Design of an Efficient Power Shutdown System for Energy Conservation

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Design of an Efficient Power Shutdown System for Energy Conservation

Course Name: Engineering Design (802370) Abdul-Aziz Ahmad Al-Khaliefy

Nizar Ismail Al-Jezani Ali Saud Al-Ganawi

Khalid Muhammad Bahadheq

Ja'far Al-Sadiq Design Team

Department Affiliation: Electrical Engineering Department –

College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University,

Makkah Al-Mukarramah

May 12, 2013

Submitted to:

Professor Muhammad A. Malik

Department Affiliation: Electrical Engineering Department –

College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University,

Makkah Al-Mukarramah KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA

Ministry of Higher Education Umm Al-Qura University College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture

Electrical Engineering Department

ةيدوعسلا ةيبرعلا ةكلملما لياعلا ميلعتلا ةرازو -

ىرقلا مأ ةعماج

ةيملاسلإا ةرامعلا و ةسدنلها ةيلك

ةيئابرهكلا ةسدنلها مسق

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Executive Summary

We have found that we have a problem of leaving the power on for some rooms , so we decided to design an effective power shut down system for conserving the power . Our objectives is to make the design consisting of three systems which are detecting ,

controlling and monitoring . This design should achieve the associated standards and the public needs . For this design we generated some concepts for the detection system and picked one among the others . Then we provided a management plan for the project and talked about the scope of work , budget , and the deliverables .

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Statement of Problem

We have all seen noticeably higher demands for our energy needs. Certainly, prices have been rising at electricity bills. Throughout the world, greater demand for energy in developing nations has been putting pressure on the availability and cost of all natural resources. These pressures are reflected in electricity costs because of rising prices for the fuels used to generate power, as well as transportation costs for delivering fuel.

As these resources are very crucial and also being used up, it is very important to conserve energy. A lot of methods are utilized to reduce the power consumption. One of these methods to conserve energy is by turning off the unutilized appliances.

But this method cannot be applied efficiently due to the lack of awareness of the people and laziness, especially in schools, hospitals, offices, government buildings and universities. A major statistical report based on The World Factbook shows that the

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is ranked 19^th in the world for most electricity consumption, with 174,500,000 mega watts per year. Another statistical report by a seminar organized by the Ministry of Water and Electricity shows that the average consumption per person of energy per year is about 40 barrels of oil. It is also important to shut off the power during fire accidents, especially due to electrical short circuits. The three main categories of fire causes are accidental, natural and incendiary. Electricity often plays a major role in the accidental fires. But electricity can also be a reason in incendiary and natural causes of fire. Therefore, it is very important to have a detection system that triggers the shut off of electricity in the case of fire accident.

Our goal is to design a system that can monitor and control the power of the

buildings, and has an automatic shut down system for idle appliances. This system will also detect the fire and shut off electricity in the case of any kind of fire accident.

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Objectives

We are proposing the design of an efficient power shut down system for buildings.

So we have put three main objectives that must be accomplished in our system which are : 1. Control system which will turn off the power.

2. Monitoring system which will show how much power has been used.

3. Detection system which will be triggered on for certain conditions.

For the controlling system which will be installed in the building grid to control it and shut down the power at desired place. And for the monitoring system which should provide interface with the user and the detailed information of the power consumption. The detection system, which will be some kind of sensors or triggers, will be activated

manually or automatically under some conditions that results in the power shut off.

Table 1: Mission Statement for the Proposed Project.

Mission Statement: Design of an Efficient Power Shut Down System for Energy Conservation

Project/Product/Device/Process Description  Detection & controlling system , power conservation , easy power shutdown

Benefit Proposition  Reduce the power bill cost , easy controlling of the power

Primary Market  Electronics specialized company

Secondary Market  Government buildings, privet buildings Assumptions & Constraints  Automatic shutdown system,

Stakeholders / Customers  Public, Environment

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Project Design and Action Plan

Our plan is to achieve the objectives mentioned in the previous sub-section.

The steps for this process will be first gathering information and identifying customer needs. Then put the standards for the design and generating concepts. Finally select the design concept based on some criteria.

Gathering Information and Identifying Needs of Customers

In this step we asked our colleague about what they need from such design and what the things that should be available on it. We have also included in our search the faculty of our department

Identifying Associated Standards and Target Specifications

Based on the search we came out with six main standards that should be available in our design which are: safety, performance, appearance, comfort, economy and durability.

Generating Design Concepts (Solutions)

After we have obtained the associated standards, we used the brainstorm method individually and everyone came up with a concept with a summary of each one.

Table 2: Design Project Generated Concepts

S. # Concept Summary

1 A manual key switch

A sensor is installed inside the door knob which will be triggered if the door was

closed two times.

2 Switching by sound

A sound sensor is installed in every room which may be triggered by a special sound

like clapping.

3 Motion and heat sensors These are installed in every room that they will detect human heat and motion.

4 Switching controller by time

A timer device is installed in the building for some devices which will be adjusted to

shutdown the power at specific time.

