ﺔ ﻴ ﺴﻔ ﻨ ﺍ ﺔﻨ ﻴ ﻧﺄ ﻄﻟ ﺍ ﻭ ﻱ ﺪ ﺍﻮ ﻟ ﺍ ﻝ ﺎ ﻫﻹ ﺍﻭ ﺔ ﻴ ﺪﺒ ﻟ ﺍ ﺔﻠ ﻣ ﺎ ﻌ ﺍ ﺓ ء ﺎ ﺳ ﺇ
ﺏﺎ ﺌ ﺘ ﻛ ﻻﺍ ﻭ ﺔ ﻴ ﺋ ﺪ ﺘ ﺑ ﻻ ﺔ ﺣﺮ ﳌ ﺍ ﺕ ﺍ ﻴﻤ ﻠ ﺗ ﻦ ﺔ ﻨ ﻴ ﻋ ﻯ ﺪ ﻟ ) ١١ ١٢- (
ﺍ ﺔ ﻜ ﻣ ﺔ ﻨ ﻳ ﲟﺔ ﻣ ﺮ ﻜ ﳌ
ﺩ ﺍ ﺪﻋ ﺇ ﺔﺒ ﻟ ﺎﻄ ﻟ ﺍ
ﻞ ﻣ ﻛ ﺖ ﺑ ﻲ ﻣ ﻦ ﺑ ﻱ ﺮ ﻗ ﺑ ﺪ ﻤ ﳏ
ﻑ ﺍ ﺮﺷ ﺇ ﺭﻮ ﺘ ﻛ ﺪ ﻟ ﺍ
ﻡ ﺎ ﺸ ﻫ ﻦ ﺑ ﻢ ﻴ ﻫ ﺮﺑ ﺇ ﺪ ﻤ ﳏ ﺮ ﻤ ﻴ ﳐ
ﻲﻠﻴﻤﻜﺘ ﺏﻠﻁﺘﻤ ﻯﺭﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﺃ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ـ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻜ ﺱﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﻡﺴﻘﻟ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﻴﺘﺴﺠﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺠﺭﺩ لﻴﻨﻟ
ﺹﺼﺨﺘ ﺱﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﻲﻓ )
ﻭﻤﻨ ﺱﻔﻨ ﻡﻠﻋ (
ﻲﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ١٤٢٩ ـﻫ
- ١٤٣٠ ـﻫ
ﺔ ﺳ ﺍ ﺭ ﻟﺍ ﺺﺨ ﻠ ﻣ
ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻋ :
ﻯﺩـﻟ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﻟﺍﻭﻟﺍ لﺎﻤﻫﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ
ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﺘﺒﻻﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ )
١١ - ١٢ ( ﺔﻤﺭﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻜﻤ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤﺒ .
ﺔﺜﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺴﺍ :
ﻱﺭﻗﻭﺒ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ لﻤﺎﻜ ﻲﻤ .
ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﺃ :
ﺩﻫ ﻓ ﺕ لﺎﻤﻫﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﻲﻟﺇ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﻟﺍﻭﻟﺍ
ﺔـﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ ﻥـﻤ لﻜﻭ
ﻥﻴـﺒ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻜ ﺕﺎﺠﺭﺩ ﻁﺴﻭﺘﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻕﻭﺭﻔﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﻲﻟﺇ ﻑﺩﻬﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻟ ﻥﻀﺭﻌﺘﻴ ﻡﻟ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻺﻟ ﻥﻀﺭﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍ .
ﻬﻨﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺞ :
ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠﻟ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺏﺴﻨﺃ ﻪﻨﻷ ﻲﻔﺼﻭﻟﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻟﺍ .
ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ :
ﻭﻜﺘ ﺕﻨ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻥﻫﺭﺎﻤﻋﺃ ﺡﻭﺍﺭﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﺘﺒﻻﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺱﺩﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﻑﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻟﺎﻁ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ )
١١ - ١٢ (
ﻥﻫﺩﺩﻋ ﻎﻟﺎﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻨﺴ )
٤٧٢ ( ﺔﺒﻟﺎﻁ ، ﺩﺩﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺴﺭﺩﻴ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ )
١٣٤ ( ﺔـﻜﻤ ﺔـﻨﻴﺩﻤﺒ ﺔـﻴﻤﻭﻜﺤ ﺔـﻴﺌﺍﺩﺘﺒﺍ ﺔﺴﺭﺩﻤ
ﺔﻤﺭﻜﻤﻟﺍ . ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ :
ﻲﻫ ﺱﻴﻴﺎﻘﻤ ﺔﺜﻼﺜ ﺔﺜﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ :
ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻤ )
ﻥﻭﺭـﺨﺁﻭ ﻡﻴﻟﺩﻟﺍ ،
١٩٩٣ ﻡ ( ، ﺓﺀﺎـﺴﺇ ﺱﺎـﻴﻘﻤﻭ
ﻪﻟﺎﻤﻫﺇﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﺒﻟﺍ لﻔﻁﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ )
لﻴﻋﺎﻤﺴﺇ ١٩٩٦
ﻡ ( ، ﺔﻴﺩﻭﻌـﺴﻟﺍ ﺔـﺌﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﻥﻨـﻘﻤﻟﺍ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻤﻭ
) ﻋﺎﻤﺴﺇ ﻲﻌﻴﻔﻨﻟﺍﻭ لﻴ ٢٠٠٠
ﻡ .(
ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨ :
١ - ﺩﺠﻭﺘ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺔﻟﺍﺩ ﻴﺌﺎﺼﺤﺇ ﹰﺎ ﺔـﻴﺌﺍﺩﺘﺒﻻﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘ ﻯﺩﻟ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﻟﺍﻭﻟﺍ لﺎﻤﻫﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﻥﻴﺒ
ﺔﻤﺭﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻜﻤﺒ ،
ﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﻻﺍ لﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺕﻐﻠﺒ ﺙﻴﺤ ٠.٢٢٥
ﺔﻟﻻﺩ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﺩﻨﻋ ٠.٠١
.
٢ - ﺩﺠﻭﺘ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺔﻟﺍﺩ ﻴﺌﺎﺼﺤﺇ ﹰﺎ ﻤﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔـﻴﺌﺍﺩﺘﺒﻻﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘ ﻯﺩﻟ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﻟﺍﻭﻟﺍ لﺎﻤﻫﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻠ
ﺔﻤﺭﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻜﻤﺒ ،
ﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﻻﺍ لﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺕﻐﻠﺒ ﺙﻴﺤ ٠.١٩٢
ﻥﻤ لﻗﺃ ﺔﻟﻻﺩ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﺩﻨﻋ ٠.٠٥
.
٣ - ﺩﺠﻭﺘ ﻕﻭﺭﻓ ﺎﻴﺌﺎﺼﺤﺇ ﺔﻟﺍﺩ ﺕﺍﺫـﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻺﻟ ﻥﻀﺭﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﺠﺭﺩ ﻁﺴﻭﺘﻤ ﻲﻓ
ﻬﻟ ﻥﻀﺭﻌﺘﻴ ﻡﻟ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺎ
، ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻺﻟ ﺕﺎﻀﺭﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﺢﻟﺎﺼﻟ ﻕﻭﺭﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﻨﺎﻜﻭ .
٤ - ﺩﺠﻭﺘ ﻕﻭﺭﻓ ﺎﻴﺌﺎﺼﺤﺇ ﺔﻟﺍﺩ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺠﺭﺩ ﻁﺴﻭﺘﻤ ﻲﻓ
ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎـﺴﻺﻟ ﻥـﻀﺭﻌﺘ ﻲـﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ
ﺎﻬﻟ ﻥﻀﺭﻌﺘﻴ ﻡﻟ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،
ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻺﻟ ﻥﻀﺭﻌﺘﻴ ﻡﻟ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻟﺎﻁﻟﺍ ﺢﻟﺎﺼﻟ ﻕﻭﺭﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﻨﺎﻜﻭ .
ﺕﺎﻴﺼﻭﺘ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ
:
١ - ﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻬﻴﺩﻟ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺎﺒ ﺭﻭﻌﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﺯﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﻥﺴﺤﻟ ﺔﻴﺒﺎﺠﻴﻹﺍ ﺭﺎﺜﻵﺍ ﺯﺍﺭﺒﺇ ﻡﺘ .
٢ - ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻺﻟ ﻥﻀﺭﻌﺘﻴ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻪﻨﻤ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﺩﻟﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﺫﺤﺘ ﻡﺘﻴ ﻥﺃ .
٣ - ﺕﺎﻴﻌﻤﺠﻟﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺴﻸﻟ ﺔﻴﺒﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﺩﻘﻋ ﻡﺘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻷﺍ
ﻟﺎﺴﺃ ﺢﻴﻀﻭﺘﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﻫ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﺘ ﺏﻴ
.
SUMMARY OF THE STUDY
- Title Of The Study: Physical abuse and parental neglect and psychological comfort and depression among a sample of primary school pupils (١١-١٢) in Makah AL Macrame .
- Objectives of study :
Study aims to determine the relationship between physical abuse and parental neglect and all the tranquility of psychological depression, also aims to know the differences in the average degree of confidence of both psychological and depression among students who have been victims of abuse and students who had not been exposed to it.
