

)5>p z5

(e) e 6S VE ]] QcT)b2 −

85R

5! OA :5R x5E 8.

) 23

− (

QR5P 5¾

A ZlE §@5 5n ')5!R `(5 Q2 SA 8

op Q ¢ S ,0E QR9V 8 )5e

5

xFEc G Å LR( KDE

QE `L]( + 46 ) Ql ´0 4 |5 ,5L9.] E5 h)0 SK `F! Q2

G S C<P G g44 _LE J K.

QR4

QRS G S

gRT XY G `L] HT 49(

:

−1

+R5jc 85R ]5] 5 5lj( QÓ2

S Q53 5 5 Ó«2 /)( ,+ §)c W)0 +5 §)c !3) xE CD( S ;T ,Q

22 0R 32 KT

30

23 Zl(

8]] Q.= e 6 .= J ) Qb

§> QRp ! ,/4 ER] i fP7 :

,U5NLR U5N°

z5N SA U5, m50 D5N ,n _.E i4 n 0c /K WL0] 9^

0R 32 KT )F

− 122

124

(13)

8 mR L9j( 8. ,K. Qcº6 SA

2 KP²

) 24

(

§>5 5l Q¥N h2 p

8E(5 E5 z5 5!R hKr? .KR 8R :

)(5 +K5L] |5{c ,5E0! ,5En ,En C<55P x55¢ Q556¬2 )655M 556 559¾ +K55L]

5! Q5N E5 5¤c _LE 8]E( g<N

gT ,h} 4 o?P E Q5N E5 E0 8]E(

'!R LE 8]E( 2 ,0E 0! !6c U>j(

−2

55]

55 )55 55 Q55b

) 25

,(

n 9 N G xFEc )5

` ,

G )5FE Z5E 85E( h2 lR5 = Q0] mKP2 KDE +4Tn $)R

) 26

(

Z E]2 YA :

Kc _.E D] 0E Qb

C<D55 5]y W)5V 5Ç 85R ]5] 56

x55¢S =5. Q55 5 oKD55c 5El!( =55LN ,5 E5 54 ]] ZlE ` 8

24 §@ `(K0c G _LE (¢ )F ,81

.!6 243

,

0R 32 KT

61

25 /)(

G 5o h5p Q52 5 J5 } Q2 ) Qb

5 ¡56 ,Q59F!c G 5o!b , QNKDc 5 =5

X5 xM o)N ¡KDR

)5F : 532 5 K5T

0R

140

26 )F : +4 ` (¢ K? mKP2

−150

151

C<P L2 J ,(KE

* * *

"

: \±4 _~

z}c

5 KD5 5]c G 8¤R x¢S )5

K5. !(

5]c Q56 )5( ,5! 5r? X5 X

5 5¤R L5P]c 5°l! 5L0^0<6 KDE 5lc) b2 W QV2 (²c 2 ,00T z^V z^VK XR6

J `4¸ 8¤R _LEN m5 E

Q6 9! xE! G )r{( = ,Q6 < Q¤c

2)5b 5V

})56 K5. ,Q5 G :50 :§5T _LE =. J ;(5T 5¤c ]5N x5R6 K5. ;v5¤R _LE zR h)0 G )L¨ ;T ;KLF )5

)5( ,

!VK Q0^0<6 ¯(R ]c Q6 5]R 5 x()¢

`.K55 55F 2 55LR3S J55 559^0 55Vn Q6 0!R bn

) 27

(

)5^M 8¤R x¢S >9(

v5¤R x5¢S 5>9( ,hKp2 9¾ 5 Ä)5

)!

) 28

ªc G )! mK0( ,(

_LE6 ¤R

27 )! ,¯(R +KL] )F

−348

349

)4] ,

hKp2 9¾ ,9 W)V 8

130

28 M 6 9¾ ,Q5cT)b2 !6 G 8¤R _LE +R( · )6

_LE =. °T)b2 G D]E( hKp2 )! 4 gR0()l g6 9R z

−

¤R ¤R

−

(14)

8]]

: 9p ¤R ¤R OA oRT {c 8><6 _LE

8]N x¢p

) 29

)5>p2 K. v¤R _LE Óh2 Xe S ,(

KDE W)V G o!6 oN)<

)5

5¤R hn ;

5]c h2 49( S LKL] J 5

K5E ) − o>5 o5]c −

T) l! kn +4Tn o) 5

g5. W5n W]l5Pp h +KL] 3~

!

.K< `£(2 J )¢ 8R

55!

v55¤R _LE55 T55P )55!

C<P ;(T2 !6 x¢ W)0 e !6 5(KE E5 h)50 Q5c)F 5 5!6E ,

5R6 5]p LK5 ¯(5R 5 ,R K.

hKc !]E 3? 6 ,(3 (²c OA `(0 (²R 5!]E 8. WL0] E )0 <D h2 /)( ,XY OA G K5e (=5 g9 | ,g96 lc) +K h)0 mV XY G } ,On 5(²c <5P W© hA :

KE W K. g!