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Selecting Design Concept (Solution) based on Realistic Constraints

In this step we will select one concept from the others. According for that we have two methods of selection which are concept screening and concept scoring.

Concept screening is for large number of concepts and its goal is to minimize the number of concepts . For the concept scoring , it is used to select one concept that has scored more points among the others based on some criteria . This method is usually used after the concept screening . When we go back to our concepts , we see that we have only four , which means the method concept scoring is suitable to our condition.

We first start with choosing one concept as a reference to easy compare with the others . Then we begin to put some criteria each one has its weight according to its importance , with these criteria we can measure the concepts . Then we rate each concept with each criteria and this rate is a number between 0 to 10 the higher the number the more that this concept achieves the criteria . After that we will multiply each concept rate with the criteria`s weight then sum them . With the total number we can finally rank the concepts and of course the higher number will be the first which is our selection that we will work on it on the rest of the proposal .

Table 3: Selecting Design Concept

Selection criteria

Concepts A manual key

switch (Reference)

Switching by sound

Motion and heat sensors

Switching controller by

time Selection

criteria Weight Rank Weight Rank Weight Rank Weight Rank Weight

Safety 15 5 75 7 105 7 105 8 120

Durability 15 3 45 6 90 6 90 8 120

Accuracy 20 7 140 4 80 8 160 10 200

Comfort 20 9 180 8 160 10 200 4 80

Performance 30 4 120 6 180 10 300 8 240

Total score 560 615 855 760

Rank 4 3 1 2

Continue ? No No Yes No

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Plan for Demonstration of Outcomes Achievement

Outcomes: Plan for demonstrating the achievement of outcome:

1. utilizes background knowledge and skills from discipline to the design of community-related projects

Identify the relevant principles from discipline & develop concise models to apply to the design. Understand and explain the disciplinary concepts. Recognize the fundamental nature of the problem and correctly apply knowledge.

2. demonstrates an

understanding of design process from start-to-finish

Reviewed a number reasonable alternatives before finalizing design decisions. Initiated appropriate design iterations.

Excellent cost estimates. Design principles applied

appropriately and without error. Effectively organized, met all deadlines. Design meets or exceeds customers’ needs &

constraints. Insightful evaluation supports conclusions and recommendations

3. an ability to identify and acquire new knowledge required as a part of the design process

What knowledge you will acquire as part of the design project.

4. demonstrates an awareness of the customer needs in

engineering design process

Provide a statement indicating that you are sensitive to the customer needs. You may say that your will transform the customer needs into technical specifications

5. demonstrates an ability to function on multidisciplinary teams and to appreciate the contributions of individuals from other disciplines

The tasks will be divided according to the expertise and interest of each team member. Each team members will be recognized and appreciated according to his contribution.

Both Electrical power and Electronics & Communication Track work will be mentioned in the final report.

6. demonstrates an ability to communicate effectively with diverse audiences

The design project work will be presented in the form of power point presentation in front of students and faculty. A final written report will be submitted for review to the supervisor and assessment panel members.

7. demonstrates sensitivity toward professional ethics and responsibility

The tasks assigned will be accomplished on time. All the dead lines will be met according to the management plan time-line. All team members will conduct professionally.

The project specifications will include safety, environmental issues, and ethical issues.

8. demonstrates an appreciation of an impact of design solutions (concepts) on society

The final report will clearly depict the impact of the design project on the community and will document the

consequences of the misuse of the project that will affect the society.

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Project Management

Before we start on the project we first make a plan for managing the project . To make it easy to do we will divide the whole project into sub functions . Each sub functions will has its time duration . For this we have construct a Gantt chart which is a table that explains the time-line of our project

Description of Task WEEKS

1. Identification of Customer Needs

2. Establishment of Target Specifications

3. Intellectual Properties Literature Search (Review)

4. Concept Generation / Concept Selection

5. Concept Testing (Implementation)

6. Economic Analysis

7. Prototyping/Testing

8. Presentation of Final Results (Final Report) Week #  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1

0 1 1

1 2

1 3

1 4

1 5

1 6

1 7

1 8

Figure 1: Time-Line Table for the project. The solid bars depict the part of the tasks accomplished.

Scope of Work (SOW) Statement

We will design an Efficient Power Shutdown System that will shut down the power automatically. Our system will be a 24 hours operative and will installed in an elementary school . The shut down operation will be triggered by detecting the human being in the buildings and knows if there are any in each room . The power will then be conserved

Deliverables

With the project we will provide some external deliverables which are the following:

1. Hardware and Software systems to the user

2. Instructional Manual explaining operation and maintenance of the device 3. List of associated engineering standards in order to assist users to replace components/ connectors/cables, etc. with standard ones for maintenance purposes

4. List of safety instructions for personal as well as equipment safety.

Budget

For this we have made a search for collecting the information about the costs for making the equipment of our project . We see that the sensors for the detection system are not expensive and are around 80SR to 360SR for each room . for the controlling system, it is not that much costly it should be around 80SR to 320SR . For

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the monitoring system , it will cost more than the others around 800SR to 1400SR. for the total budget for the school that has up to 40 rooms should cost 38400SR to 83200SR .