- Methodology of the study :
The Descriptive methodology that be used because it is suitable for knowing the true of the study .
- Sample of study:
The study sample consisted of students in sixth grade of primary school children between the ages of (١١-١٢) years and the number of (٤٧٢) women, who are studying in the number of (١٣٤) government primary schools in Mecca only.
-Study Tools :
The researcher used three measures: the measure of psychological reassurance, (Dulaym and others, ١٩٩٣), the measure of physical child abuse and neglect, (Ismail ,١٩٩٦), and the children's depression scale, systematized on the environment of Saudi Arabia (Ismail Alinviei ٢٠٠٠).
-Findings :
١ - There is a function of a statistical relationship between abuse and parental neglect and depression among primary school pupils in Mecca, as the value of the coefficient ٠,٢٢٥ at the level of significance ٠.٠١.
٢ - There is a function of a statistical relationship between abuse and parental neglect and tranquility to the primary school pupils in Mecca, as the value of the coefficient ٠,١٩٢ at the level of significance is less than ٠.٠٥.
٣ - There are differences in the average levels of depression among students who have been victims of abuse and students who had not been exposed to it, and the differences for the benefit of the students subjected to abuse.
٤ - There are differences in the average degree of trust between the students who have been victims of abuse and students who had not been exposed to it, and The differences for the benefit of students who had not been exposed to abuse.
- The recommendations of the study:
١- that is to highlight the positive effects of good treatment of students and increase their sense of confidence with the psychological. .
٢- That parents are warned of the danger of depression experienced by students who are victims of abuse .
٣- to hold training sessions for families, through NGOs in order to clarify the methods of rearing children's.
ءﺍﺪ ــ ـ ﻫﺇ
ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ
ﺮﻳﺪ ﻘﺗ ﺮـ ـﻜ ﺷ
ﺔﻤﻌﻨ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻩﺭﻜﺸﺍﻭ ،ﻪﻨﺎﻁﻠﺴ ﻡﻴﻅﻋﻭ ﻪﻬﺠﻭ لﻼﺠﺒ ﻕﻴﻠﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ لﺠﻭ ﺯﻋ ﷲﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﺃ ﻰﺼﺤﺘ ﻻﻭ ﺩﻌﺘ ﻻ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ .
ﻓﺭﺍﻭ ، ﻲﻀﺭﻴ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﻟﺍﻭ ﺩﻤﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺁ ﻲﻤﺴﺍ ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﻊ
ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻲﻟﺇ ﻕﻴﻓﻭﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﺤﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻌﻨﺒ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺃ ﹰﺍﺭﻜﺸﻭ ﹰﺍﺩﻤﺤ ﺩﺠﺴﺍﻭ ﻲﻠﻋﻭ ﻥﻴﺭﺨﻵﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺓﻭﺩﻗﻭ ﺔﻤﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﺒﻨ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺎﻨﺩﻴﺴ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻡﻼﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﻼﺼﻟﺍﻭ،
ﻥﻴﻌﻤﺠﺃ ﻡﻠﺴﻭ ﻪﺒﺤﺼﻭ ﻪﻟﺍ .
ﻘﺘﺃ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻨﺩﻌﺴﻴ ،ﻩﺩﻤﺤﻭ لﺠﻭ ﺯﻋ ﷲﺍ ﺭﻜﺸ ﺩﻌﺒﻭ ﺭﻜﺸﻟﺍ لﻴﺯﺠﺒ ﻡﺎﻘﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺩ
ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻌﺴ ﺔﻟﺎﺴﺭﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻲﻓﺭﺸﻤﻭ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻤﻭ ﻱﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ﻲﻟﺇ ﻥﺎﻓﺭﻌﻟﺍﻭ /
ﻥﺒ ﻡﺎﺸﻫ
ﻡﺭﻜﻭ ﻪﻠﻤﺎﻌﺘ ﻥﺴﺤﺒ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﺌﺭﻤﻭ ﻪﺘﻴﺎﻋﺭﺒ ﻲﻨﺩﻬﻌﺘ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﺭﻤﻴﺨﻤ ﻡﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﺇ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺎﻤ لﻜ لﺫﺒﻭ ، ﻪﺘﻗﻭ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻟﺍ ﻲﻁﻋﺃ ﺩﻘﻠﻓ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺴﻟﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻬﻴﺠﻭﺘﺒ ﻩﺭﺩﺼ ﺔﻌﺴﻭ ﻪﻗﻼﺨﺃ ﻴﻟﺫﺘﻟ ﺔﻌﺴﻭ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻤﺩﻗ ﺎﻤ لﻜﻟ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺩﻗﻭ ، ﻲﻨﺘﻬﺠﺍﻭ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻘﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻁﺨﺘﻭ ﺏﻋﺎﺼﻤﻟﺍ ل
ﻥﻠﻓ ﻥﺎﻨﺘﻤﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺴﻔﻨ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻋ ﺕﺭﺒﻋﻭ ﺕﻠﻗ ﺎﻤﻬﻤﻭ ، ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺜﻷﺍ ﻎﻠﺒﺍ ﺭﻴﺨ ﻩﺍﺯﺠﻭ ، ﻪﺘﺎﻨﺴﺤ ﻥﻴﺯﺍﻭﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻪﻠﻤﻋ ﷲﺍ لﻌﺠ ، ﺭﻴﺩﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻘﺤ ﻪﻴﻓﻭﺃ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﻟﺍ .
ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻌﺴ ﻲﻟﺇ ﺭﻴﺩﻘﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺭﻜﺸﻟﺎﺒ ﻡﺩﻘﺘﺃﻭ /
ﺒ ﺩﻤﺤﺃ لﻴﻋﺎﻤﺴﺇ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺩﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﻥ
ﺀﺍﺯﺠﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﺨ ﷲﺍ ﻩﺍﺯﺠﻓ ﻲﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺯﺠ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻑﺭﺸﺍ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ .
ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻌﺴ ﻲﻟﺇ ﻱﺭﻴﺩﻘﺘﻭ ﻱﺭﻜﺸ ﻪﺠﻭﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ /
ﺭﻤﻴﺨﻤ ﻡﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﺇ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﻥﺒ ﻡﺎﺸﻫ
ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻌﺴﻭ /
ﺙﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻁﺨ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤﺒ ﺎﻤﻬﻠﻀﻔﺘ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻲﻌﻴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﷲ ﺍﺩﺒﻋ ﻥﺒ ﺩﺒﺎﻋ
ﷲﺍ ﺎﻤﻫﺍﺯﺠ ﺎﻤﻬﺘﺎﻬﻴﺠﻭﺘﻭ ﺎﻤﻬﺘﺎﻴﺌﺭﻤﺒ ﻱﺩﻴﻭﺯﺘﻭ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﻟﺍ ﺭﺒﺨ
.
ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻷﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻌﺴ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﺠﻟ ﺀﺎﻀﻋﻷ ﺭﻴﺩﻘﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺭﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺹﻟﺎﺨﺒ ﻡﺩﻘﺘﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻟﺍ /
ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻟﺍ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻌﺴﻭ ، لﻴﻠﻟﺍ لﻤﺠ ﺭﻔﻌﺠ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ /
ﺩﺒﻋ ﻥﺒ ﻲﻤﺎﻬﻟﺇ
ﻡﻏﺭ ﺎﻤﻬﺘﺎﻬﻴﺠﻭﺘ ﺀﺍﺩﺒﺇﻭ ﺎﻤﻬﻤﻴﻴﻘﺘﻭ ﺔﻟﺎﺴﺭﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ لﻭﺒﻘﺒ ﺎﻤﻬﻠﻀﻔﺘﻟ ﻡﺎﻤﺍ ﺯﻴﺯﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺎﻤﻬﻠﻏﺎﺸﻤ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﺨ ﷲﺍ ﺎﻤﻫﺍﺯﺠﻓ
.
ﺯﻜﺍﺭﻤﻭ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻜﻤﻭ ﺏﺘﺎﻜﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺠ ﻲﻟﺇ ﻥﻻﻭﺼﻭﻤ ﺭﻴﺩﻘﺘﻭ ﺭﻜﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﻟﺇ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﻤﻟﺍ لﺎﺴﺭﺇﻭ ﺙﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﻤﺎﻬﺴﺇﻭ ﻡﻬﻨﻭﺎﻌﺘ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺩﻭﻌﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻜﻠﻤﻤﻟﺍ
ﺔﺜﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ .
ﺓﺭﻴﺩﻤﻭ ﺔﻜﻤﺒ ﺕﺎﻨﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﻡﺎﻋ ﺭﻴﺩﻤ ﺓﺩﺎﻌﺴ ﻲﻟﺇ ﻱﺭﻴﺩﻘﺘﻭ ﻱﺭﻜﺸ ﻪﺠﻭﺘﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺤﻭ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻌﻤ ﻥﻭﺎﻌﺘ ﻥﻤ ﻊﻴﻤﺠﻭ ، ﺔﻤﺭﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻜﻤﺒ ﺔﻴﻭﺒﺭﺘﻟﺍ ﺙﻭﺤﺒﻟ
لﻴﻬﺴﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﺒﻟﺎﻁﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻌﻤﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﺩﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﺘﺒﻻﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻱﻭﺒﺭﺘﻟﺍ ﻙﻠﺴﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﺴﺤﻟ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﺨ ﻲﻨﻋ ﷲﺍ ﻡﻫﺍﺯﺠﻭ ﺱﻴﻴﺎﻘﻤﻟﺍ ﻕﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﺔﻤﻬﻤ .
ﺩﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﻲﻟﺇ ﻥﺎﻓﺭﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺭﻜﺸﻟﺎﺒ ﻡﺩﻘﺘﺃ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻨﺘﻭﻔﻴ ﻻ ﺎﻤﻜ /
ﻪﻤﺤﺭ ﻱﺭﻫﻭﺠﻟﺍ ﺡﻼﺼ
ﷲﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻨﺠ ﺢﻴﺴﻓ ﷲﺍ ﻪﻨﻜﺴﻓ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻅﻌﻤﺒ ﻱﺩﺍﺩﻤﺃ ﻲﻠﻋ .
ﻲﻟﺇ لﻀﻔﻟﺎﺒ ﻑﺍﺭﺘﻋﻻﺍﻭ ﺭﻜﺸﻟﺍ لﻴﺯﺠﺒ ﻡﺎﻘﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺩﻘﺘﺃ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻨﺭﺴﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻥﻭﺌﺸ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺡﺎﺠﻨﻟﺎﺒ ﻲﻟ ﺎﻤﻬﺌﺎﻋﺩﻭ ﺎﻤﻬﺘﻴﺒﺭﺘ ﻥﺴﺤﻟ ﻡﻫﺭﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﷲﺍ ﺩﻤﺃ ﻱﺩﻟﺍﻭ
ﻲﻓ ﻲﻟ ﺎﻬﺘﺩﻋﺎﺴﻤﻟ ﻲﺘﺨﺃ ﻲﻟﺍﻭ، ﺎﻤﻫﺎﻘﺒﺃﻭ ﷲﺍ ﺎﻤﻬﻤﺍﺩﺃ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﻭﻤﺃﻭ ﻲﺘﺎﻴﺤ ﻕﻴﺒﻁﺘ
ﹰﺎﻌﻴﻤﺠ ﻡﻬﻠﻓ ، ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺠﻭﺘﻭ ﺢﺌﺎﺼﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﺎﻁﻋﺃ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﻲﺨﺃ ﻲﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺱﻴﻴﺎﻘﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻋ ﻥﻤ ﻩﻭﻟﺫﺒ ﺎﻤﻟ ﺭﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺹﻟﺎﺨ .
ﺀﺍﺯﺠﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﺨ ﻲﻨﻋ ﷲﺍ ﻡﻫﺍﺯﺠ .
ﺭﻴﺩﻘﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﻨﺘﻤﻻﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺱﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﺒ ﺊﻔﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺓﺯﺠﺎﻋ ﺭﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜ ﻑﻘﺘ ﺍﺭﻴﺨﺃﻭ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻗ ﺔﺤﺎﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻘﺒﺘﻭ ، ﻲﺘﻟﺎﺴﺭ لﺎﻤﻜ ﻻ ﻲﻨﺩﻨﺎﺴ ﻥﻤ لﻜﻟ ﻙﺌﻟﻭﺃ ﺏﺎﻌﻴﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﻠﻋ
ﹰﺎﻌﻴﻤﺠ . ﻲﻨﺤﺼﻨ ﺎﻤﻟ ﻪﻤﺴﺍ ﺩﺭﻴ ﻡﻟ ﻥﻤ لﻜ ﻱﺯﺠﻴ ﻥﺃ لﺠﻭ ﺯﻋ ﻲﻟﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻟﺇ لﻬﺘﺒﺍﻭ
ﺭﻴﺩﻘﺘﻟﺍ لﻜ ﻲﻨﻤ ﻡﻬﻠﻓ ، ﻊﻀﺍﻭﺘﻤﻟﺍ لﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺯﺎﺠﻨﻻ ﻁﻴﺴﺒ ﺀﺯﺠﺒ ﻭﻟﻭ ﻲﻨﺩﺸﺭﺃﻭ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﺨ ﻡﻬﻴﺯﺠﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﺩﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻟﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺌﺎﺴ ﻥﺎﻓﺭﻌﻟﺍﻭ .
ﻡﻬﻟ ﷲﺍ ﻭﻋﺩﺃﻭ
ﻭ ﻪﺒﺤﻴ ﺎﻤﻟ ﹰﺎﻌﻤﻴﺠ ﻕﻴﻓﻭﺘﻟﺎﺒ ﻡﻬﻴﻓ ﻲﻟﻭﻤﻟﺍ لﺎﻗ ﻥﻤﻤ ﺎﻨﻠﻌﺠﻴ ﻥﺍﻭ ،ﻩﺎﻀﺭﻴ
"
ﻻ ﷲﺍ ﻥﺃ
ﹰﻼﻤﻋ ﻥﺴﺤﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺠﺍ ﻊﻀﻴ
"
ﺔﺜﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ
ﻱﺭﻗﻭﺒ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ لﻤﺎﻜ ﺕﻨﺒ ﻲﻤ
ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺤﻤﻟﺍ
ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻟﺍ
ﺃ - ﺏ
ﺝ
ﺩ - ـﻫ
ﻙ - ل
ﻡ
ﻥ
ﻝﻭ ﻷ ﺍ ﺼﻔ ﻟ ﺍ : ﻞ ﺧ ﺪ ﻣ ﱃ ﺇ ﺔﺳ ﺍ ﺭﺪ ﻟ ﺍ
ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﻟﺍ .
١
ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤ ﺎﻬﺘﻻﺅﺎﺴﺘﻭ
. ٣
ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﺃ .
٦
ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ .
٦
ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺩﻭﺩﺤ .
٧
ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤ .
٧
ﻲﻧ ﺎ ﺜ ﻟ ﻞ ﺼﻔ ﻟ ﺍ : ﺭﺎ ﻃ ﻹﺍ ﺕﺎ ﺳ ﺍ ﺭ ﺪ ﺍ ﻭ ﻱ ﺮﻈ ﻨ ﻟ ﺍ
ﻻﻭ ﺃ : ﻱﺮ ﻈ ﻨﻟ ﺭ ﺎ ﻃ ﻹ ١٠ ﺍ
) ١ ( ﻝﺎ ﻔ ﻃﻷ ﺍ ﺔﻠ ﻣ ﺎ ﻌ ﻣ ﺓء ﺎ ﺳﺇ ﻭ ﻲ ﻧﺪ ﺒ ﻟﺍ ﺏﺎ ﻘ ﻌﻟ ١٠ ﺍ
ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻹﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ .
١٤
) ﺃ ( ﻹﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ .
١٤
) ﺏ ( ﺡﻼﻁﺼﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻹﺍ )
ﻲﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻟﺍ (.
١٤
) ﺝ ( ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻜﺸﺇ .
١٧
ﻊﺒﺎﺘ - ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺤﻤﻟﺍ
ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻟﺍ
ﺇ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﻡﺠﺤ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺓﺀﺎﺴ
. ٢٠
لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻹﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﺃ .
٢٤
ﺃ ( ﺔﻴﻨﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ .
٢٥
ﺏ ( ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻌﻔﻨﻻﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ )
ﺔﻴﻔﻁﺎﻌﻟﺍ (.
٢٨
ﺝ ( ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺠﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻹﺍ .
٣٢
ﺩ ( لﺎﻤﻫﻹﺍ .
٣٤
ـﻫ - لﺎﻤﻫﻹﺍ لﺎﻜﺸﺃ .
٣٧
١ - ﻲﻨﺩﺒﻟﺍ لﺎﻤﻫﻹﺍ .
٣٧
٢ - ﻱﻭﺒﺭﺘﻟﺍ لﺎﻤﻫﻹﺍ .
٣٧
٣ - لﺎﻤﻫﻹﺍ ﻲﻟﺎﻌﻔﻨﻻﺍ
) ﻲﻨﺍﺩﺠﻭﻟﺍ (.
٣٧
٤ - ﻲﺒﻁﻟﺍ لﺎﻤﻫﻹﺍ .
٣٩
٥ - ﺔﻴﻠﻘﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺤﺼﻟﺍ لﺎﻤﻫﺇ .
٤٠
- ﺭﻫﺎﻅﻤﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺸﺅﻤ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ
. ٤١
١ - ﺔﻴﻨﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻹﺍ ﺭﻫﺎﻅﻤ .
٤٣
٢ - ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻹﺍ ﺭﻫﺎﻅﻤ .
٤٥
٣ - ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺠﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻹﺍ ﺭﻫﺎﻅﻤ .
٤٦
٤ - لﺎﻤﻫﻹﺍ ﺭﻫﺎﻅﻤ .
٤٧
- ﺍ ﺭﺎﺜﻵﺍ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﻪﻴﺠﻭﺘ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻤﺠﺎﻨﻟ
. ٥٢
١ - لﻔﻁﻟﺍ ﺓﺎﻓﻭ .
٥٢
٢ - ﻯﺫﻷﺍ ﻲﺒﻁﻟﺍ . ٥٢
٣ - ﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺀﻭﺴ ﺭﺎﺜﺁ .
٥٣
ﻊﺒﺎﺘ - ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺤﻤﻟﺍ
ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻟﺍ
٤ - ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺜﻵﺍ .
٥٣
٥ - لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺎﺒ ﻲﺴﻨﺠﻟﺍ ﺵﺭﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺜﺁ .
٥٥
٦ - ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺭﺎﺜﻵﺍ .
٥٧
٧ - ﺭﺎﺜﻵﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ .
٥٨
لﻔﻁﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻓﺍﺭﻏﻭﻤﻴﺩﻟﺍ لﻤﺍﻭﻌﻟﺍ .
٦٠
١ - ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻱﺩﺘﻌﻤﻟﺍ لﻔﻁﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤﻟﺍ لﻤﺍﻭﻌﻟﺍ )
ﺔﻴﺤﻀﻟﺍ .(
٦٠
٢ - ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻱﺩﺘﻌﻤﻟﺍ لﻔﻁﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺴﺄﺒ ﺔﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤﻟﺍ لﻤﺍﻭﻌﻟﺍ .
٦٤
٣ - ﻱﺩﺘﻌﻤﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤﻟﺍ لﻤﺍﻭﻌﻟﺍ )
ﻱﺫﺅﻤﻟﺍ (
ﻤﻟﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺘ
ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺒﺴ .
٦٩
٤ - ﻤﺍﻭﻌﻟﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤﻟﺍ ل )
ﺔﻁﻴﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻟﺍ .(
٧٣
لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅﻟ ﺓﺭﺴﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻲﺤﺎﻨﻤ .
٧٤
١ - ﻤﻨ ﻲﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺏﻁﻟﺍ ﻲﺤ .
٧٤
٢ - ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﻲﺤﻨﻤﻟﺍ .
٧٨
٣ - ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻺﻟ ﻲﻔﻗﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﻲﺤﻨﻤﻟﺍ .
٨٣
٤ - ﻲﻠﻤﺎﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻲﺌﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻲﺤﻨﻤﻟﺍ .
٨٥
) ٢ ( ﺍ ﺔ ﻨ ﻴﻧ ﺄ ﻤ ﻄ ﺍﺔ ﻴ ﺴ ﻔ ﻨ ٨٨ ﻟ
ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ .
٩٠
) ﺃ ( ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ .
٩٠
) ﺏ ( ﺡﻼﻁﺼﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ )
ﺱﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ (.
٩١
ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻌﺒﺃ .
٩٤
ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤ .
٩٦
ﻊﺒﺎﺘ - ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺤﻤﻟﺍ
ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻟﺍ
ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ ﺹﺌﺎﺼﺨ .
٩٧
ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻭﻌﻤ .
٩٨
ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﺏﻴﻟﺎﺴﺃ .
٩٩
لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺩﻨﻋ ﻲﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﻤﻷﺎﺒ ﺭﻭﻌﺸﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﺁ .
١٠٠
ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﺀﻭﻀ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻟ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﺠﻟﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ .
١٠٣
١ - ﻲﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ .
١٠٣
٢ - ﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ
. ١٠٤
) ٣ ( ﺎﺌ ﺘ ﻛ ﻻﺍ ١٠٨ ﺏ
ﺭﻭﺼﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍ .
١٠٨
ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ .
١١١
) ﺃ ( ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍ .
١١١
) ﺏ ( ﻲﻓ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍ ﺡﻼﻁﺼﻻﺍ
) ﺱﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ (.
١١٢
) ﺝ ( ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﺍ ﺔﻟﻭﻔﻁﻟﺍ
. ١١٥
ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸ ﺏﺌﺘﻜﻤﻟﺍ
. ١١٦
ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍ ﺽﺍﺭﻋﺃ .
١١٧
١ - ﺔﻴﻨﺍﺩﺠﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺎﺌﺘﻜﺍ ﺽﺍﺭﻋﺃ .
١١٨
٢ - ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻜﻴﺴ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨ ﺽﺍﺭﻋﺃ .
١١٩
٣ - ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻴﺴﻓ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺠ ﺽﺍﺭﻋﺃ .
١٢٢
٤ - ﺔﻴﻜﻭﻠﺴ ﺽﺍﺭﻋﺃ .
١٢٤
ﺽﺍﺭﻏﻷﺍ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻟﺍ
ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺎﺒ ﺩﻨﻋ
لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ .
١٢٨
ﻊﺒﺎﺘ - ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺤﻤﻟﺍ
ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻟﺍ
ﺏﺎﺒﺴﺃ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍ
. ١٣٠
لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﻱﺩﻟ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺎﺒ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﻷﺍ .
١٣٩
ﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍ ﺭﻴﺴﻔﺘ ﻟﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﺕﺎﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺽﻌﺒ ل
ﺱﻔﻨ . ١٤١
١ - ﻲﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ .
١٤١
٢ - ﺔﻴﻜﻭﻠﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍ .
١٤٢
٣ - ﺔﻴﻓﺭﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍ .
١٤٣
٤ - ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻼﻟ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻴﻤﻴﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻟﻭﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍ .
١٤٥
٥ - ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺱﺄﻴﻟﺍ
ﺯﺠﻌﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ .
١٤٦
٦ - ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻌﻔﻨﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻼﻘﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍ .
١٤٦
٧ - ﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺴﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻴ .
١٤٧
- ﺕﺎﻴﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺏﻴﻘﻌﺘﻟﺍ .
١٤٨
ﺔﻟﻭﻔﻁﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤ ﻲﻓ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺯﻟ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻨﻴﻠﻜﻹﺍ ﺭﻭﺼﻟﺍ .
١٤٨
ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍ ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘ .
١٤٩
١ - ﺏﺒﺴﻟﺍ ﺏﺴﺤ ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘﻟﺍ .
١٤٩
٢ - ﺽﺍﺭﻋﻷﺍ ﺏﺴﺤ ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘﻟﺍ .
١٥٢
٣ - ﺭﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺽﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻴﺴﻤ ﺏﺴﺤ ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ
. ١٥٢
٤ - ﺭﺸﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻟﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘﻟﺍ .
١٥٤
٥ - ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻜﻴﺭﻤﻷﺍ
ﻊﺒﺍﺭﻟﺍ . ١٥٥
لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﻱﺩﻟ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﺃ .
١٥٦
ﺎﻴ ﻧ ﺎﺛ : ﺔﻘ ﺑ ﺎﺴ ﻟ ﺍ ﺎﺳ ﺍ ﺭﺪ ﻟ ١٥٧ ﺍ
ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﻌﺒﻭ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﺕﻟﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ .
١٥٨
ﻊﺒﺎﺘ - ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺤﻤﻟﺍ
ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻟﺍ
ﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﺕﻟﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﺘﻗﻼﻋﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤﻟ
. ١٧١
ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﺘﻗﻼﻋﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﺕﻟﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ .
١٧٥
ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺔﺜﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺏﻴﻘﻌﺘ .
١٧٧
ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺽﻭﺭﻓ .
١٨١
ﺚﻟ ﺎ ﺜ ﻟ ﻞ ﺼﻔ ﻟ ﺍ : ﻭ ﺞ ﻬ ﻣﺔ ﺳ ﺍﺭ ﺪﻟ ﺍ ﺕﺍ ء ﺍﺮ ﺟ ﺇ
ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤ .
١٨٢
ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻋﻭ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤ .
١٨٢
ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺱﻴﻴﺎﻘﻤ .
١٨٣
) ﺃ ( ﺔﺴﺭﺍﺩﻟﺍ ﺱﻴﻴﺎﻘﻤ ﻑﺼﻭ .
١٨٣
١ - ﻪﻟﺎﻤﻫﺇﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﺒﻟﺍ لﻔﻁﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻤ .
١٨٣
٢ - ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻤ .
١٨٤
٣ - لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻤ .
١٨٥
) ﺏ ( ﺔﺴﺭﺍﺩﻟﺍ ﺱﻴﻴﺎﻘﻤ ﻕﺩﺼ .
١٨٦
١ - ﻱﺭﻫﺎﻅﻟﺍ ﻕﺩﺼﻟﺍ .
١٨٦
٢ - ﻲﺘﺍﺫﻟﺍ ﻕﺩﺼﻟﺍ .
١٨٦
٣ - ﻱﺯﻴﻤﺘﻟﺍ ﻕﺩﺼﻟﺍ .
١٨٦
٤ - ﻲﻠﺨﺍﺩﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﺴﺘﻻﺍ ﻕﺩﺼ .
١٨٨
) ﺝ ( ﺱﻴﻴﺎﻘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺜ .
١٩٤
) ﺩ ( ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻕﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ
. ١٩٥
ﺎﺴﻤﺎﺨ : ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺼﺤﻹﺍ ﺔﺠﻟﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ .
١٩٧
ﻊﺒﺎﺘ - ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺤﻤﻟﺍ
ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻟﺍ
ﻊﺑ ﺍ ﺮ ﻟ ﻞ ﺼﻔ ﻟ ﺍ : ﺎ ﻫﲑ ﺴ ﻔ ﻭ ﺔ ﺳﺍ ﺭ ﺪ ﺍ ﺞ ﺋ ﺎ ﺘ ﻧ
لﻭﻷﺍ ﺽﺭﻔﻟﺍ .
١٩٨
ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺽﺭﻔﻟﺍ .
١٩٩
ﺍ ﺙﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺽﺭﻔﻟ .
٢٠١
ﻊﺒﺍﺭﻟﺍ ﺽﺭﻔﻟﺍ .