Q5 5(²R h²6 )pY Q2 z

mKP2 KV )5e

QN ) 49( S ,ª

K5. `5r

Q6Rp G tP E

«²6 (KE ÓE ¡)!j(

]p

zVK J }n E Zlc )5

R mK<

) 30

(

29 )! ,¯(R +KL] )F

349

30 tP E

130

E5 `5L] )5! LT)b 8R >n Q Z]R ;(? 8E(

x5N o)54E `4E /2

Q50N zlR5( h5N ,QN zlR( hN ,x6

,

85. ,8¤5R Q5E} Q ;(? =. h2 )! /)(

:

D5 G ;(? =. h2 /)( ,On h)0 5

¬5? )

D5! W5L0N OA X5Y ,Q6 9! /)( T2 S 5

)

5¤c 5T) G W53 ;(? =. h2 /)( p ,+K

5 X5Y G x]c Q(²c Z!c ,E!

6)5(

5 K5Ec 85R 5 ²96 ;(? =. )!

¡)5¨ G Q5!3 5A ,;(5? =5Å 59! G E F =. ¯(R G ;(5< 5E! l2 = K. ¡)

D55 G 55E! =55. J55 Z55lE( S 55 X55Y 5

)

¬?

) 31

(

* * *

] "

: 9~ _k ;8 = AX

ma" &$ u

5(Kb o50T ()4] .¢S x=. K3 z D5Vn ) 6 G 5

56) 549

E x¢ ()4] E K] G .)r2 Á@c h2 6S ,KD~ Q3 J C<P ,oK9 (KE E5 5( 5 K. C<P EN

31

]c 60

)! ;(T _)6 G )! z K(

(15)

E D x G m0( QN m0( ,Lp

x=5Ç )54] 0! )rn ;(? E 6S ,.¢S 5 `F!c )r2 Óh2 OA e

5Pn K. o o6b W 6 T G Q¤c G mKP =E oK9 ) 6 G = 5.¢S x=5. )5L¨ h2 OA )5Ç z56) h)0 ()4]

QR( QF]T N )5e

Z!R QcW)V QT

56 6 E Q 8TK5 G x)5r2 m5( S :z5

)55

z5596 556 55T 55 55V Q559F!c

55! ()455! 55 55? G ;LNE55P2 ,Q5R^)V 5!6 SA ÉKM )Ó]Ec S :UV WN ,R3S OA V6 mc S `6 ÆM G ^Rp 9c +K S E T G 2)50j( h5p RT R3

) W ! o)L hp ,h)I0 0 E

oR5 W)V NKD ( G

=5. 5p i5p 5V

v55R4 `.)556A 556 i55K( KRp55

.1437

–

6) + !w |^

− |5]E x)] G

Kl :

"

a" #< E<

m

"

5 )5L¨ 85R ()4] .¢S x=. 4 G o()4N o(0 o)r2 Up)c V ,H OA Ð h)0 ! z(¿ P) m ,ÎVn ) 6

\( N .HT 49( ,).F x=.

: B~1

: 4 &< .< s V 5 }a%

>M ] :

e2 K. )LF =.

5(0! r ).F

5.¢S <5P²N , o){5 )5L¨ 8R ()4]

5]c 2 ,+K59! G 5(²R X hK4( 06

550! 55!2 ,55¤R §55Tn6 ;55(Tn 85. U5p 5.¢S x=5. 54 ,;5(Tn !

T5P 5Å )5L¨ 85R 5a()M W x=. > ( p R Kl2 (« C<P TP X=p

Rp 0 G

5T Z? g6 QE6 hp

Rp TP X=p

)5(). K62 )>p2

`Ç5>2

) 32

,(

x=Å G0> Cl J Ä) + G )L¨ ;T ,5(KE E5 W5A 85. 5LRR 85R a()M W

5 R ,xE5 Q5R9V Q!5 G Kl52

O2 6 E ( x

5r 5 WS{LN

) G >(? ()4] .¢S x=.

89! _LE `.!6 `LT)b <l z

`«2 SA ,3Y ]<D 0()l6 `.})6 −

5

32 hK59¸ (= 6 ! zb0 S0 U(2 5 D59p 5(KE E5 W5A 85. , WS{. )4N |]

. OA 0! ! ,(u6 9 «Kp ,z(uR D

n

OA 5e Q5N 85]4( ,3K5 ;< hn

2 Q]5PK6 QA e 6 U]Rp ,E WA 8. ,¥0 P

C<P W)V G ()4] .¢S Xc r )r2

(16)

`Ç ({ !9M Z(Kc + m −

K<P2

550()l G 559! 55r KD5590c `55LN ,()r{55 h5p ,5E U5P p _^RE6 )L¨ ,]<D 5R D5 5 E5 (D WA L2 )5

G z(

mK06 n QR0c j+. ,+

mT 0N ,06 .¢S6 )rn =. D 6 WS{Ç (({ !

