FUNDAMENTAL OF DATABASE SYSTEMS
1401312-3
By
Dr Abdullah Alzahrani د . ينارهزلا اللهدبع
[email protected] Introduction
1
Assessment عيزوت
تاجردلا
■ 20% Mid-Term written exam
■ 10% Mid-Term practical exam
■ 20% Project
■ 50% Final Exam
•
يرظن يفصن رابتخا 20%
•
يلمع يفصن رابتخا 10%
•
عورشم 20%
•
يئاهن رابتخا 50%
Reference باتكلا
عجرملا
■ Fundamentals of Database Systems, 5th ed., by Elmasri and Navathe, Pearson International Edition, 2007.
■ http://dev.mysql.com/doc/
Dr Abdullah Alzahrani. [email protected]
Fundamental of Database Systems 1401312-3 3
Introduction همدقم
■ What is Database (DB)?
■ Motivations of using Databases
■ Database Models
■ What are Database Management Systems (DBMS)?
■ What DBMS will we use?
■ Some important terms
Introduction همدقم
■ What is a Database (DB)?
– A database is a collection of related data. By data, we mean known facts that can be recorded and that have implicit meaning.
■ Properties:
– A database represents some aspect of the real world – A database is a logically coherent collection of data with
some inherent meaning
– A database is designed, built, and populated with data for a specific purpose.
Dr Abdullah Alzahrani. [email protected]
Fundamental of Database Systems 1401312-3 5
row
column
Introduction همدقم
■ What is the main component of a Database (DB)?
– A table (Relation) – one or many
– is a data structure for representing related Entities.
– consists of columns (represent Attributes) and rows (represent Entities or tuples).
– A column represents a same property of a same data type for all entities.
– A row represents a set of properties of different data
types for a specific entity
Introduction همدقم
■ Motivations of using Databases. Why ? – Redundancy
■ storing the same data multiple times
– Modification anomalies (updating – deleting - adding) – Problems with searching
Dr Abdullah Alzahrani. [email protected]
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Introduction
همدقم
Introduction همدقم
Dr Abdullah Alzahrani. [email protected]
Fundamental of Database Systems 1401312-3 9
Introduction همدقم
■ Data Models
1. Relational Model
■ Describes a structure of database. It is a set of relations definitions (relations schema)
■ Relational table is a set of tuples
■ Supported Relational Algebra
2. Object-Oriented Model
■ It is a logical model that is represented as a set of class definitions in OO language.
3. Entity-Relationship Model
■ High-level model which describes data as entities, attributes, and relationships
– Others …..
Introduction همدقم
■ Data Models
– Relational Model
Dr Abdullah Alzahrani. [email protected]
Fundamental of Database Systems 1401312-3 11
Introduction همدقم
■ Data Models
– Object-Oriented Model
Introduction همدقم
Dr Abdullah Alzahrani. [email protected]
Fundamental of Database Systems 1401312-3 13
Introduction همدقم
■ Data Models
– Entity-Relationship Model
Introduction همدقم
■ What are Database Management Systems (DBMS)?
– A database management system (DBMS)is a collection of programs that enables users to create and maintain a database.
– It facilitates the processes of:
1. Defining (specifying the data types, structures, and constraints of the data)
2. Constructing (storing the data on a storage that is controlled by the DBMS)
3. Manipulating (querying, updating, generating reports)
4. and sharing databases among various users and applications.
– Other functions of DBMS is Protection and Maintenance.
Dr Abdullah Alzahrani. [email protected]
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Introduction همدقم
■ DBMS examples – MySQL
– PostgreSQL
– Microsoft Access – SQL Server
– Oracle
Introduction همدقم
■ DBMS consists of:
1. Physical database
■ Collection of files that contain the data content.
2. Schema
■ A specification of the information content of Physical database
3. Database engine
■ software that supports access to and modification of the contents of the databases.
4. Data Definition and Manipulation languages
■ Programming languages that support schema definition and database access
■ Ex: SQL (Structured Query Language)
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Introduction همدقم
■ People who work with databases and DBMS : 1. Database designers
■ Create databases according to the client requirements.
2. Applications developers
■ Design and build applications which interact with databases to accomplish specific tasks.
3. End users
■ Mainly users who interacts with databases via interfaces of applications designed by Applications developers
4. Database administrators
■ Responsible for controlling access to databases, maintaining data
accuracy and integrity, monitoring an improving performance.
Introduction همدقم
■ SQL (Structured Query Language)
– The standard language for interaction with relational DBMS
– Also, is the standard database language for DDL, DML, VDL, and SDL for relational DB
■ DDL (Data Definition Language)
– A Language for specifying the conceptual schema of a DB – Examples: Create, alter, and drop schema
■ DML (Data Manipulation Language)
– A Language manipulating the contents of a DB – Examples : DELETE, INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE
■ VDL (View Definition Language)
– A Language that supports the definition of external views of a DB
– Examples :CREATE VIEW
■ SDL (Storage Definition Language)
– A Language that supports the definition of internal schema of a DB – Examples: Initrans, pctfree
Dr Abdullah Alzahrani. [email protected]
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Introduction همدقم
■ What DBMS will we use?
–
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/
Introduction همدقم
■ Some important terms 1. DB and DBMS
2. Table (Relation), column, and row
3. Redundancy and Modification anomalies
4. Data Models: Relational Model, Logical, Object-Oriented, and Entity-Relationship (ER)
5. SQL
6. DDL, DML, VDL, and SDL
7. Database designers, Applications developers, End User, Database administrators
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Introduction همدقم
End