٢٠٢
ﺲﻣ ﺎ ﳋ ﺍ ﻞ ﺼ ﻔ ﻟ ﺍ : ﺕ ﺎ ﻴ ﺻ ﺘ ﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺳﺍ ﺭ ﺪﻟ ﺍ ﺋﺎ ﺘ ﻧ ﺺ ﺨﻠ ﻣ
ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﻟﺍ ﺹﺨﻠﻤ .
٢٠٥
ﺕﺎﻴﺼﻭﺘﻟﺍ .
٢٠٦
ﺔﺤﺭﺘﻘﻤﻟﺍ ﺙﻭﺤﺒﻟﺍ .
٢٠٨
ﻭ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﻤﻟﺍ
. ٢٠٩
ﻕﺤﻼﻤﻟﺍ .
٢٢٨
لﻭﺍﺩﺠﻟﺍ
ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻟﺍ
١ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺱﻴﻴﺎﻘﻤﻟ ﻱﺯﻴﻤﺘﻟﺍ ﻕﺩﺼﻟﺍ
.
٢ ﻪﻟﺎﻤﻫﺇﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﺒﻟﺍ لﻔﻁﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻤﻟ ﻲﻠﺨﺍﺩﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﺴﺘﻻﺍ ﻕﺩﺼ
.
٣ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻤﻟ ﻲﻠﺨﺍﺩﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﺴﺘﻻﺍ ﻕﺩﺼ
.
٤ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻤﻟ ﻲﻠﺨﺍﺩﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﺴﺘﻻﺍ ﻕﺩﺼ
.
٥ ﺔﻴﻋﻼﻁﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻟ ﺕﺎﺒﺜﻟﺍ لﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﻡﻴﻗ
.
٦ ﻌﻗﺍﻭﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﺘﺒﻻﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻗﺭﺃ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﺒﻟﺎﻁ ﺩﺩﻋﻭ ﺎﻬ
.
٧ ﻕﻴﺒﻁﺘﻟﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻋﻭ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤ ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘ .
١٩٦
٨ ﺔـﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎـﺴﺇ ﻥﻴـﺒ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺼﺤﻹﺍ ﻪﺘﻟﻻﺩﻭ ﻥﻭﺴﺭﻴﺒ ﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﻻﺍ لﻤﺎﻌﻤ
ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍﻭ ﻡﻟ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻺﻟ ﻥﻀﺭﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ
ﺎﻬﻟ ﻥﻀﺭﻌﺘﻴ .
١٩٨
٩ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺼﺤﻹﺍ ﻪﺘﻟﻻﺩﻭ ﻥﻭﺴﺭﻴﺒ ﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﻻﺍ لﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺔـﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎـﺴﺇ ﻥﻴـﺒ
ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻟ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻺﻟ ﻥﻀﺭﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ
ﺎﻬﻟ ﻥﻀﺭﻌﺘﻴ .
١٩٩
ﺭﺎﺒﺘﺨﺍ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨ ١٠ )
ﺕ ( T-test
ﻥﻴـﺒ ﺏﺎـﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍ ﺕﺎـﺠﺭﺩ ﻁـﺴﻭﺘﻤ ﻲﻓ
ﺎﻬﻟ ﻥﻀﺭﻌﺘﻴ ﻡﻟ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻺﻟ ﻥﻀﺭﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍ ٢٠١ .
ﺭﺎﺒﺘﺨﺍ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨ ١١ )
ﺕ ( T-test ﻥﻴـﺒ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄــﻤﻁﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـﺠﺭﺩ ﻁـﺴﻭﺘﻤ ﻲﻓ
ﺎﻬﻟ ﻥﻀﺭﻌﺘﻴ ﻡﻟ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻺﻟ ﻥﻀﺭﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍ ٢٠٣ .
ﻕﺤﻼﻤﻟﺍ
ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻟﺍ
١ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻤ .
٢٢٨
٢ ﻪﻟﺎﻤﻫﺇﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﺒﻟﺍ لﻔﻁﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻤ .
٢٣٥
٣ ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻨﻘﻤﻟﺍ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻤ ﺔﻴﺩﻭﻌﺴﻟﺍ
. ٢٤٠
·
·
·
·
·
·
ﻝﻭ ﻷ ﺍ ﺼﻔ ﻟ ﺍ : ﻞ ﺧ ﺪ ﻣ ﱃ ﺇ ﺔﺳ ﺍ ﺭﺪ ﻟ ﺍ
- ﻤﺩﻘﻤ ﺔ : ﻨﻹﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻟﺍ ﻡﺎـﻅﺘﻨﺎﺒ ﺏﻗﺎﻌﺘﺘ ﺔﻴﺭﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻠﺤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺴ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴ
ﻥﻨـﺴ ﻕـﻓﻭ ،
ﺎﻬﻨ ﻰﺘﺤﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﺍﺩﺒ ﺫﻨﻤ ،ﺔﻤﻜﺤﻤ ﺎﻬﺘﻴ
. ﻩﺫﻫ لﻭﺃﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻠﺤﻟﺍ
، ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺎﻫﺭﺜﻜﺃ لﺒ
ﺔﻟﻭﻔﻁﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤ .
ﺭﻴﻐﺼﻟﺍ ﻲﻟﺇ ﻭﺃ ،لﻔﻁﻟﺍ ﻲﻟﺇ ﺎﻬﻗﺎﻘﺘﺸﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻟﻭﻔﻁﻟﺍ ﺏﺴﻨﺘﻭ .
ﻲـﻠﻋ ﺭﺎﻐﺼﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍﻭ ،ﻑﻌﻀﻟﺎﺒ ﻑﺼﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ،ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﺔﻟﻭﻔﻁﻠﻟﻭ
ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺭﺍﺭﻤﺘﺴﻻﺍﻭ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻠﻁﺘﻤ ﺭﻴﻓﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺎﺒﻜﻟﺍ .
ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ لﻔﻁﻟﺍ ﻊﺴﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺱﻴﻟ ﺫﺇ
ﻤ ﻭﻤﻨﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﻤﺘـﺴﺍﻭ ﻩﺩﻭـﺠﻭﻟ ﻱﺭﻭﺭﻀﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻙﻟﺫﻟ ، ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺀﺎﻘﻠﺘ ﻥ
ﻥـﻤ ﻪـﻴﻟﺇ ﺝﺎـﺘﺤﻴ ﺎﻤ لﻜ لﺫﺒﺒ ﻪﻟﻭﺤ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻭﺩﺸﺍﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻥﺃ ، ﻡﻴﻠﺴﻟﺍ ﻩﻭﻤﻨﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﺤ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺕﺎﻴﺎﻨﻋ ).
،ﻱﺩﻨﻬﻟﺍ ٢٠٠٠
ﻡ (.
ﻥﻤﻭ ﺃ ﺍﺫﻫ لﺠ ﺕﺤﺒﺼﺃ
ﺩـﻬﻌﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍﻭ ، ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺓﺍﻭﻨﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺓﺭﺴﻷﺍ
ﺀﻑﺩﺒ لﻔﻁﻟﺍ ﺎﻤﻷﺍﻭ ﺏﺤﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺎﻋﺭﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ
ﻥ ﺏـﺸﻴ ﻰـﺘﺤ ﺓﺭﻓﺎـﻅﺃ ﻪﻤﻭﻌﻨ ﺫﻨﻤ ،
ﻠﻋ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﻴﻭ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻟﺍ ﺏﻭﺭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﻕﻼﻁﻨﻻﺍﻭ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻲ
لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻟﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻟﺫﻭ ،
ﺎﻬﺘﺭﻭﻠﺒﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﻴﺼﺨﺸ ﺞﻀﻨ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺩﻋﺎﺴﻴ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﻡﻬﻟﺎﻔﻁﺃﻭ ﻥﻴﺩﻟﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺭﻤﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺴﻷﺍ ﻭ ﹰﺎﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺍ لﻭﺒﻘﻤ ﺭﺎﻁﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻬﻅﺇ .
ﻙﻟﺫﻟﻭ ﺭﺎﺸﺃ
ﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻉﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍﻭ ﺱﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻋ لﻔﻁﻟﺍ ﻭﻤﻨ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﺴﻷ
ﻕﺭـﻁ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻟﺫﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﻬﻤﺃﻭ ﻡﻬﺌﺎﺒﺁﻭ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻲﻠﻋﻭ ﻩﺭﻭﻁﺘﻭ ﻟﺎﻔﻁﻷ ﺎﻬﺘﺌﺸﻨﺘ ﻡﻬﻟ ﺎﻬﺘﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺏﻴﻟﺎﺴﺃﻭ ﺎﻬ
"
)
،ﻱﻭﺎﻨﻗ ﺏ
. ﺕ : ٨٣ .(
ﺭـﻜﺫ ﺩﻘﻟﻭ )
،ﻲـﻠﻋ
١٩٩٢ ﻡ
: ٣٧ ( ﺃ ﻭﺃ ﻥﻴﺩﻟﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻥ ﺃ
ﻥـﻤ ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﺔﺌﺸﻨﺘ ﻕﺭﻁﻭ ﺏﻴﻟﺎﺴﺃ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﻴ ﺩﻗ ﺎﻤﻫﺩﺤ
ﻼﺨ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺭﺎﻁﺇ ل ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ
. ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺒﻠـﺴ ﺏﻴﻟﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺇ
ﺔـﻴﺒﺎﺠﻴ
ﺔﻠﺨﺍﺩﺘﻤﻭ ﺔﻋﻭﻨﺘﻤ ﻡﻬﻔﻴـﻜﺘ ﺏﻴﻟﺎﺴﺃﻭ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸ ﻥﻴﻭﻜﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻤﺎﻫ ﻪﻨﺎﻜﻤ لﺘﺤﺘﻭ ،
ﺩﻌﺒ ﻡﻫﺩﻻﻭﻷ ﻡﻬﺘﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺩﺩﺠﻤ ﺭﻬﻅﺘﻟ ﻡﻬﻴﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺜﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻟﺍ ﻰﻘﺒﺘﻭ .