)5()0R /5

56 59<9p 8]5] x¢S <P2 Å / 8R !p 8¤R x¢S ,)6M

5!3) G )!

5.Kl6 ;o(Kr)c o¤c o]c x]c 2 x0 §@

5· x 2 ,R4 =. TP Å mV 8R RE6 +4 =Å mK0(

G U(2 0N 5({ S50 !6

U5p Eb E( G UrT 6 ,=. OA ( )cp5 5T2 h5p ,R4 =Ç !3) W)V LN b R K. R4 =. h2 /)( LN (¬<

§@5 5ER!3) G )65M 56 59¾ KRp5 Q6 x0

BA : 9~V z1" VT

<

:

6)R h2 K. Å l ER hp ² x=.

;(T '!c

2) `.)2 K +KV C]( S K5

()54] 5T2 m5V 50N , C<P G −

K5.

) W l6 G K¥

− 5p 52 }KN !6

52 ^)6 :

.>< S>D8 i1 > &> >< ¡> >

7 :

"

~ z1>< S><1 V #Vc 38

"

¡> #1 ,

W$>R >D/V K>4==7 >< sI< ]< _ k ]cV

?>> K>>< =4>>E 9>>~ `$>>A

) 33

(

55V

> ({ (KE !9M G x)r2 +4 =. §T2 J 6K< ¸HR x=.

)5

§5T2 5p ,g

Ä) + G x)r2

. C<D G K ;(? '!( 3) =

6)R J WE6 −

Q9LN T −

,)5 G . 8R

5°r2 85R L5 5> 5¾ \50 ]c K.

;(T2 !6 G 0!

) 34

(

BA : T

>M

V V= ] :

o55 55(KE E55 55] 55(²R h55p

33 )5 W l6 K¥ )4] +p K.

− h5p =5

o06 g] o!

− 850N .K 9¾

ÁK6 |] G Qc<]P J

bK h p) |^ K.

+

34 D5R6 L x=. KM :

G 5 56)R h2

2)5 2 3) TP J `4? zK ¾ U 62 2 OA ^ `4? hA 6 ,! (SK :

59F2 LE

TP ,Än [S 594< ,W}K5 h5

Å |^) S · . (=]ER

5 ,5L3 5 =5.

J5 o5 U5 56RS G t5E h5N /)52 L3 `LN G KDV J m( =. ,RE 2) 2 3) TP SA | 6) ?6 z6 K. 6 ,Q^V

(17)

l9 R6 )5

X5Y m> ,!K gK0 !6 z(

6 ()4] !6 Q6 b

) 35

25 W5A 5(

Q56 1_RT · ,Ern6 3) ,+ G § 5 C<5P G K § G n Óh2 `.T2 s5! 3? ,§ G LR3S 6 CRN J mc )p= g6 E!¢ +K

>n

C<5P W)5V OA ER5 U5 ? x=.

59V +5 OA ER5 85. 5 06 ,!]6 R )5

!lV ¸s h)0 nN ,WS{. E z(

G K5 S5? z ,g>n qT > )p= h2 G 2 2) LN §)c V 8R E

54 ,53) 5 )5>p

5P2 G +! !l bA G Q<<P )p=j(

L(²c 49( E¨ «2 ,(KE E

c J ) m>

)5

] gK0 z(

)5

:

g]{ !6 Q6 b )5

t54 5T6A 5 g

55c 55!R )5

G 855]4( S 55! $55 hK55p ;Q!(

L3K

h2 K5. i{ Å mR 8R n

!R t4 )<6 C(HR QN =

) 36

!b 8E!( · ,(

35 `LE G 5VK0? 5!9M 5 `LE ,x)pY Z

)

36 QKV K.

:

G `54 U5Y2 U5Ep 5V vA ,5E 5£2 5(

,5!R t4 `()[ G ;(T ts2 K. ,QN Q56 5@ G 5 56 )rn x)(A z

z]5(

=. E Ä2 56 \ ;(T 2 QKp i{

b K56 5V ,W5E 5!R 5 85LE G QEس

m0N :

6 8«

mK

t4 5!R )5

J5 U ,`L] G Ö( /KL !3 W)V x=.