Communication and Coordination with Sponsor / Advisor

Our team will communicate and coordinate with our advisor regularly and will document and produce the following reports in the form of internal deliverables:

1. Minutes of the Weekly Meetings

2. Reports on new knowledge acquired from lectures of other resources 3. Minutes of the Phase Reports discussion meetings

4. List of resources used for literature review and other research

Team Expertise and Qualifications

Name I.D. # Major Area of

Expertise

Expected Grad Date Abdul-Aziz

Ahmad Al- Khaliefy

43009333 Electronics

and Comm. Leader Summer 2015 Nizar Ismail Al-

Jezani 43001223 Power Editor Winter 2015 Ali Saud Al-

Ganawi 42906063 Power Thinker Summer 2014 Khalid

Muhammad Bahadheq

43003113 Power Analysis Winter 2015

Our team is consisting of electrical engineering member with both power and electronic tracks , with our past experience and skills from knowing the nature of work and responsibilities to the skills of using multiple programs of the computer . As a team we have worked cooperatively for each steps of the project and showed an excellent team work.

For the team leader he showed the responsibility of being the leader and care about the others . He manages the teams meeting and also done the pre research before the team begins the meeting.

The team thinker was a valuable resources of information , he thinks out of the box and provide many solutions for each problem we face . He managed the place of team meeting and provide all the things for the work

The editor has a wonderful experience in language skill and was very helpful for editing the proposal . Also he showed a rational concepts and ideas and also make judges if an idea is acceptable or not.

For the analyzer , he had showed a great help for defining the problem and also analyzes and provided the associated standards for the project . He also made a rationale values and weights for the concept selection and criteria.

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Conclusion

At first we have seen the problem of high consumption in the electricity power in our country , and then we have designed the automatic shut down system for buildings that has the ability to shut down the power at empty rooms to provide a higher level of power conservation . Our project has what it needs from the associated standards to be able to work effectively and friendly to people and easy to use.

References

Ulrich, K.T., and S.D. Eppinger, Product Design and development (New York:

McGraw Hill, 2008), pp. 53–245.

SmartHouse.com .

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Al-Sittean Street Makkah Al-Mukarramah

0598503096 [email protected]

Abdul-Aziz Ahmad Al-Khaliefy

_________________________________________

Objective I am a reliable and hard working young student with excellent marks so far and have a good experience in using computer and my language skill is pretty impressive . I can work solely or in a team and have excellent skill in doing the job on time and I am promptitude in finding solutions for problem .

Education Umm -Al-Qura University , College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture, Electrical Engineering Department , Makkah Al- Mukarramah . 2010 to present.

Experience Bafarat Industrial Group Co. Makkah., Total of 9 months in Data Entry section and assisting the branch manager in doing paper work , account the general debts , account the expenses and account the profits.

Mashaer Al-Mugaddasah Metro ., In Al-Hajj season worked as a platform station agent for assisting the pilgrimage for boarding or leaving the trains.

Computer Skills Microsoft Office , Matlab , MathCAD , Circuit Wizard , Protues , Building and maintaining computers.

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Al-Awali Street Makkah Al-Mukarramah

Nizar Ismail Al-Jizany

_____________________________________________________________________

Objective learning what part of the company's job related to my field and trying to save money if possible and in the same time doing my job on time and ethically.

Education Al-Fursan high school, Umm Al-Qura University 2009-present, welding.

Experience None so far.

Computer Skills Microsoft Office , Matlab , MathCAD.

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Al-aziziyah (street hidayat) Makkah Al-Mukarramah

0565444682 a.s.q @msn.com

Ali Saud Jabber Al-ganawi

________________________________________

Objective I am a reliable and hard working young student and have a good experience in using computer and my language skill is good. I can work with team or only have excellent skill in doing the job on time and have solutions for problem.

Education Umm -Al-Qura University , College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture, Electrical Engineering Department , Makkah Al- Mukarramah 2009 to present.

Experience -I have course in English language for two month.

-I worked in company of sea port for one month, then

worked in company of Mahmud said refreshments For one month.

-First summer training in okaz organization for press and

Publication- maintenance department.

.

Computer Skills Microsoft Office, Matlab, MathCAD

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Al- Rusaifa Street Makkah Al-Mukarramah

Khalid Muhammad Bahathiq

_____________________________________________________________________

Objective I am a university student , I have some good

properties like Try to correct the mistakes in which reality in my studies and I have a relatively good grades , I have the ability to help the team to analysis the problem and solution.

Education Umm -Al-Qura University , College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture, Electrical Engineering Department , Makkah Al- Mukarramah . 2010 to present.

Experience I don't have experience

Computer

Skills

Design of an Efficient Power Shutdown System for Energy Conservation