ﻲﻫ لﻔﻁﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇﻭ ﺃ
ﺘﻟﺍ ﺏﻴﻟﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺩﺤ ﻬﻟﺎﻔﻁﺃ ﻊﻤ ﻥﻴﺩﻟﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﺎﻌﺒﺘﻴ ﻲ
ﺎﻤ ،
ﺔـﻴﻭﺒﺭﺘ ﺕﺍﺩﻘﺘﻌﻤ ﺕﺤﺘ ﺱﺭﺎﻤﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺩﻟﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺏﻴﻟﺎﺴﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺯﺠ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻹﺎﻓ لﻔﻁﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇﻭ ﺔﺌﺸﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺏﻴﻟﺎﺴﺃ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻁﻠﺨﻟﺎﻜ ﺔﺌﻁﺎﺨ ).
،ﺔﻴﻨﺍﺩﺒﻟﺍ ٢٠٠١
ﻡ : ٣ ( ﻲﻔﻓ
ﺭﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ )
١٩٩٧ ﻡ : ٨٠ ( ﺔﺒﺴﻨ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻬﻅ ٢٣.١
% ﻉﻭـﻗﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺒﺴﻟﺍ ﺩﻭﻌﻴ
ﻴﺒﺭﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻟﺇ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻹﺍﻭ ﻑﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺒـﺴﻨﻭ ،ﺏـﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﻴﺩﺄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔ
١٧.٣ %
لﺯﻨﻤﻟﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ ﻱﺭﺨﺃ ﺕﻼﻜﺸﻤ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻲﻟﺇ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻹﺍ ﻉﺎﻘﻴﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺒﺴﻟﺍ ﺩﻭﻌﻴ ﻡﻬﻨﻤ .
ﺎـﻬﻨﻤ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﺘ ﺔﻴﻤﻟﺎﻋ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﻥﺃ ﺔﺜﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺘ ﺍﺫﻟ
،ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﻌﻟﺍ ﺎﻤﻜ
ﺎﻬـﺴﻔﻨ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﺩﻗ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻗ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﺕـﻟﺎﻨ ﺩـﻗﻭ ،
ﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺕﺤﻀﻭﺃ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺱﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ لﺎﺠﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﻤﻭ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺕﻻﺎﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺜﺤﺎﺒ
ﺔﺠﺘﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﺴﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺜﻵﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻋ
لﻔﻁﻠﻟ ﻲﻨﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﻘﻌﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻥ
؛ ﺭﺎﺜﻵﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻤﻭ
ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻜ ﻕﻠﻘﻟﺍﻭ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍﻭ ﻲﻨﺍﻭﺩﻌﻟﺍ ﻙﻭﻠﺴﻟﺍ (Geri& Dana,١٩٩٣)
ﺕﻠﺼﻭﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ
ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺌﻁﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﻟﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺏﻴﻟﺎﺴﺃ ﻥﺇ ﻲﻟﺇ ﻡﺩـﻋﻭ لﺎـﻤﻫﻹﺍﻭ ﺽﻓﺭﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ
ﻱﺩـﻟ ﻲﻨﺍﻭﺩـﻌﻟﺍ ﻙﻭﻠﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍﻭ ﻕﻠﻘﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻜ ﻊﻤ ﻪﺒﺠﻭﻤ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﺒ ﻁﺒﺘﺭﺘ ﺓﻻﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ) .
،ﺭﺩﺒ ٢٠٠١
،ﻡ ٤٣ (.
ﹰﺎﻗﻭﻘﺤ ﻪﻟ ﺕﻠﻌﺠﻓ لﻔﻁﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺭﺸﻟﺍ ﺕﻴﻨﻋ ﺩﻘﻟﻭ ﻪﺘﻴﺎﻤﺤ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺕﻠﻤﻋﻭ
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺔﻅﻓﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﻪﺘﺩﻻﻭ ﻰﺘﺤﻭ ﻪﻤﺃ ﻥﻁﺒ ﻲﻓ ﹰﺎﻨﻴﻨﺠ ﻪﻨﻭﻜ ﺫﻨﻤ
؛ ﺙﻴﺤ ﹰﺎـﻗﻭﻘﺤ ﻪـﺘﺤﻨﻤ
ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤ ﻔﻜﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻡﺎﻜﺤﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻟ ﺕﻋﺭﺸﻭ
ﻩﻭﻤﻨ ﺭﺍﺭﻤﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﻩﺀﺎﻘﺒﻭ ﻩﺭﺍﺭﻤﺘﺴﺍ ل ﺕﺒﺠﻭﺃﻭ ،
ﻕﻓﺭﻭ ﺔﻓﺃﺭﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﺴﺤ لﻔﻁﻟﺍ ﻕﻭﻘﺤ ﻥﻤﻀ ﻥﻤﻭ ،ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻱﺩﺘﻌﻴ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺔﺒﻭﻘﻋ ﻡﻬﺒﻴﺩﺄـﺘﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﻴﺒﺭـﺘ ﻲـﻓ لﺜﻤﻷﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺘﺒﺍﻭ ﻡﻬﺒﻴﺩﺄﺘﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﻴﺎﻤﺤﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﻴﺎﻋﺭﻭ ﻡﻬﺒ ﻡﻬﻴﺠﻭﺘﻭ ).
،ﺩﻭﻌﺴ لﺁ ٢٠٠٥
ﻡ : ١٥٤ - ١٥٧ ( . ﺩﻗﻭ ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺫﺒﻨ ﺍ
ﺔـﻓﺎﻜﺒ ﻯﺫﻷﺍﻭ ﻑﻨﻌﻟ
ﺭﻭﺼﻟﺍ ﻪﻋﺍﻭﻨﺃﻭ
ﺔﻔﻴﺭﺸﻟﺍ ﺙﻴﺩﺎﺤﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﻴﺭﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺁﺭﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻵﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻟﺍ ﺩﺠﻭﻴ ﺙﻴﺤ ،
ﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﺭﺸﻟﺍ ﻯﻭﺎﺘﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﻟﺎـﻌﺘ ﻪﻟﻭﻘﻟ ﻙﻟﺫ ﺯﺍﻭﺠ ﻡﺩﻋ ﺢﻀﻭﺘ ﻲ
: M 3 2 1 0
K 87 6 5 4 L
) ﻥﺍﺭﻤﻋ لﺁ :
١٥٩ .(
ﻠﻋ ﷲﺍ ﻲﻠﺼ ﷲﺍ لﻭﺴﺭﻟﺍ لﺎﻗﻭ ﺔﻴ
ﻲﻘﻬﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻩﺍﻭﺭ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﻡﻠﺴﻭ "
،ﻕـﻓﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻬﻴـﻠﻋ لﺨﺩﺍ ﹰﺍﺭﻴﺨ ﺕﻴﺒ لﻫﺄﺒ ﻲﻟﺎﻌﺘ ﷲﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺃ ﻥﺇ
ﹰﺎـﻘﻠﺨ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻭﻟ ﻑﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﺍﻭ ، ﻪﻨﻤ ﻥﺴﺤﺃ ﹰﺎﻘﻠﺨ ﺱﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻱﺃﺭ ﺎﻤﻟ ﹰﺎﻘﻠﺨ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻭﻟ ﻕﻓﺭﻟﺍ ﻥﺇﻭ ﻪﻨﻤ ﺢﺒﻗﺃ ﹰﺎﻘﻠﺨ ﺱﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻱﺃﺭ ﺎﻤﻟ )"
، ﻥﺍﻭﻠﻋ ٢٠٠٥
ﻡ : ٣٧ (
ﻁ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﺜﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺱﺎﺴﺤﻹ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻨﻭ ﺕﺎﻅﺤﻼﻤﻟﺍ ﻕﻴﺭ
ﺓﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻏﻭ ﺓﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ )
ﺔﻴﻤﻼﻋﻹﺍ ﺓﺯﻬﺠﻷﺍﻭ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺎﺒ ﻙﺎﻜﺘﺤﻻﺍ (
، ﻥﺃ ﺕﺃﺭ ﺙﻴﺤ
ﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻌﻴﺒﻁﻟﺍ ﺭﺴﻷﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﺍﺩـﻟﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺵﻴﻌﻴ ﻲ
ﺱﺭﺎـﻤﻴ ﺩـﻗ ،
ﻭﺃ ﻥﺍﺩﻟﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﺤﺃ
لﺎﻤﻫﻹﺍﻭ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻹﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺎﻤﻫﺩ .
ﺔـﻴﺒﺭﻐﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍﻭ
ﺕﻨﻴﺎﺒﺘﻭ ﺕﺩﺩﻌﺘ ﻭﻤ لﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻲﻓ
ﺔﻴﻨﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻹﺍ ﻉﻭﻀ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍﻭ ﺙﺎﺤﺒﻷﺍ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ،
لﺎـﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻥﺃ ﺔﺜﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺘ ﻙﻟﺫﻟ ، ﺔﻠﻴﻠﻗ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﻌﺼﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻪﺠﺎﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺙﻭﺤﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﺯﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻟﺇ
. ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﺘ ﺎﻬﻠﻌﺠ ﺎﻤﻤ
،ﻱﺩﻭﻌﺴﻟﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺩﻟﺍﻭﻟﺍ لﺎﻤﻫﻹﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻟﺫﻭ
ﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴـﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔ
ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍﻭ .
- ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤ ﺎﻬﺘﻻﺅﺎﺴﺘﻭ
:
ﻴﺒﻠﺘ ﻡﺩﻋﻭ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﺘ ﺔ
ﺔﻴـﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍﻭ ﺔـﻴﻨﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﺠﺎﺤ
ﻲﻨﺎـﻌﻴ لﺍﺯـﺘ ﻻﻭ ﺕﻨﺎﻋ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﻜﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ
، ﺭﺘﻌﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺔﺤﻀﺍﻭ ﻥﻜﺘ ﻡﻟ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻜﻟﻭ ﻲـﻓ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻑ
ﻩﺫـﻫ ﻥـﻋ ﺙﺩـﺤﺘﺘ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻟﺍ ﺕﺃﺩﺒ ﺙﻴﺤ ،ﻡﻭﻴﻟﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻕﺒﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﺠﺈـﺒ ﻡﻭـﻘﺘﻭ ﺓﺭﻫﺎـﻅﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻡﺠﺤ ﻲﻟﺇ ﺭﻴﺸﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺌﺎﺼﺤﻹﺍ ﺯﺭﺒﺘﻭ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﺎـﻬﺒ ﺔـﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤﻟﺍ لـﻤﺍﻭﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﺒﺎﺒﺴﺃ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻑﺭﻌﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﺼﺼﺨﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺙﻭﺤﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻤ لﻤﺎﻌﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﺒﺴﺎﻨﻤﻟﺍ لﻭﻠﺤﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﺠﻴﺇ ﻑﺩﻬﺒ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺜﺃﻭ ﺎﻬﻌ
.
ﺔـﺴﺍﺭﺩﻜ لﺎـﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺫـﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺼﺼﺨﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺕﺭﻬﻅﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ
ﺱﻴﻠﻴﺠﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﻴﺘﺴ ١٩٨٠
ﻡ ) Staurt and Gelles (
ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺭﻬﻅﺃ ﺭﺎـﺸﺘﻨﺍ لﺩﻌﻤ
ﻲﻠﻋ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺩﻀ ﻑﻨﻌﻟﺍ ٢١٤٣
لﺠﺴ ،ﺹﺨﺸ ٥٨
% ﻡﻭـﻘﻴ ﻥـﻤ ،ﻡﻬﻨـﻤ
ﻭ ، ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺃ ﻡﻬﻟﺎﻔﻁﺃ ﻭﺤﻨ ﻑﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﺽﻌﺒﺒ ﺃ
ﻥ ٧١ % ﻓ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻟﺫﺒ ﺍﻭﻤﺎﻗ ﺎﻤ ﺓﺭﺘ
ﻡﻬﺌﺎﻨﺒﺃ ﺔﻟﻭﻔﻁﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺃ .
ﺕـﺴﻴﻟ ﻡﻬﻟﺎﻤﻫﺇﻭ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻟﺇ
ﺀﺍﺭـﻘﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﻴﻨﻏﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺓﺩﻭﺠﻭﻤ ﻲﻫ لﺒ ﺱﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﻌﻤ ﺔﺌﻓ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﺼﺘﻘﻤ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ﺩﺤ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻥﻴﻤﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻏﻭ ﻥﻴﻤﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒﻭ
، ﺎﻤﻜ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﺱﺎـﻨﺠﻷﺍ لﻜ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺭﻬﻅﺘ
ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺩﻟﺍﻭ ﻕﺍﺭﻋﻷﺍﻭ ).
ﺩﺒﻋ ﷲﺍ ، ٢٠٠٠ ﻡ : ٩٠ (.
ﻭ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻑﺍﺭﻋﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﹰﺎﻓﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺭﻴﺜﻜﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺔﺜﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻕﻔﺘﺘ
ﻲﻟﺇ ﻪﺘﺭﻅﻨ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺼ ﺔﻓﺎﻜ
ﺭﻭﺼﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﻤ ﻲﻠﻋ لﺎﻔﻁﻸﻟ ﺀﺍﺫﻴﺇ
ﻥﺎﻤﺯﻷﺍﻭ .
ﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺫﺒﻨ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﻪﻟﺎﻜﺸﺄﺒ ﻱﺭﺴﻷﺍ ﻑﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻡ
، ﻲـﻓ ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻕﺒﺴ ﺎﻤﻜ
ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﻋﺩﻟﺍ ﻙﻟﺫ ﺫـﺒﻨ لﻭـﺤ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻀﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻱﺩﺎﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ
لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺀﺍﺫﻴﺇ .
ﻭ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻲـﺘﻟﺍ لﺎـﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺀﺍﺫﻴﺇ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺎﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﺔﺒﻭﻌﺼﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ
ﺓﺭـﺴﻷﺍ ﺎـﻬﻬﺠﺍﻭﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﻜﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﺃ ﺩﺤﺄﻜ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻬﺠﺍﻭﺘ ﺕﺘﺎﺒ
،
ﺨﺍﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺩﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻑﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺼ ﺩﺤﺄﻜﻭ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻟﺍ ﺱﻔﻨﺒ ﹰﺎﻤﻴﺩﻗ ﺙﺩﺤﺘ ﺎﻬﻠ
ﻡﺃ ﺃ ﻡـﺘ ﺩـﻗ ﻪﻨ
ﻲﻓ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺩﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻠﻟ ﹰﺍﺭﻅﻨ ﺎﻬﻟ ﺢﻀﻭﺃ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﻟ لﺼﻭﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻭﻌﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﻼﻜﺸﻤﻭ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺎﺒ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺎﺒ ﺹﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻟﺍ ﻕﻭـﻌﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻥـﻜﻤﻴ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ
ﻡﻫﺭﻭﻁﺘﻭ ﻡﻫﻭﻤﻨ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺴﻷﺍ ﺕﻼﻜﺸﻤﻟﺎﺒ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻭﺃ ،
ﻲﻓ ﺔﺒﻘﻋ ﻑﻘﺘ
ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ لﺒﻴﺴ ﻥﺃ ﻭﺃ ،
لﺎـﺠﻤ ﻲـﻓ ﻲـﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺊﺸﺎﻨ ﻙﻟﺫ
ﻼﻜﺸﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﺃ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻴ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕ
ﻓﺍﻭـﺘ ﻲﻟﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻹﺎﺒ ، ﺭ
ﻙﻟﺫ لﻜ ﻲﻠﻋ لﺩﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺤﻹﺍ
، ﻡﺃ ﺃ ﻲـﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﻋﺩـﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﺍﺯﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺯﺭﺒ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﻪﻨ
ﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻭ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﻕﻭﻘﺤﺒ ﻱﺩﺎﻨﺘ ﻡﻬﻨﻭﺅﺸﺒ ﻡﺘﻬﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻅ
ﺭـﺒﺇ ﻲﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺃ ﺎﻤﻤ ، ﺯﺍ
ﺕﺎـﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﺎـﻬﻨﻤ ﻲﻨﺎـﻌﺘ ﻲـﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﻜـﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻯﺩﺤﺈﻜ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ).