¾ )4N x¢ Y mKP2 J 2 g! _LE

) 37

(

)4] 0! )rn ;(? ')! G 85Ec ;5 C<5P x¢ ()4] .¢S x=Ç 5ÇEc G 5.¢S x=5Ç |p5! )5rn OA je J V o(V W! Óh2 4N , C<D mlc J ) ÓhN , C<P J mlc o53 5>p n KE G C<P J ,

,K(]c )¨E ,S0 ,]{ OA UKEc V 8R3S PKR ^ G 0!c

) 38

(

WE R9RS ,

50 +K5( OA X5Y +)T V hA

Q5 5N ,W¹ LE5 x5E hp 9N ,

5· =5²c S

oae .K9Rc

`V ` Q3)2

1406

37

Rp TP )n k}n 6 9¾ K.

"

z}c 4" p

v 5 ;8 zC

"

) ,(

38 )5 U6 0N ,Kl2 (« Rp J ) XY

5]{ ,S0 :

−1

5Rp G Kl5 S5LM

Q]{ ,Kl2 (« C<P :

9¾ ,Z5N 52 6

−2

N)~ Rp G Nn :

Kl52 5(« C<P

(18)

hR

9?

!6 :

OA 5e 5 kn x=5. U5Ec 0N 5 + C<D °W)V ()4] .¢S −

Q

− Î5Vn ) 6 G

549 56)

)NK5c K5. 5 X5c G 5 H5T hp C<D °W)V Ç4e²6 >(? _.E

p

C<P

x=5. G )FE m _^R ;T )L¨ V

\( p 8. , C<P L]VK _.E :

−1

2 5 hK9¸ S _.E x=. <P2 h2

`5 5 or2 ,.0 x2 ;(?6 `!

5

,hT 6 Q]{

−3

$0 Q]{ ()0

5l 5 J5 )5 G 5P 85R ]{ X=p S0 TP

5T Z? g6 QE6 hp 85.

5 ]<5P S0 5

5()3 G °) `5r ,56) §5Tn

Rp LE ,Rp G LR!b :

G C<P J mlR

¬? H!

− 5(0 5R4

5 50 G

−

5(} 59¾ YR5n S50 X=p ,E(VA 84 YR½ hKE!6 `R (6!

: ( U[ p)!

50! (²5R hK5EF +5.n SA `LE $) ]

−2

`.)5F K5. _.E x=Ç \Pn iVK h2

5R v5> D5 (KE E

)5

5 `L]VK5 ,z(

= ,)6M E 8]] _LE G p ,Q6 $RTS

0N h)0 ¿] E h2 /)(

x=. 00T 8. x=.

Pn G (KE E °)F G _.E

−3

T) ¬ h2 OA mE ÙR0c

g5ER! Q5Ec g56 5 ,Å<P2 ,_.E x=. p D]c L ) g6 ,.!62 _.E x=Å

LN R4( h2 ,kn x=Å z]E( h2 m²2

9? ,`()p K3 Q< QA ,~

,g5!

JP

Q5 J5 59¾ 5E J5 `5 Q<5P

g!w2

* * * ]>C"

iVs1 £ 98< gD" ±4 }QRX 56 9¾ ,

kK ,m p ,)6M

#$; S3 V WV1 G50> 5p) ,) Qb ,

W¥ ,Ä)!

v<$E ¦VD i;<%

G (0 !3) ,

)5

8TP

!

,)!

W p) ,h3 9¾

`!> SV=T OD"  G50> 5p) ,)5 5 Q5b ,

W¥ ,Ä)!

(19)

[T

>d V [=T  ,8bK5 ( m3 ,

'() ,b ,Ä()] )F Z0[

i¾8" I584 ,

).0 ,. R4 ,8.= 9¾

=45>" C1 .< 9V7 56)! 45 ,)5 5 Q5b ,

§<6½

#$E . fU& . fU Q5! ,K5? 59¾ ,

52 56 9< ? `? e) k)b CKc G50> §@5 5p) ,}5 56 59¾ Z0[ ,K!

Ä)

}KM 6 ,

$ 5 ,

5 ,Ä)5! G50> 5p) , )!

W¥

>d   5R4 ,`.)56A »( Z0[ ,ml6 6S ,

e)

K>>T3 K>T&£ «5> >=

55p) ,)65M 56 59¾ ,

6 ,6)! TK

= z

>d

> >

,85E! (5 56 ,

6 ,§@ WTA

4U

>d   5(E ,v05! )T 6 ,

6 ,N)! ,l~ ( ¾

a" 4U

>d 81  Z50[ ,5 ( |9e ,

).0 ,E R4 ,\ gT \

v<$E ;8 3 z}c

,8K50 W p) ,hKp2 9¾ ,

Ä)! G0> p)

x4 #VD8<

5 ,

5 ,Ä)5! G50> 5p) ,)5!

W¥

I5>84 3= E" OD<

5{ ,85) 5LN ,

)

V 5 .< 3= E" jcV<

D5 gn , ,g5n k

e) R4

(20)

(1)a z&#34;  z}c ;8 = A1 &amp;' i&amp; .0

س

(1)a z" z}c ;8 = A1 &' i& .0