،ﺩﻭﻌـﺴ لﺁ
٢٠٠٥ ﻡ
: ٣٤ - ٣٥ (
ﻭ ﻴﻭﺒﺭﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺕﻼﻜﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﺘ ـ
ﺔ
ﺩﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺎﻬﻟ ﺽﺭﻌﺘﻴ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ
ﺕﺎـﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﻥـﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﻴﻭﺫﻭ ﻡﻬﻴ ،
ﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻋ ﺩﻴﻌﺒ ﻱﺩﻭﻌﺴﻟﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﺱﻴﻟﻭ ﺔﻠﻜ
، ﺙﻴﺤ ﺕﺎـﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺽـﻌﺒ ﺕﺭﺎﺸﺃ
ﺭﻴﺭﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻟﺍ
ﻰﻟﺇ ﺤ ﺭﻭﻬﻅ ـ
ﺴﺇ ﺕﻻﺎ ـ
ـﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﻋ ﺓﺀﺎ ـ
،ﻱﺩﻭﻌـﺴﻟﺍ ﻊ
ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻲﻓﻭ )
ﺩﻭﻌﺴ لﺁ
، ٢٠٠٥ ﻡ : ٣٧٣ ( ﺓﺀﺎـﺴﺇ ﻉﺍﻭـﻨﺃ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻟﺇ ﺔﺜﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﺸﺃ
ﺔﻴﻨﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻺﻟ ﻥﻴﻀﺭﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺔﺒﺴﻨ ﻲﻫ ﻥﻭﺴﺭﺎﻤﻤﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻌﻤ لﻤﺎﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ
٩١.٥ % ﺎﺤ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻴﻭ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﺒ لﺎﻤﻫﻺﻟ ﻥﻴﻀﺭﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺕﻻ
٨٧.٣ % ﺕﻻﺎـﺤ ﻡـﺜ
ﻉﻭﻨ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺜﻜﻷ ﻥﻭﻀﺭﻌﺘﻴ ﻥﻤ ﻡﺜ،ﻲﺴﻨﺠﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺫﻴﻹﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻴﻭ ﻲﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺫﻴﻹﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻹﺍ ﻥﻤ
،
ﺀﺍﺫﻴﻹﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻊﻗﻭ ﺩﻗ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻟﺎﻏ ﺕﻨﺎﻜﻭ لﺒﻗ ﻥﻤ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﻲﻠﻋ
ﺃ ﻥﻴﺩﻟﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﺩﺤ ﻲـﻓ ،
ﻬﻓ ﻙﻠﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻔﺸﺘﺴﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺭﺩﺎﺼ ﺭﻭﺸﻨﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﻴﺭﻘﺘ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻴﺤ ﻲﻨﻁﻭـﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺤﻠﻟ ﺩ
ﻥﻴﻤﺎـﻌﻟﺍ لﻼـﺨ ﺀﺍﺫﻴﻺﻟ ﻥﻴﻀﺭﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺤ ﺩﺩﻋ ﺀﺎﺼﺤﺇ لﻭﺤ ١٩٩٤
ﻡ -
١٩٩٥ ﻡ
ﻲـﻓ ﻲﻔـﺸﺘﺴﻤﻠﻟ ﻥﻴﻌﺠﺍﺭﻤﻟﺍ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺍﺫﻴﻺﻟ ﻡﻬﻀﺭﻌﺘ ﻑﺸﺘﻜﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺄﺒ
ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ١٩٩٤ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﺒ لﺎﻔﻁﺃ ﺔﻌﺒﺴ ﻡﻫﺩﺩﻋ ﻎﻠﺒ ﻡ ٢١
% ﻥﻴـﻀﺭﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﺃ ﻉﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻥﻤ
ﻷ ﺯ ﻲﻔﺸﺘﺴﻤﻠﻟ ﻥﻴﻌﺠﺍﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﺴﺃ ﺕﺎﻤ ﺒ ﺎﻤﻜ ،
ﺔﺒـﺴﻨﺒ ﻱﺃ لﺎﻔﻁﺃ ﺓﺭﺸﻋ ﻡﻫﺩﺩﻋ ﻎﻠ
٢٠ % ﻡﺎـﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻔﺸﺘﺴﻤﻠﻟ ﻥﻴﻌﺠﺍﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﺴﺃ ﺕﺎﻤﺯﻻ ﻥﻴﻀﺭﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻉﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻥﻤ
١٩٩٥ ﺸﺅﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﺤﺍ ﻙﻟﺫ ﺩﻌﻴﻭ ﻡ
ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺔﻟﺍﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭ
ﺩـﺒ ﺎـﻨﻫ ﻥﻤﻭ ، ﺍ
ﻥﻴﻴﺩﻭﻌﺴﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺜﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﺎـﻫﺭﻁﺎﺨﻤ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺀﻭﻀﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻘﻟﺇﻭ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﻟﻭﺎﻨﺘ
.
ﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﻟﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺕ
ﺕﻴﺭﺠﺃ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻜﻠﻤﻤﻟﺎﺒ
ﺔﻴﺩﻭﻌﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻟﺍ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ
ﻱﺩـﻟ ﺏﺎـﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴـﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻜﻴ ﻡﻟ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﻌﺒﺒ ﺎﻬﺘﻗﻼﻋﻭ ﻱﺩﻟﺍﻭﻟﺍ لﺎﻤﻫﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻺﻟ ﺍﻭﻀﺭﻌﺘ ﻥﻴﺫﻟﺍ لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ .
ﻙـﻟﺫ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻭ ﻲﺘﺄـﺘ
ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﻭﺎﺤﻤﻟ ﻱﺩﻭﻌﺴﻟﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻬﺠﻼﻋ
ﻭ ﺎ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺸﺘﻨﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺤﻟﺍ .
ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺅﺎﺴﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﻹﺍ ﺔﻟﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤ ﺹﺨﻠﺘﺘﻭ :
١ - ﻱﺩـﻟﺍﻭﻟﺍ لﺎﻤﻫﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﻥﻴﺒ ﹰﺎﻴﺌﺎﺼﺤﺇ ﺔﻟﺍﺩ ﺔﻴﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺩﺠﻭﺘ لﻫ
؟ﺔﻤﺭﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻜﻤﺒ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﺘﺒﻻﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘ ﻯﺩﻟ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍﻭ ٢ - ﺒ ﹰﺎﻴﺌﺎﺼﺤﺇ ﺔﻟﺍﺩ ﺔﻴﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺩﺠﻭﺘ لﻫ ﻱﺩـﻟﺍﻭﻟﺍ لﺎﻤﻫﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﻥﻴ
؟ﻡﺭﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻜﻤﺒ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﺘﺒﻻﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘ ﻯﺩﻟ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍﻭ ٣ - لﻫ ﻥـﻀﺭﻌﺘ ﻲـﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﺠﺭﺩ ﻁﺴﻭﺘﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻕﻭﺭﻓ ﺩﺠﻭﺘ
؟ﺎﻬﻟ ﻥﻀﺭﻌﺘﻴ ﻡﻟ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻺﻟ ٤ - ﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺠﺭﺩ ﻁﺴﻭﺘﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻕﻭﺭﻓ ﺩﺠﻭﺘ لﻫ ﻥـﻀﺭﻌﺘ ﻲﺘ
؟ﺎﻬﻟ ﻥﻀﺭﻌﺘﻴ ﻡﻟ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻺﻟ
- ﺃ ﺩﻫ ﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻑ :
ﻲﻟﺇ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻑﺩﻬﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺭﻌﺘﻟﺍ
لﺎﻤﻫﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ
ﺩﻟﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻱ لﻜﻭ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻲـﻓ ﻕﻭﺭﻔﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﻲﻟﺇ ﻑﺩﻬﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ ،
ﻜﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻜ ﺕﺎﺠﺭﺩ ﻁﺴﻭﺘﻤ ﻥـﻀﺭﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺏﺎﺌﺘ
ﺎﻬﻟ ﻥﻀﺭﻌﺘﻴ ﻡﻟ ﻲﺘﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻺﻟ .
- ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ :
لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻥﻤﻜﺘ :
) ﺃ ( ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﻷﺍ :
ﻴﻤﻫﻷﺍ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ ﻓ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻟ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﺔ
ﻲ ﻙـﻠﺘ ﻲـﻠﻋ ﺀﻭـﻀﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻘﻟﺇ ﺔﻟﻭﺎﺤﻤ
ﻱﺩﻭﻌﺴﻟﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﺎﻁﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤﻟﺍ
، ﺄﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺔـﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻡﻬﺴﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺔﺜﺤﺎﺒﻟﺍ لﻤ
ﻲـﻫﻭ ﻱﺩﻭﻌـﺴﻟﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ لﺎﺠﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻬﻤ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﺀﺍﺭﺜﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺩﺅﻴ ﺩﻗ ﺎﻤﻤ ﺏﺎﺌﺘﻜﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﻟﺍﻭﻟﺍ لﺎﻤﻫﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﻥﻴـﻤﺘﻬﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﻭﺯـﻴ ﺔـﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻟ ﻡﻬﻔﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺯ ﻲﻟﺇ ﻠﻌﻤﺒ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻹﺍ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺕﺎﻤﻭ .
) ﺏ ( ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﻷﺍ :
ﻴﻤﻫﻷﺍ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ ﻟﺍ ﺔ
ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﻲﻠﻴ ﺎﻤﻓ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻟ
:
١ - ﻵﺍ ﻩﺎﺒﺘﻨﺍ ﺕﻔﻟ ﺔﻟﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﺏـﻨﺠﺘﻭ لﺎـﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﺴ ﻲﻟﺇ ﺕﺎﻬﻤﻷﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﺒ
ﹰﻻﻭﺼﻭ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﺔﻴﺩﻭﻌﺴﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺴﻷﺍ ﻱﻭﺘﺴﻤﺒ ﺀﺎﻘﺘﺭﻻﺍ ﻲﻟﺇ
.
٢ - ﻔﺘ ﺩﻗ ﺔﻠﺼﺤﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺩـﻌﻴ ﻲـﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺎـﺸﺭﻹﺍ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻭ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻴ
ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﺭﺩﻤﻟﺍ لﺤﺍﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﻠﻁ ﺭﺴﻷ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻲﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﻲﺼﺎﺼﺘﺨﻻﺍ .
٣ - لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻋﺭ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻥﻴﻤﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨ ﺩﻴﻔﺘ ﺩﻗ ﻭ
ﻡﻬﺘﺌـﺸﻨﺘ ﻭ
ﻭﺯـﺘ ﻡﻫﺩ
ﺏﻴﻟﺎﺴﻷﺎﺒ ﻨﺠﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﺒﺭﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍ
لﺎﻔﻁﻷﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻌﻤ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﺇ ﺏ .
